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LESSON 3: KEEPING FIT
DIET, HEALTH AND EXERCISE
A.
Diet
1.1 Answer these questions.
1 How healthy are you? A very healthy B moderately healthy C unhealthy?
2 Tick the appropriate column below to show how often you eat the different foods.
I eat... at least a few once a rarely
once a times a week / never
day week
cakes or
chocolate
fried fast
foods
fish
fruit
meat
vegetables
1.2 Complete the gaps in the text below using words from the box.
factors ingredients maintain nutrients overeating overweight servings variety
How to improve your diet
• Make sure that you eat a (1)..............of foods. It is important to eat from all five food groups.
• Eat plenty of fruit and vegetables. These contain vital (2).................and leading dietitians recommend
eating at least two (3).........................of fruit and three of vegetables every day.
• Try to (4)......................a healthy weight. Being too thin can cause as many health problems as being
(5)...................... Remember, the correct weight for you depends on many different (6)............................
including your age, height and sex.
• Eat moderate portions and don't be tempted to order a larger size when eating out. Skipping meals can
lead to (7)....................as you will be much hungrier later, so be sure to eat regularly if you want to curb
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your appetite.
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• You don't need to eliminate all of your favourite foods but do check the (8).....................on food
labels and make sure that you reduce your intake of foods that are high in fats, sugar and salt.
• If you have a food allergy, make sure you avoid any of the ingredients that can trigger an attack.
1.3 Match these words and phrases with words from the advice in 1.2
1 very important 6 limit
2 food scientists 7 desire to eat
3 neither small nor large 8 totally remove
4 servings 9 a condition that causes illness if you eat certain foods
5 missing out on 10 activate
B. Health and exercise
2.1 3a You will hear part of a health talk. Listen and complete the summary below.
Write NO MORE THAN TWO WORDS.
The heart is a (1).......................A diet high in
(2).............. can slow down the (3).................
and lead to heart problems. A heart attack is
caused when an artery that (4)...............to the
heart becomes (5)...................Patients must be
given (6)…...........immediately. A stroke is
caused when there is a blockage in an artery
that leads to the (7)................A stroke can
have a major effect on your body and as yet
there is no (8).......................A healthy diet
will keep your arteries (9)...................and can
lower the (10)…...................of a stroke or
heart attack.
2.2 3b Now listen to part 2 of the talk and answer the questions.
1 Write down three types of aerobic exercise that are
mentioned. Listen again and find words that mean the
same as the following:
A in a fixed pattern ................
B quickly…………..
C little by little……………….
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D a strong suggestion……………….
E speed……………….
F doing something to excess……………….
G get better……………….
H every second one……………….
3 WORD BUILDING Complete the table below. You do not need to write anything in the
shaded areas. Write the opposites where indicated (opp.).
Noun Verb Adjective
Allergy
Benefit
Harm
Opp. =
Health
Opp. =
Infection
Opp. =
Nutrition
Obese
Prevent
Recommended
Variety
4.1 PRONUNCIATION Put the words into the correct box according to their sound, then
practise saying the words. Listen and check your answers.
bath, bathe, birth, breath, breathe, death, growth, health, mouth (v), mouth (n), teeth, teethe, writhe
[θ] (unvoiced) [ð] (voiced)
4.2 3d Complete the sentences with words from 4.1. Then listen to the recording to check your
answers. Practise saying the sentences.
1 I took a deep.................................before diving into the water.
2 The baby is crying because he's …………………… He got two new ................................only yesterday.
3 Old people should take care of their……………………
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4 He's been so happy since the..................................of his son.
5 The pain was so bad she was.................................in agony.
6 He can't.................................You need to get him to hospital.
5 Improve this essay by replacing the words in italics with ONE OR TWO words from this unit.
In the future we won't have to worry about what we eat. We'll just take a tablet to give us all that our
body needs and cooking will become a thing of the past. In our modern world we often look for quick
solutions to our problems. We expect to be able to achieve a great deal with little effort. But I don't
believe we can apply this notion to our diet and still remain healthy. Preparing a healthy meal can take a
lot of time. First you need to have fresh ingredients. Pre-packaged foods can contain a lot of unhealthy
additives and so they are not as 1 good for your body as fresh food. You also need to make sure to
include a 2 lot of different foods to make sure that you receive all of the vitamins and minerals that are 3
very, very important to a healthy diet. It is not surprising then that some people want to find a simple
solution to this in the form of a pill. Fast foods are very high in fat, sugar and salt and so we should eat
them in small amounts. For some people, however, these foods have become their staple diet and as a
result they are 4 fat. If we want to 5 stop this from becoming an even bigger problem in the future then
we need to address this situation now. While vitamin tablets may be of some benefit, they are unlikely to
be effective in the fight against 6 people getting too fat. Health authorities need to increase public
awareness of these issues, but we also need to be realistic. Fast food is popular not only because it is
convenient but also because it is tasty. Perhaps we should 7 strongly advise that people who eat fast food
every day should at least 8 swap fast food with fresh food on every second day. Finally, we eat for
pleasure as well as nutrition and for this reason I believe that pills will never replace well-cooked food.
1. ………………………………..
5. ………………………………..
2. ………………………………..
6. ………………………………..
3. ………………………………..
7. ………………………………..
4. ………………………………..
8. ………………………………..
6 Answer the questions. Write one or two sentences.
1 Do you think young people are more or less fit than 50 years ago? (Why? / Why not?)
…………………………………………………………………………………………………….
2 In what way is your diet different from when you were a young child?
…………………………………………………………………………………………………….
3 What changes do you think will occur in our diet in the future?
…………………………………………………………………………………………………….
