Iso 9920 1995
Iso 9920 1995
INTERNATIONAL                                                                         Is0
                                                 STANDARD                                                                             9920
                                                (standards.iteh.ai)
                                                 Ergonomie des ambiances thermales - D6 termination of I 'isolement ISO 9920:1995
                                                 thermique et de la r&stance ;i 18vaporation d'une tenue ropaire https://standards.iteh.ai/
                               catalog/standards/sist/1612d638-fb24-428e-9915-
                                                     538e2dfa3b93/iso-9920-1995
                                                                                                                               Reference number
                                                                                                                                IS0 9920:1995(E)
Machine Translated by Google
IS0 9920:1995(E)
   Contents
                                                                                                                                                            Page
Annexes
                mannequin
                                                  iTeh STANDARD PREVIEW
        C Measurement of the thermal insulation of clothin on a thermal
                                                                                                 47
        d                                                       (standards.iteh.ai)
                Measurement of the thermal insu ation and eva tive resistance pora of a clothing
                assembly on human subjects. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 49                            ..
                                                                                                              ISO 9920:1995
        E Different expressions for the thermal insulation of clothing 50 https://standards.iteh.ai/catalog/
                                             standards/sist/1612d638-fb24-428e-9915-
                                                                                                  538e2dfa3b93/iso-9920-1995
        F Evaporative resistance of a clothing ensemble                                                                                                         52
   ii
Machine Translated by Google
Foreword
                                                    Draft International Standards adopted by the technical committees are circulated to the member
                                                    bodies for voting. Publication as an International Standard requires approval by at least 75% of the
                                         (standards.iteh.ai)
                                          International Standard IS0 9920 was prepared by Technical Committee ISO/TC 159, Ergonomics,
                                          Subcommittee SC 5, Ergonomics of the physi-cal environment.
                                                               ISO 9920:1995
                                                   Annexes A and B form an integral part of this International Standard. Annexes C, D, E and F are for
                               https://standards.iteh.ai/catalog/standards/sist/1612d638-fb24-428e-9915-
                                                    information only. 538e2dfa3b93/iso-9920-1995
                                                                                                                                                            ...
                                                                                                                                                            III
Machine Translated by Google
   Introduction
   This International Standard is one of a series of International Standards intended for use in the
   study of thermal environments.                                                It is a basic document
   for evaluation of the thermal characteristics of a clothing ensemble (thermal insulation and
   evaporative resistance).                                            It is necessary to know these
   values when evaluating the thermal stress or degree of comfort provided by the physical
   environment according to standardized methods.
   The thermal characteristics determined in this International Standard are values for steady-state
   conditions. Properties like “buffering”, of water, etc., are not dealt with.              adsorption
   This International Standard does not deal with the local thermal insulation on different body parts,
   nor the discomfort due to a nonuniform distribution of the clothing on the body.
                                                            (standards.iteh.ai)
   For evaluating the thermal stress on man in the cold [IREQ (see lSO/TR 11079) insulation index],
   neutral [PMV-PPD (see IS0 7730) indices] and heat [required sweat rate (see IS0 7933)
   Until now, very few data are available on the evaporative resistance of a clothing ensemble. This
   International Standard mainly deals with the esti-mation of the thermal resistance to dry heat loss.
Machine Translated by Google
   Then the dry heat loss is transferred from the clothing/skin surface to                     3 Estimation of                           of the thermal insulation
   the environment. The resistance to this heat flow is expressed by the
                                                                                               a clothing ensemble based on tables with values
   surface resistance between clothing/skin and environment, Ia,
                                                                                               measured on standing thermal manikin
   expressed in square meters degrees Celsius per watt (m*='C/W).
              meter degree Celsius;                                                            also listed. The total clothing mass is based on garments which fit a
                                                                                               standard person (European male size 52) and it does not include shoes.
         h, is the radiant heat loss coefficient, per square         in watts
               meter degree Celsius.
  area factor, fc,, The insulation for the entire clothing, Ic, (in m2moC/W defined as the ratio of the surface area of the cloth or cloth), may also be estimated
  using the following ISO 9920:1995
  body, A,, (including unclothed parts) to the surface of empirical equation: https://standards.iteh.ai/catalog/
                                            standards/sist/1612d638-fb24-428e-9915-
  the nude body, A,, (Du Bois area): 538e2dfa3b93/iso-9920-1995
                                                                                                                             CIU
                                                                                                                  c
  A photographic method for estimating it, in clause            is described                   where IclU is the thermal insulation of various individual garments
   4 together with a simplified equation for estimating it.                                    making up the ensemble, in square meters degrees Celsius per watt or
                                                                                               in clo.
