Collector of Treasures - Bessie Head

● Introduction

"Collector of Treasures" is a collection of short stories written by Bessie Head,

a prominent writer known for her powerful narratives centered on the lives of women
in Southern Africa, particularly Botswana. The stories in this collection explore
themes such as gender roles, cultural traditions, social justice, and human
relationships, often focusing on the challenges and resilience of women in patriarchal
societies.
Bessie Head was born in 1937 in South Africa, but she is closely associated
with Botswana, where she spent much of her life in exile due to apartheid. Head's
writing is deeply rooted in the experiences of African women and the struggles they
face in their personal and social lives. She has a unique ability to capture the
complex dynamics between tradition and modernity, as well as the impact of
colonialism and social injustice.
In "Collector of Treasures," Head crafts stories that are poignant and
thought-provoking, illustrating the harsh realities many women endure and the
strength they summon to overcome them. The collection's title story revolves around
Dikeledi, a woman who, after enduring abuse and betrayal, commits a shocking act
that reflects the intense frustration and desperation of women living in oppressive
conditions.
Through these stories, Head sheds light on the everyday lives of African
women, revealing their courage and determination despite systemic discrimination
and adversity. Her work serves as a powerful commentary on gender inequality,
highlighting the need for change and the importance of women's voices in a world
that often marginalises them.

● Dikeledi's Past
Dikeledi's past in "The Collector of Treasures" is marked by hardship, pain, and
emotional turmoil. Bessie Head, the author of the story, uses Dikeledi's past to
explore the struggles that many women face in patriarchal societies. Through her
experiences, the story examines themes of abuse, neglect, and the impact of a toxic
marriage on a woman's life. This discussion of Dikeledi's past will focus on her
marriage, personal challenges, and the events that shape her character.

Dikeledi's Marriage to Garesego

Dikeledi's past is heavily influenced by her marriage to Garesego Mokopi, a man
who embodies the abusive and chauvinistic traits common in patriarchal cultures.
Garesego is neglectful, unfaithful, and abusive toward Dikeledi. He disregards her
feelings and treats her as if she has no value beyond her role as a wife and mother.
This oppressive environment is a significant source of pain and isolation for Dikeledi.

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Abuse and Neglect
Throughout her marriage, Dikeledi endures abuse and neglect from Garesego. He is
physically and emotionally absent, leaving her to care for their children and manage
the household on her own. His neglect is not only a personal betrayal, but also a
reflection of the broader societal issue of male chauvinism, where women are
expected to bear the burden of family responsibilities without receiving respect or
support in return.

Garesego's infidelity further contributes to Dikeledi's suffering. He is unfaithful to her,

openly seeking relationships with other women, which adds to her emotional
distress. This behavior illustrates the double standard in many patriarchal societies,
where men are often given more freedom to pursue their desires while women are
expected to remain faithful and subservient.

Dikeledi's Struggle and Desperation

Dikeledi's past reveals a life of quiet suffering and hidden despair. Despite the abuse
she endures, she remains calm and composed, rarely showing her emotions.
However, this calmness hides a deep sense of desperation as she struggles to find a
way out of her toxic marriage.
Her past also reflects the limited options available to women in her position.
With no legal recourse or societal support, Dikeledi feels trapped in a situation with
no clear escape route. This sense of being stuck in an oppressive environment
contributes to the drastic action she eventually takes to free herself from her
husband's abuse.

The Catalyst for Change

Dikeledi's past serves as a catalyst for her decision to commit a shocking act to
escape her abusive marriage. The long history of neglect, abuse, and infidelity
culminates in a moment of extreme violence, illustrating her desperation and the
extent to which she feels powerless. Her action is a response to years of suffering
and reflects the intense need for change in a system that offers little protection for
women like her.

Dikeledi's past in "The Collector of Treasures" is a poignant exploration of the

struggles many women face in patriarchal societies. Through her experiences,
Bessie Head examines the impact of abuse and neglect on a woman's life and the
desperation that can lead to drastic actions. Dikeledi's story is a powerful reminder of
the need to challenge oppressive systems and create a world where women are
valued and respected.

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Q. Dikeledi's act of cutting off her husbands genitals.
Ans. Dikeledi's brutal act of severing her husband Garesego's genitals can be
traced to deep-rooted gender inequalities, systematic oppression and cycles of
injustice that she was entrapped within. It represents the volcanic eruption of
resentments, humiliations and dehumanization that Dikeledi silently endured over
years due to the rigid patriarchal norms of her society.Multiple interlocking factors
converge to push her towards this brutal assertion of selfhood as a final act of
defiance.

At the core lies Garesego's utter abdication of any responsibility, financial support or
emotional attachment towards Dikeledi and their three sons. His pursuit of hedonistic
pleasures with multiple mistresses while treating his wife as a mere disposable
object for his carnal needs reflects the severely diminished status that men like him
accorded to women.A major driving force is Garesego's complete dereliction of any
spousal or fatherly duties towards Dikeledi and their three sons.
The text states he "left his wife and three sons...to their own resources" soon after
his salary increased post-independence. This financial abandonment traps Dikeledi
in a life of penury, having to struggle alone to "feed those mouths" through hard labor
like knitting and sewing. His refusal to pay their eldest son Banabothe's school fees,
forcing Dikeledi to pleadingly ask "Garesego, I beg you to help me pay Banabothe's
fees" reflects his utter disregard for their wellbeing.Dikeledi is forced to
single-handedly raise the children through hard labor, constantly teetering on the
brink of poverty - a man's irresponsible choices robbing her of dignity.

More critically, it is the entrenched cultural mindset that views women as inferior
beings, "lower forms of human life" that fuels Dikeledi's simmering anger.Moreover,
Garesego's rampant philandering and illicit affairs are symbolic of the patriarchal
norms that reduce wives to mere sexual property without agency. The narration
mentions "he lived and slept around the village, from woman to woman", viewing
Dikeledi as a dispensable object for his carnal needs - "He was coming home for
some sex." His demand for hospitality and sex on his own terms despite abandoning
her amplifies the injustice - she is expected to be an ever-obliging object with no
rights over her own body or honor.This dehumanization forms the bedrock of
Dikeledi's humiliation and angst.Garesego's sexist taunts questioning her character
based on patriarchal assumptions of wives being male property strike at the very
roots of her self-worth.

Crucially, Garesego's words directly insult and objectify Dikeledi's womanhood,

fueling her simmering rage. Accusing her of being Paul's "spare" or "concubine", he
dismisses her dignity - "Men only do that for women they fuck!" His audacity to
demand hospitality and conjugal attentions, asking "Will you prepare a meal for me
and some hot water that I might take a bath" despite abandoning her for years is the
ultimate patriarchal entitlement that shatters Dikeledi's fragile resilience.

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The systemic gender oppression of the culture that views wives as inferior "lower
forms of human life" with no legal recourse exacerbates Dikeledi's suffocation. Even
her relatives shun her "for fear that since her husband had left her she would
become dependent on them", denying any support system. This ingrained social
hostility towards abandoned wives leaves her utterly powerless and
isolated.Dikeledi's isolation and lack of any support system from relatives, society or
legal mechanisms reinforce her powerlessness. In contrast her friendship with the
educated, respected Kenalepe briefly offers a glimpse into a world of marital equality
and tenderness via Paul - "He is an honest somebody." But this sweet illusion
constantly taunts her with the loving partnership she can never access, amplifying
her despair over her reality of being an unworthy avijja (servant).

