Experiment Name: Implementation of De Morgan’s Law with two input.
Objectives:
To verify De-Morgan's Law for logic gates.
To construct their truth tables.
Required Equipment:
Breadboard.
IC 7408(AND).
IC 7432(OR).
IC 7404(NOT).
Power supply.
5V DC supply.
LEDs.
Logic probe.
Multimeter.(optional).
Connecting jumper wires. Fig: AND GATE Fig: OR GATE Fig: NOT GATE
The first theorem states: The complement of two variables AND is equivalent to
the OR of the complements of the individual variables. This theorem can be
expressed using the following formula: ( A+ B) = A . B
PROCEDURE:
Step 1:Building the Circuit for De Morgan's First Law:
Connect two input switches to an OR gate.
Connect the output of the OR gate to a NOT gate.
Connect an LED to the output of the NOT gate.
Provide the necessary power supply.
A B A+B ( A+ B) A B A.B
0 0 0 1 1 1 1
0 1 1 0 1 0 0
1 0 1 0 0 1 0
1 1 1 0 0 0 0
FIG: TRUTH TABLE OF DE MORGAN FIRST LAW
Result: From the above truth table it is clear that the observed results, the outputs
of the circuits can be compared to the expected outputs according to De Morgan's
laws. If the observed outputs match the expected outputs, it confirms the validity of
De Morgan's laws in the given circuits.
And it will give high signal led light when the result is (1) as well as the low signal
give when output becomes (0).
I. The second theorem states: The complement of two variables OR is
equivalent to the AND of the complements of the individual variables. This
theorem can be expressed using the following formula: ( A . B ) = A + B
Building the Circuit for De Morgan's Second Law:
Connect two input switches to an AND gate.
Connect the output of the AND gate to a NOT gate.
Connect an LED to the output of the NOT gate.
Provide the necessary power supply.
A B A.B ( A . B) A B A+ B
0 0 0 1 1 1 1
0 1 0 1 1 0 1
1 0 0 1 0 1 1
1 1 1 0 0 0 0
Result:
From the above truth table it is clear that the observed results, the outputs of the
circuits can be compared to the expected outputs according to De Morgan's laws. If
the observed outputs match the expected outputs, it confirms the validity of De
Morgan's laws in the given circuits.
And it will give high signal led light when the result is (1) as well as the low signal
give when output becomes (0).
Conclusion: De Morgan's Laws are indispensable tools in digital logic design,
providing significant benefits in terms of simplifying Boolean expressions,
optimizing circuit designs, and reducing errors. The hands-on experiments
conducted in the CSE lab reinforced the theoretical knowledge, showcasing the
practical advantages of applying these laws in real-world digital systems.
