TEST 1 THE FIRST 10S IN 40S

Phần 1:Part 1. You will hear a group of art history students going out an art gallery with
1. Burne-Jones believed that a painting A. ought to be true to nature
B. must have a moral point C. should play an instructive role in a modern industrial society
D. need not have practical value
2. It appears that the story of the King and the Beggar Maid was
A. a well-know Victorian tale B. popularized by a poet
C. brought to the artist’s attention by his wife D. taken up by novelists at later stage
3. According to the students, how did the painter approach the work?
A. He wanted to portray the beggar realistically
B. He copied part of the painting from an Italian masterpiece
C. He had certain items in the painting made for him
D. He wanted to decorate the clothing with jewels
4. The student thinks that in someway the painting depicts
A. an uncharacteristically personal message B. the grate sadness of the artist
C. the artist’s inability to return the girl’s love
D. the fulfillment of the artist’s hopes and dreams
5. What was people’s reaction to the painting?
A. They recognized Frances Graham as the model for the Beggar Maid
B. They realized how personal the painting was for the artist
C. They interpreted the painting without difficulty
D. They did not approve of the subject matter of the painting
Part 2. You will hear an interview with Cindy Talbot on the radio program, Young hero or
heroine of the week. For question 1-5, listen and answer the questions
1. How did Cindy react when she heard the thunder?
……………………………………………………………………………………………………
2. How did Cindy regard her decision to take shelter from the storm?
……………………………………………………………………………………………………
3. What were Rod and Mark doing when they saw Cindy?
……………………………………………………………………………………………………
4. What was Rod and Mark’s initial reaction to Cindy’s story?
……………………………………………………………………………………………………
5. What effect has the experience had on Cindy?
……………………………………………………………………………………………………
Part 3: You will hear an interview on a train with two friends, Jane and Chris, chefs who
both won prizes in the National Railway Chef of the Year competition. For the questions
below, decide whether the following statements are True (T) or False (F). Write your
answers in the corresponding numbered boxes
1. Christ’s attitude to the competition was that the conditions were similar to his normal routine.
2. Both Chris and Jane feel that the unique thing about their job was the need to be focused on the
job.
3. Chris and Jane would like to have more freedom of choice about what they cook on board the
train.
4. Chris said that losing his concentration when cooking caused his worst disaster.
5. Reacting to Chris's suggestion for the future, Jane would be able to take part in that kind of
activity.
Part 4. Listen to the news about Reindeer and fill in the blanks of the news summary with

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 Polar bears aren't the only (1)______________ Arctic animal threatened by climate change.
Scientists believe reindeer are at risk as a warming world makes their main winter food source
disappear. But reindeer on one Alaskan island are surprising researchers.
Historically, the reindeer population on St. Paul island ate (2) _________, a small type of
plant or fungus that grows on rocks in areas with cold weather. However, climate change has
made it harder for lichen to grow on this island, and the reindeer ate the lichen faster than it could
grow back. Researchers thought that the reindeer population would starve without access to
lichen, but these reindeer have found another way to (3)_____________.
Reindeer are not (4)_______________ to Alaska, and they were introduced to (5)________
areas around the state in the late 1800s, in order to provide an alternative food source for residents
of (6)__________ villages. In communities like St. Paul, where grocery prices are
(7)___________, residents depend on reindeer to feed their families. And to make it through
winter, the reindeer need something as well.
Fortunately, after the reindeer on this island depleted the lichen supply, they went
(8)_____________. They began digging and discovered new sources of food: roots and grass
shoots. Plants like these grow more quickly than lichen in the warmer, wetter conditions
introduced by climate change, and the reindeer’s ability to adapt to their new diet is a good sign
for the survival of the species. However, reindeer researchers are not so (9)___________. They
warn that global reindeer populations are still in danger, as climate change warms and alters their
(10)_______________, as are many other animals that depend on colder conditions to survive.
Adapted from “When Their Food Ran Out, These Reindeer Kept Digging”
Phần 2:Part 1:
A. PHRASAL VERB AND PREPOSITIONS
1. The love of life shone______the author’s book, giving me as much inspiration as I could ever
ask for.A. through B. over C. into D. upon
2. You shouldn’t take ________ more than you can handle, otherwise you’ll suffer from stress.
A. on B. over C. out D. away
3. He’s so stubborn and stupid. I just couldn’t get ________ him that he can never make money
from gambling. A. over B. out of C. across to D. out of
4. The success of our project hinges __ Mike’s ability persuade the locals to move to the renewal
quarter.A. in B. on C. about D. over
5. The government’s plans to reduce crime came __ for a lot of criticism from freedom groups.
A. across B. around C.in D. with
6. Before they open the new factory, a lot of the young people round here were _____ the dole.
A. on B. in C. over D. above
7. The two countries met at the conference to iron _______ their differences.
A. on B. Out C. over D. into
8. He tried to paper _______ the country’s deep-seated problems.
A. over B. with C. Into D. down
9. Linda chats so much; she could talk the hind leg _______ a donkey.
A. up to B. over C. off D. under
10. I’m going to put my head _______ for a while as I feel very tired.
A. down B. over C. up D. through
B. COLLOCATION AND IDIOMS (10PTS)
Choose the best options to complete the following sentences.
1. I had to get through a lot of__________tape, but I finally got the documents I needed.
A. red B. blue C. link D. yellow
2. The hospital staff pulled out all the _______ to make sure the children had a wonderful day.
A. roadblocks B. barricades C. plugs D. stops
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3. Neither side is prepared to _____ an inch in the negotiations.
A. stirB. budge C. push D. bend
4. Congressman Saunders fired the opening _______ during a heated debate on capital
punishment.A. salvo B. barrage C. cannonade D. burst
5. I like the way people here always queue up. Back home we just push and shove, and the devil
take the ________!A. outermost B. foremost C. hindmost D. utmost
6. The manager attached himself to the luncheon club and became a _______ fixture there.
A. perennial B. enduring C. stable D. permanent
7. I was so hungry, and that meal was absolutely delicious! It was just what the _______ ordered.
A. scientist B. doctor C. expert D. healer
8. Although the Government has increased allocations to the social sector by as much as 40 per
cent, State funding still falls ___ short of needs. A. well B. totally C. severely D. abjectly
9. Last week’s violence was _______ condemned by foreign governments.
A. grimly B. roundly C. roughly D. bitingly
10. . Let me know of any pertinent developments, keep me in the ______.
A. sphere B. ring C. circle D. loop
Part 2: Read the passage below which contains 10 mistakes. Identify the mistakes and write the
Russia election: Vladimir Putin wins by big margin
line 1 Vladimir Putin will lead Russia for other six years, after securing an expected
line 2 victory in Sunday's president election.
line 3 Mr Putin, who has ruled the country as neither president or prime minister since
line 4 1999, got more than 76% of the vote, official results shows. The main opposition
line 5 leader, Alexei Navalny, was barred from the race. Addressed a rally in Moscow, Mr
line 6 Putin said voters had "recognised the achievements of the last few years".
line 7 Speaking to reporters after the results announced, he laughed at a question about
line 8 running again in another six years. "What you are saying is a bit funny. Do you
line 8 think that I will stay here until I'm 100 years old? No!" he said. The scale of victory
line 10 - which had been widely predicted - appears to be a markedly increase in his share
line 11 of the vote from 2012, when he won 64%. Mr Putin's nearest competitor, millionaire
line 12 communist Pavel Grudinin, received about 12%. The race also included Ksenia
line 13 Sobchak, a formal reality TV host, and veteran nationalist Vladimir Zhirinovsky -
line 14 they got less than 2% and about 6% respectedly. Mr Putin's campaign team said it
line 15 was an "incredible victory". "The percentage that we have just seen speaks for itself.
line 16 It's a mandate which Putin needs for future decisions, and he has a lot of them to
line 17 do," a spokesman told Russia's Interfax.
Line Mistake Correction
Example 1 other another
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2.
3.
4.
5.
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7.

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9.
10.

Part 3: For questions 1 - 10, choose the correct answer to fill each space. Write your answers
Very few of us would admit putting much trust in horoscopes and the fact that the movements of
astronomical bodies _________ (1) to earthly occurrences affecting peoples' everyday lives.
We all know about the zodiac signs which reflect the position of the sun, the moon and the planets
at the moment of a man's birth and about the peculiar characteristics _________ (2) to them by
astrologers. We say we will take these phenomena with a pinch of salt while we keep _________
(3) our eyes over them in every tabloid we lay our hands on. Most frequently, we expect
horoscopes to predict the future, to ___________ (4) our optimistic mood with a piece of
comforting information or to ___________ (5) our ego by confirming the superlative features that
we tend to attribute to our zodiacs. However, there's no scientific evidence to ___________ (6) the
assumption that human existence is so closely __________ (7) with the parameters of the celestial
bodies. Our curiosity in horoscopes may, then, _________(8) our sheer fascination with the
unexplained or the unpredictable as well as in the enticing insight into the future that the
horoscopes offer, thus establishing the sense of our __________ (9) an extreme power over our
own lives. An additional explanation is that humans tend to have a soft _______ (10) for any form
of flattery, which is the fact to which astrologers and the horoscope writers seem to attach the
greatest deal of weight.
1. A. rely B. correspond C. match D. compare
2. A. identified B. associated C. incorporated D. ascribed
3. A. running B. sending C. fixing D. putting
4. A. restore B. adjust C. upgrade D. reassure
5. A. boost B. escalate C. revitalize D. improve
6. A. conclude B. concede C. corroborate D. confound
7. A. fused B. adhered C. coalesced D. intertwined
8. A. stem B. crop C. rear D. dawn
9. A. disposing B. wielding C. effecting D. committing
10. A. pit B. dot C. spot D. nick
Part 4: For questions 1 - 10, fill each of the following numbered blanks with ONE suitable
BICYCLE SAFETY
Having to obey rules and regulations when riding a bike is (0) __one__ of the first
experiences children have of the idea of obeying the law. However, a large number of children are
left to learn the rules by trial and (1) ______, instead of being guided by experienced (2) _______.
Every year, hundreds of children visit the doctor or the hospital casualty department (3) ______
crashing on their bikes. This could be easily prevented by (4) _______ them the basics of bicycle
safety. Ideally, children should be allowed to ride only in safe places, such as parks and cycle
tracks. When this is not possible, and they are permitted to go on the (5) ______, it is important to
teach them some basic safety principles.
First, they ought to learn and obey the rules of the road, which (6) _______ traffic signs,
signals and road markings. Second, they should always wear a helmet. Studies have shown that
wearing bicycle helmets can (7) ______ head injuries by up to 85 per cent. In many places,
helmets are required by law, particularly (8) _______ children. Finally, children should be made
to understand (9) _______ importance of riding in areas that are brightly lit and of wearing clothes
that make (10) _______ clearly visible on the road.
Part 5. Read the passage and choose the best answer to each of the questions. (12 pts)
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 Legend has it that sometime toward the end of the Civil War (1861-1865) a government
train carrying oxen traveling through the northern plains of eastern Wyoming was caught in a
snowstorm and had to be abandoned. The driver returned the next spring to see what had become
of his cargo. Instead of the skeletons he had expected to find, he saw his oxen, living, fat, and
healthy. How had they survived?

The answer lay in a resource that unknowing Americans lands trampled underfoot in their
haste to cross the "Great American Desert" to reach lands that sometimes proved barren. In the
eastern parts of the United States, the preferred grass for forage was a cultivated plant. It grew
well with enough rain, then when cut and stored it would cure and become nourishing hay for
winter feed. But in the dry grazing lands of the West that familiar bluejoint grass was often killed
by drought. To raise cattle out there seemed risky or even hopeless.
Who could imagine a fairy-tale grass that required no rain and somehow made it possible
for cattle to feed themselves all winter? But the surprising western wild grasses did just that. They
had wonderfully convenient features that made them superior to the cultivated eastern grasses.
Variously known as buffalo grass, grama grass, or mesquite grass, not only were they immune to
drought; but they were actually preserved by the lack of summer and autumn rains. They were not
juicy like the cultivated eastern grasses, but had short, hard stems. And they did not need to be
cured in a barn, but dried right where they grew on the ground. When they dried in this way, they
remained naturally sweet and nourishing through the winter. Cattle left outdoors to fend for
themselves thrived on this hay. And the cattle themselves helped plant the fresh grass year after
year for they trampled the natural seeds firmly into the soil to be watered by the melting snows of
winter and the occasional rains of spring. The dry summer air cured them much as storing in a
bam cured the cultivated grasses.
1. What does the passage mainly discuss?A. A type of wild vegetation B. Western
migration after Civil WarC. The raising of cattle D. The climate of the Western United States
2. What can be inferred by the phrase "Legend has it" in line I?·
A. Most history book include the story of the train.
B. The story of the train is similar to other ones from that time period. C. The driver of the train
invented the story. D. The story of the train may not be completed factual.
3. The word "they" in line 4 refers to ….. .A. plains B. skeletons C. oxen D. Americans
4. What can be inferred about the "Great American Desert" mentioned in line 7? A. Many had
settled there by the 1860's.B. It was not originally assumed to be a fertile area.C. It was a popular
place to raise cattle before the Civil War. D. It was not discovered until the late 1800's.
5. The word "barren" in line 7 is closed in meaning to …………… "
A. lonely B. uncomfortable C. infertile D. dangerous
6. The word "preferred" in line 8 is closed in meaning to ………….. .
A. favored B. available C. ordinary D. required
7. Which of the following can be inferred about the cultivated grass mentioned in the second
paragraph? A. Cattle raised in the Western United States refused to eat it.
B. It had to be imported into the United States.C. It would probably not grow in the western
United States.D. It was difficult for cattle to digest.
8. Which of the following was NOT one of the names given to the western grasses?
A. Mesquite grass B. Bluejoint grass C. Buffalo grass D. Grama grass
9. Which of the following was NOT mentioned as a characteristic of western grasses?
A. They contain little moisture B. They have tough stems
C. They can be grown indoors D. They are not affected by dry weather
10. According to the passage, the cattle help promote the growth of the wild grass by ………"
A. eating only small quantities of grass.B. continually moving from one grazing area to another.
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C. naturally fertilizing the soil.D. stepping on and pressing the seeds into the ground.
Part 6. Read the following passage and do the tasks that follow. (12 pts)
A After hours of driving south in the pitch-black darkness of the Nevada desert, a dome of hazy
gold suddenly appears on the horizon. Soon, a road sign confirms the obvious: Las Vegas 30
miles. Looking skyward, you notice that the Big Dipper is harder to find than it was an hour ago.
B Light pollution—the artificial light that illuminates more than its intended target area—has
become a problem of increasing concern across the country over the past 15 years. In the suburbs,
where over-lit shopping mall parking lots are the norm, only 200 of the Milky Way’s 2,500 stars
are visible on a clear night. Even fewer can be seen from large cities. In almost every town, big
and small, street lights beam just as much light up and out as they do down, illuminating much
more than just the street. Almost 50 percent of the light emanating from street lamps misses its
intended target, and billboards, shopping centres, private homes and skyscrapers are similarly
over-illuminated.
C America has become so bright that in a satellite image of the United States at night, the outline
of the country is visible from its lights alone. The major cities are all there, in bright clusters: New
York, Boston, Miami, Houston, Los Angeles, Seattle, Chicago, and, of course, Las Vegas. Mark
Adams, superintendent of the McDonald Observatory in west Texas, says that the very fact that
city lights are visible from on high is proof of their wastefulness. “When you’re up in an airplane,
all that light you see on the ground from the city is wasted. It’s going up into the night sky. That’s
why you can see it.”
D But don’t we need all those lights to ensure our safety? The answer from light engineers, light
pollution control advocates and astronomers is an emphatic “no.” Elizabeth Alvarez of the
International Dark Sky Association (IDA), a non-profit organization in Tucson, Arizona, says that
overly bright security lights can actually force neighbours to close the shutters, which means that
if any criminal activity does occur on the street, no one will see it. And the old assumption that
bright lights deter crime appears to have been a false one: A new Department of Justice report
concludes that there is no documented correlation between the level of lighting and the level of
crime in an area. And contrary to popular belief, more crimes occur in broad daylight than at
night.
E For drivers, light can actually create a safety hazard. Glaring lights can temporarily blind
drivers, increasing the likelihood of an accident. To help prevent such accidents, some cities and
states prohibit the use of lights that impair night-time vision. For instance, New Hampshire law
forbids the use of “any light along a highway so positioned as to blind or dazzle the vision of
travellers on the adjacent highway.”
F Badly designed lighting can pose a threat to wildlife as well as people. Newly hatched turtles in
Florida move toward beach lights instead of the more muted silver shimmer of the ocean.
Migrating birds, confused by lights on skyscrapers, broadcast towers and lighthouses, are injured,
sometimes fatally, after colliding with high, lighted structures. And light pollution harms air
quality as well: Because most of the country’s power plants are still powered by fossil fuels, more
light means more air pollution.
G So what can be done? Tucson, Arizona is taking back the night. The city has one of the best
lighting ordinances in the country, and, not coincidentally, the highest concentration of
observatories in the world. Kitt Peak National Optical Astronomy Observatory has 24 telescopes
aimed skyward around the city’s perimeter, and its cadre of astronomers needs a dark sky to work
with.
H For a while, that darkness was threatened. “We were totally losing the night sky,” Jim Singleton
of Tucson’s Lighting Committee told Tulsa, Oklahoma’s KOTV last March. Now, after
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retrofitting inefficient mercury lighting with low-sodium lights that block light from “trespassing”
into unwanted areas like bedroom windows, and by doing away with some unnecessary lights
altogether, the city is softly glowing rather than brightly beaming. The same thing is happening in
a handful of other states, including Texas, which just passed a light pollution bill last summer.
“Astronomers can get what they need at the same time that citizens get what they need: safety,
security and good visibility at night,” says McDonald Observatory’s Mark Adams, who provided
testimony at the hearings for the bill.
I And in the long run, everyone benefits from reduced energy costs. Wasted energy from
inefficient lighting costs us between $1 and $2 billion a year, according to IDA. The city of San
Diego, which installed new, high-efficiency street lights after passing a light pollution law in
1985, now saves about $3 million a year in energy costs.
J Legislation isn’t the only answer to light pollution problems. Brian Greer, Central Ohio
representative for the Ohio Light Pollution Advisory Council, says that education is just as
important, if not more so. “There are some special situations where regulation is the only fix,” he
says. “But the vast majority of bad lighting is simply the result of not knowing any better.” Simple
actions like replacing old bulbs and fixtures with more efficient and better-designed ones can
make a big difference in preserving the night sky.
Questions 1- 6The first six paragraphs of the reading passage are lettered A-F.
NB There are more headings than paragraphs, so you will not use them all.
List of Headings
I .Why lights are needed 1. Paragraph A
ii. Lighting discourages law breakers 2. Paragraph B
iii. The environmental dangers 3. Paragraph C
iv. People at risk from bright lights 4. Paragraph D
v. Illuminating space 5. Paragraph E
vi. A problem lights do not solve 6. Paragraph F
vii. Seen from above
viii. More light than is necessary
ix. Approaching the city
Questions 7-10Complete each of the following statements with words taken from the passage.
Write ONE or TWO WORDS for each answer.
7) According to a recent study, well-lit streets do not ……...... or make neighbourhoods safer to live in.
8) Inefficient lighting increases ............. because most electricity is produced from coal, gas or oil.
9) Efficient lights .................... from going into areas where it is not needed.
10) In dealing with light pollution .................... is at least as important as passing new laws.
Part 7. You are going to read some reviews of art events. For questions 1 - 10, choose
from
In which review is the following mentioned?
Institutions could suffer because of a thoughtless act. 1
Many different styles offered by artists in Europe. 2
A substantial amount of time needed to complete one piece of work. 3
Land and sea treated very differently. 4
Paintings about other paintings. 5
Man's negative impact on the environment. 6
Finding ways to payoff debts. 7
A primitive style of interior decoration. 8
Showing how something is set up for public viewing. 9

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 Fantasy images based on a real environment. 10
Reviews of art events
A Ben Cook and Phil Whiting
Landscape, such a dominant theme in Cornwall, has the chalk and cheese treatment from two
artists showing in Penzance this month. At Cornwall Contemporary Gallery Ben Cook " uses
abstract vocabulary to make almost entirely conceptual references. His use of found objects and
time spent surfing drew him to look at the processes involved in surfboard manufacture. Based on
these, his constructions and paintings combine areas of high resist, high speed, water deflecting
sheen with those tempered by wax to produce mottled, opaque, non-slip surfaces that smack of
stone and solidity. Phil Whiting is a painter. His vigorous use of materials - acrylics in thick
impasto inks, charcoal applied with a brush, knife and 'whatever' - recalls a terrain smarting from
the brute force of man's misuse of it. This is not the celebrated, picturesque Cornwall we so often
see but its dirty, rain-soaked underbelly, a landscape left bereft by voracious mining and
haphazard industrial development.
B Shanti Panchal
I It is almost thirty years since Shanti Panchal first came from India to study art in London, where
he has lived ever since. This retrospective at Chelmsford Museum elucidates his distinctive,
radical water-colourist's achievement. Growing lip in a Gujarati village, he decorated local houses
I with Images of birds and animals. As a Bombay art student, cave paintings and images from Jain
temples inspired him, and as a student in Europe, he was drawn to medieval icons. It is erroneous
to say that his work is characterised by poignant nostalgia for India. The paintings are not
nostalgic. Rather they evoke with subtle clarity what it is like to be exiled and dispossessed while
at the same time rooted inalienably in nature and the cosmos.Every watercolour is multi-layered,
giving a similar surface to Buddhist cave paintings. It can take days in order to face Nhat is going
to happen in a piece. Each picture takes weeks and sometimes months. Recent pictures include
portraits and even a homage to Frida Kahlo, a painter that Shanti respects immensely.
C Iwan Gwyn Parry
Ian Gwyn Parry's first solo exhibition at Martin Tinney Gallery in Cardiff is a significant event.
Until now the artist has shown mostly in North Wales. Now there is an opportunity to experience,
further south, a coherent and powerful assemblage of his latest work. It is clear the show will be
something special. For these remarkable landscapes and seascapes appear to have emerged from
deep within his psyche and are a highly imaginative response to a coastal terrain familiar to the
artist. There is a strong sense of mysticism, the painting suffused with ethereal vapours and
incandescent light; there are restless swathes of deep orange and yellow. The seascapes are
haunting and elemental while the landscapes are more reflective studies in grey, black and white.
His oil The Irish Sea, for example is on an awesome scale, its seething waters of churning paint
intensely lit by a low sun. Definitely a show not to be missed.
D Art auctions
Of the top three Modern British sales last month, it was Christie's who kicked off the,
proceedings, but not without controversy. Bury district council, in their wisdom, auctioned a
major painting by LS. Lowry so as to cover a £10 million shortfall in their finances. The £1.2
million hammer price, less expenses, will not make all that much difference but the
issue has raised the wrath of the Museums Association, who in future, could block lottery and
National Arts Collection Fund resources in all aspects of museum and gallery development. Bury
may well live to regret their foolhardy action as current and future donators will also not be
encouraged to gift works of art which could be sold on a whim. Bonhams followed ten days later
with a good but not exceptional sale of which a solid 70% was sold and totaled £2.3 million.

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It was then Sotheby's turn to shine which they succeeded in doing, with 80% of lots sold and an
impressive total of £7.7 million, though some way behind their arch rival. Records were broken
for works by Sir Winston Churchill, former British Prime Minister.
E Andrew Grassie
Andrew Grassie's exhibition at Maureen Paley Gallery is aptly entitled 'Installation', since it
provides a look backstage at the rituals involved in hanging an exhibition before it officially opens
to the public. To achieve this, Grassie devised and followed a pre-determined strategy, namely:
"Install a series of paintings at the gallery depicting last year's previous exhibitions during their
installation. Each painting should hang at the very spot from which the image was taken, enabling
the viewer to compare views of the space." The result is five jewel-like paintings, each one
painstakingly copied from a mid-installation photograph taken by Grassie before the opening of
the previous year's shows. The paintings are executed with such detail that it is difficult at times to
uncover the illusion that these are photographs rather than paintings.
F Story
Alexia Goethe has selected fourteen artists, including six resident in the UK and four from
Leipzig, for her show 'Story'. She seeks to demonstrate that whatever technique is used - painting,
text, video, photograph or concept - and regardless of style, the artist is telling a story. The tales
being told made me come away feeling a sense of recovery. Tales of politics, war, social unrest,
personal tragedy, to name just a few, are depicted here. Jin Meng who now resides in Europe,
produces exquisitely framed views from the present onto China's past. Political statues, glimpsed
from a deserted bedroom, evoke the vast changes sweeping his birthplace. Jean Tinguely's kinetic
assemblages illustrate how the mechanical is subverted into the amusing and the desirable. This is
an eclectic mix of treasures that can't fail to shock, amuse and move
Part 8: 1.Where the real cause of the decline in the competition’s popularity lies is still debatable.
(SPOT)
→ It is open ...................................................................................................
2. People who often talk too much about unimportant things do not appeal to me. (DONKEY)
→ I’m not in ............................................................................
3 It’s bad I failed to do my share of the job. (WEIGHT)
→ I would like ........................................................................................
4. That this celebrity keeps her own affairs away from public attention is of great importance.
(PROFILE)
→ It is advisable that this .....................................................................................................
5. Looking back, I have a feeling that they gave the deceptive information about the case. (BOOKS)
→ In................................................................................................
6. I don't mind which make of car you choose.
It is of ………………………………………………………………… make of car you choose.
7. You should always be grateful for what you are given. horse
You should ………………………………………………….. the mouth.
8. He promised to look into my case personally. assurance
He ………………………………………............………….. look into my case personally.
9. The prisoner was unrepentant about the suffering he had caused. remorse
The prisoner ........................................................................... the suffering he had caused.
10. She‘s only happy when somebody does all her jobs for her. DANCES
She‘s only happy when .....................................................................
Part 9: Write an essay about 350 words regarding the topic:
The best way to solve the world's environmental problems is to increase the cost of fuel. To
what extent do you agree or disagree?

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TEST 2
Phần 1: Part one. Questions 1-5Listen to an interview with a young film director, Lauren
Casio
1. Lauren was encouraged to follow a career as a film because her teacher ______
A. could see that she had potential.B. found her early attempts highly original.
C. were impressed by her level o motivation.D. appreciated her ability to work within a
budget.2. How does Lauren respond when asked about critics of film school?
A. She think they would benefit from going to one.
B. She defends the record of the one that she attended.
C. She agrees that it’s less useful for certain types of work.
D. She regrets that it is the only option for poorer students.
3. Lauren didn’t start making full-length feature films sooner because______
A. She wanted to be sure of her ability first.B. She had a bad experience with an early
attempt.C. She wasn’t lucky enough to have the opportunity.
D. She didn’t manage to find the financial backing she needed.
4. How does Lauren feel now about the film Hidden Valley Dreams?
A. She regrets the setting she chose for it.
B. She regards it as being far from perfect.
C. She’s surprised that it’s proved so popular.
D. She wishes she’d spent more time on the plot.
5. How does Lauren feel when she goes to give talks in schools?
A. unsure whether to reveal her humble background.
B. worried that she might give the kids unrealistic ambitions.
C. slightly uncomfortable with the idea of being a role model.
D. concerned that she may not command the respect of the students.
Part 2. For questions 6-10, you will hear a lecture on Energy. statements are True (T) or False
6. According to the lecture, solar-powered cars are impractical.
7. The diesel engine was first produced in 1824.
8. The diesel engine cost more to run.
9. Diesel engines emit fewer air pollutants than petrol-driven engines.
10. Diesel engines are noisier and vibrate more.
Part 3Listen to VOA news. Complete the summary by writing NO MORE THAN THREE
Israel has declared a 12-hour long 16. _____________________ in Gaza, which would start
around 17._____________________ local time. The pause in fighting between 18.
_____________________ and Israelis aims at solving the 19. _____________________ that
have resulted in the deadly violence between the two sides. WHO is calling for a 20.
_____________________to transport the wounded out of the 21. _____________________.
Nigeria has confirm the 22. _____________________ after a man in Lagos tested 23.
_____________________ . 24. _____________________ have been killed by the virus this year.
Also in northern Nigeria, a 25. _____________________has serious effect on the health of many

