Ms.

Anh Du ĐGNL 2023 - 2024

CONDITIONAL SENTENCES
1. Câu điều kiện loại 1

Công thức Cách dùng

If + S + V(hiện tại đơn), S + will/can/may/should/ought to/must - diễn tả về tình

+V huống có thể xảy ra ở
hiện tại hoặc tương
If it rains, we will stay at home.
lai.
(Nếu trời mưa, chúng tôi sẽ ở nhà).

If + S + V(hiện tại đơn), V/don’t V + ... - dùng để đưa ra lời

chỉ dẫn, yêu cầu hoặc
If you know the answer, raise your hand.
mệnh lệnh.
(Nếu bạn biết câu trả lời, hãy giơ tay).

If + S + V(hiện tại đơn), S + V(hiện tại đơn) - diễn tả sự thật hiển

nhiên, một quy luật tự
If you put a bowl of water in the sun, it evaporates.
nhiên hoặc một hành
(Nếu bạn để một bát nước dưới trời nắng, nó sẽ bốc hơn). động xảy ra thường
xuyên.

Should + S + V (bare), S + will/can/may...+ V - để câu nói thêm

trang trọng ta dùng
Should you see her, remind her to call me as soon as possible.
đảo ngữ (thay “if’
(Nếu bạn gặp cô ấy, nhắc cô ấy gọi cho mình càng sớm càng tốt bằng “should”)
nhé”).

2. Câu điều kiện loại 2

Công thức Cách dùng

If + S + V(quá khứ đơn), S + would/could/might + - diễn tả những giả định trái
V(bare) ngược với thực tế ở hiện tại
If I had money now, I would buy a new car.
(Nếu
Weretôi
+ Scó+tiền
(to bây
V)...giờ,
, S +tôiwould/could/might
sẽ mua một chiếc ô+tôV(bare)
mới). - để câu nói thêm trang trọng
ta dùng đảo ngữ
Were you in my situation, what would you do?
(Bạn sẽ làm gì nếu bạn ở trong hoàn cảnh của tôi?)

3. Câu điều kiện loại 3

Công thức Cách dùng

Ms. Anh Du ĐGNL 2023 - 2024
If + S + V(quá khứ hoàn thành), S + would/could/might+ have + - diễn tả những giả
Vp2 định trái ngược với
If I had seen the football match last night, I would have told you thực tế ờ quá khứ.
about it.
(Nếu tối qua tôi xem trận bóng đó, tôi đã có thể kể với bạn về nó).

Had + S + Vp2, S + would/could/might+ have + Vp2 - để câu nói thêm

Had I known you were coming to Ha Noi, I wouldn’t have gone trang trọng ta dùng
đảo ngữ (đảo “had”
on holiday.
của mệnh đề “if” lên
(Nếu tôi biết bạn tới Hà Nội thì tôi có lẽ đã không đi du lịch). đầu).

If it hadn’t been for + N, S + would/could/might+ have + Vp2 - để nhấn mạnh

danh từ trong câu
= Had it not been for + N, S + would/could/might+ have + Vp2
điều kiện loại 3.
= But for/without + N, S + would/could/might+ have + Vp2
(nếu không có....thì...đã)
If it hadn’t been for his father’s help, he wouldn’t have succeeded.
= Had it not been for his father’s help, he wouldn’t have succeeded.
= But for/without his father’s help, he wouldn’t have succeeded.
(Nếu không có sự giúp đỡ của bô’ anh ấy, anh ấy có lẽ đã không
thành công).

4. Câu điều kiện kết hợp

Công thức Cách dùng

If + S + V(quá khứ hoàn thành), S + would/could + V(bare) kết hợp câu điều
kiện loại 3 và loại 2.
If I had had breakfast, I wouldn’t feel hungry now.
(Nếu tôi đã ăn sáng thì bây giờ tôi đã không thấy đói).

If + S + V(quá khứ đơn), S + would/could/might + have + Vp2 kết hợp câu điều
If I didn’t I have to go to school today, I would have gone on holiday kiện loại 2 và loại 3.
with my parents yesterday.
(Nếu như hôm nay tôi không phải đi học thì có lẽ hôm qua tôi đã đi
nghỉ mát với ba mẹ rồi).

Exercise 1. Mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet.

