Exploring the World of:

PAINTING & DRAMA

 GROUP 3
Members Profile:

Andog, Zairah Año, Cyrill Lhorenz Cadungon, Jovina Jungco, Dulce Marie

Manuel, Julieanne

Mesa, Jepoy Rivera, Jehushua Toledo, Lawrence Miguel Zonio, Niña Bonita
 Table of content

Opening Prayer
Introduction
Table of content
Ice breaker
Recap Topic: Painting
Main Topic: Drama (Definiton, Elements, Kinds, Mediums)
Notable artist and their contribution in this fields
RECAP: WHAT IS
PAINTING?
 PAINTING
Definition:
• Pigment is applied on support surfaces to
create an image, design, or decoration through
painting. The term "painting" in art refers to
both the process and the finished product.

• Painting is one of the oldest artistic mediums,

along with drawing and sculpting, having
endured for thousands of years. All cultures
use it in a certain way or a different one.
KINDS OF PAINTING THREE BASIC INGREDIENTS: SIX MAJOR PAINTING
PAINTING MEDIUMS MEDIUMS
1. Realism
2. Photorealism 1. Pigments 1. Encaustic
3. Expressionism 2. Binder 2. Tempera
4. Impressionism 3. Solvent 3. Fresco

5. Abstract 4. Oil
5. Acrylic
6. Surrealism
6. Water Color
7. Pop Art
MEDIUMS OF PAINTING
The different materials used to create art can be applied to a wide
variety of surfaces (referred to as supports) such as paper, wood,
canvas, plaster, clay, lacquer, and concrete allowing them to be highly
adaptable.
TOOLS IN PAINTING
1. Brushes
2. Palette
3. Palette Knife
4. Easel
WHAT IS DRAMA?
 DRAMA
Definition:
Drama refers to a form of
literature or performance that
involves conflict, emotions, and the
portrayal of characters in a
narrative. It is a significant aspect
of arts and humanities and
encompasses various genres,
including plays, films, and
television shows.
 DRAMA
Definition:
Drama plays a crucial role in arts
and humanities by exploring
human experiences, emotions, and
societal issues. It allows for the
expression of diverse perspectives,
encourages critical thinking, and
fosters empathy and
understanding among audiences.
 ELEMENTS OF DRAMA
PLOT CHARACTERS THEME
The plot is the Characters are the The theme is the
sequence of events individuals who drive central idea or
that make up the the story. They have message of the
story. It includes the their own unique play. It explores
exposition, rising personalities, universal concepts
action, climax, falling motivations, and and can be
action, and conflicts. interpreted in
resolution. different ways.
 ELEMENTS OF DRAMA
DIALOGUE SETTING CONFLICT
Dialogue is the The setting is the Conflict is the
spoken words of the time and place where struggle between
characters. It the story takes place. opposing forces. It
reveals their It includes the creates tension
thoughts, emotions, physical environment and drives the plot
and relationships and social context. forward.
with other
characters.
ELEMENTS OF DRAMA
SPECTABLE MOOD/TONE
Spectable refers to Mood is the
the visual elements atmosphere or
of the play, emotional tone of the
including costumes, play. It is created
sets, lighting, and through the use of
language, setting,
special effects.
and music.
ELEMENTS OF DRAMA
SYMBOLISM LANGUAGE
The use of symbols The style and
to represent ideas expression of the
or qualities characters speech.
KINDS OF DRAMA
QUESTION?
What is Literary Genre?
LITERATURE GENRE
it is a type of Category of
literature. Literature Genre
has a Four Main Genre.
 SUB - GENRE (DRAMA)
1.Comedy 11. Historical Drama
2.Melodrama 12. Science Fiction Drama
3.Tragedy 13. Tragicomedy
4.Crime 14. Musical
5.Romantic Drama 15. Psychological Drama
6.Farce 16. Fantasy
7.Legal Drama 17. History
8.Docudrama 18. Opera
9.Classical Drama 19. Satire
10. Horror 20. Teen-Drama
 KINDS OF DRAMA