The final provocation when, Garesego arrogantly demands intimacy assuming

"resumed conjugal rights", the cumulative resentment from years of institutionalized
oppression, financial deprivation, emotional neglect and assaults on her selfhood
explodes uncontrollably.

With no legal or societal sources to address her dehumanization, violence becomes

the tragic path of reclaiming autonomy over her body, honor and human worth. The
utter powerlessness of being a "lower human form" with no voice except the
"precision and skill of her hard-working hands" drives her to symbolically sever the
very source of her subjugation - Garesego's genitals.

This act can be seen as a last-ditch attempt to violently reclaim the basic human
dignity that Garesego and the patriarchal structures constantly denied her through
various structural, emotional and physical oppressions. By severing the very source
of her dehumanization, his genitals, she tries to regain control over her life and
reassert her identity as a person beyond just being a subjugated sexual object.
The visceral description of her "grasping hold of his genitals and cutting them off
with one stroke...slitting the main artery" reflects her desperate attempt to
viciously reclaim the selfhood that systemically being stripped away over decades.

However, the tragedy is that after years of being crushed under patriarchal
structures, Dikeledi's notion of empowerment becomes contorted into mirroring the
very violence and dehumanization she abhors. The victim absorbs negative traits of
the oppressor when continuously battered by a constricting environment without any
healthy outlets for frustration.

Ultimately, while Dikeledi's actions are an undoubtedly brutal crime, they arise from
the cascading injustices of a society that offered no opportunities for her to assert
rights or selfhood through just mechanisms. The unsettling tale examines the
catastrophic human costs of normalized gender oppression and lack of institutional
equality. It urgently calls for reforming mindsets and dismantling regressive systemic
factors that enable such tragic implosions of human value across generations.

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Q. The Collector of Treasures as an attack on African male Chauvinism.

Ans.The short story "The Collector of Treasures" by Bessie Head serves as a

powerful critique and condemnation of the deep-rooted male chauvinism and
patriarchal attitudes prevalent in certain African societies. Through the tragic tale of
Dikeledi and her suffering at the hands of her callous husband Garesego, the
narrative exposes the damaging consequences of such misogynistic mindsets.

Male chauvinism refers to a belief in male superiority, often manifested through the
devaluation of women, gender-based discrimination, and restrictive societal norms
that limit women's rights and opportunities. It is a pervasive attitude in many
patriarchal societies, where men hold most power and women are expected to play
subordinate roles.

At its core, the story attacks the notion of men viewing wives as inferior beings, mere
properties and objects for their sexual pleasures. Garesego's blatant abandonment
of Dikeledi and their three sons to indulge in philandering with multiple mistresses
lays bare this chauvinistic disregard for family responsibilities. He treats Dikeledi as a
dispensable commodity, leaving her to fend for herself and the children through hard
labor while he squanders money on self-gratification. From the outset, Garesego is
portrayed as the embodiment of toxic masculinity that views women as inferior
subordinate beings. The line "Like all the new 'success men', he had developed a
paunch, his eyes were blood-shot, his face was bloated" paints him as the archetype
of arrogant male entitlement. His utter abdication of marital responsibilities in
abandoning Dikeledi and their children to indulge his vices reflects this chauvinistic
disregard for family - "He left his wife and three sons...to their own resources."

More critically, Garesego's words directly insult Dikeledi's womanhood and humanity,
echoing internalized societal male chauvinism. Accusing her of being Paul's mistress
- "Everyone knows he's keeping two homes and that you are his spare" - dismisses
her dignity based on sexist assumptions of wives being male properties. His audacity
in demanding intimacy with the line "Will you prepare a meal for me and some hot
water that I might take a bath" despite abandoning her epitomizes this entitled male
dominance over women's bodies.

The narration repeatedly highlights how this chauvinistic objectification of wives as

"lower forms of human life" without rights is institutionalised, not just Garesego's
personal flaw. It states "Black women didn't have that kind of power", underlining
their systemic disempowerment. Even Dikeledi's own relatives shunning her - "for
fear that since her husband had left her she would become dependent on them" -
reflects this pervasive social hostility towards women abandoned by husbands.

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The story lambasts how such regressive male chauvinism denies women even basic
autonomy over their own bodies and personal choices. Garesego's audacious
homecoming demanding food, bathing and sexual attentions despite abandoning
Dikeledi for years epitomizes the toxic male entitlement that wives must obediently
indulge husbands' carnal whims without any agency of their own.

Crucially, Dikeledi's deprivation of any legal or institutional mechanism to assert her

rights against Garesego's tyranny exposes how male chauvinism is systematically
upheld through institutional discrimination. Even her own relatives shun her, tacitly
endorsing the view that abandoned wives are personal/family "burdens" to avoid.
With "no way to appeal to him if I felt ill", she internalizes her powerlessness as a
wife in this prejudiced social structure.

In biting contrast, the character of Paul Thebolo, a caring and respectful spouse who
views marriage as a partnership of equals, is posited as a positive counterpoint. His
tender gestures and emotional sensitivity towards Dikeledi and Kenalepe. Paul
Thebolo's respectful, tender dynamics with his wife Kenalepe is posited as a
powerful positive foil. Gestures like the narration "He is an honest somebody" and
Head's description of his "infinitely sweet" connection with Dikeledi highlight how he
views women as esteemed equals, unlike chauvinists like Garesego. His protective
assurance to Dikeledi - "You don't have to worry about thchildren...I'll take them as
my own" - underscores the muted, compassionate masculinity lacking in patriarchs.

Ultimately, Her eventual decision to sever Garesego's genitals can be viewed as a

symbolic attack on the phallic sense of male superiority and proprietorship over
women's bodies enabled by such chauvinism. Dikeledi's eventual bloody mutilation
of Garesego can be seen as an explosive backlash not just against his personal
cruelties, but also a broader indictment of the gender oppression ubiquitously
enforced by patriarchal African societies. Her act, while unpalatable in its violence,
arises from a desperate attempt to viciously demolish the smug phallic symbol of
patriarchy that enabled her oppression when she could find no other avenue for
assertion.

By documenting Dikeledi's tragic life of exploitation and her ultimately dehumanizing

equalization of Garesego's chauvinism through brutality, Bessie Head appears to
make a powerful statement criticizing such institutionalized male chauvinism. The
tale leaves the reader to ponder whether more progressive societies that uphold
gender equality could help prevent such catastrophic breakdowns of human values
across all cultures.

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Q. As a story of reconstructing masculinity in her adopted home, Bostwana.
Ans. Through the powerful narrative of "The Collector of Treasures", Bessie Head,
who had settled in Botswana after an oppressed life in South Africa, seems to make
an emphatic statement on the urgent need to reconstruct regressive masculine
norms and ideals in her adopted nation. The story's searing depiction of unchecked
male chauvinism's human costs serves as a cautionary tale for the fledgling
independent Botswana society.

The character of Garesego Mokopi emerges as the embodiment of toxic patriarchal

masculinity that reduces women to subhuman commodities for male gratification. His
blatant abandonment and financial abuse of wife Dikeledi reflects the masculine
posturing of dominance and irresponsibility. The narration's line "He spun away from
himself in a dizzy kind of death dance of wild destruction and dissipation" paints him
as the archetype of insecure masculinity compensating for "inner emptiness" through
vices.
More critically, Garesego's sexist assumptions that wives like Dikeledi are
male properties for unilateral intimacy without consent institutionalize assault as
masculine entitlement. His crude taunts calling her Paul's "spare" or "concubine"
because the kind man shares food highlights how such male chauvinism is
internalized across societal attitudes as normal "masculine" behaviour.