1. ________, he would have been able to pass the exam.
Ms. Anh Du ĐGNL 2023 - 2024
A. If he had been studied more B. Had he studied more
C. If he studied more D. If he studies more
2. According to some historians, if Napoleon had not invaded Russia, he________the rest of the world.
A. had conquered B. would conquer C. would have conquered D. conquered
3. Tony would have forgotten the appointment if I________him.
A. don’t remind B. didn’t remind C. hadn’t reminded D. reminded
4. “I’m going out now.” -”________you happen to pass a chemist’s, please get me some aspirins.”
A. Had B. Should C. Did D. Were
5. “What would you do in my position?” - “Were________like that, I would complain to the manager.”
A. I be treated B. I treated C. I to be treated D. to treat
6. Had I studied harder, I________better in the last exam.
A. would do B. would have done
C. had done D. wouldn’t have done
7. The book would have been perfect________the ending.
A. had it not been for B. it had not been for
C. it hadn’t been for D. hadn’t it been for
8. He said if he had not answered the phone at the petroleum station then, he________a fine.
A. would pay B. hadn’t paid
C. had been paid D. wouldn’t have had to pay
9. If________taller, I might be better at basketball.
A. I am B. I were C. I had been D. were I
10. ________the book, please return it to me.
A. Should you find B. You find C. Were you to find D. If you found
11. If she________sick, she would have been to the party with me.
A. wasn’t B. hadn’t been C. hasn’t been D. weren’t
12. ________anyone object, the plan will be reconsidered.
A. If B. Should C. Do D. Might
13. Had I known that you were ill last week,________.
A. I would have gone to see you B. I would go to see you
C. I will go to see you D. I shall have gone to see you
14. Students will not be allowed into the exam room if they________their student cards.
A. don’t show B. didn’t show C. showed D. hadn’t showed
15. Without your help, I________the technical problem with my computer the other day.
A. wouldn’t solve B. couldn’t have solved
C. could solve D. can’t solve
16. If Martin were here now, he________US to solve this difficult problem.
A. would help B. helps C. will help D. has helped
17. If he didn’t have to work today, he________his children to the zoo.
A. will take B. takes C. would take D. has taken
18. If you didn’t have to leave today, I________you around the city.
A. have shownB. showed C. will show D. would show
19. If our teacher were here now, he________US with this difficult exercise.
A. has helped B. helps C. will help D. would help
20. If he were younger, he________a professional running competition now.
A. will join B. had joined C. would have joined D. would join
21. If you watch this film, you________about the cultures of Southeast Asian countries.
A. learned B. were learning C. will learn D. would learn
22. If he were better qualified, he________get the job.
A. will B. can C. may D. could
23. If life________predictable it would cease to be life, and be without flavor.
A. is B. would be C. were D. had been
Ms. Anh Du ĐGNL 2023 - 2024
24. That sounds like a good offer. I________it if I________you.
A. would accept - were B. accepted - would be
C. accept - will be D. will accept - were
25. If he improved his IT skills, he________a job.
A. will easily get B. would easily get
C. will easily have got D. would easily have got
26. If it had not rained last night, the roads in the city________so slippery now.
A. must not be B. would not be
C. could not have been D. would not have been
27. ________ten minutes earlier, you would have got a better seat.
A. Had you arrived B. If you arrived
C. Were you arrived D. If you hadn’t arrived
28. If it________their encouragement, he could have given it up.
A. hadn’t been for B. wouldn’t have been for
C. had been for D. hadn’t been
29. But for his kind support, I________.
A. would not have succeeded B. did not succeed
C. had not succeeded D. would succeed
30. - Jean: “Why didn’t you tell me about the plans for the merge?”
- Jack: “I would have told you________.”
A. if you asked me B. had you asked me
C. you had asked to me D. you were asking me
31. We________on the beach now if we hadn’t missed the plane.
A. will lie B. could be lying C. will be lying D. might have lain
32. If I were in charge, I________things differently.
A. had done B. would do C. would have done D. will do
33. If a drop of oil is placed in a glass of water, it________to the top.
A. will float B. would float C. does float D. should float
34. ________anyone call, just say I’ll be back in the office at four o’clock.
A. If B. Were C. Should D. Unless
35. ________me twice my current salary, I wouldn’t work for them.
A. If they paid B. Weren’t they paid
C. Were they not to pay D. Had they not paid
36. If I________just one year younger, I would be eligible for the scholarship.
A. am B. will be C. would be D. were