  The posture and body movements of the wearer (pumping effect) and
                                                                                               3.2 Thermal insulation values for individual garments
  the penetration of air through the clothing due to increased air velocity
  will change the thermal insulation of a clothing ensemble. This influence
  of activity and air velocity is discussed in clause 5.
                                                                                               See annex B.
                                                                                               where
  In this International Standard, the thermal insulation of ensembles and
                                                                                                                  is the total thermal insulation, in square me-three degrees
  garments (annexes A and B) is also given in the clo-unit. This is because
                                                                                                     ITEM
       NOTE 1          In IS0 7730 and other literature, the sulation of individual lal in-   4 Estimation of the clothing area factor
       garments may be given as basic bad insulation:                                ther-
                                                                                              The value of fc, is listed in annex A for all clothing en-sembles. It can be
                                                                                              measured by a photographic method. Pictures of the naked person/
                                                                                              manikin from different directions are compared with pictures of the
       The design of the various garments is indicated by a type number                       clothed person/manikin from the same directions and distance.
       referring to the numbered drawings showing a person dressed
       in various garment de-signs.
                                                                   (standards.iteh.ai)
                                                                                                                    Annie
       The thermal insulation, IclU (in m2moC/W), of an individual garment                    where i designates the direction considered.
       may also be estimated using the follow- ISO 9920:1995
       ing equation: Then the clothing area factor, fcf is estimated as https://standards.iteh.ai/catalog/standards/sist/1612d638-
                                     fb24-428e-9915-
            I clu = 0.095 x IO-*A,,,                         538e2dfa3b93/iso-9920-1995
                                                                   . . . (6)                              +        fell +.h2
                                                                                                               l +f,lS             l   l
                                                                                                   fcl =                                                        ..
                                                                                                                               6                                        . (eleven)
       accordance with ASTM D 1777') using a 7.5 cm diameter                                       .fc, = I.00 + 1.290 Icl for Ic, < 0.078 m*=C/W
       presser foot and 69.1 N/m* press-sure).
                                                                                                   .fc, = I.00 + 0.645 Icr for Ic, > 0.078 m*C/W
1) ASTM D 1777-64 (Reapproved 1975), Standard Method for Measuring Thickness of Textile Materials.
                                                                                                                                                                                3
                                                                                                                                                                             --------YO
   5 In influence of body movements and wind on the                                        manikin are necessary to be able to estimate the change in & and Za
                                                                                                          ,
                                                                                           separately. Measurements on human subjects are also possible (annex
   thermal insulation of a clothing ensemble
                                                                                           D).
                                                                                           The influence of wind depends on the air permeability of the outer textile
   Most types of clothing ensembles have openings (eg collars, cuffs) which                layer and on the types and number of openings.
   allow a certain air exchange with the environment. When work is
   performed, this air exchange may increase and change the insulation of
   the clothing.                                                                           For the time being, a reduction by 20 % is rec-omended when my tabolic
                                                                                           rate is greater than
                                                                                                            ,   100 W /m* and IO % for values between 60 W /m*
                                                                                           and 100 W /m*. More research is required to establish quantitative
   This effect is called the “pumping effect”. To estimate the effect of body              correction factors for the combined action of wind and body movements.
   motion (pumping effect) on the clothing insulation, a movable thermal
   manikin may be used. The same me thods as in annex C may be used.
   Now, & is measured with a nude mannequin engaged in the appropriate
   activity (seated, standing, walking, bicycling). From these measurements,
   corrections of the jc, value measured on the standing manikin may be                    6 E s tim a tion of the evaporative resistance
   estimated and used for other clothing ensembles. The pumping effect
   may also be measured on human subjects (annex D).
                                                                                           The evaporative resistance, R,, of a clothing ensemble may be measured
                                                                                           in experiments with subjects or with a sweating thermal manikin.
   The effect of body motion is only measured on a whole clothing ensemble                 The evaporative resistance may also be calculated on the basis of clothing
   and not on each single garment.                                                         insulation and permeation iTeh STANDARD PREVIEW
                                                                                           properties in relation to water vapor.