In visceral contrast, Head's portrait of Paul Thebolo as a deeply compassionate

family-oriented man devoted to upliftment constructs an antithesis to Garesego's
regressive masculinity. His "slow-moving", "peaceful" demeanour, "infinitely sweet"
interactions with Dikeledi, and protective commitment to her children posit an
alternative masculine model rooted in nurturance rather than dominance.

Lines like "He was a poem of tenderness" who took Garesego's taunts with dignified
restraint and simply promised to "give them all a secondary school education"
indicate Head championing a reconstructed masculinity oriented around
responsibility, emotional intelligence and respect for human dignity - qualities
systematically denied by chauvinists like Garesego.

By showing Paul's household as a harmonious confluence of gendered

complementarity grounded in equality, the story suggests masculine identity need
not be rooted in oppressive assertions of authority over women. His
self-assuredness coexists with Kenalepe's independence - "her attractive personality
attracted a whole range of women to her yard."

However, Head's portrayal of Paul temporarily resorting to violence to strike

Garesego indicates her perspective that a reconstructed masculinity need not
disavow the masculine entirely. Rather, it must consciously channel intrinsic
"masculine" traits like the protective instinct towards building social unity and civic
purpose rather than dominating the feminine.

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Crucially though, the story's heart-rending depiction of how Dikeledi becomes so
dehumanized by Garesego's systemic abuse and societal disempowerment that she
mirrors his inhumanity serves as an allegory for why regressive masculinity is
unsustainable. Her brutal mutilation becomes "an attempt to violently reclaim the
basic human dignity that Garesego and the patriarchal structures constantly denied
her."

Head's narration that "the tragedy lies in how her agency has become so mutilated
by systemic injustice over decades that the only route to empowerment left is one of
brutal violence" appears to condemn unreconstructed masculine oppression as a
catalyst for vicious cycles of dehumanization across genders when institutionally
unchecked.

By positing Dikeledi's actions as a volcanic release of "resentments, humiliations and

dehumanization that Dikeledi silently endured over years due to the rigid patriarchal
norms", Head makes an emphatic statement that Botswana's ideals of democracy
and inclusion remain hollow until its masculine norms and institutions adopt more
progressive, conscientious attitudes towards women's equality and rights.

The understated yet profound emotional richness in Head's depiction of Paul and
Kenalepe's relationship seems to symbolize an egalitarian Botswana family dynamic
she envisions as the bedrock for holistic social progress and sustainable human
dignity, shattering cycles of male hurt perpetuating hurt across generations.

Overall, while neither didactic nor reductive in its gender critiques, "The Collector of
Treasures" harnesses penetrating narrative skill to urgently advocate reconstructing
Botswana's masculine ideals away from chauvinism and oppression towards a
model rooted in accountability, empathy and inclusive partnerships with women as
coequal nation-builders. Head's prose humanely calls upon her adopted nation to
reconcile with its regressive masculine legacies enabling systemic injustice.

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Q. Significance of the title.
Ans. The poignant title "The Collector of Treasures" resonates with deep symbolic
significance in Bessie Head's powerful narrative. It serves as a profound metaphor
for the resilient human capacity to construct meaning, joy and dignity even amid the
most dehumanizing circumstances of oppression and injustice.

Literal Meaning of the Title

The most straightforward interpretation of the title "The Collector of Treasures" is the
act of collecting or gathering valuable items. This could suggest a story about
someone who finds, appreciates, and cherishes objects that have intrinsic or
sentimental value. However, in the context of Bessie Head's story, the title takes on
deeper layers of meaning that go beyond physical objects.

At the core, the protagonist Dikeledi emerges as the eponymous "collector" who
amasses small but precious "treasures" of kindness, tenderness and human
connection throughout her life's trials. Despite the emotional abandonment by her
husband Garesego and the lack of societal support, she finds anchors of strength in
seemingly mundane moments.

Symbolic Representation of Treasures

In this story, the term "treasures" symbolizes the things that are precious, not just in
a material sense, but in an emotional and spiritual way. These "treasures" can be
moments of happiness, relationships, personal achievements, or experiences that
bring joy and meaning to life. Given Bessie Head's focus on the struggles and
resilience of women in African societies, the title could point to the strength women
find in the small, often overlooked aspects of life.

The "treasures" she meticulously collects manifest as her profound friendship with
Kenalepe's loving family, which allowed her to be "forever together at weddings,
funerals, and parties in the village", provides a safe haven amid her oppression, also
theoblo family took responsibilities of her children for the rest of the life.

Similarly, seemingly small acts of dignity become cherished treasures for Dikeledi's
battered selfhood. When Paul simply states "You are a very good woman,
Mma-Banabothe", the narration reveals "It was the truth and the gift was offered like
a nugget of gold. Only men like Paul Thebolo could offer such gifts. She took it and
stored another treasure in her heart."

Head's shaping of the metaphor becomes clearer in the passage "She was the
collector of such treasures" - implying Dikeledi's special habit of compiling these
nuggets of human warmth and using them as bulwarks to reassemble her
fragmented identity and self-worth perpetually eroded by patriarchal forces.

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Empowerment Through Treasures : The act of "collecting treasures" can be seen
as a metaphor for empowerment and agency. In a world where women often face
oppression, abuse, and marginalization, the ability to find and collect treasures
becomes an act of resistance and self-affirmation. This is particularly relevant in
cultures where women are devalued and expected to conform to restrictive roles. By
collecting treasures, women in the story assert their own sense of worth and reclaim
their identity.
The treasures extend to her small but dignified ways of maintaining
autonomy. Her knitting skills enabling independence in "feeding those mouths"
become treasured reminders of agency amid systemic disempowerment. Details like
"She had soft, caressing, almost boneless, hands of strange power - work of
beautiful design grew from those hands" exemplify this.

Cultural Significance of the Title: "The Collector of Treasures" also has cultural
significance in highlighting the unique experiences of women in African societies.
The stories in this collection reflect the realities of life in Botswana and other similar
contexts, where women face both cultural and institutional barriers. The title
suggests that even within these constraints, women can find and collect their own
sources of joy, love, and connection, ultimately creating their own treasures.
Moreover, Head deploys natural imagery cleverly to underscore how human
tenderness and emotional connections become Dikeledi's most treasured "jewels" in
navigating a spiritual wasteland. The metaphor "She bowed her knee in the
traditional curtsey" hints at how she tries preserving traditional Botswanan values of
respect as precious inner treasures.

Even her simple maternal joys in watching her sons study and supporting their
education become invaluable treasures in her barren life - "She knelt down near their
sleeping mats and stared at them for a long while, with an extremely tender
expression...and quite overlooked the barrenness of her own life."

One of most significant aspect of this collection of treasures in the story is that the
treasure she had earned as peace and security for herself and her children by
cutting off her husbands genitals, and this also reflects her desperate attempt to
viciously reclaim the selfhood, her dignity -the treasures- that systemically being
stripped away over decades. She has overcome with the struggles and enjoying the
life with happiness, these are the Treasures she is collecting.

The title ultimately conveys a message of hope and resilience. It reminds readers
that even in oppressive environments, there are treasures to be found—whether they
are relationships, personal growth, or moments of beauty. The act of collecting these
treasures symbolizes the strength and courage it takes to thrive in challenging
circumstances. Bessie Head's title speaks to the resilience of the human spirit and
the power of women to find meaning and value in their lives, despite the forces that
seek to limit them.