10
HIV/AIDS patients. 30,000 medical officials choose not to work as a way to rescue the frail health
care system of the country.
Phần II:Part 1:A. PHRASAL VERBS AND PREPOSITIONS (5PTS)
21. You are going to need her help. If I were you, I’d ___________ a bit. I’d try to get her on my
side, you know what I mean.A. soap her down B. oil her overC. butter her up D. grease her
out
22. There is a great deal of pressure in the newspaper industry; editor might work a 12-hour day
with no _________. A. come-down B. letdown C. crackdown D. let-up
23. The first round of interviews only really serves to _________ the very weakest of applicants.
A. tide over B. beat about C. bark up D. weed out
24. They will need time to _________ the proposals we have submitted.
A. lash out B. scroll over C. shrivel up D. mull over
25. The kids are _________ in the steam-filled room, and the girl seems grateful for adult
conversation.A. impinging on B. larking about C. ploughing ahead D. floating
out
26. Both the favourite and then the second favourite pulled out. Naturally, we thought we were
_________ a chance. A in with B up for C in for D up with
27. The man in the market was selling leather coats very cheaply: they were such bargains that
were soon ______ .A.cleared off B.done for C.bought out D.
snapped up
28. Our teacher tends to ______ certain subjects which she finds difficult to talk about
A.boil down B.string along C. skate over D.track down
29. He likes nothing better than to spend his Sunday mornings _________ in the gardens.
A. pottering about B. hanging around C. whiling away D.winding down
30. James kept trying to _________ his duties, but his manager told him if he didn’t start taking
responsibility for his work he would have to leave the company.
A. beaver away B. weasel out of C. chicken out of D. clam up
B. COLLOCATIONS AND IDIOMS (5PTS)
31. Normally, when he was late, he gave a pathetic excuse, but not this time, what he said had a
______ of truth about it. A. figment B. glimmer C. ring D. shred
32. The football fans were coming in _______ to watch the final game. An hour before the kickoff
the stadium was packed full.A. fingers and thumbs B. bits and bobs
C. dribs and drabs D. bibs and tuckers
33. The Government is trying to ________when it says it will spend more on the health service
without raising taxes.A. chew the fat B. wave the flag
C. square the circle D. put the lid
34. The government is using the taxes from the working class to bail out the banks that ruined the
economy? That really ________!A. sows wild oats B. spills the beans
C. takes the biscuit D. upsets the apple cart
35. They will provide a lot of amusement hopping _______ over the rocks from one puddle to
another.A. up and down B. in and out C. back and forth D. back to front
36. The candidate’s optimism gave _______ to doubt as the result ofs of exit polls became known.
A. place B. lie C. vent D. voice
37. We’d been working hard for a month and so decided to go out and _______.
A. paint the town red B. face the music C. read between the lines D. steal the show
38. The country is an economic ______ with chronic unemployment and rampant crime.
A. lost cause B. basket case C. false dawn D. dark horse
39. The opposition protests against the government now threaten to get out of ______ and the
security forces are likely to make arrests around the country today.
11
A. reach B. kilter C. hand D. ordinary
40. I’m not sure I can answer that. I’ve only thought about it in the ____________before.
A. general B. hypothetical C. indefinite D. abstract
Part 2:
The passage below contains 10 mistakes. For questions 1- 10, find out and correct them.
It was the human factor that contributes to the absolute majority of road accidents which
involves the tremendous toll of fatalities each year. Other, less decisive, causes are vehicle
functions or road shortcomings. Speeding motorists are notorious about failing to give way at
junctions, judging the situation on the road or being unable to accurately estimate the distance
while overtaking the “snailpacers” ahead. Drinkers who settle behind the wheel after one glass or
two may be running the risk of causing a tragedy through their impairing perception, which is not
so rare a case, again.
Unfortunately, it is much simpler to introduce the necessary alterations in the traffic system
that change the behavioural patterns of drivers. There are voices that more severe disciplinary
resolutions ought to put into practice if the vehicle users are to benefit from greater security on the
road. The idea of producing safe road users through pre-school parental instruction or through
incorporating the safety regulations for school curriculum has been widely acclaimed in many
communities and are expected to yield the required results as the first step in bettering the
qualifications of the future drivers and acquaint them with the potential hazards that may arise en
route.
1. ……… 2……… 3……… 4……… 5………
6……… 7……… 8……… 9……… 10………
Part 3: Question 1: Read the following passage and decide which answer (A, B, C, or D) best
fits each gap. Write your answers in corresponding numbered boxes. (10 pts) (CAE builder)
Gerard Mercator: The Man Who Mapped the Planet
When Gerard Mercator was born in 1512, the geography of the globe still (0)___ remained
______a mystery. It was unclear whether America was part of Asia, if there was a vast (1)
_________of sea at the top of the world or if Australia was connected to Antarctica.
Mercator’s childhood was spent chiefly in Rupelmonde, a Flemish trading town on the
river, and it was here that his geographical imagination was (2) _________by the ships which
passed to and from the rest of the world. Alongside imagination, he developed two very different
skills. The first was the ability to gather, (3) _________and co-ordinate the geographical
information provided by explorers and sailors who frequented the margins of the known. He also
had to be able to imagine himself (4) _________from the heavens, to achieve the visionary (5)
_________of gods in the skies, (6) _________ down on the world. The main reason why
Mercator’s name is familiar to us is because of the Mercator Projection: the solution he
(7)_________to represent the spheroidal surface of the globe on a two-dimensional plane. It is
less well known that Mercator was the first man to conceive of mapping the (8)
_________surface of the planet or that he (9) _________the idea of multiple maps being
presented in bound books, to which he gave the name ‘Atlas’.
It is difficult for us now to be surprised by maps, so many are there, and of such detail and
coverage, but we should bear in mind that Mercator lived at a time when such knowledge was far
from (10) _________. He was the man who altered our worldview forever.
0. A. remained B. continued C. maintained D. endured
1. A. territory B. distance C. range D. expanse
2. A. raised B. reared C. supplied D. nourished
3. A. congregate B. amass C. assimilate D. construct
4. A. suspended B. located C. situated D. attached
5. A. inspection B. observation C. perspective D. assessment
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6. A. glimpsing B. scrutinizing C. watching D. gazing
7. A. invented B. contrived C. devised D. schemed
8. A. sheer B. full C. entire D. utter
9. A. pioneered B. initiated C. lead D. prepared
10. A. typical B. common C. routine D. normal
Question 4: Read the text below and think of the word which best fits each space. Use only
one word in each space. (CPE succeed)
Karaoke fever
Karaoke is fast (0)____becoming_____ the nation’s Number One party pastime. Public
humiliation has (1)_________ been so fashionable. It’s 1 a.m. at an exclusive location in the
heart of London. A major pop singer has taken the stage but rather than sing her latest hit, she
treats the crowd (2)_________ a Michael Jackson song. What was (3) _________ the party
habit of teenagers is now favoured by London’s coolest crowd and everyone is having a (4)
_________. So why are so many of our young celebrities queueing up to make fools of (5)
_________ in clubs and bars across the country? Maybe it’s because belting (6) _________ a
naff pop song to a public audience shows that even though you may be a celebrity, you don’t (7)
_________ yourself too seriously. And if you are a big movie star, that’s a good message to get
across. Nobody gets away without being laughed (8) _________ on a karaoke evening, no matter
how famous they are. (9) _________ all, that’s the whole point of the exercise. But for the
musical experts among you, a word of warning: this isn’t about proving to the world that you
know all the lyrics to a serious song. It’s about expressing your inner performer. Don’t bother
(10) _________ up at a karaoke night if you aren’t prepared to sing; you’ve got to put in the
effort and prove that you are one of the ‘in-crowd’. Break a leg!
1. …………… 2. …………… 3. …………… 4. …………… 5. ……………
6. …………… 7. …………… 8. …………… 9. …………… 10. ………..…
Part 5: Read the passage and choose one of four options to answer the questions (10 points)
It is estimated that over 99 percent of all species that ever existed have become extinct. What
causes extinction? When a species is no longer adapted to a change environment, it may perish.
The exact causes of a species’ death vary from situation to situation. Rapid ecological change may
render an environment hostile to a species. For example, temperatures may change and a species
may not be adapt. Food resources may be affected by environmental changes, which will then
cause problems for a species requiring these resources. Other species may become better adapted
to an environment, resulting in competition and, ultimately, in the death of a species.
The fossil record reveals that extinction has occurred throughout the history of Earth. Recent
analyses have also revealed that on some occasions many species became extinct at the same time
- a mass extinction. One of the best - known examples of mass extinction occurred 65 million
years ago with the demise of dinosaurs and many other forms of life. Perhaps the largest mass
extinction was the one that occurred 225 million years ago, when approximately 95 percent of all
species died. Mass extinctions can be caused by a relatively rapid change in the environment and
can be worsened by the close interrelationship of many species. If, for example, something were
to happen to destroy much of the plankton in the oceans, then the oxygen content of Earth would
drop, affection even organisms not living in the oceans. Such a change would probably lead to
amass extinction. One interesting, and controversial, finding is that extinctions during the past
250 million years have tended to be more intense every 26 million years. The periodic extinction
might be due to intersection of the earth’s orbit with a cloud of comets, but this theory is purely
speculative. Some researchers have also speculated that extinction may often be random. That is,
certain species may be eliminated and others may survive for no particular reason. A species’
survival may have nothing to do with its ability or inability to adapt. If so, some of revolutionary
history may reflect a sequence of essentially random events.
13
1: The underlined word “ ultimately “ is closest in meaning to
A. exceptionally B. unfortunately C. eventually D. dramatically
2: What does the author say in paragraph 1 regarding most species in Earth’s history?
A. They have been able to adapt to ecological changes.B. They have caused rapid change in the
environment .C. They have remained basically unchanged from their original forms
D. They are no longer in existence.
3: Which of the following is NOT mentioned in paragraph 1 as resulting from rapid ecological
change?A. Availability of food resources B. Introduction of new species
C. Temperature changes D. Competition among species
4: The word “demise” is closest in meaning to
A. help B. death. C. recovery D. change
5: Why is “ plankton” mentioned in the second paragraph?
A. To emphasize the importance of food resources in preventing mass extinction
B. To illustrate a comparison between organisms that live on the land and those that live in the
ocean C. To point out that certain species could never become extinct
D. To demonstrate the interdependence of different species
6: According to paragraph 2, evidence from fossils suggests that
A. There has been only one mass extinction in Earth’s history.
B. Extinction of species has occurred from time to time throughout Earth’s history.
C. Extinctions on Earth have generally been massive.
D. Dinosaurs became extinct much earlier than scientists originally believed.
7: The underlined word “ finding” is closest in meaning to
A. published information B. research methodC. scientific discovery. D. ongoing experiment
8: Which of the following can be inferred from the theory of periodic extinction mentioned in
paragraph 3?A. The theory is no longer seriously considered.
B. Most scientists believe the theory to be accurate.
C. Many scientists could be expected to disagree with it.
D. Evidence to support the theory has recently been found.
9: In paragraph 3, the author makes which of the following statements about a species’ survival?
A. It is associated with astronomical condition
B. It may depend on chance events.C. It does not vary greatly from species to species\
D. It reflects the interrelationship of may species.
10: According to the passage, it is believed that the largest extinction of the species occurred
A. 65 million years ago B. 250 million years ago
C. 225 million years ago D. 26 million years ago
Part 6. Read the following passage then do the tasks that follow. (10 points)
HOW DOES THE BIOLOGICAL CLOCK TICK?
A. Our life span is restricted. Everyone accepts this as 'biologically' obvious. ‘Nothing lives for
ever!’ However, in this statement we think of artificially produced, technical objects, products
which are subjected to natural wear and tear during use. This leads to the result that at some time
or other the object stops working and is unusable ('death' in the biological sense). But are the wear
and tear and loss of function of technical objects and the death of living organisms really similar
or comparable?
B. Our ‘dead’ products are ‘static’, closed systems. It is always the basic material which
constitutes the object and which, in the natural course of things, is worn down and becomes
'older’. Ageing in this case must occur according to the laws of physical chemistry and of
thermodynamics. Although the same law holds for a living organism, the result of this law is not
inexorable in the same way. At least as long as a biological system has the ability to renew itself it
could actually become older without ageing; an organism is an open, dynamic system through
14
which new material continuously flows. Destruction of old material and formation of new
material are thus in permanent dynamic equilibrium. The material of which the organism is
formed changes continuously. Thus our bodies continuously exchange old substance for new, just
like a spring which more or less maintains its form and movement, but in which the water
molecules are always different.
C. Thus ageing and death should not be seen as inevitable, particularly as the organism possesses
many mechanisms for repair. It is not, in principle, necessary for a biological system to age and
die. Nevertheless, a restricted life span, ageing, and then death are basic characteristics of life. The
reason for this is easy to recognise: in nature, the existent organisms either adapt or are regularly
replaced by new types. Because of changes in the genetic material (mutations) these have new
characteristics and in the course of their individual lives they are tested for optimal or better
adaptation to the environmental conditions. Immortality would disturb this system - it needs room
for new and better life. This is the basic problem of evolution
D. Every organism has a life span which is highly characteristic. There are striking differences in
life span between different species, but within one species the parameter is relatively constant. For
example, the average duration of human life has hardly changed in thousands of years. Although
more and more people attain an advanced age as a result of developments in medical care and
better nutrition, the characteristic upper limit for most remains 80 years. A further argument
against the simple wear and tear theory is the observation that the time within which organisms
age lies between a few days (even a few hours for unicellular organisms) and several thousand
years, as with mammoth trees.
E. If a lifespan is a genetically determined biological characteristic, it is logically necessary to
propose the existence of an internal clock, which in some way measures and controls the aging
process and which finally determines death as the last step in a fixed programme. Like the fife
span, the metabolic rate has for different organisms a fixed mathematical relationship to the body
mass. In comparison to the life span this relationship is ‘inverted’: the larger the organism the
lower its metabolic rate. Again this relationship is valid not only for birds, but also, similarly on
average within the systematic unit, for all other organisms (plants, animals, unicellular
organisms).
F. Animals which behave ‘frugally’ with energy become particularly old for example, crocodiles
and tortoises. Parrots and birds of prey are often held chained up. Thus they are not able to
‘experience life’ and so they attain a high life span in captivity. Animals which save energy by
hibernation or lethargy (e.g. bats or hedgehogs) live much longer than those which are always
active, The metabolic rate of mice can be reduced by a very low consumption of food (hunger
diet) They then may live twice as long as their well fed comrades. Women become distinctly
(about 10 per cent) older than men. If you examine the metabolic rates of the two sexes you
establish that the higher male metabolic rate roughly accounts for the lower male life span. That
means that they live life ‘energetically’ - more intensively, but not for as long.
G. It follows from the above that sparing use of energy reserves should tend to extend life.
Extreme high performance sports may lead to optimal cardiovascular performance, but they quite
certainly do not prolong life. Relaxation lowers metabolic rate, as does adequate sleep and in
general an equable and balanced personality. Each of us can develop his or her own ‘energy
saving programme’ with a little self observation, critical self-control and, above all, logical
consistency. Experience will show that to live in this way not only increases the life span but is
also very healthy. This final aspect should not be forgotten.
The Reading Passage has seven paragraphs, A-G,
For question 1-6, choose the correct heading for paragraphs A-G from the list of headings
LIST OF HEADINGS
i The biological clock
15
 ii Why dying is beneficial
iii The ageing process of men and women
iv Prolonging your life
v Limitations of life span
vi Modes of development of different species
vii A stable life span despite improvements
viii Energy consumption
ix Fundamental differences in ageing of objects and organisms
x Repair of genetic material
Example answer: Paragraph A: v
Your answers
1. Paragraph B …............. 2. Paragraph C …............. 3. Paragraph D ….............

4. Paragraph E …............. 5. Paragraph F …............. 6. Paragraph G ….............

Questions 7-10, complete the notes below

Choose NO MORE THAN TWO WORDS from the passage for each answer. Write your
answers in boxes 7-10
 Objects age in accordance with principles of (7) __________ and of (8) _________
 Through mutations, organisms can (9) __________ better to the environment
 (10) __________ would pose a serious problem for the theory of evolution
Part 7. You are going to read an article about colour-taste relationships. For questions 47-56,
choose from the sections of the article (A-D). The sections may be chosen more than once.
In which section are the following mentioned?
47 the influence of external factors other than the colour of food or drink
48 the idea that reaction to colours is not uniform
49 the type of people who are most susceptible to colour influence
50 a collaboration between people from different backgrounds
51 the effect of impaired vision on eating habits
52 something that interests people but not for its original purpose
53 a hypothetical situation which may disgust us
54 some people’s ability to be more precise than others in describing subtle taste changes
55 the way companies can use psychology to make us eat more
56 a belief that some people are naturally reluctant to taste something
How we taste different colours
A
We’ve all heard that the first bite is taken with the eye but the link between our visual sense and
our flavour perception may be stronger than you think. When I think of flavour perception, noses
and taste buds primarily spring to mind. Sure, other factors such as texture, temperature and touch
sensations play a part but taste and smell are the dominant senses here, right? Well, perhaps not.
You only have to consider the insatiable public appetite for food pictures masquerading as
cookbooks to see there is meat to the old adage we eat with our eyes. Charles Spence, the Oxford
experimental psychologist who helped Heston Blumenthal develop some of his playful
multisensory signature dishes, places vision right up there with smell, in flavour’s ‘premier
league’, if you will. ‘Half the brain is visual in some sense,’ says Spence. This is, in part, why the
colour of our food and drink can not only determine whether it is appetising but its flavour, too.
В

16
It is often said that we have an inherent aversion to blue food because it appears so rarely in
nature. Another popular theory is that we’re attracted to red food because it signals ripeness,
sweetness and calories.But is this an innate preference? Probably not, thinks Chris Lukehurst,
head of research at the Marketing Clinic. How colour affects appetite is inconsistent and
contextual. Think about green food and you might picture fresh, nutritious rocket, watercress or
cucumber. Or perhaps under-ripe, sour fruits. ‘However, If I talk to you about green meat,’ he
says, ‘your stomach probably turns.’ It is interesting, though, that a dyed-blue steak will have the
same effect, even if you know it’s perfectly safe. If you get people to eat it in the dark, says
Spence, ‘so they think it’s normal, then you turn the lights up and show them the colour, some
will get up and be sick straightaway.’ Such is the powerfully aversive effect of food colour out of
context.
C
As well as tasting the colour of what we consume, we can also taste the shade of its wrapping.
Spence has tricked people into confusing salt and vinegar crisps with cheese and onion flavour
merely by switching packets. ‘Many of our subjects will taste the colour of the crisp packet, not
the crisp itself,’ he says. Our brains excel in picking up associations and using them as shortcuts.
When the colour makes us expect something to taste a certain way, we’ll taste what we expect
unless it’s shockingly different. Using multiple colours in sweets such as Smarties and M&Ms is a
strategy to get you to eat lots of them. People will wolf down more from a mixed bowl than they
will from a bowl full of their favourite colour. And a recent study from Cornwell University
showed that you’ll eat more, too, if your food colour matches the plate, while a contrast will have
the opposite effect.
D
If you can’t see colours, you might expect your other senses to sharpen and compensate but blind
people don’t taste or smell any more than anyone else. They are, however, generally better at
naming smells, which most sighted people struggle with. So they may not be tasting more
intensely but they can identify flavours better without visual cues. Not surprisingly, losing your
sight can make eating stressful and it is thought to contribute to a diminished appetite in old age.
But even losing the capacity to see colours can have adverse effects. In his book An
Anthropologist on Mars, Oliver Sacks told the fascinating story of a man who experienced this
after an accident. He found eating less pleasurable and started to choose black or white foods, or
eat with his eyes closed. Following a discussion with Blumenthal, Spence and his team at Oxford
did some research to discover who is the most easily influenced by the effects of colouring and
found that those at the super-taster end of the spectrum rely less on their eyes. ‘Whereas those
with fewer taste buds,’ says Spence, ‘will be more easily led astray or say,”Yep, I see red
therefore it’s sweet”.’
Part 8:
1. When she accepted the job, the au pair girl assumed that she would be free every weekend.
When she accepted the job, the au pair girl took ..........................................................
2. In the summer, there are thousands more tourists than locals.
In the summer, the locals are vastly ..............................................................................
3. He has an obsession about the dishonesty of lawyers. BEE
He ................................................................................................................................
4. You can’t compare tabloids with quality newspapers.FISH
Tabloids .........................................................................................................................
5. It is her father who is Italian.HALF
She ................................................................................................................................
6. Nobody knows what annoyed our boss. (CHEESED)
→ Why ..........................................................................................................................................
17
7. It was not until he lost the last match that he realized he was a little too old for competitions.
(LONG)→ Hardly ........................................................................................................................
8. The serious look on his face stopped us revealing the secret. (CAT)
→ Hadn’t it ........................................................................................................................................
9. It was unwise of you to try to do so many things without being aware of your shortcomings.
(THIN)
→ You shouldn’t ................................................................................................................................
10. He would spend his very last penny trying to ingratiate himself with his father-in-law.
(EXPENSE)
→ In his ..................................................................................................................................

TEST 3
Phần 1:Part 1. (10 pts) You will hear part of a discussion between two well-known business
people, Sam Boland and Jimmy Glynn, and a radio current affairs show host about a recent
1. What does Jimmy say about the qualifications graduate job seekers have?
A. they help them avoid having to take 'survival jobs'
B. few graduates are sufficiently qualified for the jobs available
C. few degrees teach skills relevant in the workplace
D. they are not really an advantage in the present job market
2. Why is Sam wary of employing graduates in his own company?
A. their superior performance can lead to workplace hostility
B. they can have a damaging effect on the chemistry of their team
C. he prefers to hire unskilled workers and invest in training
D. they only accept positions above lesser-skilled employees
3. In what respect have things changed since the speakers were job-seeking graduates?
A. jobseekers used not to lie about their qualifications
B. jobseekers used to pretend they had better qualifications
C. jobseekers used to be far fresher and more enthusiastic
D. jobseekers used not to mind dumbing down their CVs
4. Why does Jimmy have some sympathy for graduates?
A. he admires their sense of entitlement B. they were too young to understand what they voted for
C. they have accumulated huge debts at college D. they are victims of other people's
incompetence.
5. Jimmy believes that college-goers of the future should
A. not rule out the Arts and Humanities. B. work for foreign in preference to local firms
C. choose their courses of study carefully. D. be selective about where they study.
Part 2. (10 pts) You will hear an interview with a psychologist about friendships. For
questions 6-10, listen and decide whether the following sentences are true (T) or false (F).
6. According to the presenter, we have to adjust our friendship as our lives changes
7. Barbara warns that foul-weather friends never want you to be happy
8. The danger of a trophy friend is that he/she will inhibit your social life.
9. A sisterly friend will be as close to your family as she is to you.
10. According to Barbara, a good friend doesn’t expend too much of your time and energy.

18
Part 3. (20 pts) You will hear a piece of news. For questions 16-25, listen and complete the
summary with NO MORE THAN FOUR WORDS. Write your answer in the space
provided.
Nowadays, it is possible to donate money thousands of charities round the world to help
people, animals and places.
The Royal Society for the Prevention of Cruelty to Animals aimed to enhance 16. ________
in any country. More than three hundred inspectors were employed in England and Wales to
examine 17._______________.
The Royal National Institute of the Blind, which is Britain’s the top charity for the blind,
confronts 18. _______________ of sight loss by helping the blind lead a normal life. The
organisation also works on the underlying causes of the disability to achieve its 19.
_______________.
TBG is the acronym of 20. _______________ which aims to improve the local environment
quality. The TBG and its sister organisation, Going for Green, 21. _______________ and have the
same Chief Executive.
Mencap helps people with learning disabilities who are disadvantaged due to unfair
treatment and lack of 22. _______________. It also provides support and advice for families and
23. _______________.
EveryChild believes that every child has the right to grow up and develop in a secure, safe,
family environment, free 24. _______________. EveryChild identifies the needs of a particular
community, sets up the projects so that they are self running, then moves on to new projects,
leaving things in 25. _______________.
Phần 2:Part 1: A. PREPOSITIONS AND PHRASAL VERBS (10pts)
1. I just want to settle _____ and start a family before I got too old.
A. in B. through C. down D. up
2. She spent twenty years studying the history of London. She knows it _____ out.
A. through B. inside C. all D. over
3. Capital punishment was done ____ in Britain nearly half a century ago.
A. out for B. away with C. off by D. over from
4. He wants to pay the bill himself, but I won’t hear _________ it.
A. from B. about C. of D. for
5. This situation is analogous _____ the one we had faced last year.
A. for B. in C. from D. to
6. When John was arrested for drunken driving, he expected to lose his driving license, but he was
_____ with a fine. A.let through B. let off C. got away D. kept away
7. My wife checks ___________ our elderly neighbour every few days to make sure that he's
alright. A. on B. in C. at D. out
8. The rain ran _____ the roof of the house.A.on B. onto C. from D. into
9. You may come _____ different kinds of problems when you first settle in a different country.
A. out with B. into C. up with D. up against
10. A Japanese company tried to ____________ the deal.
A. get in on B. get on with C. catch up on D. walk in on
B. IDIOMS & COLLOCATIONS (10pts)
Choose the right phrase in the box to complete each of the following sentences. Use each
phrase
1. I’m sick and _______ of studying grammar.
A. cross B. ill C. tired D. bored
2. She loves reading – she always has her _______ in a book.
A. nose B. Eyes C. face D brow
19
3. Mice ________!A. give me creeps B. give me the creep
C. give me the creeps D. give me creep
4. When his parents are away, his eldest brother ___.
A. knocks it off B. calls the shots C. draws the line D. is in the same boat
5. I will do everything in my ___________ to rescue the victims.
A. ability B. power C. mind D. effort
6. Be careful or he'll take you for a _________.
A. trick B. cheat C. fraud D. ride
7. Just because Laura makes a lot of money, everyone expects her to _____ all the bills.
A. foot B. stand C. run D. carry
8. My sister told me to pack some trousers and shirts for the trip, _________, not to forget my
toothbrush.A. after all B. but more or less C. before long D. but above all
9. His English was roughly _____ with my Greek, so communication was rather difficult!
A. level B. on a par C. equal D. in tune
10. I didn’t want to make a decision _____ so I said I’d like to think about it.
A. on and off B. in one go C. there and then D. at a stroke
Part2: Read the following text which contains 10 mistakes. Identify the mistakes and write the
LINE RAIN MAKING
0 When it rains, it doesn't always pour. During a typical storm, a comparative small
1 amount of the locking up moisture in each cloud reaches the ground like rain. So the
2 idea that human intervention a rain dance, perhaps - might encourage the sky to give up
3 a little additional water has been around in prehistoric times. More recently, would-be
4 rain-makers have attempted direct intervention, by lobbing various chemicals out of
5 aeroplanes in the effort to wring more rain from the clouds, a practice knowing as
6 'cloud seeding'.
7 Yet such techniques, which were first developed in the 1940s, are notoriously difficult
8 to evaluate. It is hard to ascertain, for example, how much rain would have fallen
9 anyway. So, though much anecdotal evidence of the advantages of cloud seeding, that
1 has led to its adoption in more than 40 countries around the world, as far as scientists
0 are concerned, results are still inconclusive. That could be about to changing. For the
1 past three years researchers have been carrying out the most extensive and rigorous
1 evaluation to date of a revolutionarily new technique which will substantially boost the
1 volume of rainfall.
2 The preliminary finding of their experiments indicate that solid evidence of the
1 technique's effectiveness is now within the scientists' grasp.
3
1
4
1
5
1
6
Your answers:
Line Mistakes Corrections
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
20
 6.
7.
8.
9.
10
.
Part 3: Read the following passage and decide which answer (A, B, C or D) best fits each
gap. Write your answers in the corresponding numbered boxes. (10 pts)
OK?
The word OK is ubiquitous in modern English but its origins remain (1) _______ in mystery.
Over the years, many theories have been (2) ______ regarding its derivation but none of them is
(3) _______ convincing. The first recorded written use of OK was in 1839, when it appeared in a
newspaper article in Boston, Massachusetts. There was a (4) _______ for wacky acronyms at the
time, just as today's text messages use things like 'LOL', and OK allegedly originated as a
misspelling of All Correct. But (5) ______ many of these acronyms flourished briefly and then
gradually (6) _______ out of use, OK has proved to be remarkably (7) _______. It first reached
England in 1870, where it appeared in the words of a popular song, and today is in (8) _______
use across the English-speaking world. As part of a phrase ' …. rules OK', it has been a mainstay
of urban graffiti since the 1930s and in 1969 it had the (9) ______ of being the first word spoken
on the moon. In short, it's a (10) _______ useful word.
1. A. shrouded B. smothered C. clothed D. draped
2. A. laid out B. put forward C. drawn up D.brought about
3. A. widely B. mainly C. wholly D. largely
4. A. hype B. craze C. rage D. whim
5. A. despite B. albeit C. whereas D. providing
6. A. slipped B. faded C. crept D. strayed
7. A. resolute B. stalwart C. steadfast D. resilient
8. A. staunch B. relentless C. durable D. constant
9. A. credit B. pride C. honour D. acclaim
10. A. phenomenally B. ordinarily C. Conclusively D. controversially
Your answers:
1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 10.
Part 4: Read the text below and think of the word which best fits each space. Use only one
word in each space. Write your answers in the corresponding numbered boxes. (15 pts)
HOPES SPRINGS ETERNAL
As the eyes of the world focused on South Africa at the start of the 2010 football World Cup,
national pride was at an all-time (1) ___________. The new stadiums glittered, the national
anthem was sung as never before and the multiracial team took to the pitch fully aware of what
their presence on the global stage meant to their nation.
A (2) ___________twenty years before, the man who was to become the country’s first
black president, Nelson Mandela, was released from jail after 27 years having initially been
imprisoned for his role as leader of the banned African National Congress and for planning acts
of sabotage (3) ___________ the state. The road to freedom had been littered with obstacles and
for a long time it had seemed as if the destination would never be reached.
The system of apartheid that was formalized in the 1940s, and which lasted until 1994, had
its (4) ____________ in the racial segregation introduced during colonial times, when the British
and Dutch battled for control of the country’s riches. The policy of oppression and relocation of
non-whites initially reaped huge (5) ___________ for the ruling white minority and by the 1960s
the country had economic growth second only to Japan. At the same time, however, the effort to
21
(6) ___________ the rigid social structure imposed upon the majority of the nation was becoming
ever more costly and complicated.
Internationally, calls for boycotts were growing and the country was becoming increasingly
isolated. Internally, popular (7) __________ was growing. The government faced wave after
wave of strikes, matches, protest and sabotage by bombing and other means. The repeated
massacres of demonstration drew widespread international condemnation and, of course, (8)
___________ to strengthen support for resistance organizations, by the 1970s, the country was
also embroiled in a number of military missions in neighbouring countries in an attempt to crush
all dissent, (9) ___________ internal repression and censorship reached new levels. By mid-80s,
south Africa’ economy was one of the weakest in the world and the writing was clearly on the
wall.
Following Mandela’s release and dismantling of apparatus of apartheid, the issue of how to
move the country forward peaceably loomed (10) _________. The establishment of The Truth
and Reconciliation Commission was a major step in this direction.
Your answers:
1. 2. 3. 4. 5.
6. 7. 8. 9. 10.
Part 5: Read the following passage and choose the best answer to each question.(15pts)
Learning to Run
An article published recently in the prestigious scientific journal Nature is shedding new light on
an important, but hitherto little appreciated, aspect of human evolution. In this article, Professors
Dennis Bramble and Daniel Lieberman suggest that the ability to run was a crucial factor in the
development of our species. According to the two scientists, humans possess a number of
anatomical features that make them surprisingly good runners. ‘We are very confident that strong
selection for running (A) ____was instrumental in the origin of the modern human body form,’
says Bramble, a biology professor at the University of Utah. Traditional thinking up to now has
been that the distinctive, upright body form of modern humans has come about as a result of the
ability to walk, and that running is simply a by-product of walking.
Furthermore, humans have usually been regarded as poor runners compared to such animals as
dogs, horses or antelopes. However, this is only true if we consider fast running, or sprinting, over
short distances. Even an Olympic athlete can hardly run as fast as a horse can gallop, and can only
keep up a top speed for fifteen seconds or so. Horses, antelopes and greyhounds, on the other
hand, can run at top speed for several minutes, clearly outperforming us in this respect. But when
it comes to long-distance running, humans do astonishingly well (B)_____ They can maintain a
steady pace for miles, and their overall speed compares favourably with that of horses or dogs.
Bramble and Lieberman examined twenty-six anatomical features found in humans. One of the
most interesting of these is the nuchal ligament, a band of tissue that extends from a ridge on the
base of the skull to the spine. When we run, it is this ligament that prevents our head from
pitching back and forth or from side to side. Therefore, we are able to run with steady heads, held
high. The nuchal ligament (C)_____is not found in any other surviving primates, although the
fossil record shows that Homo erectus, an early human species that walked upright, much as we
do, also had one. Then there are our Achilles tendons at the backs of our legs, which connect our
calf muscles to our heel bones - and which have nothing to do with walking. When we run, these
behave like springs, helping to propel us forward. Furthermore, we have low, wide shoulders,
virtually disconnected from our skulls, an anatomical adaptation which allows us to run more
efficiently. Add to this our light forearms, which swing out of phase with the movement of our
legs to assist balance, and one begins to appreciate the point that Bramble and Lieberman are
trying to make.

