UNIT III A WORLD OF REGIONS

Unit Test:
G. Identification. Answer the following item by supplying the correct answer on the blank.
Regionalism 1. This describes the decentralization of competencies or the establishment of
regional institutions by the state.

Third World countries 2. They are largely characterized as poor and underdeveloped. In these
countries, low levels of education, poor infrastructure, improper sanitation and poor access to
health care mean living conditions are seen as inferior to those in the world's more developed
nations.

laboratories of modernity 3.This is the term for colonies in the Asia pacific and South Asia
influenced the West and vice versa.

The Asia Pacific and South Asia 4.It includes some of the world’s most economically developed
states such as Japan, South Korea, Singapore, and Taiwan, and highly impoverished countries
such as Cambodia, Laos, and Nepal.

Open Regionalism 5.This aims to develop and maintain cooperation with outside actors. This is
meant to resolve the tension between the rise of regional trade agreements and the push for
global trade as embodied by World Trade Organization (WTO).

World Trade Organization (WTO) 6.This is the only global international organization dealing
with the rules of trade between nations.

Global South 7.This refers to these countries' "interconnected histories of colonialism, neo-
imperialism, and differential economic and social change through which large inequalities in
living standards, life expectancy, and access to resources are maintained.

Third wave 8.They occupy different positions in their respective societies as well as in relation
to their nation-states as they constitute the expanding regional consumer market.

New urban middle classes 9.They were created through growth in retail trade, manufacture,
banking, real estate development, and an expanding range of specialist services such as
accounting, advertising, computing, and market research.

Pacific Pivot 10.This is a foreign policy shift was implemented by the United States to commit
more resources and attention to the region.

H. True or False. Identify whether the statement is correct or not. Write True if it is correct,
False if not. Underline the what makes the statement incorrect, then provide the corrections.
Global south 1. Contemporary critics of neo-liberal globalization use the north devides as a
banner to rally countries victimized by the violent economic cures of institutions like the
International Monetary Fund.

First and second 2. The Second World described countries whose views aligned with NATO and
capitalism, and the Third World referred to countries that supported communism and the
Soviet Union.

True 3. The ills of the global south are being globalized.

State_4. The strongest vehicle for social redistribution and the main mechanism for social
transfer is regionalism.

True 5. Spaces of underdevelopment in developed countries may mirror the poverty of the
global south, and spaces of affluence mirror those of the global north.

continues to be globalized 6.The global in global south does not only mean that the south is the
globe but also signifies that the south has attained high globalization.

True 7. Globalization is the intensification of economic, political, social, and cultural relations
across borders and a consciousness of that intensification, with a concomitant diminution in the
significance of territorial boundaries

US and Europe 8. Globalization in the Asia Pacific and South Asia is an external phenomenon
being pushed into the region by world powers like Grater Asia and the Americas.

True 9. The global south is not relevant for those who live in countries traditionally associated
with it but also signifies that the south continues to be globalized.

decentralization 10. Regionalism refers to the centralization of political powers or competencies

from a higher towards a lower political level.

I. Essay. Answer the following question.

1. Explain the Asia Pacific and South Asia’s Impact on Globalization.

A. Japan

Japan's success in obtaining raw materials like coal and iron at large scales and
lower costs wasn't just about getting stuff for their factories. It was a game-changer for
their entire economy. By securing these resources efficiently, Japanese companies could
produce goods more affordably and quickly than others worldwide. This not only made
Japanese products competitive but also set new standards in global manufacturing.

Moreover, Japan's brilliance extended beyond just production. They

revolutionized the way goods were transported worldwide. Their innovative shipping
 and logistics methods became the envy of the world. Other countries took note and
adopted similar strategies to enhance their own businesses. This ripple effect
transformed global trade, making Japan a pioneer in how companies everywhere
manage their supply chains and operate on a global scale.

B. China

China is becoming a big deal globally, and countries in Asia like Japan, the US,
and Europe are taking notice. China is now the world's biggest buyer of stuff like iron,
and they make a ton of steel, more than anyone else. They're also lending lots of money
to other countries, even more than big organizations like the World Bank. All this means
that what China does affects what we buy and sell all around the world. So, countries in
Asia like ours are getting involved in China's big economic game, selling them things they
need and sometimes borrowing money from them. It's like we're all on the same team,
trying to make the world's economy work better.

C. India

India's embrace of an export-oriented strategy has significantly contributed to

the globalization of China. By opening up its economy and emphasizing exports, India
has become a key player in the global market, particularly in sectors like textiles and
other low-wage industries. This emphasis on exports has not only boosted India's own
economy but has also created opportunities for collaboration with China. In particular,
India's success in software development exports has demonstrated its capabilities in the
global market and has paved the way for collaboration with China in the tech sector. As
trends in outsourcing and offshoring continue to rise, India's role in global service
provisions has become even more prominent. This has led to increased interactions and
partnerships between Indian and Chinese companies, further fueling the globalization of
China.

D. Philippines

The Philippines' connection with the Asia Pacific and South Asia regions has had
a big impact on its globalization. First off, being close to these regions has helped the
Philippines trade more with them, boosting its economy. Also, many Filipinos work in
countries like Singapore and Japan, sending money back home which helps the economy
too. Because of this, Filipino culture mixes with others in these places, and tourists from
there visit the Philippines. Plus, technology and ideas from countries like China and India
help the Philippines grow and start new businesses. Lastly, being part of groups like
ASEAN helps the Philippines work together with its neighbors on important issues.
Overall, being connected with Asia Pacific and South Asia has made the Philippines more
global, helping its economy and culture grow.