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In summary, the title "The Collector of Treasures" holds significant meaning in Bessie
Head's short story collection. It symbolizes the idea that treasures are not only
physical objects but also intangible sources of strength and joy. The act of collecting
these treasures represents the empowerment and resilience of women, challenging
oppressive cultural norms and redefining what is valuable in patriarchal societies.
Ultimately, the title serves as a testament to the enduring power of the human spirit
and the courage of women who strive to create their own treasures.

Q. Theme of sisterhood.
Ans The powerful narrative of "The Collector of Treasures" highlights the profound
importance of female friendship and solidarity, or sisterhood, as a life-sustaining
force against the cycles of patriarchal oppression and dehumanization that Dikeledi
faces.
Central to this theme is Dikeledi's deep bond with her neighbor Kenalepe, which
blossoms into "one of those deep, affectionate, sharing-everything kind of friendships
that only women know how to have." Their emotional intimacy creates a nurturing
sanctuary where the two can freely confide their "intimate affairs" and find solace in
each other's company amidst their differing marital circumstances.

This sisterhood emerges as a symbolic rebuttal to the fractured family units

enforced by male chauvinistic attitudes like that of Dikeledi's husband Garesego,
who recklessly "abandoned his wife and three sons to their own resources." But her
bond with Kenalepe gives Dikeledi the family love and support that Garesego denied
her. The narration says their friendship is "one of those sharing-everything kind of
friendships that only women know how to have."The sisterhood between the two
women constructs an alternate chosen family structure providing the dignity,
belonging and emotional security denied by their patriarchal realities.

Their sisterhood is built on a foundation of trust, honesty, and selflessness. They

freely discuss their most intimate affairs, sharing their joys, sorrows, and fears
without judgment. This openness strengthens their bond and creates a safe haven
for them to be their true selves.

When Kenalepe faces difficulties during her pregnancy and subsequent miscarriage,
Dikeledi steps in without hesitation, taking care of both households and ensuring that
Kenalepe's needs are met. This act of selfless care and support exemplifies the true
essence of sisterhood – being there for each other through thick and thin.

Their sisterhood transcends the boundaries of traditional gender roles and societal
expectations. In a world where women are often pitted against each other, Dikeledi
and Kenalepe choose to uplift and empower one another. They find strength in their
shared experiences and create a safe space where they can be vulnerable and
authentic.

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Through small acts of kindness like Kenalepe employing Dikeledi for dressmaking
and Dikeledi caring for Kenalepe when sick, their sisterly friendship becomes a
lifeline in the face of male oppression in their society. The story mentions "They did
everything together - forever together at weddings, funerals and parties" - showing
their ritual-like commitment to this chosen sisterhood.

The conversations Dikeledi and Kenalepe have about analyzing male privileges and
sexist attitudes become small acts of defiance. It reasserts their rights as intellectual
equals in a society denying women basic humanity as "lower forms of life."

Most importantly, Dikeledi's friendship with Kenalepe provides her relief from the
extreme loneliness inflicted by Garesego's cruelties. It allows Dikeledi to still
experience kindness, belonging and self-worth as the narration states "She
immersed herself in it and overlooked the barrenness of her own life."

However, even this powerful sisterhood ultimately cannot protect Dikeledi's

humanity once all other support systems like law and family completely fail her
against systemic patriarchal injustice.

In depicting both the uplifting solace yet fragile limits of Dikeledi's bond with
Kenalepe, Bessie Head underscores why such defiant sisterhoods remain vital
lifelines for resisting gender oppression - but need to be backed by reformed societal
structures ensuring justice and equality for all.

● Theme of Motherhood
The theme of motherhood is central to the narrative, exploring the different facets of
a mother's love, sacrifice, and resilience. Dikeledi, the protagonist, embodies the
essence of motherhood through her unwavering devotion to her children and her
determination to provide them with a better life.

From the outset, Dikeledi's role as a mother is presented as a source of strength and
purpose. Despite being abandoned by her husband, Garesego, she remains
steadfast in her commitment to her three sons, Banabothe, Inalame, and Motsomi.
Her every action and decision revolve around ensuring their well-being and securing
their future.

Dikeledi's sacrifices as a mother are evident in her relentless pursuit of work to

support her children. She utilizes her skills in sewing, knitting, and weaving to earn a
living, showcasing her resourcefulness and determination to be a provider. Her
hands, described as "soft, caressing, almost boneless," are not just tools for her craft
but symbols of the nurturing love she extends to her children.

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Motherhood is also depicted as a journey of personal growth and self-discovery for
Dikeledi. Through her friendship with Kenalepe, she finds solace and gains a deeper
understanding of herself as a woman and a mother. Kenalepe's insights into the joys
of intimacy and the importance of tenderness in a relationship offer Dikeledi a
glimpse into a world she had long been deprived of.

Dikeledi's unwavering dedication to her children is exemplified in her efforts to

secure Banabothe's education. Despite financial constraints, she diligently saves
every penny to pay for his secondary school fees, recognizing the transformative
power of education. Her pride in Banabothe's academic achievement is a testament
to her belief in her children's potential and her commitment to nurturing their dreams.

The theme of motherhood is also explored through the contrasting experiences of

Kenalepe and Garesego. Kenalepe's loving and attentive relationship with her
husband, Paul, and their children serves as a foil to Garesego's neglectful and
selfish behavior towards his own family. This contrast highlights the importance of a
supportive and nurturing environment for children to thrive.

Dikeledi's ultimate act of violence against Garesego, while shocking, can be

interpreted as a desperate attempt to protect her children from the toxic influence of
their father's indifference and debauchery. Her decision to sever ties with Garesego
stems from a primal instinct to shield her offspring from harm, both emotional and
physical.

Throughout the narrative, motherhood is portrayed as a sacred duty, a lifelong

commitment that transcends personal desires and societal constraints. Dikeledi's
journey as a mother is a testament to the resilience, strength, and unconditional love
that define the maternal bond.

The theme of motherhood also extends beyond the biological realm, as exemplified
by Paul Thebolo's promise to take Dikeledi's children as his own and provide them
with an education. This act of kindness and acceptance highlights the notion that
motherhood is not exclusively defined by blood ties but by the nurturing and
guidance one provides to children in need.

In simple terms, the story celebrates the power of motherhood and its ability to
transform lives, overcome adversity, and cultivate a sense of hope and purpose. It
reminds us that a mother's love is a force that knows no bounds, capable of
transcending the harshest of circumstances and creating a legacy of resilience and
strength for generations to come.

13
 ● Theme of Freedom and Independence
The story is set against the backdrop of a newly independent nation, which serves as
a powerful metaphor for the characters' pursuit of personal freedom and
independence. Throughout the narrative, various characters grapple with the
concept of independence, both on a societal and individual level.

For Dikeledi, the notion of freedom and independence is intricately tied to her ability
to support herself and her children. Having been abandoned by her husband,
Garesego, she finds herself in a position where she must rely on her own resources
to provide for her family. This situation, though challenging, empowers Dikeledi to
embrace her independence and cultivate a sense of self-reliance.

Dikeledi's independence is further exemplified through her professional endeavors

as a seamstress and craftsperson. Her skills in sewing, knitting, and weaving not
only generate income but also serve as a means of self-expression and personal
fulfillment. By honing her talents and establishing her own business, Dikeledi asserts
her autonomy and defies societal expectations of what a woman's role should be.

The theme of independence is also reflected in Dikeledi's decision to sever ties with
Garesego and reject his attempts to exert control over her life. Despite his efforts to
subjugate her, Dikeledi refuses to be defined by her marital status or societal norms.
Her act of violence against Garesego, while extreme, can be interpreted as a
desperate attempt to secure her freedom from his oppressive influence.