22
But what evolutionary advantage is gained from being good long-distance runners? One
hypothesis is that this ability may have permitted early humans to obtain food more effectively.
‘What these features and fossil facts appear to be telling us is that running evolved in order for our
direct ancestors to compete with other carnivores for access to the protein needed to grow the big
brains that we enjoy today,’ says Lieberman. Some scientists speculate that early humans may
have pursued animals for miles in order to exhaust them before killing them. Running would also
have conferred an advantage before weapons were invented: early humans might have been
scavengers, eating the meat and marrow left over from a kill by lions or other large predators.
They may have been alerted to the existence of a freshly-killed carcass by vultures (D)____, and
the faster they got to the scene of the kill, the better.
‘Research on the history of human locomotion has traditionally been contentious,’ says
Lieberman. ’At the very least, I hope this theory will make many people have second thoughts
about how humans learned to run and walk and why we are built the way we are.’
1. According to the text, the human ability to run…..
A. was only recently described in a scientific journal.
B. is now regarded as more important than the ability to climb trees.
C. played an important part in human evolution.
D. is surprising when we consider evolutionary trends.
2. According to the text, scientists used to believe……….
A. that the human body owes its form to the ability to walk.
B. the human ability to walk adversely affected the ability to run.
C. that only modern humans could walk upright.
D. that humans can run because they stand upright.
3.According to the text, humans……………
A. are better runners than most other animals. B are not good at running short distances.
C. cannot run at top speed for long distances.D. compare unfavourably with horses and dogs.
4. It appears that the nuchal ligament………
A. is found only in modern primates. B. is associated with the ability to run.
C. prevents the head from moving. D. is a unique anatomical feature.
5. The text implies that……………A. we do not need calf muscles in order to walk.B. without
shoulders we could not run very fast.C. the movement of our forearms is out of phase.D. our
Achilles tendons are an adaptation for running.
6. The pronoun “these” in the third paragraph refers to……………
A. legs B. tendons C. muscles D. bones
7. According to the text, early humans…………
A. killed animals by exhausting them. B. may have evolved big brains for running.
C. competed with other animals for food.D. could probably run before they could walk.
8. Professor Lieberman hopes to…………….
A. dispel any remaining doubts about the nature of the human body.
B. prove conclusively that humans did not always walk in an upright position.
C. make people reconsider previously-held ideas about human anatomy.
D. inform people of the real reason why humans are able to run and walk.
9. Which of the following spaces can the relative clause “- which came at the expense of the
historical ability to live in trees -” fit? A. (A) B. (B) C. (C) D. (D)
10. The word “conferred” in the fourth paragraph can be best replaced by
A. give out B. bring about C. refer to D. make out
Part 6: Read the following passage and do the tasks that follows .(15pts)
. Read the passage and do the tasks that follow.
Communicating Styles and Conflict
23
 Knowing your communication style and having a mix of styles on your team can provide a
positive force for resolving conflict.
A
As far back as Hippocrates’ time (460-370B.C.), people have tried to understand other people by
characterizing them according to personality type or temperament. Hippocrates believed there
were four different body fluids that influenced four basic types of temperament. His work was
further developed 500 years later by Galen. These days there are a number of self-assessment
tools that relate to the basic descriptions developed by Galen, although we no longer believe the
source to be the types of body fluid that dominate our systems.
B
The value in self-assessments that help determine personality style, learning styles,
communication styles, conflict-handling styles, or other aspects of individuals is that they help
depersonalize conflict in interpersonal relationships. The depersonalization occurs when you
realize that others aren’t trying to be difficult, but they need different or more information than
you do. They’re not intending to be rude: they are so focused on the task they forget about
greeting people. They would like to work faster but not at the risk of damaging the relationships
needed to get the job done. They understand there is a job to do, but it can only be done right with
the appropriate information, which takes time to collect. When used appropriately, understanding
communication styles can help resolve conflict on teams. Very rarely are conflicts of true
personality issues. Usually, they are issues of style, information needs, or focus.
C
Hippocrates and later Galen determined there were four basic temperaments: sanguine,
phlegmatic, melancholic and choleric. These descriptions were developed centuries ago and they
are still somewhat apt, although you could update the wording. In today’s world, they translate
into the four fairly common communication styles described below:
D
The sanguine person would be the expressive or spirited style of communication. These people
speak in pictures. They invest a lot of emotion and energy in their communication and often speak
quickly, putting their whole body into it. They are easily sidetracked onto a story that may or may
not illustrate the point they are trying to make. Because of their enthusiasm, they are great team
motivators. They are concerned about people and relationships. Their high levels of energy can
come on strong at times and their focus is usually on the bigger picture, which means they
sometimes miss the details or the proper order of things. These people find conflict or differences
of opinion invigorating and love to engage in a spirited discussion. They love change and are
constantly looking for new and exciting adventures.
E
The phlegmatic person - cool and persevering - translates into the technical or systematic
communication style. This style of communication is focused on facts and technical details.
Phlegmatic people have an orderly methodical way of approaching tasks, and their focus is very
much on the task, not on the people, emotions, or concerns that the task may evoke. The focus is
also more on the details necessary to accomplish a task. Sometimes the details overwhelm the big
picture and focus needs to be brought back to the context of the task. People with this style think
the facts should speak for themselves, and they are not as comfortable with conflict. They need
time to adapt to change and need to understand both the logic of it and the steps involved.
F
The melancholic person who is soft hearted and oriented toward doing things for others, translates
into the considerate or sympathetic communication style. A person with this communication style
is focused on people and relationships. They are good listeners and do things for other people-
sometimes to the detriment of getting things done for themselves. They want to solicit everyone’s
24
opinion and make sure everyone is comfortable with whatever is required to get the job done. At
times this focus on others can distract from the task at hand. Because they are so concerned with
the needs of others and smoothing over issues, they do not like conflict. They believe that change
threatens the status quo and tends to make people feel uneasy, so people with this communication
style, like phlegmatic people, need time to consider the changes in order to adapt to them.
G
The choleric temperament translates into the bold or direct style of communication. People with
this style are brief in their communication - the fewer words the better. They are big picture
thinkers and love to be involved in many things at once. They are focused on tasks and outcomes
and often forget that the people involved in carrying out the tasks have needs. They don’t do detail
work easily and as a result, can often underestimate how much time it takes to achieve the task.
Because they are so direct, they often seem forceful and can be very intimidating to others. They
usually would welcome someone challenging them, but most other styles are afraid to do so. They
also thrive on change, the more the better.
H
A well-functioning team should have all of these communication styles for true effectiveness. All
teams need to focus on the task, and they need to take care of relationships in order to achieve
those tasks. They need the big picture perspective or the context of their work, and they need the
details to be identified and taken care of for success. We all have aspects of each style within us.
Some of us can easily move from one style to another and adapt our style to the needs of the
situation at hand-whether the focus is on tasks or relationships. For others, a dominant style is
very evident, and it is more challenging to see the situation from the perspective of another style.
The work environment can influence communication styles either by the type of work that is
required or by the predominance of one style reflected in that environment. Some people use one
style at work and another at home.
The good news about communication styles is that we have the ability to develop flexibility in our
styles. The greater the flexibility we have, the more skilled we usually are at handling possible
and actual conflicts. Usually, it has to be relevant to us to do so, either because we think it is
important or because there are incentives in our environment to encourage it. The key is that we
have to want to become flexible with our communication style. As Henry Ford said, “Whether
you think you can or you can’t, you’re right!”
Questions 1-6
The reading passage has eight sections A-H. Choose the correct heading for each section from
the list of headings below. Write the correct number i-x in boxes 1-8.
List of Headings
i Summarising personality types
ii Combined styles for workplace
iii Physical explanation
iv A lively person who encourages
v Demanding and unsympathetic personality
vi Lazy and careless personality
vii The benefits of understanding communication styles
viii Cautious and caring
ix Factual and analytical personality
x Self-assessment determines one’s temperament
Section A ..…iii……
1. Section B ………….
2. Section C ………….
3. Section D ………….
25
4. Section E ………….
5. Section F ………….
6. Section G ………….
Section H ……ii .….
Questions 7-10
Do the following statements agree with the information given in the reading passage. Write
TRUE if the statement agrees with the information
FALSE if the statement contradicts the information
NOT GIVEN if there is no information on this
7. It is believed that sanguine people dislike variety.
8. Melancholic and phlegmatic people have similar characteristics.
9. Managers often select their best employees according to personality types.
10. It is possible to change one’s personality type.
Part 7. You are going to read a newspaper article in which people talk about their experiences
at job interviews. For question 1-10, choose from the people (A-F)(10 pts)
Which person mentions the following?
the importance of keeping to the point 1………….
awareness of body language 2…………..
sources of information about your prospective employer 3………….
taking responsibility for past errors 4………….
appearing to have rehearsed responses 5………….
preparing inquiries to put to a prospective employer 6………….
foreseeing the consequences of feeling apprehensive 7………….
indicating that you view the interview as a transaction 8………….
a relaxed atmosphere in the workplace 9………….
advantages in being honest about your failings 10…………

Tell us Something about Yourself

Being interviewed for a job can be a stressful experience. We asked six people what they learnt
from being in that situation.
A. My first interview for a job taught me a great deal. I was applying for the position of junior
account executive in an advertising company, which involves dealing with clients on a face-to-
face basis. It follows that you have to be good at interpersonal skills, and unfortunately, that’s not
the impression I gave. Like a lot of people, I tend to babble when I’m nervous. The interviewer
began by asking me to say something about myself, and I started talking about my hobbies. But I
got carried away and went off at a tangent, which made a bad impression. The other lesson I learnt
was that if you are asked what your weaknesses are, you really shouldn’t be evasive. You could
mention a weakness that can also be a strength. For example, being pedantic is not always a bad
thing in certain circumstances, and you should explain how you cope with that weakness, but you
have to say something.
B. In my present job I have to interview applicants, and I can offer a few general tips. Firstly, a
candidate should not learn a speech off by heart; you will come across as insincere, as if you have
practiced everything in front of a minor. Secondly, it is crucial to understand what the interviewer
wants you to talk about. For instance, an interviewer might ask about a situation where your
supervisor or manager had a problem with your work. Now, what the interviewer is really after is
to see how you react to criticism, and the best thing is to say that you tried to learn from this.
Finally, don’t try to conceal your real character. When I was interviewed for a job many years
ago, the interviewer asked me at the end of our talk if I had any questions. I was very keen to get
the job, so I asked what opportunities there were for promotion if I were hired. I wondered if
26
perhaps I had been too direct, but I later discovered that employers like you to seem eager, and I
think they were impressed by my enthusiasm and ambition.
C. One good way to prepare for an interview is to find out as much as you can about the company
you have applied to from its website and promotional material. When you are asked if you have
any questions, you can show that you have done this preparatory work, which will impress the
interviewer. I also think a lot of candidates are too defensive in interviews. It’s not enough just to
avoid giving the ‘wrong’ answers; you should also actively try to make a good impression. Make
it clear that the interview is a two-way process: after all, you want to be sure the company is the
right place for you. It’s acceptable to take the opportunity, when one is offered, to interview the
interviewer! One way to do this is to ask him or her some penetrating questions such as why he or
she has stayed with the company for so long. Some people might think such a question is arrogant,
so size up the interviewer first and decide whether it would be an appropriate thing to ask.
D. I remember one interview I attended with a company that makes ice cream and other dairy
products. I didn’t know much about the company, and it was brought home to me that I should
have found out some basic facts. I turned up in a smart business suit and tie, only to find that my
prospective employers were in jeans! They believed in being casual: no private offices, everyone
ate in the same canteen, people all used first names with each other etc. I realised I should have
done more research. Needless to say, I didn’t get the job. On another occasion, at the end of an
interview, I was asked if I had anything to say. I was so relieved that the interview was over that I
just smiled and blurted out: ‘No thanks!’ I later realised this was a mistake. A candidate should
decide in advance on at least ten things to ask the interviewer: it’s not necessary to ask more than
two or three questions, but you need to have some in reserve in case the question you wanted to
ask is answered in the course of the interview.
E. Preparation is of extreme importance; things like I finding out what form the interview will
have. Will there be any sort of written component, for instance, and will you be talking to one
person or a panel? And of course, you need to prepare answers to those awkward questions
designed to find out more about your character. For example, you might be asked about your most
important achievement so far; don't answer this in a way that makes you seem swollen- headed or
complacent as this will suggest that you don’t learn easily. Actually, it's not so much what people
say that makes them seem arrogant as the way they sit, how they hold their heads, whether they
meet the interviewer’s eye, so bear that in mind. Another question interviewers sometimes ask, to
find out how well you work in a team, is about mistakes you have made. You should have an
example ready and admit that you were at fault, otherwise it looks as though you are the kind of
person who shifts the blame onto others. But you should also show that you learnt from the
mistake and wouldn’t make it again.
F. Being nervous can make you forget things, so always take detailed notes with you to an
interview, even about the simplest things - this will help you feel less nervous. I also think you
have to strike the right balance between being too arrogant and too self- effacing. For example, if
you are asked where you see yourself in five years’ time, don't be diffident about showing that
you are ambitious. You could even say you’d like to be doing the interviewer’s job! Show that
your ambition is the force that drives you – employers are happy to see this characteristic because
it also suggests you will work hard. Take every opportunity to reinforce the impression that you
are eager; one way is by asking questions about the job. This suggests that you will take it
seriously. You could also ask what made the last person to fill the position you have applied for
successful, or what you could accomplish in the job that would satisfy the interviewer. Naturally,
the answers to questions like this are valuable in themselves, but frankly, the main reason for
asking is to ensure you make the right impression.
Part 8: 1, Tom’s presence at parties adds to everyone’s enjoyment. SOUL
______________________________________________________________
27
2: The young actress was very nervous before the audition.
The young actress had butterflies _____________________________________

3: The community spoke enthusiastically about the recently elected mayor.

The community sang ______________________________________________
4: The new musical has delighted theatre audiences throughout the country.
The new musical has taken __________________________________________
5. Even now, I still don’t understand why he did it.
To this __________________________________________________________
6. We only ingratiated ourselves with our teacher because Kate insisted. (CURRIED)
It was at………………………………………………………………….our teacher.
7 It is recommended that you take water with you as wells are few and far between in this area.
(LEST)
Travellers to this area are advised to carry water …………………………… ground.
8 Nobody expected it of him but Sam was laid off. (RANKS)
Against all………………………………………………………………unemployed.
9 The jumper you knitted for my daughter no longer fits her. (GROWN)
My daughter …………………………………………………………………….for her.
10. I found the plot of the book too complicated to follow. (HEAD)
I couldn’t ……………………………………………………………………..the book
Part 9: Write about the following topic. You should write at least 250 words.
Nowadays, more and more people read news on the internet. However, newspapers have most of
important information sources of news. Give your opinion from your experience and give
examples.

Test 4
Phần 1:
Task 1: Listen and choose the most suitable answer to each question.
Winridge Forest Railway Park
Question 1: Simon’s idea for a theme park came from
A. his childhood hobby. B. his interest in landscape design.
C. his visit to another park.
Question 2: When they started, the family decided to open the park only when
A. the weather was expected to be good. B. the children weren’t at school.
C. there were fewer farming commitments.
Question 3: Since opening, the park has had
A. 50,000 visitors. B. 1,000,000 visitors. C. 1,500,000 visitors.
Question 4: The main idea of Liz’s work is currently
A. advertising. B. animal care. C. staffing.
Question 5: What is the area of the Go-Kart arena?
A. 1.2 km2 B. 120 m2 C. 12 km2
Task 2: Listen and decide whether each of the following statements is true (T) or false (F):
6. The canals were built despite the fact that there was no public finance and very little
technology.
7. From 1919 to 1929, there were many canals that were competing with each other but were not
uniform in size.
8. The new union of canals provided a continuous link between major industrial cities.
9. There are plenty of natural habitats for a variety of wildlife on and around the canals.

28
10. Walkers can go to the nearest waterway office to get information on circular walks so they can
start and end at the same place.
Task 3: Complete the summary by filling in the missing information.
CLASS CLARIFICATIONS
Before you come to class, you are supposed to (1) ______________________________ to be able
to follow the lecture.
All assignments must be (2) ____________________ and ____________________ on the due
date to receive full credit.
The grade for a(n) (3) ______________________________ will be lowered by one letter per day
past the due date.
All exams must be completed (4) ___________________________. Unexpected absence must be
reported to the teacher via (5) _____________________ (either home or office) and/or
_______________________.
A(n) (6) ___________________________ must be arranged within 7 days of the scheduled date.
Questions on the regular exam are usually multiple-choice ones, while makeups are always (7)
_________________________ tests.
In the class, your (8) ____________ will be assigned.
Your attendance accounts for (9) _______________________ of the final score.
You can request an incomplete for (10) _______________ or other
___________________________.
Phần 2:Part 1
A. PREPOSITIONS AND PHRASAL VERBS
1. I had no time to think about what I looked like, so I ………….. on my old jeans.
A. dolled B. pulled C. let D. rolled
2. Fiona stood up, ………….. down her skirt and began to address the audience.
A. smoothedB. got C. tied D. dolled
3. That he was using unscrupulous research methods only came out because his assistant _______
on him to the press. A. ratted B. hounded C. fished D. bugged
4. I am not surprised that your brother is angry; you spent half an hour _______ him up about an
issue he cares about deeply.A. spinning B. turning C. winding D. twirling
5. When I was a child I always hated wearing my older brother’s …………..-offs.
A. let B. cast C. get D. flung
6. Roberto should try not to let his regrets for what he done ………….. away at him.
A. come B. eat C. stick D. flood
7. I was sitting in a train looking out of the window, when my mind suddenly ………….. back to
that amazing trip we made to India. A. put B. flashed C. stirred D. associated
8. I’ll listen ………….. for your car and come down to the street so you don’t have to park.
A. to B. with C. out D. up
9. The noise of the plane passing overhead drowned ………….. the radio and I missed the nesws.
A. down B. off C. out D. in
10. She has such an awful voice; it just grates ………….. me every time she sings.
A. to B. at C. of D. on
B. COLLOCATIONS AND IDIOMS
1. It was such a shock to receive a letter like that _____.
A in the red B. out of the blue C. in the pink D. over the moon
2.. Just think! Next month you'll be _____ and it seems like only yesterday you were a baby.HD
A. in your teens B. in your teenage C. at your teens D. teenager
3. I'd like to buy the radio but I haven't got any money on me at the moment. Could you _____ for
me for a day or two?
29
A bring it round B. lay it in C. take it in D. put it on one side
4. With his excellent qualifications and a good command of English, James is ____________
above the other applicants.
A. head and hair B. head and ears C. head and hands D. head and shoulders
5 . . The challenges Ann encountered while assisting the medical charity in Africa ______ the best
in her personality.A. brought upB. brought out C. brought around D. brought about
bring out the best in: giúp bộc lộ những phẩm chất tốt đẹp6. - I think that Mick will leave his new
job before the year is out.
- Yes, I agree. I don’t think he’ll_______________ either
A. stay the course B. relieved of his duties
C. get the sack D. rake industrial action
7. That part of the city has many homes where people behave very badly with regard to others
around them. There is a big problem with___________________
A. sanitary conditions B. sanitary conditions C. antisocial behavior D. public disorder
8 Einstein’s ideas significantly contributed to our understanding of the universe. Einstein’s
ideas made ____________ our understanding of the universe.
A. dim and distant memory B. a lasting contribution to
C. a bygone era D. the vast expanse
9.The Minister was trying to avoid publicity so he kept_________________
A. near the ground B. a low profile C. a cool ahead D. under cover
10. We should all _____________ when advertisers attempt to use unfair practices.
A. make a comeback B. make a deal C. make amends D. make a stand
Part 2: Identify 10 errors in the following passage and correct them
The BBC World Service on radios claims a regular worldwide audience of some 25 million for its
English language programmes. It is funded directly by the British Foreign Office, despite any
Government attempt to control the content of programmes are vigorously fought off. It is
broadcast around the world and nobody who has access to a radio with short wave need be
without it. The archetype listener today is under 30, male, likely to be the second or even third
language. Few women tune in, which is why there is no women’s programme including in its 24-
hour services. The biggest and the most important of the news programme is Newshour, a 60-
minute survey of world news which goes out at night at 10 p.m.British time. This slot cannot
please everyone but be the optimum time to catch any listeners having breakfast in Hongkong or
settling down during the night in West African. It can recommend to anyone who wants to
understand the world, not just Britain. At any rate, which is its aim and certainly by comparison,
most British domestic news programmes seem trivial and parochial.
Part 3: Fill each of the numbered blanks in the passage with ONE suitable word. (15pts)
In most art museums, the paintings on the wall just look flat, but sometimes visitors come across
an image that appears to be three-dimensional. The artist has cleverly used colors, lines, and
shading to give the painting some depth, making it more (1) ___. The artistic technique of creating
three-dimensional images of something on a flat surface is called trompe l'oeil, a French phrase
(2) ___ trick the eye. Today, some artists are adapting the idea of tricking the eye to make things
become invisible. A new (3) ___ for this is camouflage art. In nature, there are major benefits to
using camouflage to blend (4) ___ with the surroundings. Becoming invisible, or at (5) ___ being
harder to see on the ground or in a tree, allows insects and animals to hide from things that might
eat them. It also allows them to get close (6) ___ to surprise other insects or smaller animals that
they want to catch and eat. Artists are not hiding or preparing to attack. (7) ___, they are using the
idea of camouflage to make urban spaces look nicer or to make statements with their art.
Sometimes they just do it for fun. Artists can make these things more interesting and in some
cases make them (8) ___ visible. In many urban areas, large buildings have been painted with
30
amazing murals that trick our eyes. Thus, ordinary brick walls are transformed into interesting (9)
___ of art. Temporary walls put up to keep people out of a (10) ___ site can be painted like the
finished building to camouflage the site.
Part 4; Read the text below and decide which answer (A, B, C or D) best fits each gap. (15
points)
MOUNTAIN RESCUE
Last year over 200 climbers were rescued from the mountains of Scotland alone by local
rescue teams, who go out in all weathers to do whatever they can to help when disaster
(1)________. These people are volunteers, giving their time and energy freely and, on occasion,
putting themselves in danger. They will risk life and (2)______ in an emergency when they are
called on to rescue foolhardy or unlucky climbers.
A whole (3)________ of things can go wrong up in the mountains. A storm can (4)_______
up without warning, reducing visibility to virtually zero. Then only the most experienced
mountaineer could find their way back down to safety. And it is easy to come to (5)________,
breaking a leg - or worse. Many climbers owe a huge (6)_______ of gratitude to the rescue teams!
While rescue teams work for no pay, there are considerable costs (7)_______ in maintaining an
efficient service. Equipment such as ropes and stretchers is of (8)________ importance, as are
vehicles and radio communications devices. Though some of the costs are (9)________ by the
government, the rescue teams couldn't operate without donations from the public. Fortunately,
fundraising for a good cause like this is not difficult; anyone who has ever been up in the
mountains will gladly (10)_______ a contribution.
1. A. hits B. rises C. strikes D. arrive
2. A. limb B. blood C. bone D. flesh
3. A. scope B. extent C. range D. scale
4. A. brew B. arise C. whip D. lash
5. A. agony B. trouble C. problem D. grief
6. A. recognition B. liability C. debt D. obligation
7. A. implied B. involved C. featured D. connected
8. A. lively B. vibrant C. essential D. vital
9. A. borne B. held C. carried D. fulfilled
10.A. make B. take C. do D. hand
Task 5: Read the passage and choose the answer A, B, C, or D which you think fits best
according to the text.
What happens psychologically when one is lost at sea? Why does one person survive while
another perishes? Is there a personality type that makes one person better at handling the
elements, fear and loneliness? Until recently, science has been completely in the dark about what
makes a survivor. Now experts are intensifying their search to demystify the psychology of
survival, analysing personality traits among people who triumph over life-threatening crises – and
those who succumb.
In a life-threatening situation the brain immediately triggers a state of shock, sending alarms
through the body. Your emergency response system shifts into gear. Blood pressure rises, muscles
tense, adrenalin pumps. If you survive initially, you then shift mental gears to longer-term
planning – whatever you have to do to survive. Next you go into the resistance phase; a chronic
coping state, in which the body tries to maintain balance in the face of threat, danger and
deprivation.
Later, one of two things happens: you enter an exhaustion phase, in which the coping mechanisms
are overwhelmed, you lose strength, and die – as often happens – or you persevere long enough
and get rescued or escape the situation. Who survives, it turns out, isn’t determined by age,

31
physical stamina, or experience. Although one would expect people who are fitter to be the best
candidates to make it back alive, the mind, that great trickster, isn’t ruled by logic.
Last summer, for example, a sailboat sank. It was being steered by Nicholas Abbott, who often
transported pleasure boats from the Caribbean to New York. With him was his friend, Janet
Culver, a reserved woman, not a risk-taker, making her first long-distance cruise. If you worked
for an insurance agency, you’d bet Abbott would be the one to return alive. Yet he’s the one who
died. After 10 days adrift in a tiny dinghy, battling 16-foot waves and thundershowers, Abbott –
hungry, thirsty, and delirious – said he was going to swim home, jumped overboard and drowned.
Culver, covered with sun blisters and too weak to sit, would not give up. “Each day I stayed alive
was another chance to be rescued,” she told me. “Something deep inside told me to hang on one
more day.” While Abbott let his depression get the better of him, Culver evaluated his situation in
small, manageable increments. She kept her mind open. It is important to remain mentally active,
dwelling on positive things. “Don’t give up”, say the experts. “Drive your thoughts to things that
make you happy. Have fantasies. In other words, play games with your mind. Don’t let it play
tricks on you, which experts say it does.
The mind goes from hope for rescue, to isolation, to depression. These feelings come, go and vary
in order. You have a better chance of survival with other people there. Just being able to say “I’m
not going to do what he’s doing” helps handle negative thinking. Highly destructive is the “last
chance” phenomenon: rescue is visible, but they don’t see you. You start thinking “That was my
only chance; they won’t be back again!” Then you feel doomed. In the end, long-term exposure
causes delirium. You start drinking salt water, which causes more delusions. In the cold, people
sometimes start shedding garments and a trail of clothes is found. Paradoxically, these people
interpret their coldness as warmth.
Researchers studying people who triumph over life-threatening crises are finding survivors share
common personality traits: high self-esteem and optimism. Often the difference in mental, rather
than physical toughness determines who will endure. Survivors often have a strong belief system
outside themselves, in family and religion. Once you give into the sense of abandonment, you
give up. Survivors tend to be tenacious in a self-preserving way. They do the right things under
pressure. Even though Culver was technically less skilled at sea, she didn’t lose her head. Abbott
panicked, left the safest position, and exposed himself to death. The experts attribute this fighting
spirit to an immeasurable factor. They can measure weight, age, sex, swimming ability, flotation,
quality of clothing – finite things. But they can’t measure the will to live. The only true measure
of it is who stares into the abyss and doesn’t blink.
1. Until recently, scientists in extreme situations
A. had no knowledge of why some people are less vulnerable.
B. had been experimenting with people in extreme situations.
C. believed that the personality of a survivor was defined by fear.
D. had not been interested in what makes a survivor.
2. According to the writer, … A. the exhaustion phase is preceded by a failure of coping
mechanisms. B. survival depends on how healthy you are.
C. you need to be intelligent to survive a dangerous situation.
D. there are a number of phases in the survival process.
3. Why is it surprising that Janet Culver survived?
A. She had little or no relevant sailing experience. B. She didn’t take Abbott’s advice.
C. She didn’t appear to have a very strong character. D. She was nervous of being at sea.
4. What is one reason why the presence of other people with you in a survival situation can
sometimes help you to survive?
A. They tell you not to give up. B. You can play games with them to keep
C. They remind you of how not to behave. awake.
32
 D. They can help you look out for rescue
vehicles.
5. Why is near-rescue destructive?
A. It makes the person lose hope. B. The person knows they will not get another chance.
C. It causes delirium. D. People usually try to swim to the rescue vessel.
6. Why can’t scientists measure the will to live?
A. Because it is different in every person. B. Because it is an abstract quality.
C. Because it changes throughout a D. Because people are reluctant to be
person’s life. analysed in such a way.
7. What do you think is the best title of the passage?
A. Survival at sea B. Nicholas Abbott C. Janet Culver D. Death at sea
8. Which best replaces the phrase “in the face of”?
A. due to B. including C. notwithstanding D. de facto
9. Why does the writer mention an insurance agency?
A. To explain the reasonability of Abbott’s B. To tell what people generally predict.
death.
C. To reveal a bad habit of an insurance agent. D. To emphasize a terrible mistake of
insurance companies.
10. Which has the closest meaning to “tenacious”?
A. cohesive B. resolute C. bound D. strong
Task 6 Read the passage and do the following tasks. (1 point)
THE SCIENTIFIC METHOD
A. ‘Hypotheses,’ said Medawar in 1964,‘are imaginative and inspirational in character’; they are
‘adventures of the mind’. He was arguing in favour of the position taken by Karl Popper in The
Logic of Scientific Discovery (1972, 3rd edition) that the nature of scientific method is
hypothetico-deductive and not, as is generally believed, inductive.