                                                                  (standards.iteh.ai)
   The pumping effect may reduce the resulting thermal The evaporative resistance, RT, expressed in square insulation of a clothing ensemble between 5 %
   and three kilopascals per watt (m2mkPa/W), can be defined 50 % depending on the number of openings and the as the sum of the evaporative resistance
   of the ex- ISO 9920:1995
   type of textile (ie permeability, stiffness). ternal air layer, R, and that of the clothing layers, I?,: https://standards.iteh.ai/catalog/standards/sist/1612d638-
                                                fb24-428e-9915-
                                                                        538e2dfa3b93/iso-9920-1995
                                                                                          RJ- = R, -I- R,,
   If a clothing ensemble is exposed to increased air velocity, some of the                                                                                     . . . (14)
   air may penetrate through the fabrics and thus change the thermal
   resistance. In addition, an increased air velocity will decrease Za.                    The evaporative resistance will also be influenced by body movements
                                                                                           and air penetration. It is rec-omended to apply the same corrections as
                                                                                           for thermal insulation values.
   This effect may also be measured by means of a thermal manikin using
   the same method as described in annex C. Measurements on the nude
   and clothed                                                                              Equations for estimating I?-,- are given in annex F.
    4
Machine Translated by Google
IS0 9920:1995(E)
                                                                                     Annex A
                                                                                    (normative)
       The values are from measurements on a standing thermal manikin. TableA. is for typical clothing ensembles.
       Tables A.2 to A.7 list detailed compound ensembles and combinations. The numbers for the individual garments refer to the garment in
       annex B. The mass does not include shoes. The number of the ensemble is given in the “No.” column of tables A.2 to A.7. The number of
       the individual garment making up the ensemble is given immediately after its name. The name and number are those appearing in annex
       B.
       Washing can change the thermal insulation values. This effect depends on the type of textile, but is normally within the measuring
       accuracy. The measurements were performed in accordance with the description in annex C, and operative temperature, mean skin
       temperature and mean heat loss from the manikin were recorded.
Table A.1
CL
CL
        Underpants, boiler suit, socks, shoes     (standards.iteh.ai)                          Panties, T-shirt, shorts, light socks, 0,ll
                                                                 0.7                sandals ISO 9920:1995                                         I 0.3 I                       0.05
        Underpants, shirt, trousers, socks, shoes                                         Panties, petticoat, stockings, light dress https://
                                           standards.iteh.ai/catalog/standards/sist/1612d638-fb24-428e-9915-
                                                                   0.75 0.115 with sleeves, sandals 538e2dfa3b93/                                 Yo        I 0.45              0.07
                                                                     iso-9920-1995
        Underpants, shirt, boiler suit, socks, shoes                                      Underpants, shirt with short sleeves, light trousers,
                                                                                                                                                       I 015 I 03
                                                                    03        0.125      light socks, shoes
        Underpants, shirt, trousers, jacket, socks, shoes                                      Panties, stockings, shirt with short
                                                                 0.85               0.135      sleeves, skirt, sandals                                 I 0.55 I 0.085
        Underwear with short sleeves and legs, shirt,                                          Panties, petticoat, stockings, dress, shoes
                                                                                                                                                       Yo
        Underwear with short legs and sleeves,                                                 Underwear, shirt, trousers, socks, shoes
                                                                                                                                                       I 0.7 I
        shirt, trousers, boiler suit, socks, shoes               ill                0.17                                                                                        0,ll
        Underwear with long legs and sleeves,                                                   Underwear, track suit (sweater and
        thermojacket, socks, shoes                                                  0.185      trousers), long socks, runners                          I 0.75 I 0.115
        Underwear with short sleeves and legs,                                                 Panties, petticoat, shirt, skirt, thick knee-
        shirt, trousers, jacket, thermojacket,                                                 socks, shoes
        socks, shoes                                             I,25               0.19                                                          I 023 I 0.12
        Underwear with short sleeves and legs,                                                 Panties, shirt, skirt, roundneck sweater, thick
        boiler suit, thermojacket and trousers,                                                knee-socks, shoes
        socks, shoes                                              1.4               0.22                                                          I 03 I 0.14
        Underwear with short sleeves and                                                       Underpants, singlet with short sleeves, shirt,
