Each of the following organs is a component of the digestive tract, EXCEPT the
a) stomach
b) pharynx
c) esophagus
d) bladder
e) colon
d) bladder
Which of the following is an accessory organ of digestion?
a) appendix
b) pancreas
c) spleen
d) colon
e) esophagus
b) pancreas
Digestion refers to the
a) progressive dehydration of indigestible residue
b) mechanical breakdown of food
c) chemical breakdown of food
d) mechanical and chemical breakdown of food
e) all of the above
d) mechanical and chemical breakdown of food
Which of the following is NOT a function of the digestive system?
a) mechanical processing
b) absorption
c) compaction
d) ingestion
e) filtration
e) filtration
Waves of muscular contractions that propel the contents of the digestive tract are called
a) segmentation
b) pendular movements
c) peristalsis
d) churning movements
e) mastication
c) peristalsis
The lamina propria and mucous epithelium are components of the
a) serosa
b) adventitia
c) muscularis mucosa
d) mucosa
e) submucosa
d) mucosa
The _____ are double sheets of peritoneal membrane that suspend the visceral organs and carry nerves, lymphatics,
and blood vessels.
a) serosa
b) adventitia
c) mesenteries
d) fibrosa
e) lamina propria
c) mesenteries
What organ is primarily responsible for water absorption? a) pancreas
b) esophagus
c) large intestine
d) stomach
e) anus
c) large intestine
Which of the following contains adipose tissue and provides padding for the anterior and lateral portions of the
abdomen?
a) falciform ligament
b) greater omentum
c) mesentery proper
d) lesser omentum
e) diaphragm
b) greater omentum
Contraction of the _____ layer of the intestinal wall functions to change the shape of the intestinal lumen and moves
food through its length.
a) submucosa
b) adventitia
c) serosa
d) mucosa
e) muscularis
e) muscularis
A stratified squamous epithelial lining can be found in the
a) oral cavity
b) oropharynx
c) anal canal
d) esophagus
e) all of the above
e) all of the above
Salivary amylase functions to digest
a) carbohydrates
b) cellulose
c) proteins
d) nucleic acids
e) lipids
a) carbohydrates
_____ pair(s) of salivary glands secrete into the oral cavity.
a) one
b) three
c) five
d) two
e) four
b) three
The _____ gland empties into the upper regions of the oral cavity.
a) parotid
b) submaxillary
c) submandibular
d) sublingual
e) vestibular
a) parotid
Functions of the tongue include
a) manipulation of food
b) mechanical processing of food
c) sensory analysis of food
d) A and B only
e) all of the above
e) all of the above
The lateral walls of the oral cavity are formed by the
a) gingival
b) pharynx
c) cheeks
d) vestibule
e) tongue
c) cheeks
The space between the cheeks and the teeth is called the
a) epiglottis
b) vestibule
c) cheek
d) larynx
e) pharynx
b) vestibule
The first place chemical digestion takes place is the
a) stomach
b) oral cavity
c) small intestine
d) esophagus
e) pancreas
b) oral cavity
The structure that separates the nasal and oral cavities from one another is called the
a) oropharynx
b) nasal septum
c) palate
d) uvula
e) lingual frenulum
c) palate
Chewing is called
a) deglutition
b) defecation
c) mastication
d) absorption
e) ingestion
c) mastication
Upon swallowing, food moves from the mouth directly into the
a) sublingual space
b) oral vestibule
c) oropharynx
d) oral mucosae
e) buccal cavity
c) oropharynx
In most cases, the mumps is a viral infection of the _____ glands.
a) submandibular
b) mandibular
c) lingual
d) sublingual
e) parotid
e) parotid
The esophagus passes through a hole in the diaphragm called the
a) pylorus
b) esophageal hiatus
c) cardia
d) lower esophageal sphincter
e) upper esophageal sphincter
b) esophageal hiatus
Modification of the mucosa of the small intestines that allows for expansion of the organ and act as mechanical
"speed bumps" are the
a) mucus glands
b) plicae
c) ciliated columnar cells
d) muscularis smooth muscle
b) plicae
The main part of the stomach is called the
a) cardia
b) fundus
c) body
d) pylorus
c) body
Cholecystokinin from the intestinal wall is stimulated by the presence of
a) proteins, fats, and acid in the esophagus
b) proteins, fats, and acid in the stomach
c) proteins, fats, and acid in the duodenum
d) proteins, fat, and acid in the liver
c) proteins, fats, and acid in the duodenum
Functions of the stomach include
a) initiation of protein digestion
b) mechanical breakdown of food
c) storage of recently ingested food
d) all of the above
d) all of the above
The enzyme pepsin digests
a) carbohydrates
b) lipids
c) proteins
d) fats
c) proteins
Plicae and intestinal villi
a) increase the surface area of the mucosa of the small intestine
b) secrete digestive enzymes
c) carry products of digestion that will not pass through the walls of blood capillaries
d) produce hormones
a) increase the surface area of the mucosa of the small intestine
Intestinal glands in the valleys of the villi
a) increase the surface area of the mucosal lining
b) produce new cells for the mucosa
c) secrete watery intestinal fluid
d) remove what cannot be absorbed
c) secrete watery intestinal fluid
The portion of the small intestine that is attached to the pylorus of the stomach is the
a) cecum
b) duodenum
c) ileum
d) jejunum
b) duodenum
An intestinal hormone that stimulates the gall bladder to release bile is
a) GIP
b) CCK
c) peptin
d) enterokinase
b) CCK
Which of the following foods will spend the most time in the stomach?