B. It is essential that you, as an intending researcher, understand the difference between these two
interpretations of the research process so that you do not become discouraged or begin to suffer
from a feeling of ‘cheating’ or not going about it the right way.
C. The myth of scientific method is that it is inductive: that the formulation of scientific theory
starts with the basic, raw evidence of the senses - simple, unbiased, unprejudiced observation. Out
of these sensory data - commonly referred to as ‘facts’ — generalisations will form. The myth is
that from a disorderly array of factual information an orderly, relevant theory will somehow
emerge. However, the starting point of induction is an impossible one.
D. There is no such thing as an unbiased observation. Every act of observation we make is a
function of what we have seen or otherwise experienced in the past. All scientific work of an
experimental or exploratory nature starts with some expectation about the outcome. This
expectation is a hypothesis. Hypotheses provide the initiative and incentive for the inquiry and
influence the method. It is in the light of an expectation that some observations are held to be
relevant and some irrelevant, that one methodology is chosen and others discarded, that some
experiments are conducted and others are not. Where is, your naive, pure and objective researcher
now?
E. Hypotheses arise by guesswork, or by inspiration, but having been formulated they can and
must be tested rigorously, using the appropriate methodology. If the predictions you make as a
result of deducing certain consequences from your hypothesis are not shown to be correct then
you discard or modify your hypothesis. If the predictions turn out to be correct then your
hypothesis has been supported and may be retained until such time as some further test shows it
not to be correct. Once you have arrived at your hypothesis, which is a product of your
33
imagination, you then proceed to a strictly logical and rigorous process, based upon deductive
argument — hence the term ‘hypothetico-deductive’.
F. So don’t worry if you have some idea of what your results will tell you before you even begin
to collect data; there are no scientists in existence who really wait until they have all the evidence
in front of them before they try to work out what it might possibly mean. The closest we ever get
to this situation is when something happens by accident; but even then the researcher has to
formulate a hypothesis to be tested before being sure that, for example, a mould might prove to be
a successful antidote to bacterial infection.
G. The myth of scientific method is not only that it is inductive (which we have seen is incorrect)
but also that the hypothetico-deductive method proceeds in a step-by-step, inevitable fashion. The
hypothetico-deductive method describes the logical approach to much research work, but it does
not describe the psychological behaviour that brings it about. This is much more holistic —
involving guesses, reworkings, corrections, blind alleys and above all inspiration, in the deductive
as well as the hypothetic component -than is immediately apparent from reading the final thesis or
published papers. These have been, quite properly, organised into a more serial, logical order so
that the worth of the output may be evaluated independently of the behavioural processes by
which it was obtained. It is the difference, for example between the academic papers with which
Crick and Watson demonstrated the structure of the DNA molecule and the fascinating book The
Double Helix in which Watson (1968) described how they did it. From this point of view,
‘scientific method’ may more usefully be thought of as a way of writing up research rather than as
a way of carrying it out.
Questions 1- 5: The reading passage has seven paragraphs A-G. Choose the most suitable
headings for paragraphs C-G from the list of headings below. Write the appropriate
numbers i-x in boxes.
List of Headings
i The Crick and Watson approach to research
ii Antidotes to bacterial infection
iii The testing of hypotheses
iv Explaining the inductive method
v Anticipating results before data is collected
vi How research is done and how it is reported
vii The role of hypotheses in scientific research
viii Deducing the consequences of hypotheses
ix Karl Popper’s claim that the scientific method is hypothetico - deductive
x The unbiased researcher
Example Paragraph A Answer: ix
1. Paragraph C
2. Paragraph D
3. Paragraph E
4. Paragraph F
5. Paragraph G
Questions 6 – 9: Do the following statements reflect the opinions of the writer in the reading passage
YES if the statement reflects the opinion of the writer.
NO if the statement contradicts the opinion of the writer.
NOT GIVEN if it is impossible to say what the writer thinks about this
6. Popper says that the scientific method is hypothetico-deductive.
7. If a prediction based on a hypothesis is fulfilled, then the hypothesis is confirmed as true.
8. Many people carry out research in a mistaken way.
9. The ‘scientific method’ is more a way of describing research than a way of doing it.
34
Question 10: Which of the following statements best describes the writer’s main purpose in reading
passage ?
A. to advise Ph.D students not to cheat while carrying out research.
B. to encourage Ph.D students to work by guesswork and inspiration.
C. to explain to Ph.D students the logic which the scientific research paper follows.
D. to help Ph.D students by explaining different conceptions of the research process.
Task 7: Read the passage and choose the destination from A – E. Each destination may be
chosen more than once.
EXPLORING THE CANADIAN OUTDOORS
A. Churchill
Churchill, Manitoba, has much to offer in the way of sightseeing, and its natural surrounds are
truly spectacular, but its beauty is nothing but a side-show; the polar bears are the main event in
these parts, Churchill being the unofficial polar bear capital of the world. Every year, from
October to early December, these giant carnivores gather at the mount of the Churchill River in
Hudson Bay and wait patiently until the sea freezes over to enable them to resume seal-hunting
again. The town of Churchill has a mere 900 permanent residents, but, during peak bear-spotting
season, the population swells to more than 10,000, as visitors from near and far come to see the
estimated 1,200 of these cuddly-looking but decidedly lethal beasts that gather around the town
each year. Sadly though, most of the visitors, once they have seen their share of bears and taken
the obligatory been-there-done-it photo, head home without even pausing to scan the horizon for
the other spectacular creature that can be seen in relative abundance here, the Beluga, whose sleek
profile is frequently spotted breaking the surface of the water in the bay, offering up a perfect
opportunity for whale-watching that only those who have really done their homework will ever
get to take advantage of.
B. Banff
Banff was designated Canada’s first national park way back in 1885 in recognition of the fact that
it is an area of truly outstanding natural beauty. Its jagged peaks set against the never-ending light-
blue skyline exemplify what the wild and rugged, and remarkably vast range that is the Canadian
Rockies is all about. Every year, the park attracts around four million visitors, lured there by the
promise of postcard views and abundant wildlife. Banff is home to some 54 mammalian species,
from the impressive but harmless moose and elk, to the more lethal cougar, black bear and grizzly
bear. The park is also home to a thriving adventure sports industry, and offers first-rate hiking
trails with sufficient variety of terrain so as to ensure that both the novice and experienced trekker
are kept satisfied.
C. Niagara Falls
A raging torrent whose fame is such that little if any introduction is necessary, there is a very good
reason why Niagara Falls, or, to be more precise, Canadian Falls, the horseshoe-shaped section of
the gorge this side of the border, is visited by such large numbers of tourists every year, and that is
the simple truth that the scene which greets you on arrival is one of the few genuinely awe-
inspiring spectacles you are ever likely to have the privilege to behold. The falls have proved an
irresistible temptation for many a daredevil over the years, too, with tightrope walker Nik
Wallenda being the most recent case in point – his successful crossing in June 2012 was reported
widely in the international media. But for those of us who aren’t inclined towards acts of such
reckless insanity, there is an alternative to the perilous rope-walk which offers an equally
noteworthy view; the river-boat ride, which takes you just close enough beneath the gushing
torrent to be momentarily deafened by its roar – and you get a free shower into the bargain! A
honey-mooner’s as well as nature-lover’s paradise, Niagara should form part of every visitor’s
itinerary.
D. The Laurentians
35
Just north of Montreal, the distinctly Gallic feel of Mont-Tremblant, a European-style resort in the
heart of the Laurentian Mountains, is typical of the villages of the region. The range itself is an
all-season paradise which is at its best perhaps during late autumn when the forests explode into a
symphony of colour. The area attracts nature- and adventure-lovers alike because, as well as the
resplendence of its natural canvass, it can also boast some of the best ski terrain in north America
(with slopes to cater for every level of enthusiast) and excellent golf – the main attraction of
which is playing against this stunning backdrop no doubt, though the courses are not too shabby
either – in the summer season.
E. The Great Lakes
Known for their diversity ad beauty, and for their disproportionately large contribution to the
Earth’s ecology, the five great lakes combined comprise the largest body of freshwater on the
planet. Their volume is distributed more or less equally between the States and Canada, with the
exception of Lake Michigan which is completely contained within the former country. Their
combined surface area is larger than that of England, Scotland and Wales put together. All five
lakes are interconnected with their primary outlet being the Saint Lawrence River, which flows
through Quebec and eventually empties out into the North Atlantic. Bearing in mind the sheer size
of these bodies of water, few visitors can afford themselves the time required to see all five, but a
stop at any of the various national parks dotted along their shores is very worthwhile, and an
excellent excuse to take in some water-based activities, too, with yatching, canoeing, scuba diving
and much more to choose from.
To which destination does each statement relate?
1. Although this area is rich in natural beauty, the majority of tourists only come to visit during
three specific months of the year for an unrelated reason.
2. In this area, visitors only have the opportunity to play a particular sport during one season each
year.
3. A spectacle which takes place in this region is only known to the few people who thoroughly
research the area.
4. This area sees a huge influx of people at a particular time each year.
5. This area affords visitors an excellent opportunity to partake in a variety of water sports and
activities.
6. This place is known to attract visitors who are on a romantic vacation.
7&8. This destination, or a large part thereof, straddles two separate countries.
9&10. This area offers a variety of terrain such that it is suitable for people of different levels of
ability.
Part 8
1. He seems to be more active because he has won a scholarship to study overseas. (lease)
 That he has won ...........................................................................................................
2. It wasn’t until last week that the minister admitted he was wrong. (error)
 Only ..........................................................................................................................
3. The effects of the gale were felt mainly along the south coast. (brunt)
 The south coast……………………………………………………………………….the gale.
4. She‘s only happy when somebody does all her jobs for her. DANCES
She‘s ................................................................................................
. 5. I have become extremely good at missing the rush hour over the last few weeks (fine)
 I have got………………………………………………………………….…last few weeks.
6. Most people seem to think that I will be next to be promoted. LINE
Most people seem to think that __________________________a promotion..
7. In his place, I wouldn’t care too much about my reputation. HOOTS
If I were him, ...................................................................................
36
8.The police have put a barrier around the building to keep people out. CORDONED
The building ___________________________ police.
9.He was unable to take part in the tournament because of nagging injury. RULED
A nagging injury ____________________________ the tournament.
10. When he made friends in the new place, Ron became less shy and reserved.
When he ........................................................................................SHELL
Part 9; Use from 300 – 350 words to write an essay on the following topic:
School are spending more time teaching traditional subjects such as history. Some people think
that they should rather spend more time teaching skills that can help students find a job. To
what extent do you agree or disagree?

Test 5:
Phần 1:
I. You will hear part of a radio discussion with Ellen Harrington: of the Meadow Lane
Residents Group, and Tim Barlow from Carton Town Planning Department. For questions 1-5,
choose the correct answer (A, B, C or D) which fits best according to what you hear. (10p.)

1. What was Ellen's first reaction when the town centre was closed to traffic?
A She was terrified. B She was miserable.
C She was delighted. D She was suspicious.
2. The mood of the Meadow Lane residents can best be described as
A resigned. B dissatisfied. C furious. B dejected.
3. How does Tim feel about the changes in the town centre?
A He regrets they were made so quickly. B He believes they were inevitable.
C He thinks the town council should have foreseen the problem.
D He is proud the town council went forward with them.
4. What does Tim think about the protest Ellen's group is planning?
A He doesn't think it will accomplish anything.
B He thinks it is not aimed at the right people.
C He doesn't think drivers will be affected.
D He thinks it will be dangerous.
5. How does Ellen react to Tim's comments?
A She thinks he is being evasive.B She accepts his main point.
C She thinks he doesn't understand human nature.D She considers his comments unrealistic.
Your answers
1. …………… 2. …………… 3. …………… 4. …………… 5. ……………
II. You will hear a student called Rob who is in the first year of the theatre studies course
talking to another student called Mia-who is in the fourth year of the same course. Listen and
decide whether these sentences are True (T) or False (F) according to what you hear. (10p.)
Theatre Studies Course
True/ False
1. To prepare to play the character of a doctor, Rob imagined his 1. ……….
grandfather at work.
2. In the play's first scene, the boredom of village life was suggested by 2. ……….
long pauses within conversations
3 .Through working in a group, Rob thinks he is a good leader. 3. ……….
4. To support the production, research material was used which described 4. ……….
changing social attitudes.
5. In the final rehearsal the students overcame the problem of the injury of 5. ……….
37
 one character
III. You will hear a piece of news about the white bear. Listen and complete the summary
below. Write ONE WORD ONLY for each answer. (20p.)

The white bear belongs to the black bear family. Its colour comes from an uncommon
(1) .............................. Local people believe that it has unusual (2) ............................... so they
protect the bear from (3) ....................... when they visit the area.
The white bear’s habitat is quite interesting. The bear’s relationship with the forest is complex.
Tree roots stop (4) ........................... along salmon streams – the bears main food source. The
bears’ feeding habits provide nutrients for forest vegetation. It is currently found on a small
number of (5) ................ off the coast of the province of British Columbia. However, its habitat is
being lost due to deforestation and construction of (6) ......................... by logging companies.
Unrestricted (7) .......................... is affecting the salmon supply. The bears’ existence is also
threatened by their low rate of (8) ............................... .
As for solutions for the situation, interested parties are working together on the problem. Firstly,
logging companies must improve their (9) .......................... of logging. Secondly, maintenance and
(10) ............................. of the spirit bears’ territory are needed.
Your answers
1. …………… 2. …………… 3. …………… 4. …………… 5. ……………
6. …………… 7. …………… 8. …………… 9. …………… 10. ……………

Part 1:
PREPOSITIONS AND PHRASAL VERBS (10ms)
Choose the word which best completes each of the following sentences.
1. Our teacher tends to…………….certain subjects which she finds difficult to talk about.
A. boil down B. string along C. skate over D. track down
2. I was so tired that I just………….in the armchair.
A. flaked out B. broke up C. dropped out D. fell over
3. He couldn’t have been very hungry. He just…………….at his food.
A. worked B. nibbled C. got D. marked down
4. Simon hasn’t got a job, and isn’t trying to get one: he just………..his friends.
A. meddles with B. drags on C. sponges on D. tarts up
5. At first, the managing director insisted that he was right and everyone else was mistaken, but in
the end was forced to…………..
A. ease off B. gulp down C. scrape through D. climb down
6. I need twenty pounds to…………me………..until the end of the month.
A. turn in B. tide over C. dig into D. dry up
7. You must try not to…………your brother’s death.
A. roll on B. make out C. dwell on D. wipe out
8. The patient was very ill indeed. The doctors were working……….time.
A. against B. with C. on D. for
9. The boxer lost the fight because he hit his opponent…………the belt.
A. at B. by C. around D. below
10. I felt pleased I no longer had the responsibility. It was a weight…………….my shoulders.
A. on B. with C. off D. from
4. Câu số 4: COLLOCATIONS AND IDIOMS (10ms)
Choose the word which best completes each of the following sentences.
1. The last candidate for the managerial position is a pretty unknown _____________.
A.Quality B. quantity C. quandary D. qualification
38
2. The couple tied the knot two months after they met – it was indubitably a _________ romance.
A. typhoon B. hurricane C. whirlwind D. cyclone
3. The introduction of new immigration laws is the ___________ of the town these days.
A.gossip B. story C. talk D. tale
4. Although initially regarded as a ________________, Leicester City finished 2014-2015
Premier League being the champion.
A.rank interloper B. rank outsider C. rank newcomer D. rank foreigner
5. I don’t expect the entry test this year will be more demanding, but ___________, I don’t think it
will be simpler either.
A.over and above B. on the side C. by the same token D. for good measure
6. I love hanging out with Mary – she is really a __________ of sunshine
A. beam B. ray C. glow D. light
7. The teacher, by dint of draconian disciplinary measures, has ___________ terror among his
students. A. stimulated B. inspired C. engaged D. stirred
8. The new superconductors look set to ____________ a useful niche for themselves in the
world's electrical industries.A. etch B. incise C. carve D. lacerate
9. Many people, for all the repeated warnings, remain _______________ ignorant of the danger of
using the mobile phones at night.
A.blissfully B. delightedly C. jubilantly D. ecstatically
10. The authority should not have made those cutting comments, no matter how you _____ it.
A.cut b. slice c. chop d. clip
Part 2; There are ten mistakes in the text below. Underline the mistakes and correct them in
the space provided. (10 points)
Although speech is the most advance form of communication, there are many ways of
communication without using speech. Signals, signs, symbols and gestures may be find in every
known culture. The basic function of a signal is to impinging on the environment in such way that
it attracts attention as the dots and the dashes of a telegraph circuit. Coding to refer to speech, the
potential for communication is very great. Less adaptable to the codification of words, signs also
contain meaning in and of themselves. A stop sign or a barber pole conveys meaning quickly and
conveniently. Symbols are more difficult to describe than signals and signs because of its
relationship with the receiver's cultural perceptions. In some cultures, applauding in a theatre
provides performances with an auditory symbol of approval. Gestures such as waving and
handshaking also communicate some certain cultural message. Although signals, signs, symbols
and gestures are very useful, they do have a major disadvantage. They usually do not allow ideas
to share without the sender being directly adjacent to the receiver.
Your answers:
1. 6.
2. 7.
3. 8.
4. 9.
5. 10.
Part 3: Read the text below and decide which answer (A,B,C or D) best fits each gap
( 10pts).
In the north-west corner of the island paradise Isla Perlita, nestling in the shadow of Mount
Machu, lies the sleepy village of San Lorenzo. Off the beaten (86)_______, there is nothing out of
the ordinary about this quaint little village -nothing, that is, apart from the magnificent
(87)_______ Bay Hotel. The Bay, as it is known locally, is a recent development catering for
(88)_______travellers who enjoy luxury holiday-making. Famous throughout the island for the
outstanding quality of its accommodation and the excellence of its cuisine, the Bay (89)_______
39
30 guest suites, each with a charm and character of its own. Each suite looks (90)_______ Falmer
Beach, commanding breathtaking views of the four miles of white sand, which gently shelves into
the (91)_______ clear waters of the Crepuscan Sea. At the heart of the Bay Hotel is personal,
efficient and unobtrusive service. (92)_______ staff anticipate your every need in an atmosphere
of quiet professionalism and genuine friendliness. (93)_______, the Bay Hotel is a place to get
(94)_______ from the stresses of everyday life, and whether it is (95)_______ away the hours
soaking up the sun or taking advantage of the wide range of recreational activities that the hotel
has on offer, you can be sure that a holiday at the Bay truly is the holiday of a lifetime.
86. A. path B. track C. road D. way
87. A. starred B. stars C. star D. starring
88. A. disconcerting B. discerning C. distinctive D. discriminated
89. A. announces B. claims C. asserts D. boasts
90. A. back on B. onto C. into D. down
91. A. crystal B. sky C. diamond D. pearl
92. A. Preoccupied B. Attentive C. Concentrated D. Undivided
93. A. All over B. For all C. Above all D. All along
94. A. out B. over C. off D. away
95. A. whiling B. wearing C. wending D. winding
Part 4: Read the text below and think of the word which best fits each gap. Use only one
word in each gap. There is an example at the beginning (0) ( 15pts).
THE GREATEST ICE-SKATING COMEDIAN EVER
Werner Groebli was undoubtedly (0) one of the most famous ice-skating comedians of all
time. But even to his many fans the name will mean nothing. They knew him as Frick –
from the ice-skating partnership Frick and Frack – a skater with an outstanding ability to
(1)….. complex skills with zany and contorted body positions that often had audiences (2)
stitches. Good (3) to be Swiss junior skating champion, Groebli nevertheless got more
(4) of fooling around, ridiculing, as he put (5) , ‘the pomposity of professional
skaters’.
Frick and Frack were praised for their grace, comic timing and daring acrobatics (6) than
depending on falls or costumes to get laughs, the duo were celebrated for taking the
traditional (7)……of figure skating and distorting them into amazing feats that left
audiences enthralled. One crowd favorite involved Frack throwing Frick an invisible rope,
(8)….. which point he would slowly glide forward as though (9) pulled. (10) was
‘the farmer’, in which the duo would skate as if sitting on a bouncing tractor seat.
Your answers
1. 2. 3. 4. 5.
6. 7. 8. 9. 10.
Part 5. (15 pts) Read the passage and choose the best answer to each of the questions. Write
your answer in the space provided.
The Origins of Theater
1. In seeking to describe the origins of theater, one must rely primarily on speculation, since there
is little concrete evidence on which to draw. The most widely accepted theory, championed by
anthropologists in the late nineteenth and early twentieth centuries, envisions theater as emerging
out of myth and ritual. The process perceived by these anthropologists may be summarized
briefly. During the early stages of its development, a society becomes aware of forces that appear
to influence or control its food supply and well–being. Having little understanding of natural
causes, it attributes both desirable and undesirable occurrences to supernatural or magical forces,
and it searches for means to win the favor of these forces. Perceiving an apparent connection
between certain actions performed by the group and the result it desires, the group repeats, refines,
40
and formalizes those actions into fixed ceremonies, or rituals.
2. Stories (myths) may then grow up around a ritual. Frequently the myths include representatives
of hose supernatural forces that the rites celebrate or hope to influence. Performers may wear
costumes and masks to represent the mythical characters or supernatural forces in the rituals or in
accompanying celebrations. As a people becomes more sophisticated, its conceptions of
supernatural forces and causal relationships nay change. As a result, it may abandon or modify
some rites. But the myths that have grown up around the rites may continue as part of the group’s
oral tradition and may even come to be acted out under conditions divorced from these rites.
When this occurs, the first step has been taken toward theater as an autonomous activity, and
thereafter entertainment and aesthetic values may gradually replace the former mystical and
socially efficacious concerns.
3. Although origin in ritual as long been the most popular, it is by no means the only theory about
how the theater came into being. Storytelling has been proposed as one alternative. Under this
theory, relating and listening to stories are seen as fundamental human pleasures. Thus, the
recalling of an event (a hunt, battle, or other feat) is elaborated through the narrator’s pantomime
and impersonation and eventually through each role being assumed by a different person.
4. A closely related theory sees theater as evolving out of dances that are primarily pantomimic,
rhythmical or gymnastic, or from imitations if animal noises and sounds. Admiration for the
performer’s skill, virtuosity, and grace are seen as motivation for elaborating the activities into
fully realized theatrical performances.
5. In addition to exploring the possible antecedents of theater, scholars have also theorized about
the motives that led people to develop theater. Why did the theater develop, and why was it valued
after it ceased to fulfill the function of ritual? Most answers fall back on the theories about the
human mind and basic human needs. One, set forth by Aristotle in the fourth century B.C., sees
humans as naturally imitative – as taking pleasure in imitating persons, things, and actions and in
seeing such imitations. Another, advanced in the twentieth century, suggests that humans have a
gift for fantasy, through which they seek to reshape reality into more satisfying forms than those
encountered in daily life. Thus, fantasy or fiction (of which drama is one form) permits people to
objectify their anxieties and fears, confront them, and fulfill their hopes in fiction if not fact. The
theater, then, is one tool whereby people define and understand their world or escape from
unpleasant realities.
6. But neither the human imitative instinct nor a penchant for fantasy by itself leads to an
autonomous theater. Therefore, additional explanations are needed. One necessary condition
seems to be a somewhat detached view of human problems. For example, one sign of this
condition is the appearance of the comic vision, since comedy requires sufficient detachment to
view some deviations from social norms as ridiculous rather than as serious threats to the welfare
of the entire group. Another condition that contributes to the development of autonomous theater
is the emergence of the aesthetic sense. For example, some early societies ceased to consider
certain rites essential to their well-being and abandoned them; nevertheless, they retained as
parts of their oral tradition the myths that had grown up around the rites and admired them for
their artistic qualities rather than for their religious usefulness.
1. The world “championed” in the passage is closest in meaning to
A. changed B. debated C. created D. supported
2. The world “attributes” in the passage is closest in meaning to
A. ascribes B. leaves C. limits D. contrasts
3. According to paragraph 1, theories of the origins of theater
A. are mainly hypothetical
B. are well supported by factual evidence
C. have rarely been agreed upon by anthropologists
41
 D. were expressed in the early stages of theater’s development
4. According to paragraph 1, why did some societies develop and repeat ceremonial actions?
A. To establish a positive connection between the members of the society
B. To help society members better understand the forces controlling their food supply
C. To distinguish their beliefs from those of other societies
D. To increase the society’s prosperity
5. The word “autonomous” in the passage is closest meaning to
A. artistic B. important C. independent D. established
6. According to paragraph 2, what may cause societies to abandon certain rites?
A. Emphasizing theater as entertainment
B. Developing a new understanding of why events occur
C. Finding a more sophisticated way of representing mythical characters
D. Moving from a primarily oral tradition to a more written tradition
7. All of the following are mentioned in paragraph 5 as possible reasons that led societies to
develop theater EXCEPT:
A. Theater allows people to face what they are afraid of.
B. Theater gives an opportunity to imagine a better reality.
C. Theater is a way to enjoy imitating other people.
D. Theater provides people the opportunity to better understand the human mind.
8. Which of the following best describes the organization of paragraph 5?
A. The author presents two theories for a historical phenomenon.
B. The author argues against theories expressed earlier in the passage.
C. The author argues for replacing older theories with a new one.
D. The author points out problems with two popular theories.
9. The word “penchant” in the passage is closest in meaning to
A. compromise B. inclination C. tradition D. respect
10. Which of the sentences below best expresses the essential information in the italic sentence in
the passage? Incorrect choices change the meaning in important ways or leave out essential
information.
A. A society’s rites were more likely to be retained in the oral tradition if its myths were
admired for artistic qualities.
B. The artistic quality of a myth was sometimes an essential reason for a society to abandon
it from the oral tradition.
C. Some early societies stopped using myths in their religious practices when rites ceased to
be seen as useful for social well-being.
D. Myths sometimes survived in a society’s tradition because of their artistic qualities even
after they were no longer deemed religiously beneficial.
Your answers:
1. 2. 3. 4. 5.
6. 7. 8. 9. 10.
Part 6. (15 pts) Read the following passage and do the tasks that follows. Write your answer
in the space provided.
Mutual harm
A In forests and fields all over the world, plants are engaged in a deadly chemical war to
suppress other plants and create conditions for their own success. But what if we could learn the
secrets of these plants and use them for our own purposes? Would it be possible to use their
strategies and weapons to help us improve agriculture by preventing weeds from germinating and
encouraging growth in crops? This possibility is leading agricultural researchers to explore the
effects plants have on other plants with the aim of applying their findings to farming.
42
B The phenomenon by which an organism produces one or more chemicals that influence the
growth, survival and reproduction of other organisms is called allelopathy. These chemicals are a
subset of chemicals produced by organisms called secondary metabolites. A plant's primary
metabolites are associated with growth and development. Allelochemicals, however, are part of a
plant's defence system and have a secondary function in the life of the organism. The term
allelopathy comes from the Greek: allelo and pathy meaning 'mutual harm'. The term was first
used by the Austrian scientist Hans Molisch in 1937, but people have been noting the negative
effects that one plant can have on another for a long time. In 300 BC, the Greek philosopher
Theophrastus noticed that pigweed had a negative effect on alfalfa plants. In China, around the
first century AD, the author of Shennong Ben Cao Jing described 267 plants that have the ability
to kill pests.
C Allelopathy can be observed in many aspects of plant ecology. It can affect where certain
species of plants grow, the fertility of competitor plants, the natural change of plant communities
over time, which plant species are able to dominate a particular area, and the diversity of plants in
an area. Plants can release allelopathic chemicals in several ways: their roots can release
chemicals directly into the soil, and their bark and leaves can release chemicals into the soil as
they rot. Initially, scientists were interested in the negative effects of allelopathic chemicals.
Observations of the phenomenon included poor growth of some forest trees, damage to crops,
changes in vegetation patterns and, interestingly, the occurrence of weed-free areas. It was also
realised that some species could have beneficial effects on agricultural crop plants and the
possible application of allelopathy became the subject of research.
D Today research is focused on the effects of weeds on crops, the effects of crops on weeds,
and how certain crops affect other crops. Agricultural scientists are exploring the use of
allelochemicals to regulate growth and to act as natural herbicides, thereby promoting sustainable
agriculture by using these natural chemicals as an alternative to man-made chemicals. For
example, a small fast-growing tree found in Central America, sometimes called the 'miracle tree',
contains a poison that slows the growth of other trees but does not affect its own seeds. Chemicals
produced by this tree have been shown to improve the production of rice. Similarly, box elder -
another tree - stimulates the growth of bluestem grass, which is a tall prairie grass found in the
mid-western United States. Many weeds may use allelopathy to become ecologically successful; a
study in China found that 25 out of 33 highly poisonous weeds had significant allelopathic
properties.
E There may be at least three applications of allelopathy to agriculture. Firstly, the
allelopathic properties of wild or cultivated plants may be bred into crop plants through genetic
modification or traditional breeding methods to improve the release of desired allelochemicals and
thus improve crop yield. Secondly, a plant with strong allelopathic properties could be used to
control weeds by planting it in rotation with an agricultural crop and then leaving it to rot and
become part of the soil in order to inhibit the growth of weeds. Finally, naturally occurring
allelopathic chemicals could be used in combination with man-made chemicals. Boosting the
efficiency of man-made herbicides could lead to a reduction in the amount of herbicides used in
agriculture, which is better for the environment.
F Despite the promising uses of allelopathic chemicals, agricultural scientists are still
cautious. Firstly, allelopathic chemicals may break down and disappear in the soil more easily
than artificial chemicals. Secondly, allelopathic chemicals may be harmful to plants other than
weeds. Thirdly, allelopathic chemicals could persist in the soil for a long time and may affect
crops grown in the same field as the allelopathic plants at a later date. Because the effects of
allelopathic chemicals are not yet fully known, agricultural scientists will need to continue to
study the biological war between plants.
Choose the correct heading for paragraphs B-F from the list of headings below. Write the
43
correct number, i-ix, next to Questions 1-5.
List of Headings
i What are metabolites?
ii The negative effects of allelopathy
iii Biological warfare in the plant world
iv Why we cannot use alleiopathic chemicals at present
v What is allelopathy?
vi The reasons why plants compete with other plants
vii The effects of allelopathy and realisation of its possible uses
viii How could we use alleiopathic chemicals in farming?
ix Specific examples of alleiopathic plants
Example Answer
Paragraph A iii
1. Paragraph B
2. Paragraph C
3. Paragraph D
4. Paragraph E
5. Paragraph F
Your answers:
1. 2. 3. 4. 5.
Questions 6-10: Complete the summary below. Choose NO MORE THAN TWO WORDS
from the passage for each answer. Write your answer in the space provided.
Scientists can see three potential uses of allelopathic chemicals in farming. Firstly, the ability to
produce allelopathic chemicals could be (6) ________ into agricultural crops; secondly,
allelopathic plants could be planted in rotation with the (7) ________; finally, naturally produced
chemicals could be combined with (8) ________ herbicides. However, agriculturalists are still (9)
________ as allelopathic plants may have negative effects on plants which are not the intended
target and the chemicals could remain in the ground for a(n) (10) ________, even after the plants
themselves have died.
Part 7 You are going to read an article about the value of boredom. For questions 47-56,
choose from the sections of the article (A-D). The sections may be chosen more than once.
When more than one answer is required, these may be given in any order.
In which section of the article is the following mentioned?
47 points out a drawback in failing to allow time for mundane reflection?
48 comments on a personal experience of using a particular psychological technique?
49 comments on the broad appeal that a particular notion might potentially have?
50 suggests that boredom as a way of dealing with a problem is not a new idea?
51 distinguishes between mere reflection and conscious avoidance of mental stimulation?
52 refers to the communication of an erroneous message?
53 refers to an activity indicative of modern life taking place in various locations?
54 outlines a positive consequence of distancing oneself from technology?
55 explains that a particular finding supported existing knowledge?
56 remarks on the significance of monotony in the development of the human species?
Time Out
It seems that embracing boredom and allowing ourselves to drift away could be good for us
A
Consider any public place where people used to enjoy a spot of silent contemplation – from train
carriages and beauty spots to our local streets – and these days you’ll see people plugged into their
seductive electronic sources of constant stimulation. All this information overload seems like a
44
terribly modern-day problem. But one unique thinker actually stumbled on a neat solution several
decades ago: radical boredom. In 1942, a German writer called Siegfried Karcauer wrote
despairingly of the massive over-stimulation of the modern city where people listening to the
radio were in a state of ‘permanent receptivity, constantly pregnant with London, the Eiffel
Tower, Berlin.’ His answer was to suggest a period of total withdrawal from stimulation – to cut
ourselves off and experience ‘extraordinary, radical boredom’. On a sunny afternoon when
everyone is outside, one would do best to hang about the train station,’ he wrote. ‘Or better yet,
stay at home, draw the curtains and surrender oneself to one’s boredom on the sofa.’
B
Karcauer believed that actively pursuing boredom in this way was a valuable means of unlocking
playful wild ideas far away from plain reality and, better still, achieve ‘a kind of bliss that is
almost unearthly’. It’s a beautiful theory and one that would definitely hold an allure for many
people. Plus modern research suggests that it might actually have a sound psychological basis. To
test the potential positives of boredom, psychologist Dr Sandi Mann asked a group of 40 people to
complete a task designed to showcase their creativity. But before they got started on it, a subgroup
was asked to perform a suitably dull task – copying numbers from the telephone directory for 15
minutes. The data pointed to the group that had previously endured boredom displaying more
creative flair during the task than the control group. According to psychologists this is normal,
because when people become bored and start to daydream, their minds come up with different
processes and they work out more creative solutions to problems
C
This would suggest perhaps, that by overstimulating our minds, we’re not just making ourselves
more stressed, we’re also missing out on a chance to unhook our thoughts from the daily grind
and think more creatively. Having said that, psychologists also point out that despite its bad
reputation, boredom has a definite evolutionary purpose. Mann says ‘Without it, we’d be like
toddlers in a perpetual state of amazement. Just imagine it: “Wow – look at that fantastic cereal at
the bottom of my bowl!” It may be very stimulating, but we’d never get anything done.’ That puts
me in mind of adults who are addicted to social media and smart phones – attention seeking,
scurrying around the internet screaming ‘Look at this! Look at them! Look at me!’ while the real
world beyond the electronic devices continues on untroubled and unexamined. Meanwhile, as
Mann points out, we’re incorrectly teaching our actual toddlers that boredom and lack of
stimulation is something to be feared rather than embraced.
D
So how do you learn to tactically embrace periods of radical boredom? The first step is realising
that this is different from simply taking time to ponder what you’ve done since getting up that
morning. ‘Using boredom positively is about creating new opportunities when your mind isn’t
occupied and you can’t focus on anything else,’ says Mann. This could be as simple as staring out
the window or watching the rain come down. Or heading off for a solitary walk with no fixed
destination in mind, or your smart phone in your pocket. Anything that gives your mind the rare
chance to drift off its moorings. ‘I can really recommend it,’ says Mann. ‘It’s a great experience –
like taking a holiday from your brain.’ I’m definitely sold. I’m trying to keep my phone turned off
during the weekends and allow myself the odd, dreamy wallow on the sofa during the week, time
permitting. And the best thing: it works. After taking a break and allowing my mind to roam, it
returns refreshed and revitalized, with a fresh take on the challenges that I face during the day.
When my daughter gets to an age when she’s ready to whine ‘I’m bored’, I’ll know exactly what
to say!
Your answers:
1. 2. 3. 4. 5.
6. 7. 8. 9. 10.
45
Part 8:
11. When they started their trek, they had no idea how bad the weather would become. (OUTSET)
 Nobody realized _____________________ how bad the weather would become.
12. The footballer injured his knee, so that was the end of his hopes of a first team place. (PAID)
 The footballer’s knee _____________________ his hopes of a first team place.
13. I inherited this clock from my father and it belonged to his grandfather before that. (DOWN)
 This clock grandfather to my father and, in turn, to me
14. Don't panic about something so trivial. MOUNTAIN
______________________________________________________________________
15. They arrived at their destination alive and kicking. SOUND
_____________________________________________________________________
16. Spending two weeks in hospital was very different from lying on the beach! (CRY)
Spending two weeks in hospital was …………………………………lying on the beach!
17.They are living in poverty and are worried about being evicted for not being able to pay
the rent. MOUTH
They are living from .......................................................................................
18. I’m finding it difficult to cope with all the work I have to do.(TOP)
All the work I have to do ………………………………………………. me.
19. I wouldn’t confront the manager if I were you.(HORNS)
I wouldn’t ………………………………………. the manager if I were you.
20. He was arrested when they caught him driving a stolen vehicle. (ACT)
Being ……………………………………………….. a stolen vehicle, he was arrested.

