REPHRASING EXERCISES 2º BACHILLERATO

ACTIVE AND PASSIVE VOICES:

 Infinitivo Activo > Pasivo
I don’t like people to criticise me (I don’t like to…)
He expects us to pay him for the CDs (He expects to ...)
Helen expects me to invite her (Helen expects …)
I want Oxford University to accept me (… by Oxford University)
I am waiting for the manager to help me (be)
There is nothing more to do
 OI Activo > Sujeto Pasivo
My parents sent me to an English-speaking school (I…)
Sally’s parents gave her a computer for her birthday (Sally…)
My mother didn’t let me stay in the country (I…)
 OI Activo > Sujeto Pasivo en Estructura “Acusativo + Infinitivo”
I expect Sally to arrive at 5 (Sally is…)
 People think she is a good singer (She…)
People consider him to be a genious (He is…)
They say that GS is giving a concert next month (GS is…)
People expect that the President will resign (The President…)
Cindy Crawford is said to be very attractive (People say…)
 Verbos Preposicionales
Thieves broke into our house (Our house…)
I will hand in this essay before Monday (This essay…)
 Pasiva > Activa
Temperature is measured by a thermometer (A thermometer…)
Children were prohibited from speaking Spanish (They…)
Problems of old age can be alleviated by encouraging … (Encouraging…)
E. Sánchez was arrested, imprisoned and tortured in 1974
 Verbos Modales en Pasiva
Doctors will have to convince Americans to eat less (Americans…)
To attempt a full definition of culture we would need a book (A book…)
Language science will enable us to withstand extreme theories (We…)
Only from the air can one see Windsor Castle (Windsor Castle…)
She couldn’t afford the Persian cat (The Persian cat…)
They ought to mend the roof (The roof…)
You must water the plants at least once a week (The plants…)
 Bedini has just published his discovery (Bedini’s discovery…)
George has already phoned Tamy (Tamy…)
No state barred Spanish instruction
CONNECTORS:

 As Well As
Gorillas are intelligent. They are also very strong (as well as)
He plays the guitar and he also writes songs (As well as…)
 Both, Neither
Pam has a dog. Don has a dog too (Both…)
Mary couldn’t lift the stone and Joe couldn’t either (Neither…)
 Tiempo
First he did a climbing course. Then he climbed the Everest (After…)
We flew to Athens, and then we took the ferry to Crete (After…)
I spent 6 years at Secondary School and then I went to Uni (After…)
The staff were taught and then the project began (The project didn’t
begin until … had been taught…)
We finished our work. Then we went to the cinema (Once…)
The farmer started his tractor and began to plough the field ( When…)
She finished writing her book and then published it (When…)
Bill had no money left at the end of his holiday ( By…)
We arrived late at the wedding. The ceremony had began ( By the
time…)
During our meal we discussed what to do at the weekend ( While…)
During her husband’s absence she was very lonely (While…)
During my time at University I made a lot of friends (While…)
The alarm went off in the middle of her phone conversation (While…)
 Concesivas
There was a terrible traffic jam. He arrived on time ( Although …)
He searched everywhere, but he couldn’t find the ticket (Although...)
Most animals survived the hard winter (Even though…)
Despite the age of the house, we managed to sell it (Although…)
Despite the doctor’s advice, he played football last week (Even though…)
Although he has an English name, he is in fact German ( Despite…)
Although her friends advised her not to do it, she would not listen
(Despite…)
Although MN is very famous in Spain, she isn’t widely known abroad (In
spite of…)
We lost the match although we were the better team (Despite…)
We all enjoyed the walk, even though it rained heavily (In spite of…)
The dog barked all night, but we still managed to sleep (Despite…)
He is extremely rich, but very mean (In spite of…)
Mrs. Jones is 70, but she still goes for a run every day (In spite of…)
SS is unattractive, but he is a film star (In spite of…)
She accepted the job. The salary was very low (Despite …)
 RELATIVE CLAUSES:

 DEFINING
I bought some red wine. It tasted like ink (The red wine…)
He made a promise. He didn’t keep it (… the promise…)
You heard a noise. It must have been the wind (The noise…)
I waved to a man. He is my manager (The man…)
We saw an actor on TV. What’s his name? (… of the actor…?)
You lent me a pen. I’m afraid I’ve lost it (… the pen…)
The river is very deep. The river runs by my house (The river…)
The bus leaves at 7. My sister is too late to catch it (My sister is…)
He tells jokes. I don’t like them (… the jokes…)
You wrote a letter. It never arrived (The letter…)
John sent Mary some flowers. She liked them (… the flowers…)
She met a man at a dance. She fell in love with him (… a man…)
That is the man. My best friend is going out with him (That is the man…)
 NON-DEFINING
This author is now very popular. Nobody read him 20 years ago
This book costs $4. I paid only 2 cents for it
Torture is inhuman. It was normal in Chile during Pinochet’s regime
My bicycle has been stolen. I left it there (My bike,…)
His evidence was proved to be false. No one doubted it at the time
My son starts school in September. He will be 5 years old next month
Your new flatmate used to be my best friend. He works in that office
Mary had been driving all day. She was tired
Mr. Smith died last week. He used to live next door to us
The Liverpool Express was late. It should have arrived at 3
The Titanic was the largest ship ever made. It had a length of 300 m
He grows flowers in his garden. He sells most of them
The lorry crashed into a house. It was carrying a heavy load
A relative has just left me money. I never met him
 WHOSE
This is Mr. Jones. His company exports to France (This is Mr. Jones, …)
That man’s daughter has an original Picasso painting (That is…)
That woman’s son used to go to school with me (That is the woman…)
The teacher is very pleased. His students passed the test successfully
(The teacher…)
 WHERE - WHEN
That is the office I work in (That is the office …)
I study English in that school (That is the school…)
This is the house. My grandmother was born in it (This is…)
That is the gym. We used to practise aerobics there (That is the gym…)
He never forgot that bad meeting with Alice (…the bad day when…)
I WISH

 PRESENTE (Pasado Simple)

If only I had my family around me (I wish … alone right now)
If only this job paid more (I wish I …)
I wish I looked better (If only ……. such a mess)
It is a pity you are not here (If only you …….)
I really want him to stop gambling (I wish …)
I’m too young to vote (I wish…)
Ana doesn’t understand how I feel (I wish ….)
You never brush your teeth after meals (I wish…)
 PASADO (Pasado Perfecto)
I’m sorry I argued with my friend yesterday (I wish …..)
I’m sorry that I didn’t finish my homework last night (I wish…)
I would have gone to the concert, but I didn’t have a ticket (I wish…)
It was a pity she didn’t insure the radio (She wishes…)
She should have called her parents earlier (I wish …)
 FUTURO (Condicional Simple)
I would like to be a hero in the future (I wish…)
People like Torrente shouldn’t exist (We wish people like Torrente…)
CONDITIONAL SENTENCES:
 If … not > Unless
If they are not protected, the gorillas will soon disappear (Unless…)
If he doesn’t work harder, he will lose his job (Unless…)
If you don’t invite them, they won’t come (Unless...)
If you don’t study harder, you will fail in English (Unless…)
We’ll miss the train if we don’t hurry (Unless…)
You will be ill if you continue to smoke (Unless…)
I need a grant in order to study at university (I won’t…)
We must go or we’ll be late (If we…)
 If
People burn coal in their homes, so the air is polluted (If …)
He doesn’t like his job, so he isn’t happy (If…)
She doesn’t do her homework, so she doesn’t get good marks (If…)
I can’t speak French, so I’m not going to live in France (If…)
He didn’t wear gloves, so the police caught him (If he…)
They didn’t follow the maps, so they got lost (If…)
 In my opinion >If I were you :
In my opinion, you should join a gym (If I …)
In my opinion, you ought to rest for a few days (If I…)
I advise you to look him straight in the eye (If I…)
My advice to you is to call the police (If I…)
My advice is: Take the train (If I…)
You’d better not touch that button (If I…)
PAST SIMPLE + LAST, AGO > PRESENT PERFECT + FOR, SINCE:

 FIRST, LAST
The last time it rained was in March (… since March)
The last time I had a job interview was 5 years ago (for)
I last heard from him in July (I haven’t…)
I haven’t been to a museum since Easter (The last time…)
I first met Dan in 1980 and we are still good friends (Dan and I have…)
I have never been to the ballet before (It is…)
This fruit is a new experience (It is the first…)
 He learned how to sing when he was small (He has…)
I played tennis when I was a young boy (I haven’t…)
She learnt to speak English 4 years ago (She has…)
David bought the car some time ago and he still has it (for some time)
I haven’t been to the cinema for ages (It is…)
I haven’t had a holiday for ages (It is…)
“Friends” has been on TV for 5 years (It is 5 years…)
* The post arrived 2 minutes ago (just)
* When did you first get to know her? (How long…?)
SO - SUCH

 SO > SUCH
His life is so dull (such)
The weather was so warm that I didn’t need a coat (It was such…)
The lesson was so boring that she fell asleep (It was such…)
The weather was so lovely that we went out for the day (It was such…)
The film was so exciting (It was such…)
Silvia is so beautiful that she could be a model (Silvia is such…)
The book was so interesting (It was such…)
The weather was so bad that we couldn’t go sailing (The weather was not…)
TOO - ENOUGH