        shirt, trousers, jacket, thermojacket and                                              trousers, V-neck sweater, socks, shoes
        trousers, socks shoes                                                       0.225                                                         Yo        I 0.95              0.145
        Underwear with short sleeves and legs, shirt,                                          Panties, shirt, trousers, jacket, socks, shoes
        trousers, jacket, heavy quilted outer jacket and
        overalls, socks, shoes                                   I,85               0.285                                                                                       0.155
                                                                                                                                                                                        5
Machine Translated by Google
                                                                                                                                                Yo
                                                               Yo
CL CL
   Underwear with short sleeves and legs, shirt,                                      Panties, stockings, shirt, skirt, vest, jacket
   trousers, jacket, heavy quilted outer jacket and
   overalls, socks, shoes, cap, gloves
                                                         2               0.31                                                             1               0.155
    Underwear with long sleeves and legs,                                             Panties, stockings, blouse, long skirt, jacket,
    thermojacket and trousers, outer                                                 shoes
    thermojacket and trousers, socks, shoes             2.2              0.34                                                           ill               0.17
     Underwear with long sleeves and legs,                                           Underwear, singlet with short sleeves, shirt,
    thermojacket and trousers, parka with heavy                                      trousers, jacket, socks, shoes
    quilting, overalls with heavy quilting,
    socks, shoes, cap, gloves                          2.55              0.395                                                          ill               I,17
Table A.2
Yo
CL
g cl0 m2moC/W
         100    Briefs 8
                T-shirt 30, undershorts 364                                                            318    ill      0.33              0.051
                Calf-length socks 264, athletic shoes 262
          101   Panties 1, tube top 69
                Short shorts 99                                                                        258    I,07     0.23              0.036
                Sandals 272
          102   Briefs 8
                Short-sleeve shirt 79, shorts 97                                                       622    I,1 1    0.41              0.064
                Calf-length socks 265, shoes 260
          103   Briefs 8
                3/4-length-sleeve shirt 66, shorts 97                                                  451    I,17     0.52              0.081
                Socks 263, athletic shoes 262
          107
                Sandals 272
                Briefs 8
                                                (standards.iteh.ai)
                Short-sleeve shirt 79, fitted trousers 102 ISO                                         725    I,14      0.5              0.078
                                                               9920:1995
                Calf-length socks 265, shoes 260 https://
                                   standards.iteh.ai/catalog/standards/sist/1612d638-fb24-428e-9915-
          108   Briefs 8                                     538e2dfa3b93/iso-9920-1995
                Shirt 75, fitted trousers 102                                                          693    I,19     0.62              0.096
                Calf-length socks 265, shoes 260
          112   Briefs 8, T-shirt 30
                Shirt 76, loose trousers 103                                                           1072   1.3      0.89              0.138
                Calf-length socks 265, shoes 260
          121   Briefs 8
                Sweatshirt 290, sweatpants 291                                                         776    I,19     0.77              0.119
                Calf-length socks 264, shoes 262
          124   Briefs 8, T-shirt 30
                Coveralls 114                                                                          1247   I,23     0.72              0.112
                Calf-length socks 264, shoes 260
         200    Underpants 8
                Shirt 54, fitted trousers 89                                                           924    I,19     0.61              0.095
                Socks 265, shoes 258
         201    Underpants 8
                Shirt 54, fitted trousers 87                                                           911    I,19     0.63              0.098
                Socks 265, shoes 258
         203    Underpants 8
                Shirt 54, loose trousers 86                                                            991    113      0.71              0,ll
                Socks 265, shoes 258
         204    Underpants 8
                Shirt 54, walking shorts 85                                                            673    I,16     0.53              0.082
                Socks 265, shoes 258
                                                                                                                                                  7
Machine Translated by Google
No. Combination * Yo
CL
                                                                                                             cl                cl0             m2aoC/W
      Yo
           205    Underpants 8
                  Shirt 54, walking shorts 84                                                               895    I,16       0.53              0.082
                  Socks 265, shoes 258
           206    Underpants 8
                  Shirt 54, shorts 83                                                                       820    I,15       0.48              0.074
                  Socks 265, shoes 258
           207    Underpants 8
                  Short-sleeve shirt 56, fitted trousers 89                                                 846    I,16       0.55              0.085
                  Socks 265, shoes 258
           208   Underpants 8