Test 6
Phần 1:
Part 1: Listen to a discussion on expectations in today’s job market and choose the correct
answer A, B, C, or D which fits best according to what your hear. (10pts) (Adopted from
Cambridge Objective Proficiency)
1. How does Diane Webber view “job for life”?
A. She regrets the fact that this situation is no longer the norm.
B. She feels that many long-serving employees fail to make a useful contribution.
C. She believes that people should have challenged their employers’ motives more.
D. She wishes the workplace had been more secure in the past.
2. According to Diane, younger workers in today’s workplace
A. learn all the skills they need early on.B. accept lateral moves if they are attractive.
C. expect to receive benefits right from the start.D. change jobs regularly to achieve a
higher level.
3. What does Diane say about continuity in companies?
A. It is desirable in both junior and senior management.
B. It is impossible to achieve in today’s more competitive environment.
C. It is unimportant, due to the greater emphasis on teamwork.
D. It is necessary, but only up to a point.
4. According to Diane, what is the actual benefit of higher levels of personnel movement?
A. Higher levels of output. B. Better problem-solving.
C. More creativity. D. Greater efficiency.
5. Diane considers that nowadays companies are at most risk from
A. run-of-the-mill employees who play safe.B. successful high-fliers who quickly move on.
C. unreliable staff who lack commitment.D. external advisors who have undue power.
Part 2: You will hear part of an interview with Norman Cowley, a well-known novelist and
46
biographer. For questions 1-5, decide whether the statement is TRUE (T) or FALSE (F). Write
your answers in the corresponding numbered boxes provided. (10 pts) (Adapted from
Cambridge Certificate in Advanced English 6)
1. Norman Cowley is proud of the directness of the writing of his first novel.
2. According to Norman Cowley, the value of book reviews now is that they motivate less
committed writers.
3. Norman Cowley thinks that some modern novels don’t analyze the characters sufficiently.
4. Norman Cowley believes that a novel should mainly give beautiful language to the reader.
5. What Norman Cowley likes about writing a biography is making the subject known to a
wider audience.
Your answers:
1. 2. 3. 4. 5.

Part 3: You will hear an interview with a man called Daren Howarth, who works as a
carbon coach. For questions 1-10, complete the sentences with NO MORE THAN THREE
WORDS AND/OR A NUMBER for each answer. Write your answers in the corresponding
numbered boxes provided. (20 pts) (Adopted from FCE listening test 6)
The Carbon Coach
1. Daren says that a carbon coach works full-time as a (1)____________ with various clients.
2. Before becoming a carbon coach, Daren trained to be an (2)___________ .
3. When assessing a family's carbon footprint, Daren looks first at their (3) __________ .
4. Daren uses what's called a (4) ________ to see how much electricity things use.
5. Daren points out that (5) _______ will help pay for roof insulation.
6. Daren feels that using (6) __________ of the old type is the worst waste of energy he sees.
7. Daren helped to reduce a band's carbon footprint at (7) ________ as well as on its CDs.
8. Daren mentions a new type of green home called an (8) ________ .
9. The new green home uses both the sun and (9) _______ to produce electricity.
10. Daren suggests buying a (10) ____ which gives more information about the new green home.
Phần 2 Part 1:
III. 21-30 PREPOSITIONS - PHRASAL VERBS
21. The service was slow and the bill was incorrect. I put it ______ _______ poor management.
A. down for B. in by C. in for D. down to
22. If you were giving a talk, would you want your colleagues in the audience rooting ______
you?
A. on B. up C. for D. out
23. A couple of boys were _____________ in the pool.
A. impinging on B. larking about C. ploughing ahead D. floating out
24. We were ____________ the task of writing a report of the college´s games.
A. assigned to B. taken over C. run up D. saddled with
25. He didn´t use his position on the council to lord it ________ people.
A. over B. upon C. for D. on
26. Anti-terrorist squad officers _________ the area to search for possible bombs.
A. sealed off B. set off C. come through D. split up
27. Two men who had _________ in the container were arrested when the police opened it.
A. stowed away B. seen to C. broken off D. sat around
28. As we were in an urgent need of syringes and other medical equipment, the aid organization
promised to deliver them the double.A. with B. in C. at D. round
29. The secretary dashed ___________ the weekly report to his director
A. up B. off C. of D. for
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30. I __________ an important deal yesterday and she was so thrilled!
A. came across B. mucked up C. shot down D. gunned for
B. 31-40 COLLOCATIONS AND IDIOMS
Choose the best options to complete the following sentences.
31. There’s been a slight improvement in his heallth, but he’s not out of the _______ yet.
A. bush B. wood C. hand D. reach
32. He’s unreliable at the best of times, but forgetting my birthday was the last _______.
A. drop B. breath C. straw D. despair
33. The government has been forced into a ________ after the revelation of a cover-up.
A. climbdown B. getaway C. outbreak D. breakout
34. The workforce has been pared to the ____.A. quick B. fruit C. ball D. bone
35. Once a major politician endorsed the young man’s candidacy, everyone ______ on the
bandwagon and started supporting him, too.A. walked B. stepped C. jumped D. climbed
36. She now says she didn’t really want the job that she failed to get, but I think it’s just
________.
A. a cup of tea B. an act C. full of beans D. sour grapes
37. Be realistic! You can’t go through life looking at the world through _______.
A. rosed-coloured spectacles B. bright sights
C. magnificent spectacles D. green fingers
38. Those were the ethnic ___________ we put people in then.
A. dogholes B. pigeonholes C. boltholes D. foxholes
39. I slept badly last night and am feeling particularly ___________ this morning.
A. slow-witted B. far-reaching C. off-hand D. top-heavy
40. Searching for one man in this city is like looking for a _________.
A. salt of the earth B. sand in the desertC. needle in a haystack D. drop in the ocean
Part 2:. The passage below contains TEN mistakes. Underline the mistakes and provide the
Crime preventing is as crucial in the workplace as it is in the home or Line 1
neighbourhood. Reducing crime is as much a part of good management as Line 2
prompt delivery, good staff relations, and other acceptable management Line 3
functions. Losses from shops through shoplifting are extremely high and Line 4
utimately, those losses are payment for by all of us in high prices. There are Line 5
many opportunities for shopkeepers themselves to reduce shoplifting. As with all Line 6
types of criminal, prevention is better than cure. The best deterrent is the present Line 7
of staff properly trained in how to identify potential shoplifters. There are also Line 8
many secure devices now available. Video camera surveillance is a popular Line 9
system, even with quite small retailers. In clothes shopping, magnetic tag Line
marking systems that set off an alarm if they are taken out of the shop have 10
proved their worthless. However, there are many simpler measures that retailers Line
should consider. Better lighting and ceiling-hung mirrors can help staff to watch 11
all parts of the display area. Similarly, simply arrangement shelves and display Line
units to allow clear fields of visible is a good deterrent 12
Your answers:
1. 6.
2. 7.
3. 8.
4. 9.
5. 10.
Part 3: Read the text and choose the correct answer A, B, C or D to fill in each blank. Write

48
A “biological annihilation” of wildlife in recent decades means a sixth mass extinction in Earth’s
history is under (1) ................... and is more severe than previously feared, according
to research. Scientists analysed both common and rare species and found billions of regional or
local populations have been lost.
They blame human overpopulation and overconsumption for the crisis and warn that it threatens
the survival of human civilisation, with just a short (2) ............... of time in which to act. The
study, published in the (3)................ journal Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences,
eschews the normally sober (4) ............. of scientific papers and calls the (5)
..................................loss of wildlife a “biological annihilation” that (6) ................................
a “frightening assault on the foundations of human civilisation”. Previous studies have shown
species are becoming extinct at a significantly faster rate than for millions of years before, but
even so extinctions remain relatively rare giving the impression of a gradual loss of biodiversity.
The new work instead takes a broader (7) ........................... , assessing many common species
which are losing populations all over the world as their ranges (8) ......................... , but remain
present elsewhere.
The scientists conclude: “The resulting biological annihilation obviously will have serious
ecological, economic and social consequences. Humanity will eventually pay a very high price for
the decimation of the only (9) ....................of life that we know of in the universe.”
They say, while action to halt the decline remains possible, the (10) ........... do not look good:
“All signs point to ever more powerful assaults on biodiversity in the next two decades, painting a
dismal picture of the future of life, including human life.”
1. A. Route B.process C. Fire D.way
2. A. Door B.passage C.window D.tunnel
3. A. co-reviewed B peer-reviewed C.joint-reviewed D. over –reviewed
4. A. Flow B. Tone C. Aura D. voice
5. A. Gigantic B. colossal C. Massive D. tremendous
6. A. Represents B.conveys C.demonstrates D. displays
7. A. Vision B.view C. Point D. look
8. A. Reduce B.shrink C.shorten D.contract
9. A. Assemble B.assemblage C. Abbreviation D. Accumulation
10.A. chances B.likelihood C.probabilities D.prospects
Part 2: Fill in each numbered blank with a suitable word to complete the following text.
Pompeii had been a Roman commercial centre situated some ten kilometres from Mount
Vesuvius. It was a beautiful and prosperous town. None of its (1) ____ were worried about the
volcano because it was considered to be extinct. There were no records of an (2) ____ in
existence. Meanwhile, beautiful grapevines grew up on the sides of the mountain in abundance.
There were warnings of impending volcanic activity, but the inhabitants did not seem to (3) ____
heed of them. Previously, there had been a violent local earthquake with minor earthquakes
following for the next several years. We know that earth tremors are predictive of (4) ____
volcanic eruption. The Romans in Pompeii, however, did not seem to sense the danger that was
approaching them. Probably the first written eye witness account in history of a (5) ____ eruption
was noted in a letter. It described how a great cloud rose from Mount Vesuvius at about noon on
the 24th of August 79 A.D. Pompeii was covered by falling ash. We know (6) ____ what people
were doing when they were caught by this disaster. This is because they were mummified by the
hot lava that flowed down the mountainside and (7) ____ the surrounding land. Most of the people
were running away, trying to escape, when the lava caught them, but others were caught as they
went about their (8) ____ work. A dog was mummified in the lava. It was curled up asleep on that
day so long ago.

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 In one short afternoon, the (9) ____ town of Pompeii was reduced to ruins. The (10) ____
would not have been so enormous if the Romans of the district had only known how to interpret
the signs.
Part 5 Read the passage then choose the best answer (A, B, C, D) to each question that follows
MUSICAL TALENT
Among all the abilities with which an individual may be endowed, musical talent appears
earliest in life. Very young children can exhibit musical precocity for different reasons. Some
develop exceptional skill as a result of a well- designed instructional regime, such as the Suzuki
method for the violin. Some have the good fortune to be born into a musical family in a household
filled with music. In a number of interesting cases, musical talent is part of an otherwise disabling
condition such as autism or mental retardation. A musically gifted child has an inborn talent;
however, the extent to which the talent is expressed publicly will depend upon the environment in
which the child lives.
Musically gifted children master at an early age the principal elements of music, including
pitch and rhythm. Pitch – or melody –is more central in certain cultures, for example, in Eastern
societies that make use of tiny quarter – tone intervals. Rhythm, sounds produced at certain
auditory frequencies and grouped according to a prescribed system, is emphasized in sub –
Saharan Africa, where the rhythmic ratios can be very complex.
All children have some aptitude for making music. During infancy, normal children sing as
well as babble, and they can produce individual sounds and sound patterns. Infants as young as
two months can match their mother’s songs in pitch, loudness, and melodic shape, and infants at
four months can match rythmic structure as well. Infants are especially predisposed to acquire
these core aspects of music, and they can also engage in sound play that clearly exhibits creativity.
Individual differences begin to emerge in young children as they learn to sing. Some
children can match large segments of a song by the age of two or three. Many others can only
approximate pitch at this age and may still have difficulty in producing accurate melodies by the
age of five or six. However, by the time they reach school age, most children in any culture have a
schema of what a song should be like and can produce a reasonably accurate imitation of the
songs commonly heard in their environment.
The early appearance of superior musical ability in some children provides evidence that
musical talent may be a separate and unique form of intelligence. There are numerous tales of
young artists who have a remarkable “ear” or extraordinary memory for music and natural
understanding of musical structure. In many of these cases, the child is average in every other way
but displays an exceptional ability in music. Even the most gifted child, however, takes about ten
years to achieve the levels of performance or composition that would constitute mastery of the
musical sphere.
Every generation in music history has had its famous prodigies – individuals with
exceptional musical powers that emerge at a young age. In the eighteenth century, Wolfgang
Amadeus Mozart began composing and performing at the age of six. As a child, Mozart could
play the piano like an adult. He had perfect pitch, and at age nine he was also a master of the art of
modulation – transitions from one key to another – which became one of the hallmarks of his
style. By the age of eleven, he had composed three symphonies and 30 other major works.
Mozart’s well- developed talent was preserved into adulthood.
Unusual musical ability is a regular characteristic of certain anomalies such as autism. In
one case, an autistic girl was able to play “Happy birthday” in the style of various composers,
including Mozart, Beethoven, Verdi, and Schubert. When the girl was three, her mother called her
by playing incomplete melodies, which the child would complete with the appropriate tone in the
proper octave. For the autistic child, music may be the primary mode of communication, and the

50
child may cling to music because it represents a haven in a world that is largely confusing and
frightening.
1. The word “precocity” in paragraph 1 is closest in meaning to__________.
A.strong interest B. good luck C. advanced skill D. personal style
2. The author makes the point that musical elements such as pitch and rhythm __________ .
A.distinguish music from other art forms B. vary in emphasis in different cultures
C. make music difficult to learn D. express different human emotions
3. The word “predisposed” in paragraph 3 is closest in meaning to __________.
A. inclined B. gifted C. pushed D. amused
4. According to the passage, when does musical talent usually begin to appear?
A. when infants start to babble and produce sound patterns
B. between the ages of two and four months
C. when children learn to sing at two or three years old D. between ten years old and
adolescence
5. According to the passage, which of the following suggests that musical talent is a separate form
of intelligent? A. exceptional musical ability in an otherwise average child
B. recognition of the emotional power of music
C. the ability of all babies to acquire core elements of music
D. differences between learning music and learning language
6. Why does the author discuss Mozart in paragraph 6? A. To compare past and present views
of musical talent B. To give an example of a well-known musical prodigy
C. To list musical accomplishments of the eighteenth century
D. To describe the development of individual musical skill
7. In music, the change from one key to another is known as __________.
A. rhythm B. prodigy C. perfect pitch D. modulation
8. All of the following are given as examples of exceptional musical talent EXCEPT __________.
A. a remarkable “ear” or perfect memory for music
B. ability to compose major works at a young age
C. appreciation for a wide variety of musical styles
D. playing a single song in the style of various composers
9. The word “haven” in paragraph 7 is closest in meaning to __________.
A. beautiful art B. safe place C. personal goal D. single problem
10. Which of the following can be inferred from the passage about exceptional musical ability?
A. It occurs more frequently in some cultures than in others.
B. It is evidence of a superior level of intelligence in other areas.
C. It has been documented and studied but is little understood.
D. It is the result of natural talent and a supportive environment.
Part 6. The following passage has six paragraphs, A-G. Choose the correct headings for
paragraph A-G from the list of headings below. Write the correct number, i-xv, in 86- 92.
NB There are more headings than paragraphs, so you will not use them all.
List of Headings
i Breastfeeding and envy
ii A victim of envy
iii A global remedy for envy
iv What is envy?
v The Evil Eye in Europe
vi Sharing success
vii No grounds for envy
viii Envy and illness
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 ix Envy where resources are limited
x The Swahili in Africa
xi The work of social scientists
xii Envy in relation to other emotions
xiii A dictionary definition of envy
xiv A universal phenomenon
xv Envy in poor societies
86. Paragraph A ______
89. Paragraph D ______ 92. Paragraph G ______
87. Paragraph B ______ 90. Paragraph E ______
88. Paragraph C ______ 91. Paragraph F ______
ENVY WITHOUT REASON?
A Do you come from a culture which places emphasis on the emotion of envy? Without a doubt,
envy is something that we all feel at some time in our lives. The Concise Oxford Dictionary lists
envy as ‘resentful or admiring contemplation of more fortunate person’. Instead of sharing in the
joy of a new job, car or party dress, a friend either pretends she or he has not noticed the
fantastic new BMW or says ‘Mercedes are better’. But does it matter? In many parts of the
world, the personal satisfaction felt by those who prosper is tinged with concerns about the
ill-will which success provokes in friends, and even family members. Envy becomes something
to be feared, for it may have the power to cause harm.
B The Swahili people of Coastal East Africa take envy very seriously. They frequently feel the
need to hide or minimise personal success. Hence, boasting can be a dangerous pastime. Envy
emanates from neighbours, friends and family. After all, a stranger does not care if you have
managed to replace your thatched roof with corrugated iron. But those Swahili who have struggled
to build houses which are a little better than their neighbours often paint on the front of their
houses the slogan, hasidi hana sababu: this means ‘envy without reason’. The slogan seems to
be a forlorn attempt to remind neighbours and any envious passers-by that the apparent
good fortune indicated by a superior house has been earned. The message is that there is no
reason for envy, and that those harbouring ill-will should control their feelings. The
successful are pleading to be allowed to succeed.
C In Swahili culture, and many others, envy emanates from the eye of the beholder. The Evil Eye,
as a source of harm to those who fall under its gaze, is reported throughout much of the world.
Indeed, according to Brian Spooner, an expert on the various ways used to keep envy at bay, the
idea of the Evil Eye is so widespread that it can be regarded as a universal phenomenon. In the
parts of Europe that border the Mediterranean, in the Middle East and North Africa, the wearing of
pendants depicting one large eye is a popular way of repelling envy.
D Ideas about the Evil Eye moved from the Mediterranean to the New World of America. Atwood
Gaines has traced the origin of beliefs about the Evil Eye as a cause of sickness from Spain
to Mexico, Haiti and Puerto Rica. The illnesses caused by the Evil Eye are given specific names
such as gusto. In such cases, the Evil Eye is suspected after an illness or misfortune has already
occurred.
E Marcia Inkhorn has written about the Evil Eye in Egypt. There, women may attribute infertility
and other health problems to the envy of neighbours or friends. But in the Middle East, as
elsewhere, envy can occur in many settings. Hence, at the end of an important meeting to discuss a
research study, the head of the project noticed that her best silk suit had white marks on both the
jacket and skirt. It was ruined. She worked out that after the sumptuous lunch, which had preceded
the meeting, the table had been cleaned with bleach. She had then brushed against the table.
Nobody else’s clothes were damaged. Her Palestinian colleague suggested that envy, harbored by

52
an unknown acquaintance, had ruined her suit. The grounds for envy were either her beautiful
clothes or her powerful position within the research team.
F Some social scientists argue that envy is widespread in societies where resources are
scarce and one person’s gain is considered another’s loss. The reasoning behind this theory of
envy is that, when people are poor and in competition with each other, they believe that there is not
enough good food, good fortune or good jobs to go around. G M Foster studied peasant society in
Latin America and propounded ‘the image of limited good’. According to his theory, when
somebody from a family or village prospers, they use up part of a stock of limited good
and reduce the chances of the success of others. Foster sees the ‘image of limited good’ as
operating in peasant societies where people know and compete with each other in adverse
economic conditions. However, the theory may hold good for many other social and
economic contexts. Take scholarships, for example. There are only so many to go round. If you’re
best friend gets the scholarship, your chances of getting one too may be greatly reduced.
G Western psychoanalysts have also studied envy. Melanie Klein sees envy as an emotion felt by
the breastfeeding infant towards its mother’s breast. Although the infant feels love and gratitude
towards its mother, it also wants the goodness of the milk for itself. Some of these scholars, unlike
everyday speakers of English, are careful to distinguish between envy and jealousy. Swahili people
make the same distinction. Jealousy is a triangular relationship. For example, two friends spend all
their free time together until one takes a lover. The neglected friend grows jealous of the affection
lavished on the new lover. When there is jealousy, three people are involved. Envy, on the other
hand, is more straightforward: one person envies another’s achievement, quality or possession.
While most English people do not take envy seriously, it remains a matter of concern to people
worldwide. It makes ambition and the pursuit of success more difficult, and some would
say, dangerous. Many seek ways to avoid falling victim to envy. How do you deal with it?
Questions 93 - 95
Complete the following sentences with information from the passage. Use NO MORE THAN
THREE WORDS to fill each blank space.
93. The Evil Eye is a __________________________ to those who come within its range.
94. Among the Swahili, boasting is a ________________________________.
95. The Swahili on the East African coast often feel they have to conceal or ________________
Part 7.
You are going to read reviews of four psychology books. For questions 47-56, choose from
the sections of the article (A-D). The sections may be chosen more than once. When more
than one answer is required, these may be given in any order.
About which book is each following point made?
47 It is likely to put certain kinds of people off.
48 It has aims which resemble those in other recently published books.
49 It offers unnecessary advice to readers.
50 It makes seemingly original but convincing observations.
51 It avoids obvious answers to an issue which is familiar to many people.
52 It may prompt the publication of other books exploring the same subject matter.
53 It is organised differently from other writing by the same author.
54 It lacks a clear structure.
55 It challenges a modern trend in psychology.
56 It is difficult to understand in places.
Reviews of psychology books
A Missing Out: in Praise of the Unlived Life by Adam Phillips
In Missing Out, a slim volume peppered with insights that may never have been expressed quite
like this before but which make you want to scrawl ‘yes’ in the margins on almost every page, the
53
psychoanalyst and writer Adam Phillips asserts that we all ‘learn to live somewhere between the
lives we have and the lives we would like’. For ‘modern’ people, ‘the good life is … filled to the
full’; we seek complete satisfaction. But what we need, argues Phillips, isn’t satisfaction but
frustration. You can’t get instant satisfaction because you can’t control people or the world. You
can’t ‘get’ other people because no one can be fully understood and neither, of course, can you.
But a capacity for tolerating frustration allows us to develop. Appropriately, given the subject
matter, this book can be a frustrating read – sometimes you think you’re just getting to grips with
an idea, only for it to slip away. But, as is often true of Phillips’s books, what you do feel when
you’ve finished it is that it offers glimpses of the real, messy and never fully knowable human
heart.
B Together by Richard Sennett
Together is the second book in a planned trilogy about the skills modern humans need for a happy
co-existence. The first addressed the joys of making things with your hands, and the third will be
about cities. This one looks at how we can all get along together. Sennett explores the importance
of equality and how, in unequal societies, people are less willing to co-operate. He argues that our
society is becoming atomised, ‘deskilling people in practising co-operation’. The trouble is it all
feels atomised itself. Sennett’s argument seems to bounce from place to place, and he relies on
anecdotes and experience more than data. It aims to be a practical, how-to guide for maximising
co-operation, but ends up a sort of unsystematic self-help book: listening is as important a skill as
the presentation of your own ideas; discussion need not reach agreement but can teach us new
things; assertiveness is valuable, but so is politeness and diffidence. All true, but don’t we know it
already?
C Teach Us To Sit Still by Tim Parks
A few years ago, a number of writers dealt movingly about what it’s like to have a serious illness.
If Teach Us to Sit Still does well, we could be in for a glut of writing by people who don’t have
much wrong with them, yet still write about it at length. But if they are anything like as good as
this, it might not be such a gloomy prospect. A few years ago, Tim Parks couldn’t sleep and had
serious pains in his side. Medical tests all came back negative, but the pain persisted. So, he
embarked on a sceptical exploration of the possible causes of and cures for his woes. He tried out
an array of theories and therapies. The intensity, of Park’s search makes for a less than relaxing
read, and, in all probability, there will be readers who fail to make it past the first couple of
chapters. Parks, an innovative and prolific novelist, writes wonderfully however, and despite the
subject matter, a layer of wit runs through it Parks eventually achieves some relief through special
breathing exercises and meditation, but uncovers no magic formulas.
D The Antidote by Oliver Burkeman
Should we all be striving for happiness? Should we think positively? Should we try to ignore any
difficult thoughts, feelings, or situations that arise? Many self-help books these days would shout
‘Yes!’ Oliver Burkeman isn’t so sure. A leading writer in what could be called the ‘antiself-help
self-help’ genre – which happily seems to be swelling – Burkeman’s work, as represented in The
Antidote, is not about positive thinking, finding partners, and getting promotions at work and
doesn’t offer facile instructions for living a happy, easy life. Rather, it uses research to suggest
that we reconsider our assumptions and find new ways of thinking and being. Help! How to
Become Slightly Happier, his previous book, comprised a series of short sections, each a page or
two long, which presented an idea fairly quickly. The Antidote has just eight chapters and each
one explores a subject like success and failure in detail. So what are his conclusions? Well, one is
that we have to stop searching for firm answers and quick fixes.
Part 8:
11. The new theatre is extremely ugly and spoils the view of the village. (blot)
=> The new theatre is _______________________________ and spoils the view of the village.
54
12. Your attitude to life would be greatly improved by regular exercise. (wonders)
=> Regular exercise_______________________________________ you look at life.
13. It is as yet unclear whether a new sports centre is being planned or not. (seen)
=> It ___________________________________ are any plans for a new sports centre or not.
14. Mary is far superior to me in terms of technical knowledge. (match)
=> When it comes ________________________________________________ for Mary.
15. Anthony wasn’t at all discouraged by this bad experience. (put)
=> This bad experience _______________________________________________ least.
16. Don't think the police are going to drop your case so quickly. (hook)
-> Don't think the police are going to …………………………… so quickly.
17.I don't really know why, but I don’t trust him. (finger)
-> I can’t …………………………………………………. ,but I don’t trust him
18. Being her only niece, Ann is very precious to her. (APPLE)
Being her only niece____________________________________________.
19. She told Arthur exactly what she thought of what he had done. ( TICKING -OFF)
She________________________________________________________
20. Graham took back his words on noticing there were fresh strawberries on the menu.
(TUNE)
Graham sang ______________________________________________.

TEST 7
Phần 1: Part 1: You will hear a radio discussion about writing a novel. For questions 1-5,
choose the answer (A, B, C or D) which fits best according to what you hear. (10pts) -
1. What does Louise say about Ernest Hemingway’s advice to writers?
A. It is useful to a certain extent.B. It applies only to inexperienced novelists.
C. It wasn’t intended to be taken seriously.D. It might confuse some inexperienced novelists.
2. Louise says that you need to get feedback when you
A. have not been able to write anything for some time.
B. are having difficulty organizing your ideas.
C. are having contrasting feelings about what you have written.
D. have finished the book but not shown it to anyone.
3. What does Louise regard as useful feedback?
A. a combination of general observations and detailed comments
B. both identification of problems and suggested solutions
C. comments focusing more on style than on content
D. as many points about strengths as weaknesses
4. What does Louise say about the people she gets feedback from?
A. Some of them are more successful than her.
B. She doesn't only discuss writing with them.
C. She also gives them feedback on their work.
D. It isn’t always easy for her to get together with them.
5. One reaction to feedback that Louise mentions is that
A. it is justified but would require too much effort to act on.
B. it focuses on unimportant details rather than key issues.
C. it has been influenced by reading other people’s novels.
D. it is not suggesting that major changes to the novel are required.
Part 2: You will hear part of a lecture on the subject of jellyfish. For questions 1 - 5, give short
answers to the questions USING NO MORE THAN FOUR WORDS. (10pts) –
1. Why are jellyfish largely without enemies?
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……………………………………………………………………………………
2. What are TWO things determining where jellyfish can go in the sea?
……………………………………………………………………………………
3. Where do both jellyfish and people tend to end up?
……………………………………………………………………………………
4. Through which method can you counteract tentacles of jellyfish on the victim's body?
……………………………………………………………………………………
5. What part of the blue-coloured moon jellyfish's body appears to be glowing in the dark?
……………………………………………………………………………………
Part 3: Listen to a piece of news about the loss of rainforests and complete the summary below.
WRITE NO MORE THAN THREE WORDS OR A NUMBER. (20pts) – Seeker Daily
Since the beginning of 20th century rainforests have been under threat of extinction. One major
cause of deforestation is repurposing the land for 1. ________ such as growing rubber or palm oil
on its property.
The loss of this dense biodiversity can pose several threats to our modern society. It is estimated
that 2.________ modern medicines would be lost along with thousands of 3._______ derived
from plants while underprivileged groups are relying on rainforest plants for medicines.
According to World Health Organization, 4.______ take up to 50% of all medicines in China.
Another major problem is climate change. Known as 5. _________, rainforests absorb CO2,
clearing it from the atmosphere. A rise in carbon dioxide levels and a fall in rainforest acreage
would contribute to 6. _______ and severe droughts. More seriously, 7. __________ over
resources such as farming land has led to farmers’ deaths globally.
It is not easy to find a feasible approach to stopping deforestation as many people on Earth survive
by means of natural resource 8. __________. A typical example is palm oil industry which helps
to 9. _______ by creating jobs for millions of farmers. Switching to another production of 10.
________ like sunflower or soybean would even cause more land destruction.
Your answers:
1. 6.
2. 7.
3. 8.
4. 9.
5. 10.
Part 1:
III. PHRASAL VERBS AND PREPOSITIONS (05 pts)
Choose the best options to complete the following sentences.
1. I was sitting in a train looking out of the window, when my mind suddenly ..............back to that
amazing trip we made to India.
A. put B. flashed C. stirred D. associated
2. Although Gail thought she should have won first place, she _______ her pride and
congratulated her rival.A. exerted B. swallowed C. bore D. aroused
3. The class went to see the performance of Macbeth because it ..............in well with the project
they were doing on Scottish history. A. crammed B. stood C. tied D. booked
4. Morag is very good at ..............off the teacher in her school.
A. sending B. calling C. taking D. putting
5. Why don’t you get your homework ..............with so you can enjoy the rest of the evening?
A. around B. over C. by D. away
6. She hasn’t spoken German for over a year and I think she wants to blush.............. a few things.