COMEDY
Comedy is a type or genre of
drama that is intended to make
people laugh.
 EXAMPLE:

William Shakespeare’s “Much Ado

About Nothing” and “A Midsummer
Night’s Dream”.
KINDS OF DRAMA
FARCE
Farce is another type of
drama in literature which is,
broadly humorous, however,
there are significant
differences between a
comedy and a farce.
 EXAMPLE:

"Waiting for Godot” by Samuel

Beckett
KINDS OF DRAMA
TRADEGY
Therefore, tragedies are one of the
most common and popular types of
drama. As you can probably guess,
tragedies tend to be sad. However,
there is more to tragedies than that.
 EXAMPLE:

William Shakespeare's "Othello”

 KINDS OF DRAMA
TRAGI- COMEDY
These complex among the types
of drama in literature. They are
more than just tragedy and
comedy blended togethe
 EXAMPLE:

Tennessee Williams’ “A Streetcar

Named Desire”
KINDS OF DRAMA
MELODRAMA
Melodramas are an exaggerated kind of
drama in literature, in which conventional
one-dimensional characters such as
heroes, heroines, and villains contend
with exciting, passionate, and frequently
deadly situations.
 EXAMPLE:

Henrik Ibsen’s “A Doll’s House”

another example of such
melodramas is the play “The Glass
Menagerie” by Tennessee Williams
 KINDS OF DRAMA
OPERA
Many a time, people don’t understand
the difference between opera and
musicals. An opera is a type of drama
where the actors sing the lines or
dialogues instead of speaking them.
 EXAMPLE:

Giacomo Puccini’s “La Boheme”

KINDS OF DRAMA
MUSICAL
Musicals are different from opera.
While lines in opera are sung,
dialogues in musicals are infused
with music and performances.
 EXAMPLE:

“Les Miserables” and “Phantom of

the Opera”
MEDIUM OF DRAMA
 LIGHTING
This is the use of artificial light to
create a range of mood and
effects or to direct the audience’s
attention
Lighting can direct attention to a
particular part of the action.
MASK & MAKE UP
A mask is a covering for the face
which can cover just the eyes or
the whole head
It can identify a specific character
or suggest a mood or emotion
It can be used to disguise a
character.
 SET/PROPS
The set is the constructed or created
space in which the performance takes
place
Sets can be very detailed and realistic,
very simple or stylised
The set can change during a performance
The set forms part of the overall design or
plan of a drama
COSTUME
This refers to the clothing and
accessories worn by the
characters in dramatic
performance.
They can add colour and glamour
to enhance the mood.
They can help to identify
characters and roles.
 SOUND/MUSIC
Sound and music are key elements in
most dramas
They create atmosphere, tone and
mood
They help with the plot structure by
identifying changes in time or place
SPACE & LEVELS
Space is the area in which the performance
takes place and the area around the
performers
Levels are the different heights at which
performers place themselves, often to show
their status
Space and levels can reflect the mood within
a drama
 MOVEMENT, MIME & GESTURE
Movement is all the physical action which
happens on stage
Mime is a dramatic technique in which
the actors remain silent and convey
meaning through actions
Gesture is a single movement made by a
part of the body such as clenching a fist
or shrugging shoulders
USE OF VOICE
Voice refers to the various ways
that the voice can be altered to
convey feelings, expression and
characterisation
 SPOKEN LANGUAGE
This is the choice of words (vocabulary)
used in drama
The choice of words can be used to convey
specific ideas about the plot, characters and
themes
Spoken language chosen carefully can fit
the character or drama
HISTORY OF DRAMA
 Objective:
In this section we’ll trace the historical development of the dramatic form from the the fifth century
BCE, when ancient Greeks developed the form, to contemporary plays and dramas.