In contrast, Kenalepe's experience with independence is intertwined with her

relationship with her husband, Paul Thebolo. While Kenalepe enjoys a loving and
supportive partnership, her independence is derived from the emotional and financial
security provided by Paul. This dynamic highlights the complexities of independence,
suggesting that true freedom can sometimes be found within the confines of a
healthy and nurturing relationship.

The theme of independence also manifests in the political discourse that permeates
the story. The men in the village, including Paul Thebolo and his colleagues, engage
in passionate debates about the newly independent government and the implications
of freedom for their society. Their discussions underscore the importance of political
independence and the pursuit of self-determination for the nation.

However, the story also presents a cautionary tale about the potential excesses of
independence and freedom. Garesego's descent into debauchery and selfishness is
a stark reminder that freedom without responsibility can lead to destructive
consequences. His disregard for his family and his pursuit of immediate gratification
serve as a counterpoint to the more responsible and measured approach to
independence exemplified by characters like Dikeledi and Paul Thebolo.

14
Throughout the narrative, the theme of freedom and independence is intricately
woven into the characters' personal journeys and the societal changes unfolding
around them. Dikeledi's resilience and determination to forge her own path,
Kenalepe's exploration of emotional independence within her marriage, and the
political discourse surrounding national independence all contribute to a multifaceted
exploration of this theme.

Ultimately, the story suggests that true freedom and independence are not merely
states of being but ongoing processes that require personal growth, responsible
decision-making, and a commitment to fostering healthy relationships and
communities. It serves as a reminder that independence, while a fundamental
human desire, must be balanced with a sense of responsibility and compassion for
others.

● Theme of women empowerment.

The story presents a powerful portrayal of women empowerment, challenging
traditional gender roles and societal expectations. Through the central characters of
Dikeledi and Kenalepe, the narrative explores the multifaceted aspects of female
strength, resilience, and self-determination.

Dikeledi's journey as a single mother, abandoned by her husband, Garesego, serves

as a testament to her unwavering spirit and determination to forge her own path.
Despite the adversities she faces, Dikeledi refuses to be defined by her
circumstances or succumb to societal pressures. Instead, she embraces her
independence and takes control of her life, relying on her skills and hard work to
support herself and her children.

Dikeledi's empowerment is evident in her professional pursuits as a seamstress and

craftsperson. Her ability to turn her talents into a sustainable livelihood not only
provides her with financial independence but also a sense of identity and purpose
beyond her role as a mother. Through her craftsmanship, Dikeledi challenges the
notion that women's lives should be confined to domestic duties, asserting her right
to pursue her passions and contribute to the economic well-being of her family.

The friendship between Dikeledi and Kenalepe represents a powerful bond of

sisterhood that transcends societal norms and gender barriers. Their unwavering
support for one another and their willingness to share their innermost thoughts and
experiences create a safe space for personal growth and empowerment. Kenalepe's
offer to "loan" her husband, Paul, to Dikeledi, while unconventional, reflects a deep
trust and a recognition of Dikeledi's agency as a woman with desires and needs.

Kenalepe herself embodies a different form of women empowerment, one that is

rooted in her loving and supportive relationship with Paul Thebolo. While she finds

15
emotional and financial security within her marriage, Kenalepe exhibits a strong
sense of self-worth and confidence. She is not defined solely by her role as a wife
and mother but as an individual with her own aspirations and desires. Her openness
in discussing intimate matters with Dikeledi challenges the notion that such topics
should be taboo for women.

The theme of women empowerment is further reinforced by the contrast between the
central female characters and the portrayal of men like Garesego. Garesego's selfish
and oppressive behavior toward Dikeledi and his disregard for his familial
responsibilities serve as a reminder of the challenges women often face in
patriarchal societies. His actions, however, only strengthen Dikeledi's resolve and
highlight the importance of female solidarity and self-reliance.

Throughout the story, the women's resilience and strength are celebrated, as they
navigate the complexities of their lives with grace and determination. Dikeledi's
decision to sever ties with Garesego, while extreme, can be interpreted as a
powerful act of self-preservation and a refusal to be subjugated by his oppressive
influence. Her act of violence, though controversial, can be seen as a symbolic
rejection of the societal norms that often silence and subjugate women.

The theme of women empowerment is also reflected in the changing sociopolitical

landscape of the newly independent nation. The country's transition from colonial
rule to self-governance mirrors the characters' personal journeys toward
self-determination and independence. The political debates and discussions among
the men in the village underscore the importance of freedom and autonomy, values
that are equally applicable to the women's pursuit of empowerment and
self-realization.

Ultimately, the story celebrates the multifaceted nature of women empowerment,

recognizing that it can take many forms – through professional accomplishments,
personal relationships, acts of defiance, or quiet acts of resilience. It challenges
traditional gender roles and societal expectations, encouraging women to embrace
their strength, pursue their dreams, and forge their own paths toward
self-actualization.

16
Q. Female solidarity in the story.
Ans. The story presents a powerful depiction of female solidarity through the deep
and unwavering friendship between Dikeledi and Kenalepe. Their bond transcends
the boundaries of traditional relationships and serves as a source of strength,
support, and empowerment for both women.

From the outset, Dikeledi finds herself in a vulnerable position, abandoned by her
husband, Garesego, and left to raise her three sons on her own. However, her
newfound friendship with Kenalepe provides her with a lifeline, offering her a sense
of belonging and a safe space to share her struggles and triumphs.

Kenalepe, with her warm and vibrant personality, embraces Dikeledi wholeheartedly,
recognizing her friend's resilience and determination. Their friendship blossoms into
a profound sisterhood, where they freely discuss their most intimate affairs, share
their fears and hopes, and offer each other unconditional support and understanding.

The depth of their solidarity is exemplified by Kenalepe's generous offer to "loan" her
husband, Paul, to Dikeledi. While unconventional, this gesture highlights the extent
to which Kenalepe is willing to go to support her friend's emotional and physical
needs. It is a testament to the trust and respect that forms the foundation of their
relationship.

Throughout the narrative, Dikeledi and Kenalepe navigate the challenges of their
respective lives together, leaning on each other for strength and guidance. When
Kenalepe experiences a miscarriage and requires hospitalization, Dikeledi steps in
without hesitation, taking care of both households and ensuring that her friend's
needs are met. This act of selfless care and support exemplifies the true essence of
female solidarity – being there for each other through thick and thin, regardless of
personal circumstances.

Their solidarity extends beyond personal matters, as they find solace and
empowerment in their shared experiences as women in a society that often devalues
and marginalizes them. Together, they challenge societal norms and expectations,
creating a space where they can be vulnerable, authentic, and unapologetically
themselves.

The theme of female solidarity is further reinforced by the contrasting portrayal of the
male characters in the story. Garesego's neglectful and selfish behavior toward
Dikeledi serves as a stark reminder of the challenges and injustices that women
often face in patriarchal societies. In contrast, the friendship between Dikeledi and
Kenalepe offers a beacon of hope and resilience, demonstrating the power of female
solidarity in overcoming adversity and finding joy in the face of hardship.

17
Their bond also serves as a counterpoint to the toxic masculinity exhibited by
characters like Garesego, who views women as mere objects for his own
gratification. Dikeledi and Kenalepe's relationship is built on mutual respect, trust,
and a deep understanding of each other's struggles, highlighting the importance of
nurturing relationships that uplift and empower women.