56
 A. out in B. on with C. up on D. over on
7. I’d been cooped ............in my office all morning so I went out for a walk and a spot of fresh air.
A. over B. by C. down D. up
8. As their bookshop wasn’t doing well, they decided to branch ..............and sell compact discs
and cassettes as well. A. outB. over C. down on D. out for
9. The door burst open and his mother barged ............... “I thought so”, she said. “You’re not
doing your homework.” A. into B. in C. on D. along
10. Polynesia. The very name conjures ..............images of sundrenched beaches and warm
turquoise seas. A. out B. up C. over D. in
B. COLLOCATIONS AND IDIOMS(05 pts)
Choose the best option to complete the following sentences.
1. In an exceptionally bitter election campaign, both candidates __________ and accused each
other of corrupt practices. A. went overboard B. went off the air
C. went for the jugular D. went to pieces
2. I hate to be the one to __________, but things aren't as good as you think.A. bring you to your
sensesB. bring you down to earthC. bring you down a peg or twoD. bring you into the world
3. I don’t mind __________if you use my country house while I’m away.
A. to say the least B. in the least C. least of all D. at least
4. The doctor says if you keep taking these pills, you’ll be __________ in no time.
A. null and void B. up and about C. spick and span D. good and ready
5. Some doctors are confident that vaccines for COVID-19 will be available down the
__________, but they also admit that they still have a long way to go.
A. track B. road C. path D. trail
6. Jenifer gave Fred the cold __________ because of the rumours he’s spreading about her.
A. eye B. look C. shoulder D. feet
7. The weekend is over, so tomorrow morning it’s back to the________ .
A. grind B. labour C. drudgery D. toil
8. The project will be kept__________ until the new manager comes.
A. in order B. off and on C. on ice D. off the peck
9. To make a profit, we’ll have to add a few thousand new customers to our list, which is
__________. A. a piece of cake B. out of order C. out of our depth D. a tall order
10. . I'm afraid we got our ______crossed. I thought my husband would be picking up the children
and he thought I was doing it.A. wires B. purposes C. fingers D. minds
Part 2:There are 10 mistakes in the passage. Find out and correct them. (10 points)
Li After inventing dynamite, Swedish-born Alfred Nobel became very rich man.
ne Therefore, he foresaw its universally destructive powers too late. Nobel preferred not to
remember as the inventor of dynamite, so in 1895, just two weeks before his death, he
created a fund to be used for rewarding prizes to people who had made worthwhile
contributions to mankind. Originally there were five awards: literature, physics,
5 chemistry, medicine, and peace. Economy was added in 1968, just sixty-seven years
after the first award ceremony. Nobel’s original legacy of nine millions dollars was
invested, and the interest in this sum is used for the awards which vary from 30,000 to
125,000.
Every year on December 10, the anniversary of Nobel’s death, the awards (gold medal,
10 illuminated diploma, and money) is presented to the winners. Sometimes politics plays
an important role in the judges decisions. Americans have won numerous science
awards, but relatively few literature prizes. No awards were presented from 1940 to
15 1942 at the beginning of World War II. Some people have won two prizes, but this is
scarce; others have shared their prizes.
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Your answers:
Line Mistakes Corrections
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
9.
10.
Part 3: Read the passage below and fill each of the following numbered spaces with ONE
suitable word. Write your answers in the corresponding boxes provided. (15p)
SIGNS OF THE TIMES
We are familiar (0) with the saying “a picture paints a thousand words” and in the global village
the world has become, information in pictorial form is (1)_____we turn. Much communication
takes place through symbols rather than words, a case in point (2) ______ airports, where you can
see the majority of the thirty-four symbols devised (3) ______ the American Institute of Graphic
Arts in the 1970s. Such signs as a knife and fork for a restaurant or a telephone for a phone booth
are a boon for (4) _______ a traveller who does not speak English or use the Latin alphabet. (5)
_______ worldwide "languages" of this kind are musical and mathematical notation, circuit
diagrams, road signs and computer icons, (6)______, again, bypass the need for words. Even a
label on a garment will carry, in symbols, washing and ironing instructions. All these (7) ______
to be sufficient to their , (8)______ restricted worlds but would it really be possible to devise a
universal symbolic system of communication independent of any spoken language, culture-free
and value-free, as dreamt of by the seventeenth-century philosopher Leibniz? It would seem (9)
______. Chinese and Japanese pictograms and ancient Egyptian hieroglyphics are sometimes
cited as examples of such a system, yet both Japanese script and Egyptian hieroglyphics include
sound-base elements and Chinese is often transliterated (10)______ romanised sound based "pin
yin" script. In a word, words are inescapable.
Your answers
1. 2. 3. 4. 5.
6. 7. 8. 9. 10.
Part 2. Read the text below and decide which answer (A, B, C or D) best fits each gap.
Write your answers in the corresponding numbered boxes provided. (10p.)
The US has refused to sign up to a G7 pledge that calls the Paris climate accord the “irreversible”
global tool to address climate change. The G7 environment ministers issued a final repor tafter
their two-day meeting in Bologna, the first since the US announced it was withdrawing from the
Paris climate agreement. In a (51) ___________ to the G7 report, the US said on Monday it would
not join with the other six countries in reaffirming their Paris (52) ___________, but said it was
taking action on its own to reduce its carbon footprint.
As a result, the US said it would not join those sections of the report on climate and multilateral
development (53) _______________. The head of the US Environmental Protection Agency,
Scott Pruitt,attended the first few hours of the(54) _________ on Sunday, but left to attend a(n)
(55) ____________.meeting in Washington.Presenting the report, Italy’s environment minister,
Gian Luca Galletti, called the Paris accord “irreversible,non-negotiable and the only instrument
possible to (56) __________ climate change”. He said the other G7 countries hoped to continue
constructive (57) _____________ with the US but insisted on the Paris (58) _____________.
58
“Everything else for us is excluded,” he said.The 2015 Paris agreement aims to prevent the Earth
from heating up by 2C since the start of the industrial
(59) ____________ As the world has already warmed about 1.1C since the industrial revolution,
the accord aims to ensure the (60) __________ is not breached with each nation curbing heat-
trapping emissions.
51. A. foothold B. footnote C. footprint D. footage
52. A. promises B. endorsements C. commitments D. allegations
53. A. banks B. piles C. heaps D. lumps
54. A. peaks B. summit C. climax D. pinnacle
55. A. cable B. cabinet C. cachet D. capsule
56. A. resist B. clash C. grapple D. combat
57. A. conversation B. discussion C. dialogue D. consultation
58. A. criteria B. bounds C. conditions D. parameters
59. A. age B. era C. time D. epoch
60. A. boundary B. frontier C. threshold D. standard
Part 5: Read the following passage and choose the best answer. (15 points)
The Development of Pottery
The advent of pottery in primitive human cultures around the world signified a milestone in
human history. Sometimes referred to as the container revolution, pottery enabled primitive
people to boil and steam food, which in turn allowed them to gain sustenance for new and more
varied sources. Durable and watertight pottery containers also allowed them to capture and store
freshwater from rainfall or clean rivers and lakes.
The earliest pottery has been traced back to a few civilizations that appear to have
developed this advancement independent of each other. The oldest pottery known to historians
comes from the Jomon people of Japan from around the year 10,500 B.C. Evidence of the
independent development of pottery has also come from North Africa around 10,000 B.C. and
from South America around 7,000 B.C.
Collecting pottery shards has proven to be one of the best ways for archaeologists to
identify the developmental levels of ancient cultures, especially the ones that were pre-
literate and therefore unable to leave behind a recorded history. By digging up different
shards from different stratum layers, archaeologists can easily date the stages of a culture’s
development. They are able to do this by looking at the style and decoration of the pottery
fragments. Furthermore, trace element analysis enables these researchers accurately to identify the
source of the clay used to make the pottery.
The early pottery was formed with a technique called handwork. Handworked pieces are
constructed from clay that is rolled into long strands by hand and then coiled to form the body of
the vessel. Each of these early pieces of pottery would have been one-of-a-kind due to the
irregularity that is a characteristic of handwork. After these primitive pieces of pottery were
shaped by hand, they would be fired in a primitive kiln, which would have resembled more of a
wood fire.
The next major development in pottery came about with the invention of the pottery wheel
in Mesopotamia sometime between 6,000 and 2,400 B.C. This device revolutionized the
production of pottery since it enabled potters to mass produce their work to meet the growing
needs of the first cities in the world. The pottery wheel is a spinning turntable powered by a foot
pedal that spins clay very quickly, allowing the potter to shape pottery with rotational symmetry.
This results in a much more regular piece of pottery than handwork.
[A] By 800 A.D., Muslim potters in Samarra and Baghdad began employing lead-based
glazes further to finish their pottery. [B] This process of glazing came from the Romans, who had
spread it around the Mediterranean and North Africa. [C] These potters also discovered the new
59
forms of glazing as they attempted to imitate the Chinese white ceramics that were popular at that
time. [D] Although they were able closely to imitate the work of the Chinese, their
experimentation also resulted in new methods of glazing that used tin oxide instead of lead.
In order to harden pottery, it must be fired in a kiln which holds heat at very high
temperatures. The Chinese developed an efficient wood-fired kiln very early in the history of
pottery, called the anagama. This useful device was capable of sustaining the necessary
temperatures without the use of coal and was soon adopted by the Koreans and Japanese as well.
The modern era of pottery factories capable of truly large-scale mass production came
about in 1785 with the English city of Stoke-on-Trent. This was one of the first industrial cities to
make pottery manufacturing its primitive industry. The city was known to have more than 200
pottery manufacturers that employed upwards of 20,000 workers. This city is so famous for
pottery that its nickname is “The Potteries”.
1. The word sustenance in the passage is closest in meaning to
A. inspiration B. nourishment C. support D. instruction
2. According to the passage, evidence of the oldest pottery was found in which of the following
areas? A. Mesopotamia B. China C. North Africa D. Japan
3. Which of the following best expresses the information in the underlined sentence?
A. Pottery shards provide information about the cultures of prehistoric people.
B. Early people recorded their history on pottery shards.C. Archaeologists study ancient
cultures.D. Pre-literate people tried to hide their pottery in underground strata.
4. The author discusses handwork in paragraph 4 in order to
A. show the regular patterns of early pottery B. distinguish it from later advances in pottery
making
C. explain that it was the best method for pottery making
D. discuss the types of decoration used in early pottery
5. Look at the four squares [ ] that indicate where the following sentence could be added to the
passage. “ The introduction of glazes contributed to the quality of the vessels.”
Where would the sentence best fit?
6. The word imitate in the passage is closest in meaning to
A. use B. make C. copy D. shape
7. According to paragraph 5, the significance of the invention of the pottery wheel was that
A. it allowed each piece to be unique
B. it encouraged artists to paint scenes on pottery C. it enabled potters to mass produce their
works D. it inspired many more people to become potters
8-9-10. Choose three from seven answer choices to describe the Wood-fired Kiln:
A. It led to the mass production of pottery.
B. It was invented by the Chinese.
C. It originated in the Roman Empire.
D. It hardened the pottery.
E. It did not use coal.
F. It used tin oxide to finish the pottery.
G. It helped shape the pottery evenly.
IV. Read the passage and do the tasks that follow. (15 points)
a. Choose the most suitable heading for each paragraph from the list of headings below.
List of headings
i. 165 million years
ii. The body plan of archosaurs
iii. Dinosaurs-terrible lizards
iv. Classification according to pelvic anatomy
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 v. The suborders of Saurischia
vi. Lizards and dinosaurs – two distinct superorders
vii. Unique body plan helps identify dinosaurs from other animals
viii. Herbivore dinosaurs
ix. Lepidosaurs
x. Frills and shelves
xi. The origins of dinosaurs and lizards
xii. Bird-hipped dinosaurs
xiii. Skull bones distinguish dinosaurs from other archosaurs
1. Paragraph A: ……..2. Paragraph B: ……..3. Paragraph C: ……..
4. Paragraph D: ……..5. Paragraph E: ……..6. Paragraph F: ……..7. Paragraph G: ……..
Example: Paragraph H: x
What is a dinosaur?
A Although the name dinosaur is derived from the Greek for “terrible lizard”, dinosaurs were
not, in fact, lizards at all. Like lizards, dinosaurs are included in the class Reptilia, or
reptiles, one of the five main classes of Vertebrata, animals with backbones. However, at
the next level of classification, within reptiles, significant differences in the skeletal
anatomy of lizards and dinosaurs have led scientists to place these groups of animals into
two different superorders: Lepidosauria, or lepidosaurs, and Archosauria, or archosaurs.
B Classified as lepidosaurs are lizards and snakes and their prehistoric ancestors. Included
among the archosaurs, or “ruling reptiles”, are prehistoric and modern crocodiles, and the
now extinct thecodonts, pterosaurs and dinosaurs. Palaeontologists believe that both
dinosaurs and crocodiles evolved, in the later years of the Triassic Period (c. 248-208
million years ago), from creatures called pseudosuchian thecodonts. Lizards, snakes and
different types of thecodonts are believed to have evolved earlier in the Triassic Period
from reptiles known as eosuchians.
C The most important skeletal differences between dinosaurs and other archosaurs are in the
bones of the skull, pelvis and limbs. Dinosaurs skulls are found in a great range of shapes
and sizes, reflecting the different eating habits and lifestyles of a large and varied group of
animals that dominated life on Earth for an extraordinary 165 million years. However,
unlike the skulls of any other known animals, the skulls of dinosaurs had two long bones
known as vomers. These bones extended on either side of the head, from the front of the
snout to the level of the holes in the skull known as the antorbital fenetra, situated in front
of the dinosaur’s orbits or eyesockets.
D All dinosaurs, whether large or small, quadrupedal or bipedal, fleet-footed or slow-moving,
shared a common body plan. Identification of this plan makes it possible to differentiate
dinosaurs from any other types of animal, even other archosaurs. Most significantly, in
dinosaurs, the pelvis and femur had evolved so that the hind limbs were held vertically
beneath the body, rather than sprawling out to the sides like the limbs of a lizards. The
femur of a dinosaurs had a sharply in-turned neck and a ball-shaped head, which slotted
into a fully open acetabulum or hip socket. A supra-acetabular crest helped prevent
dislocation of the femur. The position of the knee joint, aligned below the acetabulum,
made it possible for the whole hind limb to swing backwards and forwards. This unique
combination of features gave dinosaurs what is known as a “fully improved gait”.
Evolution of this highly efficient method of walking also developed in mammals, but
among reptiles it occurred only in dinosaurs.
E For the purpose of further classification, dinosaurs are divided into two orders: Saurischia,
or saurischian dinosaurs, and Ornithischia, or ornithischian dinosaurs. This division is
made on the basis of their pelvic anatomy. All dinosaurs had a pelvic girdle with each side
61
 comprised of three bones: the pubis, ilium and ischium. However, the orientation of these
bones follows one of two patterns. In saurischian dinosaurs, also known as lizard-hipped
dinosaurs, the pubis points forwards, as is usual in most types of reptile. By contrast, in
ornisthichian, or bird-hipped, dinosaurs, the pubis points backwards towards the rear of the
animal, which is also true of birds.
F Of the two orders of dinosaurs, the Saurischia was the larger and the first to evolve. It is
divided into two suborders: Therapoda, or therapods, and Sauropodomorpha, or
sauropodomorphs. The therapods, or “beast feet”, were bipedal, predatory carnivores. They
ranged in size from the mighty Tyrannosaurus rex, 12m long, 5.6m tall and weighing an
estimated 6.4 tonnes, to the smallest known dinosaur, Compsognathus, a mere 1.4m long
and estimated 3kg in weight when fully grown. The sauropodomorphs, or “lizard feet
forms”, included both bipedal and quadrupedal dinosaurs. Some sauropodomorphs were
carnivorous or omnivorous but later species were typically herbivorous. They included
some of the largest and best-known of all dinosaurs, such as Diplodocus, a huge quadruped
with an elephant-like body, a long, thin tail and neck that gave it a total length of 27m, and
a tiny head.
G Ornithischian dinosaurs were bipedal or quadrupedal herbivores. They are now usually
divided into three suborders: Ornithipoda, Thyreophora and Marginocephalia. The
ornithopods, or :bird feet”, both large and small, could walk or run on their long hind legs,
balancing their bidy by holding their tails stiffly off the ground behind them. An example is
Iguanodon, up to 9m long, 5m tall and weighing 4.5 tonnes. The thyreophorans, or “shield
bearers”, also known as armoured dinosaurs, were quadrupeds with rows of protective
bony spikes, studs, or plates along their backs and tails. They included Stegosaurus, 9m
long and weighing 2 tonnes.
H The marginocephalians, or “margined heads”, were bipedal or quadrupedal ornithischians
with a deep bony frill or narrow shelf at the back of the skull. An example is Triceratops, a
rhinoceros-like dinosaur, 9m long, weighing 5.4 tonnes and bearing a prominent frill and
three large horns.
b. Complete the sentences below. Use NO MORE THAN THREE WORDS from the passage
for each blank space.
8. Lizards and dinosaurs are classified into two different superorders because of the difference in
their _______________
9. In the Triassic period, ___________ evolved into thecodonts, for example, lizards and snakes.
10. Dinosaurs skulls differed from those of any other known animals because of the presence of
vomers: ________________
Part 7 . You are going to read an article in which four academics give their views on fiction.
For questions 47-56, choose from the sections of the article (A-D). The sections may be
chosen more than once. When more than one answer is required, these may be given in any
order.
Which academic …
47 compares books to other story-telling art forms?
48 admits to gaps in their literary knowledge?
49 suggests a possible consequence of not reading novels?
50 points out that opinion about a book depends on the period in which it is being judged?
51 explains why readers sometimes choose to read books which are not considered classic works
of literature?
52 believes that it is possible to improve any novel?
53 gives reassurance about people whose choice of reading is limited?
54 says that no-one should feel obliged to read a particular type of book?
62
55 gives another writer’s opinion on why people enjoy reading literature?
56 defends their right to judge particular types of novels?
Why Do We Read Novels?
We asked a group of academics for their views on the appeal of fiction
A Cathy Smith
Is a work by a prize-winning novelist better than a trashy summer blockbuster? Undoubtedly, if
you’re looking for a literary masterpiece. But it’s not ‘better’ if you’re simply looking for
escapism. ‘Literary fiction’, unlike ‘genre fiction’ such as mystery or romance, is not about
escaping from reality. Instead it provides a means to better understand the world. What makes a
work deserve the title of literary fiction can be pinned down, to a certain extent, by critical
analysis of the writer’s techniques. Yet a huge element of the appeal of literary fiction lies in
something almost indefinable – the brilliant, original idea; the insight that, once written down,
seems the only way to say something. Writers of fiction have to recruit or seduce us into their
world – only then do we trust them to take us on a journey with them. The books we put down
after only a few pages are those which have failed to make that connection with us.
B Matteo Bianco
A novel – whether for adults or children – takes you places, emotionally and imaginatively, which
you would never otherwise have visited. However, I don’t think you should put yourself under
any more pressure to finish ‘a classic’ than a kids’ comic. And if by ‘classics’ we mean Tolstoy,
Proust, Hardy and so on, then my own reading is distinctly patchy. The author Martin Amis once
said that the only way we have of evaluating the quality of a book is whether it retains a
readership. I think that’s fair enough, though it’s imprecise. A work of fiction can always be fine-
tuned in such a way that the final experience for the reader is enhanced, and this fact must say
something about the theoretical (if not practical) possibility of stating that one book is better than
another. And while I can’t prove that a single copy of a classic work of fiction is a greater gift to
the world than a million trashy romances, I’m going to go ahead and say it’s so anyway.
C Gita Sarka
The author Albert Camus says that the appeal of narrative art lies in its power to organise life in
such a way that we can reflect on it from a distance and experience it anew. Distinct from
television or film, literature allows us significant control over our experience of what’s being
presented to us. One book I would always tell anyone to read is The Life and Times of Michael K.
– a literary prize winner, but hated by some of my colleagues. It’s a classic for me because of
what it says about living in difficult times; to a lot of people it’s just a bit boring and the main
character doesn’t speak enough. Categories such as ‘literary masterpieces’ and even ‘literature’ do
not exist independently of their assessors – assessors who are bound in an era and see value in part
through the eyes of that era. Personally, I find it impossible to make claims that one work is better
than another. I can say why it might be worthwhile to study it, but that’s all.
D George C. Schwarz
If, at a certain time in their life a person is interested in just one particular genre or author, that’s
fine as long as they have the opportunity of reading a wide range of books throughout their lives.
These opportunities can come through family members, teachers and friends who can create the
reading landscape and encourage them to look wider and further. A famous writer once said that
it’s easy to recognise the people who don’t read fiction, as their outlook on life is narrower and
less imaginative, and they find it hard to put themselves in other people’s shoes. It’s a
generalisation, but with elements of truth. The power of fiction begins with fairy tales, nursery
rhymes and picture books, which give children ways of looking at the world outside their own
experience. Literature teachers often recommend reading ‘the classics’. But what classics, whose
and which era? In a way it doesn’t matter – the key point is that one can’t escape from a need for
shared references and reading experience
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Part 8:
1. I only realised the full implications of what had happened until sometime later. [on]
➔ It wasn’t __________________________________________________________________.
2. My comments must have offended Mary because she isn’t being friendly towards me. [taken]
➔ Mary ______________________________________________________________ shoulder.
3. The children are in disgrace for being so badly behaved. [under]
➔ _________________________________________________________________________.
4. Every possible effort was made by the police to find the boy’s parents. [stone]
➔ The police __________________________ in their
5. He indicated quite clearly that he would do anything to obtain the contract. [lengths]
➔ He gave __________________________________________________________________.
6. Nowadays I consider casual friendships to be far less important than I used to. [store]
➔ Nowadays I don’t ___________________________________________________________.
7. It was impossible to understand her colleagues’ overt hostility towards her proposal. [openly]
➔ That her colleagues ______________________________________________ comprehension.
8. A real sportsman will never think of crowing over his opponents’ misfortunes. [mind]
➔ Exulting __________________________________________________________________.
9. I didn’t have the faintest idea about the quirks of the antiques business, so I couldn’t give you
any advice. [ken]
➔ Had ______________________________________________________________________.
10. The government will review their immigration policy next April. [come]
➔ The government’s immigration ________________________________________________.

TEST 8
Phần 1Part 1. For questions 1 – 5, you will hear the beginning of a radio interview with
Stephen Perrins, a composer of musicals. Listen and indicate the most appropriate
1. The light songs Stephen wrote at college weren’t published because _______.
A. he couldn’t interest a publisher in them B. he was afraid of people’s reactions
C. his family advised him against it D. he didn’t think they would sell
2. Stephen and Jenny’s original reason for writing Goldringer was that_______.
A. they wanted to include it in their college show
B. it was commissioned for a school concert
C. they wanted to find out if they were able to do so
D. a music publisher asked them to write a musical
3. Stephen prefers not to write the lyrics for his shows because he _______.
A. would rather work with someone else B. finds it difficult to write them
C. thinks they are of poor quality D. is only interested in writing music
4. Stephen’s purpose in mentioning Helen Downes is to convince listeners that _______.
A. he has strong views about productions of his musicals
B. Helen Downes was an unsuitable director
C. the design for a particular show was of too low a standard
D. the director has ultimate responsibility for a production
5. Stephen claims that reason why some newspapers criticize him is that _______.
A. they think he is conceited B. they don’t like his music
C. he isn’t interested in publicity D. he tries to control his public image
Part 2. For questions 6 - 10, you will hear a conversation. Decide whether the following
statements are true or not by writing:
T for a statement which is true;
F for the statement which is false;
64
 N if the information is not given.
6. Napoleon controlled all of Europe at one time.
7. Austria and Russia fought fiercely against Napoleon, but England did not.
8. Napoleon lost most of his soldiers when he attacked England.
9. Napoleon died before he reached the age of fifty-two.
10. He was married when he was very young.
Part 3. For questions 16 - 25, listen to a piece of VOA news about Croatia Voters Back Same
– Sex Marriage Ban and fill in the missing information.
Write NO MORE THAN THREE WORDS taken from the recording for each answer in
Government proposals to (16)______________________ rights for same-sex couples
prompted the petition. Around (17)________________________ of a million people signed it –
out of a total population of just over 4 million. The Catholic Church is a
(18)_____________________ of Croat identity – and many people are
(19)________________________.
The referendum is an enormous (20)________________________ for Croatia’s government.
It tried – and failed – (21)______________________ the vote through the courts.
Success is (22)________________________. Croatia appeared to be moving in
(23)__________________ to other western Balkan countries (24)_____________________ the
EU in July. Now, like its neighbours, Serbia and Montenegro, it has
(25)_______________________ on the same-sex marriage.
Phần 2 Part 1: 3. PHRASAL VERBS AND PREPOSITIONS (5.0 pts)
1. Towards the end of the film Thelma and Louise, a large truck is _____ by the main characters
when they shoot its tank, which is full of oil.
A. shot off B. struck in C. poured out D. blown up
2. In the novella, Hadji Murat is an important figure among the Chechens, but he _____ the main
leader Sheikh Shamil following an argument.
A. sets apart from B. falls out with C. cuts back on D. keeps out of
3. I thought the movie was going to an end, but it just _____.
A. dragged in B. dragged on C. dragged into D. dragged up
4. When he saw her with John, Jack _____ anger.
A. showed up B. bristled with C. pricked with D. brushed with
5. Ben’s so unlucky in love. Why does he _____ the type of woman who brings trouble?
A. fall for B. catch on C. put before D. set out
6. My father decides to apprentice me _____ a lawyer although I don’t agree.
A. with B. to C. for D. into
7. China, which has been producing cars _____ joint ventures with foreign partners, is now
launching its own brand _____ the global market.
A. through – on B. to – along C. of – throughout D. among – for
8. I muddled _____ the jigsaw pieces and the children did the puzzle again.
A. up B. off C. over D. for
9. We flicked _____ a few magazines while we waited in the doctor’s waiting room.
A. through B. on C. at D. over
10. Karen was terribly nervous before the interview but she managed to pull herself _____ and act
confidently.A. through B. over C. together D. off
B. COLLOCATIONS AND IDIOMS (5.0 pts)
1. If you want a flat in the centre of the city, you have to pay through the _____ for it.
A. teeth B. head C. nose D. arm
2. I like my new job; the only fly in the _____ is the fact that I have to work every other
weekend.A. fat B. porridge C. soup D. ointment
65
3. I caught the last bus by the skin of my_____.
A. mouth B. leg C. neck D. teeth
4. Since he started his own business, he has been making money hand over_____.
A. fist B. heel C. head D. palm
5. He was wearing very shabby, dirty clothes and looked very _____.
A. easy-going B. down to teeth C. out of shape D. down at heel
6. I’m afraid you’ve caught me on the _____. I wasn’t expecting you until this afternoon.
A. stove B. grapevine C. spot D. hop
7. The escaped prisoner fought _____ before he was finally overpowered.
A. head over heels B. tooth and nail C. heart and soul D. foot and mouth
8. I didn’t suspect anything at first, but when I noticed her going through the office drawers I
began to smell _____.A. a rat B. a pig C. a thief D. a culprit
9. Nagging Susan to stop smoking has no effect on her. It’s like water off _____.
A. a windmill B. a duck’s back C. a dripping tap D. an umbrella
10. I hope the computer course starts this term. We’re all as keen as _____ to get going.
A. coffee B. mustard C. a gigolo D. cornflakes
Part 2:The passage below contains TEN mistakes. Underline the mistakes and provide the
Human memory happens in many parts of the brain in once, and some types of Line 1
memories stick around longer than other. It was formally believed to be rather Line 2
inefficient, however, it is really more sophisticated than that of a computer. Line 3
Researchers approached the problem from a variety of point of view have all Line 4
concluded that there is a great deal more store in our minds than has been Line 5
generally supposed. Dr. Wilder Penfield, a Canadian neurosurgeon, proved that Line 6
by stimulating their brains electrically he could elicit the total recall of specific Line 7
events in his subjects’ life. The memory trace is the term for whatever is the Line 8
internal representation of the specific information about the event stored in the Line 9
memory. Assumed to have been done by structural changes in the brain, the Line 10
memory trace is not subject for direct observation but is rather a theoretical Line 11
construct that we use to speculate about how information presented at a later Line 12
time. Almost theories include the strength of the memory trace as a variable in Line 13
the degree of learning, retention, and retrieval possible for a memory. One Line 14
theory is that it is the result of an limited combination of interconnections Line 15
between brain information that support recall. Or, to put it other way, improved
performance is the result of strengthening the chemical bond in the memory.
Example: 0. Line 1: in => at
Lines Mistake and correction Line Mistake and correction
1. 6.
2. 7.
3. 8.
4. 9.
5. 10.