a) pasta
b) rice
c) cake
d) steak
d) steak
The bulk of each tooth consists of a mineralized matrix similar to that of bone called
a) pulp
b) enamel
c) cementum
d) dentin
d) dentin
Which salivary gland produces a serous secretion containing large amount of salivary amylase?
a) parotid
b) sublingual
c) submandibular
d) lingual
a) parotid
The connection of the anterior portion of the tongue to the underlying epithelium is the
a) uvula
b) labial frenulum
c) faux
d) lingual frenulum
d) lingual frenulum
During deglutition,
a) the lower esophageal sphincter opens
b) smooth muscle contracts
c) the larynx elevates and the epiglottis closes
d) the soft palate elevates
e) all of the above
e) all of the above
Functions of the stomach include all of the following EXCEPT
a) absorption of triglycerides
b) storage of ingested food
c) initiation of protein digestion
d) denaturation of proteins
a) absorption of triglycerides
Gastric pits are
a) acid scars in the esophagus
b) ridges in the body the stomach
c) openings into gastric glands
d) involved in absorption of liquids from the stomach
c) openings into gastric glands
The hormone that stimulates secretion and contraction by the stomach is
a) secretin
b) cholecystokinin
c) enteropeptidase
d) gastrin
d) gastrin
Mary had her stomach mostly removed to try to overcome obesity. As a result you would expect Mary to be at risk for
a) pernicious anemia
b) dehydration
c) protein malnutrition
d) diarrhea
a) pernicious anemia
The portion of the small intestine that attaches to the cecum is the
a) duodenum
b) ileum
c) haustrum
d) appendix
b) ileum
What type of epithelium covers the intestinal villi?
a) simple squamous
b) simple cuboidal
c) stratified squamous
d) simple columnar
d) simple columnar
Tony is a chronic alcoholic with cirrhosis of the liver, a condition in which liver cells die and are replaced by connective
tissue. Which of the following signs would you expect to observe in Tony?
a) jaundice
b) decrease in plasma protein production
c) portal hypertension and ascites
d) increased clotting time
e) all of the above
e) all of the above
Each of the following is a function of the liver EXCEPT
a) storage of glycogen and iron
b) glucagon production
c) inactivation of toxins
d) synthesis of plasma proteins
b) glucagon production
_____ are arranged within a lobule of the liver into a series of plates radiating outward from a central vein.
a) lobes
b) hepatocytes
c) portal cells
d) bile ducts
b) hepatocytes
Decreased levels of bile salts in the bile would interfere with
a) fat digestion
b) pancreatic amylase activity
c) protein digestion
d) protease action
a) fat digestion
The Kupffer cells of the liver
a) destroy bacteria
b) destroy RBCs
c) are phagocytic
d) all of the above
d) all of the above
The exocrine portion of the pancreas is composed of
a) pancreatic acini
b) pancreatic crypts
c) pancreatic lobules
d) islets of Langerhans
d) islets of Langerhans
The pancreas produces
a) sodium bicarbonate
b) peptidases and proteinases
c) lipases and amylase
d) nucleases
e) all of the above
e) all of the above
In response to the hormone secretin, the pancreas secretes a fluid
a) rich in enzymes
b) rich in bile
c) rich in bicarbonate ion
d) rich in mucus
c) rich in bicarbonate ion
Haustra are
a) expansible pouches of the colon
b) the source of colon hormones
c) strips of muscle in the colon
d) glands in the large intestine that secrete mucus
a) expansible pouches of the colon
The taenia coli are
a) longitudinal bands of smooth muscle in the colon wall
b) ridges in the mucosa of the colon
c) polyps that obstruct the sigmoid colon
d) tears of the colon
a) longitudinal bands of smooth muscle in the colon wall
A small, wormlike structure attached to the posteromedial surface of the cecum is the
a) pancreas
b) haustra
c) gallbladder
d) appendix
d) appendix
2. Which of the following hormones stimulates the production of pancreatic juice and bicarbonate?
(a) Insulin and glucagon
(b) Cholecystokinin and secretin
(c) Gastrin and insulin
(d) Angiotensin and epinephrine
. The enzymes present in pancreatic juice are
(a) Amylase, Trypsinogen, Peptidase, Rennin
(b) Trypsinogen, Lipase, Amylase, Procarboxypeptidase
(c) Peptidase, Pepsin, Amylase, Rennin
(d) Maltase, Amylase, Trypsinogen, Pepsin
5. Carboxypeptidase requires _______ for its activity
(a) copper
(b) niacin
(c) iron
(d) Zn
6. Na+ and other carrier ions facilitate absorption of
(a) amino acids and fructose
(b) fatty acids and glycerol
(c) fatty acids and glucose
(d) amino acids and glucose
7. Secretin and cholecystokinin are secreted in
(a) pyloric region
(b) Ileum
(c) duodenum
(d) Oesophagus
8. Which of the following hydrolytic enzymes act in low pH?
(a) Peroxidases
(b) Hydrolases
(c) Amylases
(d) Proteases
(d) Arabinose