 TOO > ENOUGH

He can’t reach that shelf. He is too short (enough)
The cat can’t catch the mice. They run too fast (The mice…)
The weather is too bad for camping (enough)
The town was too small to be marked on the map (The town wasn’t…)
He speaks too quickly for me to understand (He doesn’t speak…)
MODAL VERBS

A) Modales Perfectos
 He isn’t here. Perhaps he went out (He must ………)
Nobody has come to the race (The race must ……)
Our car looks so clean and shining (It must ……….)
I’m sure the decision was difficult to accept (The decision must…)
 I told you to slow down, but you didn’t (You should …)
Driving fast in town was a stupid thing to do (You shouldn’t …)
It was a mistake to apply for that job (I shouldn’t …)
It was wrong of her to punish that child (She shouldn’t…)
 The police are stopping drivers on the road (There may …)
It’s possible that she has already told him (She may…)
It’s possible that Alberto tried to call you (Alberto may/might …)
 You had enough money, but still you didn’t pay the bill (You could ……..)
 I don’t believe he stole the money (He can’t …..)
I’m sure he didn’t say that (He can’t…)

B) Modales Simples
 I’m sure he isn’t Spanish (He can’t...)
It isn’t possible for me to see you tonight (I can’t…)
 Is it necessary for me to pay for my ticket now? (Do I have to…?)
 There is no need to walk. John will give us a lift (We needn’t…)
Special qualifications are not necessary (You needn’t…)
 You must not smoke in here (Smoking…)
 Maybe my boyfriend is coming to see me tonight (My boyfriend…)

COMPARATIVES - SUPERLATIVES:

 Mum doesn’t speak English as well as Dad (Dad speaks…)

David didn’t enjoy the film as much as Anne (Anne…)
 Apples are cheaper than oranges (Apples are not…)
His canary sings better than mine (My canary doesn’t sing…)
The gazelle runs the fastest animal in the world (No animal runs…)
 Is this the cheapest food you’ve got? (Have you got…?)
 I don’t have a bigger problem than pronunciation (My…)
I have never seen a dirtier-looking dog (This is…)
Students are always busier in June than in any other month (June…)
MISCELÁNEA

 She paints really well (good at)

 Simple questions cannot be answered simply and shortly (…. way)
 They are learning to ski (lessons)
 Celebrities brighten our lives (make)
 This kind of activity bores me (I’m bored…)
 The firemen managed to rescue them (The firemen were…)
 An occult quality distinguishes man from animals (What…)
Culture is transmitted through parents (It is through parents …)
 I like westerns more than thrillers (I prefer…)
She prefers staying at home to going to the cinema (She’d rather…)
I like travelling by train more than going by air (I’d rather…)
It is better if we cook instead of eating out (I’d rather…)
 He is a talented footballer and an excellent tennis player as well (Not only…)
 Our boss insisted that we all wore a uniform (Our boss made…)
 His flat is still for sale (Nobody…)
The radio is still broken (The radio hasn’t…)
People don’t live in the castle any more (The castle used…)
 Few of our friends were there (Not many…)
I don’t know much about computers (I know…)
 SAXON GENITIVE: This house belongs to the Johnsons (This is …)
The son of Mr. and Mrs. Smith is at home (Mr. …)
CAUSATIVE HAVE:

 The chapel was decorated by Italian artists (The King…)

 The garage is servicing my car on Monday (I am…)

INFINITIVES AND GERUNDS:

 The policeman told us to put locks on the door (He suggested...)

I advise you not to go there (avoid )
I’m sorry I didn’t ring you (He apologised…)
I am really sorry I forgot your birthday (I’d like…)
I’m sorry I spent so much money (I regret…)
I feel that it was a mistake to write the letter (I regret…)
I’m sure that I paid for that coffee (remember)
 Knowing English is useful (It is…)
Driving a car is fun (It is fun…)
 I can’t play the piano very well (I am not…)
 Do you want to book a holiday? (Are you interested …?)
He really wants to get this job (interested)
Have you ever wanted to become a model? (considered)
QUESTIONS FOR THE UNDERLINED WORDS:
 SUJETO
Paul collected the rubbish
Pinochet has remained under police guard
 OD
I met Tom in the street
The robbers planned to rob a bank
 OI
I’m waiting here for Mary
I’m going to apend all my money on clothes
 CAUSA
He hasn’t phoned because her phone is out of order
We couldn’t go out because there were riots in the city
 LUGAR
They are going to spend their holidays in England
They will leave the baby at the police department
 TIEMPO
The next train leaves at 7.30
I have studied English for 2 years
 MODO
I go to work by train
I did my homework carefully