Part 3: . From the words listed below, choose the one which best fits the space, A, B, C or
The knowledge and eloquence that people (1)…through traveling is usually perceived as the best
(2)…in life. It is the inquisitive human nature that (3)…people to seek (4)…experiences and to set
out on an exploration trip. Those who travel frequently and to (5) ...places benefit from
establishing new relationships and (6)…a better knowledge about other cultures and lifestyles.
However, there is a (7)…of truth in the assumption that people are prone to (8)….clichés and
unfounded prejudices about other nations and their characteristics. Sometimes, it is only the first-
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hand encounter that can help change the (9)...towards the so-called ‘inferior communities’. This
direct contact with a different civilization enables travellers to (10)…their baseless assumptions
and get acquainted with the real concept of life in all four corners of the globe. Beyond question,
traveling facilities friendship and makes it easier for many individuals to acknowledge the true
value of different traditions and customs. Yet, it does not always mean enjoyment. It may also
involve coming close with the atrocities of real existence as well as becoming aware of the
challenges and hardships that other people have to struggle with. Hence, a true voyage is the one
with a good deal of experience to reminisce about, very often combined with exposure to
abhorrent sights and incredible ordeals. The learning to be complete, thus, requires an ability to
observe and analyse the surroundings, both their glamour and brutality.
1. A purchase B exact C gain D nurture
2. A completion B fulfillment C conclusion D resolution
3. A impels B involves C entails D pursues
4. A thriving B throbbing C thwarting D thrilling
5. A reverse B averse C diverse D converse
6. A acquiring B educating C learning D exacting
7. A speck B grain C scrap D tip
8. A persevering B cherishing C indulging D persisting
9. A prejudice B manner C outlook D approach
10. A drop B cease C fail D quit
Part 4. For questions 1–10, fill each of the following numbered spaces with ONE suitable word
Over the last hundred years, much of the art of using herbs in cooking and medicine has been lost,
especially in industrialised societies. Until recently, few people in the crowded cities had the
space to grow plants or vegetables, and so (1) _______ in the country did knowledge of herbs
linger on. (2) _______ the advent of refrigeration, however, which meant that the strong smell of
old meat no longer had to be disguised, and the appearance of packaged food and easily-available
medicines, the growing of herbs declined rapidly.
Nowadays, there is hardly anyone who does not have a small patch of garden, or a (3)_______ sill
or balcony or balcony large enough for a pot or two of herbs. These facts, (4)_______ with the
beginnings of a revolt (5) _______ standardised foods and perhaps also a mistrust of the (6)
________ effects of some of today's medicines, mean that herbs have taken (7) _______ a new
popularity.
The culinary uses of herbs are endless and they can be used (8) _____ good effect all year round,
in dried form or cut fresh. (9) ______ aids to beauty and for medicinal (10) ______, there is now a
vast range of available. Herbs are for all occasions and all seasons.
Your answers
1. 2. 3. 4. 5.
6. 7. 8. 9. 10.
Part 5: 1 PART 3. Read the following passage and choose the best answer. (10pts)
Large animals that inhabit the desert have evolved a number of adaptations for reducing the
effects of extreme heat. One adaptation is to be light in color, and to reflect rather than absorb the
Sun's rays. Desert mammals also depart from the normal mammalian practice of maintaining a
constant body temperature. Instead of trying to keep down the body temperature deep inside the
body, which would involve the expenditure of water and energy, desert mammals allow their
temperatures to rise to what would normally be fever height, and temperatures as high as 46
degrees Celsius have been measured in Grant's gazelles. The overheated body then cools down
during the cold desert night, and indeed the temperature may fall unusually low by dawn, as low
as 34 degrees Celsius in the camel. This is an advantage since the heat of the first few hours of
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daylight is absorbed in warming up the body, and an excessive buildup of heat does not begin
until well into the day.
Another strategy of large desert animals is to tolerate the loss of body water to a point that
would be fatal for non-adapted animals. The camel can lose up to 30 percent of its body weight as
water without harm to itself, whereas human beings die after losing only 12 to 13 percent of their
body weight. An equally important adaptation is the ability to replenish this water loss at one
drink. Desert animals can drink prodigious volumes in a short time, and camels have been known
to imbibe over 100 liters in a few minutes. A very dehydrated person, on the other hand, cannot
drink enough water to rehydrate at one session, because the human stomach is not sufficiently big
and because a too rapid dilution of the body fluids causes death from water intoxication. The
tolerance of water loss is of obvious advantage in the desert, as animals do not have to remain
near a water hole but can obtain food from grazing sparse and far-flung pastures. Desert-adapted
mammals have the further ability to feed normally when extremely dehydrated, it is a common
experience in people that appetite is lost even under conditions of moderate thirst.
1. What is the main topic of the passage?A. Weather variations in the desert. B. Adaptations of
desert animals.C. Diseased of desert animals. D. Human use of desert animals.
2. According to the passage, why is light coloring an advantage to large desert animals?
A. It helps them hide from predators.B. It does not absorb sunlight as much as dark colors.
C. It helps them see their young at night.D. It keeps them cool at night.
3. The word "maintaining" is closest in meaning to _________.
A. measuring B. inheriting C. preserving D. delaying
4. The author uses of Grant's gazelle as an example of
A. an animal with a low average temperature
B. an animal that is not as well adapted as the camel
C. a desert animal that can withstand high body temperatures
D. a desert animal with a constant body temperature
5. When is the internal temperature of a large desert mammal lower?
A. Just before sunriseB. In the middle of the dayC. Just after sunset D. Just after drinking
6. The word "tolerate" is closest in meaning to _________.
A. endure B. replace C. compensate D. reduce
7. What causes water intoxication?A. Drinking too much water very quickly.B. Drinking polluted
water.C. Bacteria in water. D. Lack of water.
8. Why does the author mention humans in the second paragraph?
A. To show how they use camels.B. To contrast them to desert mammals.
C. To give instructions about desert survival.D. To show how they have adapted to desert life.
9. The word "obtain" is closest in meaning to _________.
A. digest B. carry C. save D. get
10. Which of the following is NOT mentioned as an adaptation of large desert animals?
A. Variation in body temperatures. B. Eating while dehydrated.
C. Drinking water quickly. D. Being active at night.
PART 4. (20pts)
Part V. Read the following passage. Choose the correct heading for paragraphs A-G from the
list of headings below. Write the correct number, i- ix, in blanks.
List of headings
i. The reaction of the Inuit community to climate change
ii. Understanding of climate change remains limited
iii. Alternative sources of essential supplies
iv. Respect for Inuit opinion grows
v. A healthier choice of food
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 vi. A difficult landscape
vii. Negative effects on well-being
viii. Alarm caused by unprecedented events in the Arctic
ix. The benefits of an easier existence
Paragraph A: viii
1. Paragraph B 2. Paragraph C 3. Paragraph D
4. Paragraph E 5. Paragraph F
Climate Change and the Inuit
A. Unusual incidents are being reported across the Arctic. Inuit families going off on
snowmobiles to prepare their summer hunting camps have found themselves cut off from
home by a sea of mud, following early thaws. There are reports of igloos losing their
insulating properties as the snow drips and refreezes, of lakes draining into the sea as
permafrost melts, and sea ice breaking up earlier than usual, carrying seals beyond the reach
of hunters. Climate change may still be, a rather abstract idea to most of us, but in the
Arctic it is already having dramatic effects – if summertime ice continues to shrink at its
present rate, the Arctic Ocean could soon become virtually ice-free in summer. The knock-
on effects are likely to include more warning, cloudier skies, increased precipitation and
higher sea levels. Scientists are increasingly keen to find out what’s going on because they
consider the Artic the ‘canary in the mine’ for global warming – a warning of what’s in
store for the rest of the world.
B. For the Inuit the problem is urgent. They live in precarious balance with one of the toughest
environments on earth. Climate change, whatever its causes, is a direct threat to their way
of life. Nobody knows the Artic as well as the locals, which is why they are not content
simply to stand back and let outside experts tell them what’s happening. In Canada, where
the Inuit people are jealously guarding their hand-won autonomy in the country’s newest
territory, Nunavut, they believe their best hope of survival in this changing environment lies
in combining their ancestral knowledge with the best of modern science. This is a challenge
in itself.
C. The Canadian Arctic is a vast, treeless polar desert that’s covered with snow for most of the
year. Venture into this terrain and you get some idea of the hardships facing anyone who
calls this home. Farming is out of the question and nature offers meager pickings. Humans
first settled in the Arctic a mere 4,500 years ago, surviving by exploiting sea mammals and
fish. The environment tested them to the limits: sometimes the colonists were successful,
sometimes they failed and vanished. But around a thousand years ago, one group emerged
that was uniquely well adapted to cope with the Arctic environment. These Thule people
moved in from Alaska, bringing kayaks, sleds, dogs, pottery and iron tools. They are the
ancestors of today’s Inuit people.
D. Life for the descendants of the Thule people is still harsh. Nunavut is 1.9 million square
kilometers of rock and ice, and a handful of islands around the North Pole. It’s currently
home to 2,500 people, all but a handful of them indigenous Inuit. Over the past 40 years,
most have abandoned their nomadic ways and settled in the territory’s 28 isolated
communities, but they still rely on nature to provide food and clothing.
Provisions available in local shops have to be flown into Nunavut on one of the most costly
air networks in the world, or brought by supply ship during the few ice-free weeks of
summer. It would cost a family around £ 7,000 a year to replace meat they obtained
themselves through hunting with imported meat. Economic opportunities are scarce, and for
many people state benefits are their only income.
E. While the Inuit may not actually starve if hunting and trapping are curtailed by climate
change, there has certainly been an impact on people’s health. Obesity, heart disease and
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 diabetes are beginning to appear in a people for whom these have never before been
problems. There has been a crisis of identity as the traditional skills of hunting, trapping and
preparing skins have begun to disappear. In Nunavut‘s ‘igloo and email’ society, where
adults who were born in igloos have children who may never have been out on the land,
there‘s high incidence of depression.
F. With so much at stake, the Inuit are determined to play a key role in teasing out the
mysteries of climate change in the Arctic. Having survived there for centuries, they believe
their wealth of traditional knowledge is vital to the task. And Western scientists are starting
to draw on this wisdom, increasingly referred to as ‘Inuit Qaujimajatuqangit’, or IQ. ‘In the
early days scientists ignored us when they came up here to study anything. They just
figured these people don’t know very much so we won’t ask them,’ says John Amagoalik,
an Inuit leader and politician. ‘ But in recent years IQ has had much more credibility and
weight.’ In fact it is now a requirement for anyone hoping to get permission to do research
that they consult the communities, who are helping to set the research agenda to reflect their
most important concerns. They can turn down applications from scientists they believe will
work against their interests, or research projects that will impinge too much on their daily
lives and traditional activities.
G. Some scientists doubt the value of traditional knowledge because the occupation of the
Arctic doesn’t go back far enough. Others, however, point out that the first weather stations
in the far north date back just 50 years. There are still huge gaps in our environmental
knowledge, and despite the scientific onslaught, many predictions are no more than best
guesses. IQ could help to bridge the gap and resolve the tremendous uncertainty about how
much of what we’re seeing is natural capriciousness and how much is the consequence of
human activity.
Questions 6-10: Choose no more than two words from paragraphs C and D to complete their
If you visit the Canadian Arctic, you immediately appreciate the problems faced by people
for whom this is home. It would clearly be impossible for the people to engage in farming as a
means of supporting themselves. For thousands of years they have had to rely on catching (6)
…………………….and fish as a means of sustenance. The harsh surroundings saw many who
tried to settle there pushed to their limits, although some were successful. The Inuit people were
an example of the latter and for them the environment did not prove unmanageable. For the
present inhabitants, life continues to be a struggle. The territory of Nunavut consists of little more
than ice, rock and a few (7)………………….. .In recent years, many of them have been obliged to
give up their (8)………………….lifestyle, but they continue to depend mainly on (9)
………………….. for their food and clothes. (10)……………..produce is particularly expensive
Part 7: You are going to read an article in which four young people say how they deal with the
everyday stress in their lives. For questions 1-10 below the text, choose from the people (A-D).
Beating Stress
A.
School student Ester Montoya knows she has to improve her marks in her main subjects. She’s
trying hard but it’s not easy and sometimes she feels she’s doing too much work. ‘I have to get
away from it now and then,’ she says, ‘so recently I’ve joined a local youth theatre group. It really
helps because it takes my mind off everything, it’s a kind of escape from reality. Also I’m meeting
other people of my own age and I’m hoping to make some friends there. Apart from that I suppose
there’s TV, but there’s not a lot on. I’ve read that laughing can be very relaxing, but I’m afraid
none of the comedy series they’re showing right now is worth watching. Something I’ve been
meaning to try, though, is work helping others, perhaps old people. A friend of mine does it, and
she says it really makes a difference – both to them and to her.’
B.
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For seventeen-year-old Steve Ellison, life if particularly busy right now. He’s revising for some
important exams but he still manages to find time for his favourite free-time activities, which
include long-distance running. ‘It’s funny,’ he says, ‘I only took to it recently when I found it
helped me wind down, because at school I never looked forward to those cross-country runs we
had to do every Monday morning. Yet nowadays I run a lot at weekends, and I do some voluntary
work with local kids at the sports centre.’ As well as doing plenty of exercise, he also tries to
maintain a healthy diet. ‘I’ve told myself I must always eat a variety of healthy food, with lots of
fruit and green vegetables, though if I’m out with my mates I may give in to temptation and have
a burger and chips. I never drink coffee, though, because it makes you talk and act nervously, and
it keeps you awake at night, too, which is bad for your stress level.’
C.
First-year university student Amelie Lefevre believes that the best way to beat stress is to organize
your life more sensibly. ‘My life used to be pretty chaotic, there always seemed to be so much to
do, often jobs that other people should have been doing. So what I eventually learned to do was to
say no, politely, to extra work. That helped, as did making a list of priorities for each day, with
some things scheduled for today, others for tomorrow and some that could be postponed for
longer. I also make rules for myself about meal times, and the amount of sleep I need. There was a
time when I was staying up until all hours, but I was exhausted the next day so I don’t do that any
more. I think I manage my time quite well now, but nobody’s perfect and occasionally I still
oversleep and turn up late for lectures!’
D.
Student Ndali Traore likes to get up early so he has a relaxed start to the day. ‘I hate leaving jobs
till the last minute, and I always try to do those I like least first,’ he says. ‘These days I always
listen to music while I’m working,’ he adds, ‘whereas a couple of years ago I found it annoying –
it always seemed to spoil my concentration.’ When he has some free time, he goes to the cinema,
or out with friends. ‘If something’s bothering me,’ he says, ‘I often find that just talking to them
about it helps. Particularly, if you can make a joke about it, because it always seems a lot less
serious when you do that.’ If he’s on his own, he has a special way of dealing with stress: ‘I try to
relive occasions when I was really relaxed, such as spending the day by a beautiful lake in the
sunshine. That often works,’ he says.
Which person
1. regularly does a job without getting paid?
2. no longer agrees to do things they don’t want to do?
3. tries to see the funny side of things that are worrying them?
4. accepts that they sometimes make mistakes?
5. prefers to do unpleasant jobs as soon as possible?
6. is not doing as well in their studies as they would like?
7. likes to tell friends about their problems?
8. sometimes breaks their own rules about eating when they are not alone?
9. finds that acting makes them feel better?
10. likes to think back to times when they felt less stressed?
Part 8:
11. A new flu vaccine has been on trial since the beginning of the year.
➔ They _____________________________________________________________________.
12. The teacher has terrified his students by using draconian disciplinary measures. [dint]
➔ The teacher, ___________________________________________________________ heart.
13. Although it was initially regarded as an underdog, Leicester became champion of the 2014 –
2015 Premier League. [rank / crowned]
➔ Initially ___________________________________________________________________.
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14. No matter how you consider it, a lot of people will be unhappy when the winner is announced.
[slice]
➔ Any __________________________ there _______________________________________.
15. Tom has determined to quit his job and travel around the world. [jacking]
➔ Tom has set _______________________________________________________________.
16. The figures have proved rumours about the company’s failure to be untrue. [lie]
➔ The figures ___________________________________________________________ rocks.
17. It is urgent that the new principal strictly deal with school violence at once. [line]
➔ The new principal will have to _____________________________________________ away.
18. Donald Trump’s pledge to rip up existing trade deals with Mexico would substantially
damagethe US economy. [which / inflict]
➔ Donald Trump has __________________________________________________________.
19. During pioneer days a lot of land in the United States was widely available. [grabs]
➔ ________________________________________________________________________.
20. Harry was blind drunk, so he wasn’t in a suitable condition to drive. [state]
➔ Harry wasn’t __________________________________________________________ many.

TEST 9
Phần 1:Section 1. Listen and complete the notes below. WRITE NO MORE THAN THREE
WORDS AND/ OR A NUMBER for each answer. Write your answers in the space provided.
(20
TOTAL INSURANCE INCIDENT REPORT
Example Answer
Name Michael Alexander
Address 24 Manly Street 1. ___________
Shipping agent 2. ___________
Place of origin China
Date of arrival 3. ___________
Reference number 4. ___________
Item Damage Cost to repair or replace
Television 5. ___________ needs to be Not known
replaced
The bathroom cabinet The 6. ___________ of the $140.
cabinets is damaged
7. ___________ A leg is split 8. ___________
Set of China 9. ___________ were broken About 10. ___________
Section 2. Listen and write ONLY ONE WORD OR A NUMBER from the dialogue to
answer for each question (10pts)
1. How many days did the scientists spend under the waves?
_________________________________________________
2. What answer did Rob choose?
________________________________________________
3. What's the name of the laboratory?
_________________________________________________
4. Where's the laboratory situated?
_________________________________________________
5. What is the world record, in minutes, for holding breath underwater?
_________________________________________________

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 Section 3. You will hear a dialogue between two friends. Listen and decide the statements
are True (T) or False (F). Write your answers in the corresponding numbered boxes (10pts).
T for a statement which is true;
F for a statement which is false
? if there is insufficient information
____ 1. Now some people still take a risk when the police officer is away on Newland Street.
____ 2. The police officer there doesn’t get any pay for the work.
____ 3. Officer Springirth is a real man and he is a volunteer there.
____ 4. Officer Springirth helps the police to reduce the crime rate in Chase Village.
____ 5. The police department will put more mannequins on other roads
Section 4. You will hear an interview with Angela Morgan, who has recently flown
around the world in a helicopter. Choose the correct answer A, B, C or D which fits best
according to what you hear. Write your answers in the correspondent numbered boxes. (10 pts)
1. The main reason for Angela’s trip was to ______ .
A. make money for her business B. make money for other people
C. have an exciting adventure D. go on a picnic
2. When Angela had flying lessons ______ .A. her course lasted five months B. her husband
took lessons as well C. she got to know her teacher well D. she didn’t arrive in time
3. During the trip, Angela and her teacher ______ .
A. did very little sightseeing B. carried all the water they needed
C. had engine problems several times D. stopped going camping
4. What did Angela enjoy most about the trip?A. flying at night B.
walking in the desert C. watching the changes in the scenery D. taking photos
5. What did Angela miss most while she was away?
A. modern bathrooms B. regular exercise
C. interesting entertainment D. going out to restaurants
Part 1. PREPOSITIONS AND PHRASAL VERBS
1. The teacher asked a difficult question, but finally Ted _________ a good answer.
A. put up with B. keep pace with C. made way for D. came up with
2. Remember to appreciate what your friends do for you. You shouldn’t take them_______.
A. as a rule B. as usual C. out of habit D. for granted
3. Roy________the depths of despair when his wife left him
A. plumbs B. reaches C. fills D. achieves
plumb the depths of despair: tuyệt vọng cùng cực
4. The children are well-behaved in school. They only act_______ when their parents are around.
A. in B. up C. on D. off
5. Don’t _______! I haven’t finished explaining yet !
A. hang on B. hang up C. hold up D. hold on
6. We were doing a project when Peter hit ______ this ingenious method of freezing food.
A. up B. on C. upon D. out
7. You should always have an alternative plan to ____________
A. bring about B. ask after C. feel up to D. fall back on
8. What were you two _____________ just now in the garden?
A. bringing about B. getting up to C. coming up with D. getting round to
9. The school exam for eleven-year-olds was _____________ some years ago.
A. followed up B. drawn up C. carried out D. done away with
10. The authorities are worried about the recent phenomenon of students dropping ______ of
college to seek employment. A. out B. down C. back D. off
B. COLLOCATIONS AND IDIOMSChoose the best answers.
73
1. Tourists often go to the Louvre but most Parisians only go ____________
A. in the red B. out of the blue C. a black sheep D. once in a blue moon
2. The firm is __________. It owns a lot of money.
A. in the red B. out of the blue C. a black sheep D. in the blue
3. He never panics in a difficult situation. He stays as cool as a ___________
A. tomato B. apple C. potato D. cucumber
4. This conversation project looks promising, but it’s still _______.
A. in the early stages B. in advance C. under stress D. at first sight
5. When finding a new house, parents should ________all the conditions for their children’s
education and entertainment.
A. make all the conditions B. get a measure of C. take into account D. put into effect
6. I accidentally ________ Mike when I was crossing a street downtown yesterday.
A. lost touch with B. caught sight of C. paid attention to D. kept an eye on
7. The Jacksons won’t contribute to the Red Cross unless you _____. A. go down on your knees
B. stand on your own feet C. are on your last legs D. keep your head
8. His response was as sharp as a______ A. sword B. knife C. scissors D. needle
9. Without written evidence, we don’t have a ______ on.
A. leg to stand B. foot to stand C. leg to lean D. foot to lean
10. Just because we’ve had a good year, this does not mean that we cannot do better: we must not
______ A. have our head in the clouds B. bury our heads in the sand
C. count our blessings D. rest on our laurels
Part 2: There are ten mistakes in the following passage. Find and correct them. Number 0 has
Line
1 In the last twenty year, the country has done great technological progress,
2 culminating in our entering the space age earlier this year with the launch of our first
3 telecommunication satellite. From a health perspective, there has been a major modern
4 programme in public hospitals. This has involved the purchase of the latest scanning and
5 diagnosis equipment, as well as the refurbishment of major operating theatres with state-
6 of-the-art surgical equipment. As far as the superstructure of the country is concerned,
7 several major projects are on progress, included the construction of three major
8 motorways, a hydroelectric power station and a new international airport. All of these
9 public works are being carried out using the latest technology. With the increased use of
10 computer technology, the future of our country looks very bright indeed. It anticipates
11 that, in the very near future, all government offices will be computered and networked to
central mainframe computers in the capital.
Number Line Mistake Correction
0 1 year years
1
2
3
4
5
6
7

74
 8
9
10
Part 3:
Stressful situations that (21) ______ almost every day in life seem to be unavoidable. However,
we can do little sometimes to (22) ______ a misfortune or unpleasant occurrence which may (23)
______ us expectedly as only it can. At such a moment, one may hit the roof give in to the
helplessness of the situation or, ideally, put a brave (24) ______ on it trying to bear the burden.
Can you (25) ______ in your mind an hour spent in a traffic jam, say, this morning? Do you light
one cigarette after another? Do you sound the (26) ______ every few seconds like the other
neurotics? Or do you take a different stance and make good use of the time drawing up a schedule
for the days to come?
To withstand the stressful moment you can also do a crossword puzzle, listen to your favorite
music or even compose a menu for your Saturday dinner. In fact, whatever way you respond to
the annoying situation, you can exert no impact on it as the traffic jam will only reduce in due
(27) ______. Nevertheless, your reaction might considerably influence your mood for the rest of
the day. The inability to confront a stressful occurrence like that with a deal of composure and
sensibility adds much more (28) _____ to your life and in this way puts your well-being in (28)
______. Surprisingly, it's the seemingly negligible hardships we (29) ______ on daily that run
double the risk of developing serious health disorders rather than our isolated tragedies however
painful they may be.
Given that so many of those (30) ______ stress inducing troubles affect us in a day, we should, at
best, try to avoid them or possibly make radical alterations in the way we lead our daily lifestyles.
21. A. create B. originate C. emerge D. devise
22. A. stamp out B. dawn on C. boil down to D. ward off
23. A. befall B. happen C. occur D. arise
24. A. neck B. face C. forehead D. fist
25. A. observe B. picture C. envision D. conclude
26. A. horn B. alarm C. voice D. song
27. A. term B. course C. timing D. period
28. A. risk B. jeopardy C. weakness D. strain
29. A. stagger B. stutter C. stumble D. stump
Part 4:. Read the following text and fill in the blank with ONE suitable word. Write your
THE GALAPAGOS
Visitors to the Galapagos Islands could be forgiven for asking all the fuss is (1) _________.
Disasters workers and ecologists (2) _________ outnumber tourists, but there are few visible
signs of a disaster. A wrecked oil tanker, stranded on rocks a mile away, is a blot on the tropical
landscape. Simply keeping catastrophe at (3)_________ was never to satisfy an environmental
group that wants the Galapagos Islands to remain as they were when Darwin visited in 1839,
especially since most of the credit for the narrow escape is thanks to the winds and currents that
carried the spill (4) _________ to the sea.
About a third of the island’s 600 or more native plant species are found only there.
(5)_________ the 57 species of reptiles, land birds and mammals, more than 80 percent are found
nowhere else. Among these is the world’s largest marine lizard, the only species of penguin found
in the tropics, a cormorant that has lived so long without predators that it has lost the
(6)_________ to fly, and many rare species of tortoise. All are uniquely vulnerable, hence the
unique concern.

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The Galapagos Islands were (7)_________ a national park in 1959, and developed an apparently
model ecotourism industry- groups are sent (8) _________ hopping to designated sites and always
with a guide. The local conservationists appeared confident at the helm, and the international
environmental groups are pleased to have one (9) _________ place to worry about- until the
rusting ship ran (10) _________, and leaked its cargo of oil.
Part 5Read the passage and choose the right answer for each question. (15 points)
HERBS AND DRUGS
Herbs are different kinds of plants and plant parts that can be used for medicinal purposes.
This can include the leaves, stems, roots, or seeds of the plant. Herbs have been important in
traditional medicine for centuries, in both of the East and the West. In Western medicine, they
have largely been replaced by drugs. Herbal treatments are, however, still an integral part of
Eastern medicine. In recent years, interest in traditional medicine has increased in the West. Many
people are either using modern methods combined with traditional treatments or are turning to
these treatments entirely. While traditional medicine can be helpful, they are not without their
share of problems.
The main difference between herbs and drugs is that, while herbs are simply parts of plants,
drugs are specific chemicals in a pure form. Many modern drugs are derived from chemicals
found in plants. One example is aspirin, which is made from a chemical extracted from the back
of the willow tree. Other drugs are entirely synthetic. Even those drugs that are derived from
natural sources are heavily processed in order to purify and concentrate them. This allows drugs to
be administered in very precise amounts. Different kinds and degrees of illnesses often require
dosages that differ only slightly. A little too much or not enough of a certain drug can have
negative effects on the patient. Many drugs also produce negative effects even when taken in the
recommended dosage. These undesired negative effects are called “side-effects”
The possibility of dangerous and unexpected side-effects from drugs has led many people
back to traditional medicine. Herbal treatments seem more natural than modern drugs. Many feel
that traditional medicine is more concerned with treating the underlying causes of disease instead
of just the symptoms, through the truth of this claim is not yet clear. In any case, there is a certain
comfort in taking natural herbal treatments instead of the processed, synthetic chemicals derived
from them.
There are, however, disadvantages to herbal treatments, some of them are serious. Few
herbal treatments have been scientifically studied. While the active chemicals in the herb may be
known, it may not be clear what they really do, or if they are really effective at all. Because the
active chemicals are not used alone, it is very difficult to determine the proper amount for
treatment, since the levels of the chemical are not constant throughout the plant. Therefore, the
risk of under- and overdose is higher than with drugs. A more serious problem is that certain
herbal treatments may have no real medicinal effect, thus giving the patient a false sense of
security. This is particularly harmful when the patient refuses treatment with modern drugs that
could be effective.
There are even certain herbs that can cause side-effects, just like a drug. (A) One of these is
ma-huang, also called ephedra, which is taken to increase energy. (B) It has been known to cause
damage to the heart and nervous system. Garlic and ginger are common elements in food that are
also taken as herbal treatments, but they can be dangerous for people with diabetes. (C) In
general, herbs are most dangerous when they are taken along with common drugs. This may
happen in two ways: a patient decides to supplement his or her regular treatment with herbs, or a
dishonest manufacturer adds modern drugs to an herbal treatment. (D) In both cases, the results
can be very serious. The herb St. John’s wort is often used to treat depression, but if it is used
along with conventional antidepressants, such as Zoloft, the combination can cause confusion,
headaches, allergic reactions, and other problems.
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 Finally, because production of herbal treatments is seldom regulated, harmful substances
can be present in herbal preparations. Herbs grown in polluted soil may contain lead, arsenic, or
mercury. They may also be tainted with pesticides. It is for these reasons that herbs should not be
treated as the perfect substitute for drugs. Although herbs appear to be quite distinct from modern
drugs, it is important to use them with the same sort of care.
1. The word “integral” in the first paragraph is closest in meaning to
A. harmful. B. important. C. famous. D. controversial.
2. Which of the following is closest in meaning to “tained” in paragraph 6?
A. Accompanied. B. Augmented. C. Substituted. D. Contaminated.
3. The word “this” in paragraph 4 line 8 refers to …..A. patients taking ineffective herbs instead
of drugs. B. patients having a sense of security. C. the risk of under and overdose of an herbal
treatment. D. the patient’s belief that modern drugs are bad for you.
4. Why does the author mention that drugs are heavily processed?
A. To show that herbs cannot compete with modern medical techniques.
B. Because many mistakes can occur in this processing.
C. To illustrate that drugs are not natural.
D. To point out that many countries cannot afford to produce drugs.
5. What is the main difference between herbs and drugs according to the passage?
A. Drugs can cause side-effects, whereas herbs do not.
B. Drugs are at least partially synthetic, whereas herbs are natural.
C. Herbs are dangerous when taken in large amounts, drugs are safer.
D. Herbs can produce a false sense of security, whereas drugs do not.
6. According to the passage, when are herbs most dangerous?
A. When not taken under a doctor’s supervision. B. When the patient refuses modern
medicine. C. When the dosage is not administered precisely.
D. When taken in combination with drugs.
7. According to the passage, who should not take ginger or garlic as herbal treatments?
A. Patients with diabetes. B. Patients with liver damage. C. Patients taking
antidepressants. D. Patients with problems of the heart or nervous system.
8. Which of the following is NOT mentioned in the passage? A. Some herbal treatments are not
effective in fighting disease. B. Modern doctors often do not approve of using herbs. C.
Herbal treatments can also produce side-effects. D. Some manufacturers add drugs to herbs.
9. It can be inferred from the passage that. A. The drug industry is better regulated than the herb
industry. B. People who use drugs instead of herbs recover more quickly.
C. The popularity of herbal treatments will decrease in the future.
D. The side-effects of drugs are more serious than those of herbs.
10. Where the following sentence could be added to paragraph 5:
“Certain herbs have also been known to be harmful for people suffering from asthma.”
A. (A) B. (B) C. (C) D . (D)
Part 4. The reading passage below has six paragraphs A-F. Choose the correct heading for
each paragraph from the list of headings below. Write the correct number i-ix. (15 points)
List of Headings
i. Indecision about a name ii. Current problems with distribution
iii. Uncertainty about financial advantages iv. The contrasts of cinema today
v. The history of cinema vi. Integrating other events into cinema
vii. The plans for the future of films viii. An unexpected advantage
ix. Too true to life?
THE END OF THE SILVER SCREEN?