                 Sleeveless blouse 58, fitted trousers 89                                                   773    I,14       0.48              0.074
                 Socks 265, shoes 258
           209   Underpants 8
                 Turtleneck blouse 60, fitted trousers 89                                                   907     12        0.63             0.098
                 Socks 265, shoes 258
           210   Underpants 8
                 Blouse 61, fitted trousers 89                                                             945      12        0.63             0.098
                 Socks 265, shoes 258
           216   Underpants 8
                 Coveralls 117                    iTeh STANDARD PREVIEW     1140                                   I,27        Ot7             0.109
                 Socks 265, shoes 258
           449   Underpants 23
                                                        (standards.iteh.ai)
                 Shirt 84, trousers 103 ISO                                                                871     I,19       0.73             0.113
                 Socks 254, shoes 255         9920:1995
                                       https://standards.iteh.ai/catalog/standards/sist/1612d638-fb24-428e-9915-
                                  DAILY WEAR CLOTHING                538e2dfa3b93/iso-9920-1995
                                        Trousers, sweater
  \
           104   Briefs 8
                 Short-sleeve shirt 77, shorts 97
                                                                                                           765     I,13       0.63             0.098
                 V-neck cardigan 136
                 Calf-length socks 265, shoes 260
           105   Panties 1
                 Shirt 75, shorts 98
                                                                                                           924     I,17       0.71              0,ll
                 Sleeveless, round-neck sweater 146
                 Knee socks (thick) 267, shoes 260
           109   Briefs 1
                 Short-sleeve shirt 77, fitted trousers 102
                                                                                                           868     I,17       0.72             0.112
                 V-neck sweater 135
                 Calf-length socks 265, shoes 260
           111   Panties 1
                 Sleeveless, V-neck sweater 141, fitted trousers 102
                                                                                                           643     I,15       0.62             0.096
                 Short-sleeve, V-neck cardigan 139
                 Shoes 260
  8
Machine Translated by Google
Yo
                                                                                                                                        CL
          No.                            Clothing ensemble                               Combination     mass     F
                                                                                                                  . CL
g cl0 m2moC/W
          110   Briefs 8
                Shirt 75, fitted trousers 102
                Suit jacket 156                                                                          1130    I,23      0.96               0.149
116 Briefs 8
          119   Panties 1
                Turtleneck (thin) 147, loose trousers 103
                Double-breasted suit jacket 159                                                          1568    I,34      I,14               0.177
          211   Underpants 8
                Shirt 54, fitted trousers 89                                                   200
                Suit jacket 169                                                                169       1442    I,23      0.93               0.144
          212   Underpants 8
                Shirt 54, fitted trousers 89                                                   200
                Suit jacket 171                                                                171       1623    I,23      1,Ol               0.157
          213   Underpants 8
                Shirt 54, fitted trousers 89                                                   200
                Suit jacket 172                                                                172       1718    I,24      0.97               0.15
                                                                                                                                                       9
Machine Translated by Google
Yo
                                                                                                                                          CL
       No.                            Clothing ensemble                                 Combination           mass    F CL
g cl0 m2aoC/W
       214    Underpants 8
              Shirt 54, fitted trousers 89, vest 173                                          200             1131    12     0.78               0.121
              Socks 265, shoes 258                                                            174
Sandals 272
Sandals 272
       137   Panties 1
             Shirt 75, skirt 305
             Round-neck sweater 142                                                                           1020   I,29    0.92              0.143
  10
                                                                                                                                                           Yo
Yo
CL
g cl0 m2=OC /W
           141   Panties 1
                 Bow-at-neck blouse 24, skirt 309
                 Sleeveless, round-neck sweater 146                                                      961      1.3    0.81             0.126
Sandals 272
           142
                 Shoes 260
                                                (standards.iteh.ai)
                 Panties 1, pantyhose 3
                 Shirt 75, skirt 305, vest 162 ISO 9920:1995
                 Suit jacket 157                                                                          1404   I,33    I,02             0.158
                                  https://standards.iteh.ai/catalog/standards/sist/1612d638-fb24-428e-9915-
                 Shoes 260
                                                           538e2dfa3b93/iso-9920-1995
           143   Panties 1, half-slip 4, pantyhose 3
                 Shirt 75, skirt 305, V-neck sweater 135
                 Suit jacket 157                                                                         1499    I,33    I,12             0.174
Shoes 260
eleven