The theme of female solidarity extends beyond the central characters, as evidenced
by the collaborative efforts of the women in the village during the construction of
Thebolo's home. Dikeledi rallies her friends to assist with the erection of the mud
walls and thatching, showcasing the power of collective action and the strength that
comes from women supporting and uplifting one another.

Throughout the narrative, the solidarity between Dikeledi and Kenalepe remains
unwavering, even in the face of Garesego's attempts to undermine and discredit their
friendship. Their bond serves as a source of strength and resilience, enabling them
to navigate the complexities of their lives with grace and determination.

Ultimately, the story celebrates the transformative power of female solidarity,

reminding us that the bonds between women can transcend societal barriers and
personal challenges. It is a poignant reminder that by standing together, supporting
each other, and creating a sisterhood that defies all odds, women can find the
courage and strength to overcome even the most daunting obstacles and forge their
own paths toward self-actualization and empowerment.

Q. Idea of Ancestral Belief.

Ans. The story touches upon the influence of ancestral beliefs and traditions on the
lives of the characters, particularly in the context of the society they live in. These
beliefs, rooted in the cultural heritage of their community, shape their perspectives
and actions in profound ways. The irony is that the colonizers had ruled them for
some years but their ancestral beliefs are dominantly ruling them over the years till
now.
One of the central aspects of ancestral beliefs explored in the story is the
concept of gender roles and the status of women within the society. The narrator
explicitly states that the ancestors of the tribe regarded women as "an inferior form of
human life." This belief has had far-reaching consequences, leading to the
subjugation and devaluation of women in their community.

Dikeledi's experiences are a testament to the impact of these ancestral beliefs. She
is treated as a servant in her uncle's household, denied the opportunity for further
education, and forced into a marriage with Garesego, not out of love or choice, but
as a means to escape her oppressive circumstances. Her husband's mistreatment of
her and his disregard for her well-being are reflective of the patriarchal attitudes
ingrained in the society through ancestral traditions.

18
However, the story also depicts the gradual erosion of these traditional beliefs in the
face of societal changes brought about by colonialism and, later, independence. The
narrator notes that the colonial era and the period of migratory labor to South African
mines "broke the hold of the ancestors" and disrupted the traditional family structure.

This shift is further exemplified by the contrasting attitudes and behaviors of

characters like Paul Thebolo and Garesego. Paul, a more modern and progressive
figure, challenges the traditional gender norms by treating Dikeledi with respect and
recognizing her as an equal. His willingness to support her children and provide
them with an education stands in stark contrast to the neglectful and oppressive
behavior of Garesego, who remains entrenched in the patriarchal mindset of the
ancestors.
The political discourse among the men in the village, particularly their
debates about the newly independent government and the implications of freedom,
also hints at the changing societal landscape and the potential for breaking away
from the constraints of ancestral beliefs. The story suggests that the characters are
navigating a transitional period, where the traditional ways of life are being
challenged by new ideas and perspectives.

Despite the erosion of these beliefs, the story also acknowledges the enduring
influence of ancestral traditions on the characters' lives. Dikeledi's name, which
means "tears" and is a reflection of her mother's grief at the time of her birth, is a
poignant reminder of the weight of cultural heritage and the ways in which it shapes
individual identities.

Furthermore, the rituals and routines depicted in the story, such as the preparation of
meals, the sharing of stories, and the collective efforts in constructing Thebolo's
home, are rooted in the ancestral traditions of the community. These practices serve
as a source of comfort and continuity, even as the society undergoes profound
changes.
The theme of ancestral beliefs is also explored through the contrasting
perspectives of the characters themselves. While Garesego represents the more
oppressive and regressive aspects of these beliefs, Dikeledi and Kenalepe embody
a more nuanced and adaptive approach. They acknowledge the importance of their
cultural heritage while also embracing the possibility of change and progress.

Overall, the story presents a nuanced exploration of the role of ancestral beliefs in
shaping the lives of the characters and their society. It highlights the ways in which
these beliefs have been both a source of oppression and a source of strength. By
depicting the gradual erosion of these beliefs and the emergence of new
perspectives, the story suggests that while ancestral traditions hold significance, they
are not static or immutable, and can be challenged and reshaped to better align with
the evolving needs of the community.

19
Q. Gender roles and conditions of women.
Ans. The story presents a poignant and nuanced portrayal of the condition of women
and the deeply ingrained gender roles that shape their lived experiences within the
society depicted. Through the central characters of Dikeledi and Kenalepe, the
narrative explores the multifaceted challenges and oppressive structures that women
often face, while also celebrating their resilience, strength, and acts of defiance
against societal norms.

From the outset, the story establishes the subordinate position of women in this
society, rooted in the ancestral beliefs that regarded them as "an inferior form of
human life." This belief system has had far-reaching consequences, subjugating
women and denying them equal opportunities and autonomy.

Dikeledi's experiences serve as a powerful illustration of the oppressive nature of

gender roles and societal expectations. As a young woman, she is treated as a
servant in her uncle's household, denied access to education beyond a certain point,
and forced into a loveless marriage with Garesego, not out of choice but as a means
of escaping her oppressive circumstances.

Her husband, Garesego, embodies the toxic masculinity and patriarchal attitudes
that permeate the society. His abandonment of Dikeledi and their children, his
infidelity, and his disregard for her well-being reflect the deeply entrenched belief that
men hold a superior position and can treat women as mere objects for their own
gratification.

Despite these challenges, Dikeledi exhibits remarkable resilience and determination,

finding strength in her role as a mother and her ability to provide for her children
through her skills as a seamstress and craftsperson. Her friendship with Kenalepe
also serves as a lifeline, offering her a safe space to share her struggles and find
solace in the bonds of female solidarity.

Kenalepe's experience presents a different perspective on the condition of women

and gender roles. While she enjoys a loving and supportive relationship with her
husband, Paul Thebolo, her independence and agency are derived from the
emotional and financial security provided by her partner. This dynamic highlights the
complexities of gender roles, suggesting that true empowerment can sometimes be
found within the confines of a healthy and nurturing relationship.

However, Kenalepe's openness in discussing intimate matters with Dikeledi and her
willingness to challenge societal norms, such as her offer to "loan" Paul to her friend,
demonstrate her defiance of traditional gender roles and expectations. Their
friendship serves as a powerful counterpoint to the oppressive societal structures,
creating a space where they can embrace their agency and assert their identities as
women.

20
The contrast between the central female characters and the portrayal of men like
Garesego further underscores the challenges women face in navigating a patriarchal
society. Garesego's selfish and oppressive behavior, his disregard for his familial
responsibilities, and his objectification of women serve as a stark reminder of the
systemic injustices and gender-based violence that women often endure.

Additionally, the story touches upon the impact of societal changes, such as
colonialism and the country's newfound independence, on the condition of women
and gender roles. The narrator notes that these historical events "broke the hold of
the ancestors" and disrupted traditional family structures, hinting at the potential for
challenging and redefining gender norms.

The political discourse among the men in the village, particularly their debates about
freedom and autonomy, also raises questions about the extent to which these ideals
apply to women and their pursuit of empowerment and self-determination.

Throughout the narrative, the theme of women's resilience and agency is woven
through the actions and decisions of characters like Dikeledi and Kenalepe.
Dikeledi's decision to sever ties with Garesego, while extreme, can be interpreted as
a powerful act of self-preservation and a rejection of the societal norms that
subjugate and oppress women.