Greeks
Drama and theater developed in ancient Greece between the late sixth and early fourth centuries BCE.
Its influence was so profound that theater is widely enjoyed to this day. Some of the earliest tragedies
and comedies were written by the gifted intellectuals, artists, and politicians living in the great city of
Athens.
The origins of Greek comedy and tragedy can be traced to the elaborate Greek worship rituals that
were enacted in the name of Dionysus, god of fertility and wine. Over time, these dramatic ceremonies
began to include other gods and human heroes.
Fifth-century master playwrights Sophocles, Euripides, and Aeschylus produced tragedies that
focused on humanity’s struggle with good and evil. In contrast, Aristophanes, also from the fifth
century, wrote comedies full of satire and absurdity.
 The Middle Ages
The medieval period began in 1066 when the Normans, led by William
the Conqueror, defeated the Anglo-Saxons. The Middle Ages were a
time of feudalism, the Magna Carta, chivalry, knights, and the Crusades.
In England, medieval drama served as public entertainment.

The following table provides an overview of the different types of plays

performed during the Middle Ages in England.
 TYPES OF PLAYS PERFORMED IN THE MIDDLE AGES

A play based on life of a saint of a martyr. Later versions would include

Bible stories. Also known as mystery, play, this type of drama was
MIRACLE PLAY developed by the Roman Catholic Church to teach the illiterate about
Christianity.

A play depicting Christ’s crucifixion. Such plays were performed from

PASSION PLAY the thirteenth century onward but dwindled in popularity in the
sixteenth and seventeenth centuries.

Theaters offered these plays during the latter part of the Middle Ages.
The morality play was a dramatized allegory in which the actors played
MORALITY PLAY the roles of virtues and vices, such as Mercy, Conscience, Shame,
Patience, and Greed. The good and the Bad struggled for the soul of a
single hero.
 The Renaissance
The period from the mid-fourteenth century to the end of
the sixteenth century is recognized as the Renaissance, a
period of learning, discovery, and culture that swept
across Western Europe and England. The English
Renaissance, during which drama flourished, occurred
during the reign of Queen Elizabeth I (1553–1603).
The Renaissance
Playwrights such as Christopher Marlowe and William Shakespeare wrote some
of the most well-known and popular plays of Western society in the Elizabethan
era. English drama during the early part of the sixteenth century developed
slowly, but during Shakespeare’s youth the theatre scene exploded with vitality.
Throughout the Middle Ages, religion was the subject matter of drama, but
Marlowe, and later Shakespeare, found inspiration for their plays in Greek
tragedies, morality plays, and English history.
Blank verse was the preferred form of Elizabethan playwrights. Blank verse is
unrhymed poetry that still contains a rhythm and meter.
Shakespeare’s thirty-seven plays can be divided into three categories: histories,
tragedies, and comedies
Most of Shakespeare’s plays were originally performed at the
famous Globe Theater across the Thames River from London.
Wealthy theater patrons watched plays from seats in the gallery.
Those who could afford a penny for a play stood in the yard.
Shakespearean costumes were colorful and elaborate versions of
the dress of the time. Scenery was simple, nearly nonexistent, but
the audiences who filled the playhouses came for the excellent
entertainment—not the backdrops.
 TYPES OF SHAKESPEAREAN PLAY

The histories illustrate moral lessons to be

Henry IV, Henry VI, Richard II,
HISTORY learned from the ambitions and treachery of
Richard III
state leaders.

The tragedies depict a character’s self-

destruction through passion and ambition and King Lear, Hamlet, Othello,
TRAGEDY
show how breaking a moral law certainly leads to Macbeth, Romeo and Juliet
ruin

A Midsummer Night’s Dream,

The comedies amuse audiences with romantic
COMEDY The Merchant of Venice, As
fantasies, mistaken identities, and satire You Like It, The Tempest
 Seventeenth and Eighteenth Centuries
The period known as the Restoration began in 1660 when
Charles II became king of England. Drama reached its height in
sixteenth-century England; Shakespeare and his
contemporaries entertained audiences from all walks of life.
Theater of the seventeenth century included satiric comedies
and tragicomedies. Comedy grew more sophisticated and less
dependent on mistaken identity situations and sight gags.
 Seventeenth and Eighteenth Centuries