37. If we are not busy this weekend, we________the new fruit farm in the countryside.
A. will visit B. would visit C. would have visited D. visited
38. If you follow my directions, you________her house easily.
A. would find B. would have found C. found D. will find
39. ________advised on what and how to prepare for the interview, he might have got the job.
A. Had he been B. If he had C. Unless he had been D. Were he to be
40. If my father________bankrupt last year, he could own the luxurious car now.
A. didn’t go B. hadn’t gone C. wasn’t going D. weren’t to go
Exercise 2. Mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the sentence that is closest in
meaning to each of the following questions.
1. Without transportation, our modern society would not exist.
A. Our modern society will not exist without having traffic.
B. Our modern society does not exist if there is no transportation.
C. If transportation no longer exists, our modern society will not either.
D. If there were no transportation, our modern society would not exist.
2. Work hard or you will fail the exam.
Ms. Anh Du ĐGNL 2023 - 2024
A. You will fail the exam if you work hard.
B. If you work hard, you won’t pass the exam.
C. You won't fail the exam if you don't work hard.
D. If you don’t work hard, you will fail the exam.
3. I can’t understand him because he speaks so quickly.
a. If he spoke so quickly, I’d understand him.
b. If he speaks so quickly, I can understand him.
c. If he didn’t speak so quickly, I’d understand him.
d. If he didn’t speak so quickly, I understood him.
4. I regret going to bed so late last night.
A. I wish I hadn’t gone to bed so late last night.
B. I wish I had gone to bed so late last night.
C. I wish I went to bed so late last night.
D. I wish I didn’t go to bed so late last night.
5. We did not visit the museum because we had no time.
A. If we have time, we will visit the museum.
B. If we had time, we would visit the museum.
C. If we had had time, we would have visited the museum.
D. If we had had time, we will visit the museum.
6. It’s a pity that you didn’t tell us about this.
A. I wish you told us about this. B. I wish you would tell us about this.
C. I wish you had told us about this. D. I wish you have told us about this.
7. Julia couldn’t pass the driving test because she was so nervous.
A. Julia could pass the driving test if she hadn’t been so nervous.
B. Julia could pass the driving test if she wasn’t very nervous.
C. Julia could have passed the driving test if she hadn’t been so nervous.
D. Julia will pass the driving test if she wasn’t so nervous.
8. She is too busy to come to the party.
A. If she was not so busy she must come to the party.
B. If she was not so busy she could come to the party.
C. If she was not so busy she needs to come to the party.
D. If she was not so busy she should come to the party.
9. She was careless. A fire broke out in the kitchen.
A. If she were careless, a fire broke out in the kitchen.
B. If she had been careful, a fire broke out in the kitchen.
C. If she had been careless, a fire would have broken out in the kitchen.
D. If she had been careful, a fire would not have broken out in the kitchen.
10. Susan regretted not buying that villa.
A. Susan wished she had bought that villa.
B. Susan wished she bought that villa.
C. Susan wished she could buy that villa.
D. Susan wished she hadn’t bought that villa.
11.She didn't do the test because it was too difficult.
A. If the test had been too difficult, she could have done it.
B. If the test hadn't been too difficult, she could have done it.
C. If the test were not too difficult, she could do it.
D. If the test hadn't been too difficult, she couldn't have done it.
12.Peter doesn't read a lot. He can't find the time.
A. If Peter hadn't got the time, he would read a lot.
B. If Peter has the time, he will read a lot.
Ms. Anh Du ĐGNL 2023 - 2024
C. If Peter had had the time, he would have read a lot.
D. If Peter had the time, he would read a lot.
13.She didn’t stop her car because she didn’t see the signal.
A. If she saw the signal, she would stop her car.
B. If she had seen the signal, she would stop her car.
C. If she had seen the signal, she would have stopped her car.
D. If she saw the signal, she would have stopped her car.
14.I did not understand what the lecturer was saying because I had not read his book.
A. What the lecturer wrote and said was too difficult for me to understand.
B. The lecturer's book which I had not read was difficult to understand.
C.I found it very difficult to understand what the lecturer said in his book.
D.I would have understood what the lecturer was saying if I had read his book.
15.John is fat because he eats so many chips.
A. If John doesn’t eat so many chips, he will not be fat.
B. John is fat though he eats so many chips.
C. being fat, John eats so many chips.
D. If John didn’t eat so many chips, he would not be fat.