Ultimately, the story presents a nuanced and multifaceted exploration of the

condition of women and gender roles within the society depicted. While
acknowledging the oppressive structures and deeply ingrained patriarchal attitudes,
it also celebrates the strength, resilience, and acts of defiance exhibited by the
central female characters. Their stories serve as a reminder of the ongoing struggle
for gender equality and the importance of challenging societal norms that perpetuate
the marginalization and subjugation of women.

21
Q. Significance of castration episode.
Ans. The castration of Garesego Mokopi by his wife Dikeledi is a shocking and
brutal act that serves as a pivotal moment in the story. This episode holds deep
symbolic significance, highlighting themes of female empowerment, resistance
against oppression, and the reclamation of agency in a society that often subjugates
and devalues women.

On a surface level, Dikeledi's act of violence can be seen as a form of retribution

against Garesego's years of neglect, infidelity, and emotional abuse. By severing his
genitals, she is symbolically stripping him of the very instrument of his toxic
masculinity and oppressive behavior. This act represents a reclamation of power and
a rejection of the societal norms that have enabled men like Garesego to treat
women as mere objects for their own gratification.
However, the significance of this episode extends far beyond the realm of personal
vengeance. It serves as a powerful metaphor for the broader struggle of women in
this society, who have been forced to endure the weight of patriarchal oppression
and the dehumanizing effects of being regarded as "an inferior form of human life."

Dikeledi's decision to castrate Garesego can be interpreted as a radical act of

defiance against the ancestral beliefs and traditions that have perpetuated the
subjugation of women. By literally dismembering the physical embodiment of male
dominance, she is symbolically challenging the very foundations of the patriarchal
system that has oppressed her and countless other women.

The castration episode also highlights the extent to which Dikeledi has reclaimed her
agency and self-determination. Throughout the story, she has exhibited remarkable
resilience and strength, finding solace in her role as a mother, her friendship with
Kenalepe, and her ability to support herself through her skills. However, the act of
castration represents a decisive moment where she refuses to be a passive victim
any longer and takes matters into her own hands, regardless of the consequences.

The brutality of the act itself serves as a stark reminder of the depths of pain and
anguish that women like Dikeledi have endured within this oppressive society. Her
methodical preparation and the precision with which she carries out the castration
suggest a level of deliberation and determination that has been forged through years
of suffering and marginalization.

Furthermore, the castration episode challenges traditional notions of femininity and

the societal expectations placed upon women. By engaging in an act of extreme
violence, Dikeledi subverts the stereotypical portrayal of women as nurturing,
passive, and non-confrontational. Her actions disrupt the established gender roles
and assert her agency as a woman who is capable of taking matters into her own
hands when pushed to the brink.

22
The aftermath of the castration, particularly the reaction of the community and the
legal implications, is not explicitly explored in the story. However, this lack of
resolution allows the reader to ponder the broader societal implications of Dikeledi's
act and the potential consequences she may face for challenging the established
order.

Ultimately, the castration episode serves as a powerful metaphor for the ongoing
struggle for gender equality and the dismantling of oppressive patriarchal systems. It
represents a turning point in Dikeledi's journey, where she sheds the shackles of
victimhood and asserts her agency as a woman who refuses to be defined by the
limitations imposed upon her by society. While the act itself is undoubtedly extreme
and controversial, it carries a profound symbolic weight, highlighting the depths of
anguish and resilience that women like Dikeledi have endured and the lengths to
which they will go to reclaim their humanity and dignity in the face of oppression.

● Character sketch
Dikeledi Mokopi is a central character in "The Collector of Treasures," a short story
by Bessie Head. She is a complex character who embodies the strength and
resilience of women facing oppressive circumstances. This character sketch will
explore Dikeledi's personality, background, motivations, relationships, and the
significance of her role in the story.

Background and Personal History

Dikeledi is a middle-aged woman who has experienced significant hardship and
suffering in her life. She lives in a rural area in Botswana, a place where traditional
gender roles and cultural expectations heavily influence people's lives. Dikeledi's
marriage is a central focus of the story, and it's through her relationship with her
husband, Garesego, that we learn about her struggles.

Dikeledi's name, which means "tears" in Setswana, hints at the sadness and pain
that define her life. She has been in an abusive marriage, enduring neglect and
emotional trauma. Her husband, Garesego, is unfaithful and shows little regard for
her well-being. This abusive environment has a profound impact on Dikeledi,
shaping her worldview and driving her actions.

Personality and Character Traits

Dikeledi is a quiet and reserved woman. She doesn't speak much, but her silence
hides a depth of emotion and inner strength. Despite the abuse she suffers, Dikeledi
remains calm and composed, even when faced with challenging situations. Her quiet
demeanor can be mistaken for passivity, but it actually reflects her capacity to
endure pain without outwardly showing it.

23
One of Dikeledi's defining traits is her determination. She knows she deserves better
than the life she's living, and she takes steps to change her situation. This
determination eventually leads her to commit a shocking act, showing that beneath
her calm exterior, she has a strong will and is capable of taking drastic measures to
protect herself.

Relationships and Connections

Dikeledi's relationship with her husband, Garesego, is the source of much of her
suffering. He is abusive and neglectful, treating her with disrespect and disregard.
Despite his mistreatment, Dikeledi doesn't react outwardly or confront him directly.
This might suggest that she is accustomed to enduring hardship and has learned to
keep her feelings hidden.

However, Dikeledi finds comfort and support in her relationships with other women,
particularly her friend Kenalepe. The bond between Dikeledi and Kenalepe is a
crucial element of the story, illustrating the theme of sisterhood and the strength that
women find in each other. Kenalepe provides a listening ear and emotional support,
helping Dikeledi cope with her difficult circumstances. This friendship underscores
the importance of sisterhood and the role it plays in Dikeledi's life.

Motivations and Actions

Dikeledi's primary motivation is to escape the abusive cycle of her marriage and find
a better life for herself and her children. She recognizes that Garesego's behavior is
destructive, and she is determined to protect herself and her family. This leads her to
take drastic action, ultimately deciding to kill her husband to end the abuse.

While this act is extreme, it is a reflection of Dikeledi's desperation and the lack of
options available to her. In a society where women have limited rights and legal
recourse, Dikeledi's decision is an act of resistance against an oppressive system.
Her actions underscore the harsh reality many women face when they are trapped in
abusive relationships with no clear way out.

Significance and Impact

Dikeledi's character is significant because she represents the struggle and resilience
of women in patriarchal societies. Her story highlights the themes of abuse, gender
inequality, and the harsh realities many women endure. Through Dikeledi, Bessie
Head explores the impact of oppression on women and the lengths they might go to
reclaim their autonomy and dignity.

Dikeledi's character also serves as a critique of societal norms that allow abuse and
discrimination to persist. Her story challenges traditional power structures and calls
for a reexamination of gender roles and the treatment of women. In this way,
Dikeledi's actions, while extreme, are a catalyst for broader discussions about justice
and equality.

24
Conclusion
Dikeledi Mokopi is a compelling character who encapsulates the strength and
resilience of women facing oppressive circumstances. Her quiet demeanor and
determination reflect a deep well of courage and resolve. Despite enduring abuse
and neglect, she finds support in sisterhood and ultimately takes action to protect
herself and her family. Through Dikeledi's story, Bessie Head explores themes of
gender inequality and resistance, encouraging readers to think about the challenges
women face and the need for change.

● Kenalepe
Kenalepe Theoblo is a significant character in Bessie Head's "The Collector of
Treasures." She plays a pivotal role in supporting Dikeledi Mokopi, the story's
protagonist, as she navigates the struggles and challenges of her difficult marriage.
This character sketch explores Kenalepe's personality, her relationship with Dikeledi,
her motivations, and her importance within the story.