The comedy of manners was first written during the Restoration period
as a reaction against the severity of Puritanism.
A comedy of manners is characterized by the following features:
realism, satire, and cynicism
focus on the manners, attitudes, and immorality of an upper-class
society
witty, polished dialogue
plot frequently involving an illicit affair
In 1642, plays had to go underground when the Puritans,
deeming them frivolous, made theater illegal. When the law was
reversed in 1660, drama got back on track. For the first time,
female actresses regularly played the female roles, as opposed
to male actors.

Sentimental comedy grew in popularity during the eighteenth

century. This type of theater came about as a reaction to the
risqué nature of the comedies of manners.
The sentimental comedy or drama is characterized by
the following features:
Man portrayed as basically good.
The few characters who are evil repent quickly.
The writing has very little wit but lots of sentimentality.
Characters are drawn from the middle class.
Characters weep at the slightest distress to indicate their
virtue.
 Nineteenth and Twentieth Centuries
A wide array of playwrights from around the world
offered their work to theatergoers during the late
nineteenth and early twentieth centuries.
The problem play , which addresses a social problem,
originated with playwrights Henrik Ibsen and George
Bernard Shaw.
The Roman Catholic Church greatly influenced the following three types
of dramas during the Middle Ages:
Miracle plays —Dramas based on the life of a saint or a Bible story.
Passion plays —Dramas depicting the crucifixion of Christ.
Morality plays —Allegoric dramatizations of the human search for
salvation.
A comedy of manners is a witty and risqué satire of upper-class etiquette
and immoral behavior. A sentimental comedy lacks dramatic reality in its
presentation of middle-class emotions and tenderness. A problem play
addresses a social problem or issue.
NOTABLE ARTIST &
CONTRIBUTION IN
THIS FIELDS
 FERNANDO AMORSOLO
(1892-1972)
Labelled the country’s first National Artist in 1972 by then President
Marcos, Fernando Amorsolo is often known as the ‘Grand Old Man of
Philippine Art’. The Spanish-trained realist developed a backlighting
technique, where his colorful depictions of local people reflect the
radiance of the Philippine sun. The figures and illuminated
landscapes magically glow on the canvas and displayed in Filipino art
galleries. Despite his deteriorating health and failing eyesight, he
remained prolific until the end, producing up to 10 paintings a month
until his death at the age of 80. Amorsolo’s creativity defines the
nation’s culture and heritage to this day.
‘The Fruit Gatherer’, 1950
 DAISY HONTIVEROS AVELLANA

A pioneering actress, director and writer whose career

spanned the emergence and flowering of modern
Philippine theater, and whose seminal contributions to
the field led to her being declared a National Artist for
Theater in 1999. Born in Roxas City, Capiz, on Jan. 26,
1917, Avellana became one-half of a celebrated
husband-and-wife team of Olympian Filipino artists—
the other half being film and theater director Lamberto
Avellana, who was conferred National Artist honors in
1976. They were the Oliviers of their day, producing
and writing material for all available media, from stage
to radio and film.
 JOSÉ JOYA (1931-1995)
A Filipino pioneer of Abstract expressionism,
multi-media painter José Joya uses bold and
vibrant colours with a variety of painting
techniques, layering, loose impasto strokes and
controlled drips. His harmonious colours are
influenced by Philippine landscapes and tropical
wildlife. His mastery lies in gestural paintings,
where the paint is applied spontaneously on
canvas, sometimes directly out of the tube or
through the use of broad strokes with brushes.
‘Granadean Arabesque’
 FRIDA KAHLO
Another prominent painter is Frida Kahlo,
known for her surreal and symbolic self-
portraits.
- Kahlo's art often explored themes of
identity, gender, and Mexican culture.
- Her vibrant and emotive paintings, such
as "The Two Fridas" and "Self-Portrait
with Thorn Necklace and Hummingbird,"
have made her an iconic figure in the art
world.
 The Two Frida’s