Personality and Traits

Kenalepe is a warm, compassionate, and caring woman. She embodies the spirit of
sisterhood and represents the idea of women supporting one another in a world
where they often face discrimination and oppression. Her kindness and empathy
make her a natural friend and confidant to Dikeledi, who needs someone to talk to
and understand her struggles.

Kenalepe is also practical and down-to-earth. She knows that life can be hard for
women, especially those who are in abusive or unhappy marriages. Despite these
challenges, she maintains a positive outlook and tries to offer helpful advice to
others. This balance of empathy and practicality makes Kenalepe a reliable and
trustworthy friend.

Relationship with Dikeledi Mokopi

Kenalepe's relationship with Dikeledi is at the heart of "The Collector of Treasures."
She is Dikeledi's closest friend and confidant, providing a safe space for Dikeledi to
share her feelings and concerns. Their bond is a strong example of sisterhood and
the support that women can offer each other when facing difficult circumstances.

Kenalepe is always there for Dikeledi, whether it's to lend an ear or offer practical
advice. She understands the difficulties Dikeledi faces with her husband, Garesego,
and encourages her to stay strong. Kenalepe's support gives Dikeledi the courage to
take action and make important decisions about her future.

25
Motivations and Beliefs
Kenalepe believes in the power of sisterhood and the importance of standing by
each other. She knows that life can be challenging for women in their society, where
traditional gender roles and cultural expectations can be restrictive. Kenalepe's
motivation is to create a sense of community and support among women, ensuring
that they don't feel alone in their struggles.

She is also motivated by a desire to see women live fulfilling lives, free from abuse
and oppression. This belief drives her to be a supportive friend and to offer guidance
when needed. Kenalepe's compassion and empathy come from a place of shared
experience and a deep understanding of the hardships women face.

Kenalepe's Significance in the Story

Kenalepe's character plays an important role in highlighting the theme of sisterhood
in "The Collector of Treasures." Her friendship with Dikeledi demonstrates how
women can find strength in each other, even when the world around them is harsh
and unforgiving. Kenalepe's support helps Dikeledi cope with her abusive marriage
and ultimately find the courage to break free.

Kenalepe's presence in the story also serves as a critique of societal norms that
perpetuate gender inequality. By showing the importance of sisterhood, Bessie Head
suggests that women can challenge oppressive systems by forming strong bonds
and supporting one another. Kenalepe's compassion and encouragement are a
source of hope in a story that explores difficult themes.

Conclusion
Kenalepe Theoblo is a caring, empathetic, and practical character in "The Collector
of Treasures." Her close friendship with Dikeledi Mokopi underscores the theme of
sisterhood and the power of women supporting one another. Through her
compassion and encouragement, Kenalepe provides Dikeledi with the strength to
face her challenges and ultimately make bold decisions about her future. Kenalepe's
role in the story illustrates the significance of sisterhood in a world where women
often face discrimination and oppression. Her character serves as a reminder that
even in difficult times, friendship and support can make all the difference.

26
 ● Paul Theoblo
Paul Thebolo is a character in Bessie Head's "The Collector of Treasures," a short
story that explores themes of gender roles, social expectations, and the impact of
abuse on women in Botswana. In this story, Paul is a minor character who plays a
crucial role in understanding the dynamics of relationships and community in the
broader narrative. Here is a character sketch of Paul Thebolo, detailing his
personality, relationships, and significance within the story.

Personality and Traits

Paul Thebolo is a kind-hearted and compassionate man. He is presented as
someone who believes in fairness and justice, standing out in a setting where gender
inequality and male chauvinism are common. Unlike many of the male characters in
the story, Paul treats women with respect and understands the hardships they face.

Paul's gentle nature and empathy make him a well-liked member of the community.
He is a character who seeks to help others and acts as a counterbalance to the
negative male influences in the story. His actions and attitudes reflect a different way
of being a man, one that values equality and compassion.

Relationships and Role in the Story

Paul's most significant relationship is with Kenalepe, his wife. Their marriage is
presented as a healthy and supportive partnership, contrasting with the abusive
relationships depicted elsewhere in the story. Paul and Kenalepe's relationship is
based on mutual respect, open communication, and genuine care for each other.
This relationship serves as a positive example for the other characters,
demonstrating that it is possible to have a loving and equitable marriage.

In "The Collector of Treasures," Paul plays a supporting role, but his actions have a
significant impact on the narrative. He offers comfort and advice to Dikeledi, a
woman who has endured abuse and neglect from her husband. Paul's willingness to
help Dikeledi reflects his understanding of the struggles women face and his desire
to make a difference in his community.

Significance and Impact

Paul Thebolo's character is significant because he represents a different model of
masculinity. In a setting where male chauvinism and abuse are prevalent, Paul's
kindness and empathy stand out. He challenges the traditional expectations of men
in his community by treating women as equals and offering support when they need
it most.

Paul's positive influence extends beyond his relationship with Kenalepe. His support
for Dikeledi demonstrates that men can play a role in helping women overcome
difficult situations. By providing guidance and assistance, Paul contributes to the
theme of solidarity and shows that change is possible in a patriarchal society.

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 ● Garesego Mokopi
Garesego Mokopi is an important character in Bessie Head's short story "The
Collector of Treasures." He is the husband of Dikeledi Mokopi, and his behavior and
personality are central to the story's themes of abuse and gender inequality. This
character sketch will examine his personality, actions, relationships, and the
significance of his role in the story.

Personality and Character Traits

Garesego is portrayed as a harsh, selfish, and abusive man. He represents the toxic
masculinity and male chauvinism that are common in patriarchal societies. He is
inconsiderate, lacks empathy, and treats his wife, Dikeledi, with disrespect and
cruelty.
He is unfaithful, which indicates his disregard for his marriage and the
feelings of his wife. He doesn't seem to care about the consequences of his actions,
showing a lack of responsibility and a sense of entitlement. This attitude reflects the
broader societal problem of male dominance and how some men believe they can
do whatever they want without facing consequences.

Actions and Behavior :Garesego's actions demonstrate his abusive nature. He is

neglectful towards Dikeledi, leaving her to take care of their home and children on
her own while he is off with other women. His infidelity not only causes emotional
pain for Dikeledi but also shows his lack of commitment and integrity.

He also exhibits violence and aggression, reinforcing his role as an oppressor. This
behavior creates a hostile and unsafe environment for Dikeledi, contributing to her
feeling trapped and powerless. Garesego's abuse is a significant reason for the
extreme action that Dikeledi eventually takes to protect herself and her family.

Relationships and Impact: Garesego's relationship with Dikeledi is unhealthy and

toxic. His abusive behavior leaves her isolated and vulnerable, with few options to
escape her difficult circumstances. The dynamic between them reflects the broader
issue of gender inequality, where women like Dikeledi have little or no legal recourse
against abusive husbands.
Garesego's impact on the story is significant because he represents the
oppressive forces that women face in a male-dominated society. His behavior is not
just an individual problem; it points to a systemic issue where men are given power
and control over women, often leading to abuse and injustice.

Significance and Role in the Story: Garesego's role in "The Collector of

Treasures" is to illustrate the destructive effects of male chauvinism and abuse. His
character is a catalyst for Dikeledi's drastic action, which ultimately reflects her
desperation and need to escape the cycle of abuse. The story uses Garesego's
behavior to critique societal norms that allow men to mistreat women without
accountability.

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