Self-Portrait with
Thorn Necklace and
Humming Bird

The Two Fridas, the Frida in Tehuana a striking representation of Kahlo's

costume, whose heart is intact, complex identity and her ongoing battle
represents the Frida that Rivera with physical and emotional pain. The
loved, while the Frida in white, painting depicts Kahlo wearing a thorn
whose heart looks as if it has been necklace, which symbolizes the anguish
ripped open, represents the Frida and suffering she endured throughout her
that Rivera rejected.
life.
 LEONARDO DA VINCI

In the world of painting, one of the most famous artists is

Leonardo da Vinci.
- He is known for his iconic works like the "Mona Lisa" and "The
Last Supper." Da Vinci was a true Renaissance man, excelling in
various fields such as science, engineering, and art.
- His paintings are renowned for their meticulous detail and
realistic portrayal of human emotions.
Mona Lisa
 VINCENT VAN GOGH
Another notable painter is Vincent
van Gogh, famous for his unique style
and emotional use of color.
- Despite facing mental health
struggles, Van Gogh created
masterpieces like "Starry Night" and
"Sunflowers," which continue to
inspire artists and art lovers around
the world.
The Starry Night Sunflowers
 PABLO PICASSO
Another notable artist is Pablo Picasso.
Picasso was a pioneering figure in the
development of modern art, known for
co-founding the Cubist movement. - His
innovative style and groundbreaking
approach to art can be seen in works like
"Les Demoiselles d'Avignon" and
"Guernica." Picasso's ability to push the
boundaries of traditional art forms
continues to influence artists to this day.
Les Demoiselles d'Avignon

Guernica
 WILLIAM SHAKESPEARE
William Shakespeare is a legendary figure
in the world of theater. - Known for his
plays like "Romeo and Juliet," "Hamlet,"
and "Macbeth," Shakespeare's works have
stood the test of time and continue to be
performed on stages globally. - His plays
explore complex themes of love, power,
and tragedy, making them timeless
classics.
ANTON CHEKHOV
He is a highly regarded playwright
known for his insightful portrayals of
human nature. - Works like "The
Seagull," "Uncle Vanya," and "The
Cherry Orchard" are celebrated for their
nuanced characters and exploration of
the human condition. - Chekhov's ability
to capture the complexities of life and
relationships has earned him a lasting
legacy in the world of theater.
 BERTOLT BRECHT
a German playwright known for his innovative
approach to theater.
- Brecht's epic theater techniques, which
aimed to provoke critical thinking and social
change, can be seen in plays like "Mother
Courage and Her Children" and "The
Threepenny Opera."
- His influence on modern theater practices is
profound, with his works challenging
audiences to question the status quo.
 REFERENCES:
https://learn.podium.school/drama/7-different-types-of-drama-in-literature/

https://americanboard.org/Subjects/english/historical-development-of-drama/

-Bing Web Search-

https://www.bing.com/search?
q=leonardo+da+vinci&form=ANSPH1&refig=A91499313FBA4A07AFA8FD14D9B363B8&
pc=U531&sp=2&lq=0&filters=ufn%3A%22Leonardo+da+Vinci%22+sid%3A%22b9c71d27-
dba0-e4d0-4bfa-308e468c6176%22&asbe=EP&qs=MB&pq=leonardo+&sk=EP1&sc=10-
9&cvid=a91499313fba4a07afa8fd14d9b363b8
 REFERENCES:
https://www.riseart.com/article/2291/art-world-news-frida-kahlo-and-diego-rivera-
romance-and-heartbreak

https://theculturetrip.com/asia/philippines/articles/the-10-most-famous-filipino-artists-
and-their-masterworks

https://www.artnet.com/artists/jos%C3%A9-joya/

https://www.teachstarter.com/au/teaching-resource/language-elements-of-drama-poster/
QnA Session
Thank You
Presented by Group 3