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Cinema technology has remained much the same for a century, so when will it go digital? Kelvin
Hilton views the projections.
A Cinema is full of contradictions. It is high- tech and old- fashioned at the same time. Today’s
films are full of digital sound and computer- generated special effects. Yet they are still stored on
celluloid film, the basis of which is more than 100 years old. They are also displayed with
projectors and screens that seem to belong to our great- grandparents’ generation.
B Now we are in the second century of cinema, there are moves to bring the medium right up to
date. This will involve revolutionizing not just how films are made but also how they are
distributed and presented. The aim is not only to produce and prepare films digitally, but to be
able to send them to movie theatres by digital, electronic means. High- resolution
digital projectors would then show the film. Supporters say this will make considerable savings at
all stages of this chain, particularly for distribution.
C With such a major technological revolution on the horizon, it seems strange that the industry is
still not sure what to call itself. This may appear a minor point, but the choices, ‘digital’ cinema
and ‘electronic’ cinema (e- cinema), suggest different approaches to, and aspects of, the business.
Digital cinema refers to the physical capture of images; e-cinema covers the whole chain, from
production through post- production (editing, addition of special effects and construction of
soundtrack) to distribution and projection.
D What about the effects of the new medium? The main selling point of digital cinema is the
high resolution and sharpness of the final image. But those who support the old- fashioned
approach to film point to the celluloid medium’s quality of warmth. A recurring criticism of video
is that it may be too good: uncomfortably real, rather like looking through an open window. In
1989, the director of the first full- length American digital high-definition movie admitted that the
picture had a ‘stark, strange reality to it’.
E Even the money–saving aspect of e-cinema is doubted. One expert says that exciting cinema
will have to show the new material and not all of them will readily or rapidly furnish themselves
with the right equipment. ‘E-cinema is seen as a way of saving money, because print costs a lot,’
he says. ‘But for that to work, cinemas have to be showing the films because cinemas are the
engine that drives the film industry.’
F This view has prompted some pro-digital entrepreneurs to take a slightly different approach.
HD Thames is looking at reinventing the existing cinema market, moving towards e-theatre,
which would use digital video and projection to present plays, musicals and some sporting events
to the public. This is not that different from the large-screen TV system that was set up in New
York in 1930 and John Logie Baird’s experiments with TV in the late 1920s and early 30s.
Complete the summary below using NO MORE THAN THREE WORDS from the passage
There are big changes ahead for cinema if digital production takes place and the industry no
longer uses (7) _____ and gets rid of the old-fashioned projectors and screens used to show
movies. The main advantage is likely to be that the final image will be clearer. However, some
people argue that the digital picture will lack (8) _____
In addition, digital production will only reduce costs if cinemas are willing to buy new (9)
_____. As a result, experiments with what is called (10) ‘_____’ may mark a change in the whole
entertainment industry.
Part 7
You are going to read an article about risk taking. For questions 47-56, choose from the sections
of the article (A-D). The sections may be chosen more than once. When more than one answer is
In which section of the article is the following mentioned?
47 the use of car imagery to help explain neural activity?
48 mention of one person’s interest in the history of risk taking?
49 details of the process used to investigate the brain’s mechanics?
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50 a chemical-based explanation as to why people have such varied attitudes towards risk taking?
51 a well-known theory that explains why people take risks during everyday activities?
52 specific examples of what a person could lose if risk taking goes wrong?
53 mention of a common confusion about the chemical causes of risky behaviour?
54 a judgement of another person’s stated belief about risk taking?
55 a reference to the fact that some people become addicted to the chemical reaction experienced
in risk taking?
56 a description of a biological process initiated by fear in humans?
The Mystery of Risk
Jodie O’Rourke reviews current thinking about what lies behind risk taking
A
Exploration of all sorts is rooted in the notion of taking risks. Risk underlies any journey into the
unknown, whether it is a ship captain’s voyage into uncharted seas, a scientist’s research on
dangerous diseases, or an entrepreneur’s investment in a new venture. Some of the motivations for
taking risks are obvious – financial reward, fame, political gain, saving lives. But as the danger
increases, the number of people willing to go forward shrinks, until the only ones who remain are
the extreme risk takers. This is the mystery of risk: what makes some humans willing to
jeopardize their reputation, fortune, and life and to continue to do so, even in the face of dire
consequences? Scientists have now begun to open up the neurological black box containing the
mechanisms for risk taking and tease out the biological factors that may prompt someone to
become an explorer. Their research has centred on neurotransmitters, the chemicals that control
communication in the brain.
B
One neurotransmitter that is crucial to the risk taking equation is dopamine, which helps control
motor skills but also helps drive us to seek out and learn new things as well as process emotions
such as anxiety and fear. Robust dopamine production holds one of the keys to understanding risk
taking, says Larry Zweifel, a neurobiologist at the University of Washington. ‘When you’re
talking about someone who takes risks to accomplish something, that’s driven by motivation, and
motivation is driven by the dopamine system. This is what compels humans to move forward.’
Dopamine helps elicit a sense of satisfaction when we accomplish tasks: the riskier the task, the
larger the hit of dopamine. Part of the reason we don’t all climb mountains is that we don’t all
have the same amount of dopamine. Molecules on the surface of nerve cells called autoreceptors
control how much dopamine we make and use, essentially controlling our appetite for risk.
C
In a study conducted at Vanderbilt University, participants underwent scans allowing scientists to
observe the autoreceptors in the part of the brain circuitry associated with reward, addiction, and
movement. People who had fewer autoreceptors – that is, who had freer flowing dopamine – were
more likely to engage in novelty-seeking behaviour, such as exploration. ‘Think of dopamine like
gasoline,’ says neuropsychologist David Zald, the study’s lead author. ‘You combine that with a
brain equipped with a lesser ability to put on the brakes than normal, and you get people who push
limits.’ This is where the discussion often mixes up risk takers with thrill seekers or adrenaline
junkies. The hormone adrenaline is designed to help us escape from danger. It works like this:
When the brain perceives a threat, it triggers the release of adrenaline into the bloodstream, which
in turn stimulates the heart, lungs, muscles, and other parts of the body to help us flee or fight in a
life-threatening situation. This release generates a feeling of exhilaration that continues after the
threat has passed, as the adrenaline clears from the system. For some people, that adrenaline rush
can become a reward the brain seeks. They are prompted to induce it by going to scary movies or
engaging in extreme sports.
D
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Acclimating to risk is something we all do in our daily lives. A good example of this occurs when
learning to drive a car. At first, a new driver may fear traveling on freeways, but over time that
same driver with more experience will merge casually into speeding traffic with little
consideration for the significant potential dangers. What is commonly referred to as the
‘familiarity principle’ can also be applied to help explain the lack of fear associated with high-risk
situations. By practising an activity, humans can become used to the risk and manage the fear that
arises in those situations. The notion that we are all descended from risk takers fascinates writer
Paul Salopek. ‘Early humans leaving the Great Rift Valley in Africa thousands of years ago were
the first great explorers,’ he reasons. ‘At our innermost core we are all risk takers. And this shared
willingness to explore our planet has bound our species from the very beginning.’ It’s a noble
idea, albeit a dopamine-based one!
Part 8 11.In his place, I wouldn’t care too much about my reputation.HOOTS
-If I were him, I wouldn’t .............................................
12,How could I tell him if I haven’t seen him for months? HIDE
- How could ...................................................
13.She sent her husband out to buy Bulgarian mushrooms, knowing he wouldn’t find any. GOOSE
- She sent her husband ...........................................................
14.I’m sorry, but I’m not in the mood to discuss this matter right now.MIND
- I’m afraid I’m not ......................................................................
15.Why are you trying to mend something that isn’t broken? MONKEYING
- Why are you ...........................................................................
16.Must you follow me everywhere I go? DOG
- Must you .......................................................................
17.We are behind with our mortgage repayments.
-We have fallen ..................................................................
18.Once dad has made up his mind, he won’t change it. INCH
- Dad won’t ................................................................................
19.Nigel is so conceited, it’s time someone showed him he‘s not as important as he thinks. SIZE
- It’s time someone ............................................................................
20.You must do anything you can to make the negotiations successful. STOPS
- You must ......................................................................................
TÉST 10Phần 1
Part 1: Listen to a piece of news about the loss of rainforests and complete the summary below.
WRITE NO MORE THAN THREE WORDS OR A NUMBER. (10pts)
Since the beginning of 20th century rainforests have been under threat of extinction. One major
cause of deforestation is repurposing the land for 1. ________ such as growing rubber or palm oil
on its property.
The loss of this dense biodiversity can pose several threats to our modern society. It is estimated
that 2.________ modern medicines would be lost along with thousands of 3._______ derived
from plants while underprivileged groups are relying on rainforest plants for medicines.
According to World Health Organization, 4.______ take up to 50% of all medicines in China.
Another major problem is climate change. Known as 5. _________, rainforests absorb CO2,
clearing it from the atmosphere. A rise in carbon dioxide levels and a fall in rainforest acreage
would contribute to 6. _______ and severe droughts. More seriously, 7. __________ over
resources such as farming land has led to farmers’ deaths globally.
It is not easy to find a feasible approach to stopping deforestation as many people on Earth survive
by means of natural resource 8. __________. A typical example is palm oil industry which helps
to 9. _______ by creating jobs for millions of farmers. Switching to another production of 10.
________ like sunflower or soybean would even cause more land destruction.
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Part 2 You will hear a radio interview, decide decide whether the following sentences are true
(T) or false (F).(5 pts)
1. The idea for the invention occurred to Ryan while waiting at a Burger King restaurant.
2. Ryan used the idea when he entered a science contest.
3. Ryan’s invention helps deaf people learn sign language.
4. Ryan had no previous experience of building electronic devices.
5. Ryan has sold his invention to a deaf community centre.
Part 3: You are going to hear a radio phone-in programme on the subject of allergies. For
questions 1- 5 choose the answer A, B, C or D) which fits best according to what you hear.
1. Which of these possible explanations for the increase in allergies does the programme presenter
mention in her introduction?
A. People are exposed to more dangerous substances than in the past.
B. People's resistance to allergens is lower than in the past.
C. More new allergens are being released into the environment.
D. Higher levels of stress have made people more prone to allergies.
2. Which of the questions does the first caller, Tim, want to know the answer to?
A. What is the most likely cause of his allergy? B. Why is he allergic to grass and
pollen?C. Will he ever be free of the allergy? D. How can he improve his condition?
3. Arabella, the caller from Amsterdam,
A. thinks she may have passed on her allergy to her children.
B. asks how she can minimize the risk of her children having allergies.
C. wants to know whether her peanut allergy will continue in the future.
D. asks how probable it is that her children will have allergies.
4. If both a child's parents have a particular allergy, that child
A. is more than likely to have the same allergy.
B. has a less than fifty per cent chance of getting the same allergy.
C. will probably develop a different allergy.
D. is at no greater risk of developing the allergy than any other child.
5. According to Dr Bawaldi, some people believe that the increase in asthma among young
children may result fromA. living in centrally heated or air-conditioned buildings.
B. being in areas with very high levels of exhaust fumes.
C. spending too much time in hygienic environments.
D. receiving medical treatment for other types of illness.
Part 1: PREPOSITIONS & PHRASAL VERBS
Choose the word or phrase which best completes each sentence.
1.This is the time of the year when stores_____ their prices, so you can get good deals.
A. mark on B. mark through C. mark up D. mark down
2. You shouldn’t have sent Sebastian that Valentine’s card. I think you’ve scared him_____ .
A. back B. down C. off D. through
3. His bad bahaviour was put… his upbringing. A. down to B. with C. off D. up
4. In the end, the detective managed to ______ down the dangerous criminal.
A. find B. track C. get D. hit
5. He is not exactly rich but he certainly earns enough to ______.
A. get through B. get by C. get on D. get in
6. The robbers packed the money into a suitcase and ______ in a van that waited for them in the
street.A. put through B. rolled over C. carried away D. made off
7. The weather was fine, and everyone was ______ the coast.
A. going for B. making for C. joining in D. seeing about
8. Learning English isn’t so difficult once you ______.
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 A. get down to it B. get off it C. get on it D. get down with it
9. Sometimes a postman ______ some terrible handwriting and didn’t know where the letter
should go.A. ran away withB. ran up with C. ran up against D. run without
10. Beaches were ______ as police searched for canisters of toxic waste from the damaged ship.
A. sealed off B. cut off C. washed up D. kept out
B.COLLOCATIONS & IDIOMSChoose the word or phrase which best completes each
1. Peter is a librarian but this job is not suitable for him because he has chances of traveling ___.
He should be a tour guide. A. in a mindB. on the headC. on the brain D. in the heart
2. I think people who help the old, poor, sick and homeless are ______.
A. the sugar of the sea B. the salt of an ocean
C. the salt of the earth D. the sugar of the ocean
3. The teacher ______ when she knew that more than ten students cheated in her test.
A. angry B. crazy C. hit the roof D. beat the desk
4. We don’t want to continue our business any longer. All the goods will ______ so that we can
close at the end of this month.
A. be sold out B. be solved thoroughly C. go for a song D. go with colour
5. He looked ___ at the security guard of the supermarket when this man asked him to open his
bag. A. daggers B. angry C. up to D. attentively
6. Don’t be angry with Sue. All that she did in good______
A. hope B. belief C. idea D. faith
7. I overslept this morning and caught the last bus to school by ______. A the hair of my head
B. the skin of my teeth C. the nail of my finger D. the skin of my heels
8. I have to stress that the ______ is on you to bring up your own children.
A. duty B. charge C. liability D. onus
9. When several companies showed interest in buying the film rights to his novel, he knew he had
____.A. upped the ante B. scooped the bag C. caught the fat one D. hit the jackpot
10. As a _________, politicians and other public figures should avoid making direct statements
that could be used against them.
A. show of hands B. word of mouth C. rule of thumb D. change of heart
Part 2: . Read the passage below which contains 10 mistakes. Identify the mistakes and write
1 It is an accepted part of everyday nostalgic to assume that in the past food was
2 somehow better than it is today. The fruit and vegetables were more naturally grow and
3 this was not seen as an extra bonus which added ten per sent on to the price. Most
4 food was fresh, not frozen, and you had the chance to examine it to see whether you
5 wanted it. When you went shopping you could ask for exactly what piece of meat you
6 wanted and see the butcher to cut it instead of finding it ready-wrapped in plastic. And
7 your local trademan soon, got to know what you wanted, and provided it for you;
8 otherwise he would have gone out of business. Of course, unless we invent time-travel
9 we shall never know whether this is all true.
10 Survivors from those distant days naturally tend to dislike today's convenient
11 foods, and to prefer the Good Old Days when a joint of beef filled the oven, produced
12 thick red juice instead of water when cooked, and cost the same as a can of Coke. What
13 is always forgotten is that then as now the quantity of your food depended very much
14 upon who you were, how well-off you happened to be, and where you lived. Shopping
15 then demanded considerable skills, and shoppers had to be able to tell the fresh from
16 the not so fresh. Their was no sell-buy date to act as a guide. If you were hard up then
17 frozen meat and canned foods would have been in the menu, just as they are today.
Your answer:
Line Mistake Correction Line Mistake Correction
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Part 3:Part 1. Read the following passage and decide which answer (A, B, C or D) best fits
Disruptive technologies are now dictating our future, as new innovations increasingly (1)
_______ the lines between physical, digital and biological realms. Robots are already in our
operating rooms and fast-food restaurants; we can now use 3D imaging and stem-cell (2) _______
to grow human bones from a patient's own cells; and 3D printing is creating a circular economy in
which we can use and then reuse raw materials.
This (3) _______ of technological innovation will continue to (4) _______ change how we
live and work, and how our societies operate. In what is now called the Fourth Industrial
Revolution, technologies that are coming of age - including robotics, nanotechnology, virtual
reality, 3D printing, the Internet of Things, artificial intelligence and advanced biology - will (5)
_______. And as these technologies continue to be developed and widely adopted, they will bring
about (6) _______ shifts in all disciplines, industries and economies, and in the way that we
produce, distribute, consume and dispose of goods and services.
These developments have provoked anxious questions about what role humans will play in
a technology-driven world. A 2013 University of Oxford study estimates that (7) _______ half of
all jobs in the United States could be lost to automation over the next two decades. On the other
hand, economists such as Boston University's James Bessen argue that automation often goes (8)
_______ with the creation of new jobs. So which is it - new jobs or massive structural
unemployment?
At this point, we can be certain that the Fourth Industrial Revolution will have a disruptive
impact on employment, but no one can yet predict the scale of change. So, before we (9) _______
all the bad news, we should look at history, which suggests that technological change more often
affects the nature of work, (10) _______ the opportunity to participate in work itself.
1. A. gloss B. blur C. tamper D. distort
2. A. creation of B. addition to C. introduction to D. extraction to
3. A. bore B. thunder C. tsunami D. quake
4. A. similarly B. thoroughly C. appositely D. profoundly
5. A. converge B. suppose C. disperse D. conclude
6. A. high B. radical C. extreme D. severe
7. A. close to B. proximity to C. near D. verge on
8. A. all in all B. side by side C. hand in hand D. little by little
9. A. perpetual B. swallow C. expel D. regurgitate
10. A. besides B. except C. due to D. rather than
Part 4: Read the text below and think of the word which best fits each space. Use only one
BOOK SURGERY
Before the days of digital storage files and the easy accessible of the internet, almost every
family home boasted a (1) __________ of encyclopedias, a world atlas and a selection of other
weighty tomes that (2) __________ as an invaluable source of reference. Although these hefty
volumes have (3) __________ been rendered obsolete by ongoing technological advances, there is
often a genuine reluctance to get (4) __________ of them. Those with attractive binding may find
a new use as an (5) __________ design feature, but the rest are invariably consigned to otherwise
empty bookshelves in dusty corners of spare bedrooms.

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 The artist Brian Dettmer could, (6) __________, come to their rescue. He has come up with
an ingenious way of giving such books a new (7) __________ of life. Using what he calls ‘book
surgery’, Brian creates a sculpture out of (8) __________ redundant volume. After sealing the
edges of the book, he painstakingly cuts into the surface to create intricate patterns (9)
__________ 3D. He never adds anything to his creations, however, for the skill (10) __________
both in making precise incisions and in knowing exactly how much material to take away.
Part 5. This following reading passage has nine paragraphs, A-I. (10 points)
List of Headings
i A fresh and important long-term goal
ii Charging for roads and improving other transport methods
iii Changes affecting the distances goods may be transported
iv Taking all the steps necessary to change transport patterns
v The environmental costs of road transport vi The escalating cost of rail transport
vii The need to achieve transport rebalance viii The rapid growth of private transport
ix Plans to develop major road networks
x Restricting road use through charging policies alone
xi Transport trends in countries awaiting EU admission
Example: Answer:
Paragraph F vii

What have been the trends and what are the prospects for European transport systems?
It is difficult to conceive of vigorous economic growth without an efficient transport
system. Although modern information technologies can reduce the demand for physical transport
by facilitating teleworking and teleservices, the requirement for transport continues to increase.
There are two key factors behind this trend. For passenger transport, the determining factor is the
spectacular growth in car use. The number of cars on European Union (EU) roads saw an increase
of three million cars each year from 1990 to 2010, and in the next decade the EU will see a further
substantial increase in its fleet.
As far as goods transport is concerned, growth is due to a large extent to changes in the
European economy and its system of production. In the last 20 years, as internal frontiers have
been abolished, the EU has moved from a ”stock” economy to a ”flow” economy. This
phenomenon has been emphasised by the relocation of some industries, particularly those which
are labour intensive, to reduce production costs, even though the production site is hundreds or
even thousands of kilometres away from the final assembly plant or away from users.
The strong economic growth expected in countries which are candidates for entry to the EU
will also increase transport flows, in particular road haulage traffic. In 1998, some of these
countries already exported more than twice their 1990 volumes and imported more than five times
their 1990 volumes. And although many candidate countries inherited a transport system which
encourages rail, the distribution between modes has tipped sharply in favour of road transport
since the 1990s. Between 1990 and 1998, road haulage increased by 19,4%, while during the same
period rail haulage decreased by 43,5%, although – and this could benefit the enlarged EU – it is
still on average at a much higher level than in existing member states.
However, a new imperative-sustainable development – offers an opportunity for adapting
the EU's common transport policy. This objective, agreed by the Gothenburg European Council,
has to be achieved by integrating environmental considerations into Community policies, and
shifting the balance between modes of transport lies at the heart of its strategy. The ambitious
objective can only be fully achieved by 2020, but proposed measures are nonetheless a first
essential step towards a sustainable transport system which will ideally be in place in 30 years‟
time, that is by 2040.
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 In 1998, energy consumption in the transport sector was to blame for 28% of emissions of
CO2，the leading greenhouse gas. According to the latest estimates, if nothing is done to reverse
the traffic growth trend, CO2 emissions from transport can be expected to increase by around 50%
to 1,113 billion tonnes by 2020 ，compared with the 739 billion tonnes recorded in 1990. Once
again, road transport is the main culprit since it alone accounts for 84% of the CO2 emissions
attributable to transport. Using alternative fuels and improving energy efficiency is thus both an
ecological necessity and a technological challenge.
At the same time greater efforts must be made to achieve a modal shift. Such a change
cannot be achieved overnight, all the less so after over half a century of constant deterioration in
favour of road. This has reached such a pitch that today rail freight services are facing
marginalisation, with just 8% of market share, and with international goods trains struggling along
at an average speed of 18km/h. Three possible options have emerged.
The first approach would consist of focusing on road transport solely through pricing. This
option would not be accompanied by complementary measures in the other modes of transport. In
the short term it might curb the growth in road transport through the better loading ratio of goods
vehicles and occupancy rates of passenger vehicles expected as a result of the increase in the price
of transport. However, the lack of measures available to revitalise other modes of transport would
make it impossible for more sustainable modes of transport to take up the baton.
The second approach also concentrates on road transport pricing but is accompanied by
measures to increase the efficiency of the other modes (better quality of services, logistics,
technology). However, this approach does not include investment in new infrastructure, nor does
it guarantee better regional cohesion. It could help to achieve greater uncoupling than the first
approach, but road transport would keep the lion’s share of the market and continue to concentrate
on saturated arteries, despite being the most polluting of the modes. It is therefore not enough to
guarantee the necessary shift of the balance.
The third approach, which is not new, comprises a series of measures ranging from pricing
to revitalising alternative modes of transport and targeting investment in the trans-European
network. This integrated approach would allow the market shares of the other modes to return to
their 1998 levels and thus make a shift of balance. It is far more ambitious than it looks, bearing in
mind the historical imbalance in favour of roads for the last fifty years, but would achieve a
marked break in the link between road transport growth and economic growth, without placing
restrictions on the mobility of people and goods.
Questions 1 – 5:
Choose the correct heading for paragraphs A-E from the list of headings below.
1. Paragraph A _______2. Paragraph B _______
3. Paragraph C _______4. Paragraph D _______ 5. Paragraph E _______
Questions 6 – 10
Do the following statements agree with the information given in the reading Passage?
TRUE if the statement agrees with the information
FALSE if the statement contradicts the information
NOT GIVEN if there is no information on this
6. _______ The need for transport is growing, despite technological developments.
7. _______To reduce production costs, some industries have been moved closer to their relevant
consumers.
8. _______ Cars are prohibitively expensive in some EU candidate countries.
9. _______ The Gothenburg European Council was set up 30 years ago.
10. _______ By the end of this decade, CO2 emissions from transport are predicted to reach 739
billion tonnes.(IELTS 10- Test 2 – Reading Passage 2, p 22)

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Part 3. Read the following passage extracted from www.asiatravel.com and select the best
answer to each question below. (10 points)
Culture Shock is not something that people generally get on a holiday but as soon as your
boss calls you into the office and says "Hi John, we value you so much we want you to head our
Hong Kong operations!" you really need to start thinking about the implications and how you are
going to avoid this condition. It is not so much as a life threatening disease, but it can lead to some
very serious problems if you do not take a few precautions.
Culture shock is definitely a serious condition that needs to be watched, and checked upon.
I personally have suffered from it on numerous occasions and sleep deprivation, mood swings,
and depression are all in there.
Travelling to a new destination with unusual habits and traditions can be a
very traumatic experience. A little research before you leave will help tremendously but the most
important thing is to actually leave with an open mind. A lot of people fly off without any
research and expect things to be done in exactly the same way and at the same speed as they were
at home. Well this just isn't going to happen. And it is very important to try to understand the
culture religion and people of the country that you are travelling to.
The culture shock selection of books are a very good starting place, but one that you will
not really understand fully until you are actually in the country mingling with the locals. One
interesting point of this can be found in the book Culture Shock Thailand. Thai people are among
the nicest people in the world but it is a very different world from, let's say, the UK. The book
explains a good deal about Thai culture and traditions and it explains how Thais smile their way
out of an embarrassing situation and look down on those that don't. The book then puts this into a
couple of different examples to try to ensure that the reader understands. One such example is that
if you are walking down the street and someone throws dirty water over you from a doorway, you
should smile at the person that did this, showing your forgiveness. This should help clear the air
and the person will most likely go out of their way to help you clean up. Imagine this happening
in London! Thais shy away from confrontation, and this is one of the many aspects that make
them such a happy and kind nation.
If as an expatriate you are moving to a country with severe Culture Shock such as perhaps
Cambodia, or Vietnam, then even more research would be needed. Nowadays you can possibly do
a lot more research than ever with the growth of the internet. You can see pictures of pretty much
every destination in the world and even read restaurant, hotel and bar reviews without having even
left your office. It is also advisable to stay away from a lot of the other expats especially before
you leave and while after you arrive in the destination. A lot of expats can be very negative about
a country, even though they continue to stay there and this is not something that you need when
you have just travelled half way around the world. Instead, leave with an open mind and make
your own judgments about the place after you have started to understand it a little.
One of the biggest causes, though, of Culture Shock is language. It will make an enormous
amount of difference to you if you learn a little or as much as possible of the local language before
you leave. Take up classes and practice it as much as you can; if you are studying Thai, eat out at
Thai restaurants and try to practice your Thai. This small step will make your life a lot simpler and
will also give you immediate respect when you arrive in the foreign country, not to mention open
many new doors. If you show an interest in the other person’s language and culture they will show
an interest in you.
If you are being relocated by your company, try to find out a little about the living
conditions in that country and the package that the company offers you. Will they supply you with
hotel accommodation or will you be straight into an apartment or house? Are you given a housing
allowance and allowed to choose the accommodation yourself? Will the company pay the deposits
that the landlord requires? Will you have maids? What about a car? How many return trips will
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you have a year to your home country? Will they be in economy or business class? What about
your family rights - the wife - the husband - the children? How long is the posting for? Will the
company pay for repatriation due to illness, or unemployment? Do they have limits to the amount
of furniture that you can send over but most importantly bring back? Will they cover these
charges? Do they have any restrictions as to how you send these things? Do they offer you
insurance that is suitable for the country that you are travelling to?
When you arrive it is important to fit in, get a feel for the place, the smells and the sounds. I
would suggest just walking for a day or two experiencing the mystique of the new land you have
just discovered. After a while when you are feeling a little more at home join a club, and make
friends socially outside of your regular work patterns, and try to meet and befriend as many locals
a you can, so that you will really get a deeper understanding of where you and most probably
appreciate the differences in culture a lot more.
Culture Shock basically comes from a lack of understanding and built up anxiety, and can
be caused by the most minute things, building up. One time in Hong Kong a colleague seemed to
be literally screaming at the waitress in Cantonese, I was very anxious and asked what was wrong,
my colleague looked very confused as to why I was asking the question and she simply replied
that she was ordering some water!
All in all every expat has had his or her bad days, and there are times you just want to get
on a plane and fly back, however these days are minimal compared to the fun, and amazing
discoveries that you will make. Once you are bitten by the spirit and feeling of adventure you are
about to embark on, you will have more difficulty believe it or not, returning "home" than
you imagined especially the longer you stay away.
1. What is the main idea of the reading passage?
A. Travelling abroad has some specific negative effects on your feelings due to culture shock.
B. It is believed that every expat is certain to encounter culture shock during the overseas trip.
C. There are always some things one can do to get over anger and confusion when traveling
abroad.
D. There is no point in worrying about culture shock in other countries since it is not as serious as
people thought.
2. It can be inferred from the third paragraph that _____.
A. people’s expectation that the destination country will bear the similarity to their home one is
useless
B. Most of the countries have unusual habits as one characteristic to help building up culture
shock.
C. More research should be carried out before the trip so as to avoid understanding unusual habits
in a new country.
D. People should be open-minded since what they are going to experience will not have much
difference to that in their country.
3. Which of the following can best replace the word “traumatic” in the third paragraph?
A. fantastic B. upsetting C. unavoidable D. resembling
4. According to the passage, what should people do when Thais cause some annoyance to them?
A. Buy a book called Culture Shock Thailand to learn more about the trouble.
B. Try to talk to them about the problem in order to clear the air.
C. Clean up yourself and continue to walk down the street so as not to have any trouble with
them.
D. Give them a smile and be tolerant of the situation.
5. What does the writer advise people to do when they arrive in a new country?
A. People should arrange a short trip a few days earlier in order to get accustomed to restaurants,
hotels and bars in the new place.
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 B. It’s best not to talk to people who arrived there since they may give irrelevant and negative
comments.C. People should make their own judgements right before the trip.
D. People should understand the new place a little by staying away from expats because of their
negative points. 6. What does the word “it” in the sixth paragraph refer to?
A. culture shock B. difference C. classes D. language
7. It can be inferred from the seventh paragraph that ______.
A. Shelters should be first considered when people have plans to travel to a country.
B. Being aware of the situation in which you live and other services is essential for people’s
abroad relocation.
C. As soon as people are relocated by their company, they should ask themselves some necessary
questions in order to prepare for culture shock.
D. People should look down on the offers from the company for the relocation since all questions
have already been dealt with.
8. Which of the following phrases can best replace the word “fit in” in the eighth paragraph?
A. become involved B. feel the similarity \C. control feelings D. see the point
9. What can be inferred from the writer’s experience in the restaurant with his colleague during the
trip in Hong Kong?A. He felt very annoyed about his colleague. B. The waitress in the restaurant
was shocked at her colleague’s screaming.C. A lack of understanding is a cause to culture shock.
D. His anxiety was built up during the trip.
10. In the last paragraph, what does the writer mean by saying “you will have more difficulty
believe it or not, returning "home" than you imagined especially the longer you stay away”?
A. Once people underwent culture shock, they would find it hard to leave the destination country
due to its extreme annoyance.
B. People would like to stay longer to understand more about the culture shock since they think it
is more interesting than annoying.
C. Culture shock is inevitable and may cause people to want to return home since the longer
people stay the more trouble they have.
D. The difficulty in returning home will make people stay longer in the destination country than
you expected.
Part 5. The article is about people who stayed in tree houses. Choose from the people (A- D)
to answer the questions. The people may be chosen more than once. (10 points)
Which person Questio Answer
n
says they probably would not stay in a tree house again? 1
was sometimes keen to get back to the tree house? 2
was glad there was protection from insects? 3
enjoyed the view from the tree house? 4
did not have to walk up to the house? 5
took part in water sports? 6
liked the fact that local people benefit from the tree houses? 7
immediately accepted an unexpected offer? 8
spent a lot of time walking? 9
was pleasantly surprised by the local food? 10
Holidays in a tree house
A Primary-school teacher Anisha Kapoor went to the Green Magic Nature Resort in
Kerala, south-west India. “It wasn’t my first experience of tree house living,” she says,
“but it was certainly the best. I was pleased to see that in a region where there aren’t
many jobs, the houses are entirely built and maintained by workers from the area, using
traditional techniques and local materials. For instance, the lifts up to the front doors
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 are made of cane grown in nearby fields. They work fine, by the way, and I was glad
there was no stairs to climb – the houses are 25 metres up! That’s good, though,
because at the height there’s often a cool breeze blowing through the branches. For
power there’s solar energy and the taps in the kitchen and bathroom are supplied by
pollution-free natural springs in the nearby hills. There’s even a pretty good shower.
B Ever since TV researcher Whitney Martin worked on a programme about tree houses,
she’d dreamt about staying in one. So when her neighbours happened to mention they
had just such a place in Alaska, and asked whether she’d like to spend a fortnight there
in July, she said “yes” without a moment’s hesitation. “I couldn’t believe it when I saw
it,” she says, “it had everything: even hot running water and cable TV. Though I rarely
watched that because I was out most of the time. Just a few steps from the house there
were trails that seemed to go on forever through the forests to some really fantastic
rivers and lakes. And of course that far north the days are really long summer, so I
could keep going until very late. I hardly ever felt cold, though, and on those occasions
when I did, I had a nice warm place of my own to look forward to. The only
disadvantage of being there at that time of the year was the huge number of mosquitoes.
I must have been bitten a hundred times.”
C Australian technician Richie O’Hara was a guest at the Hinchinbrook Island
Wilderness Lodge, on an island off the north coast of tropical Queensland. “The
wooden tree house was quite comfortable,” he says, “and they had all the advertised
facilities such as running water and a fridge. Actually, I hadn’t fully read the brochure,
so when I arrived, I was surprised to find an internet connection in the house and I
wished I’d brought my computer with me. Still, I found plenty of healthy things to do,
like canoeing and diving, and in the evening I could sit in the living room looking out
above the rainforest to the Pacific beyond. That was great. After a week or so, though, I
was a little tired of the climb to and from the house, so I doubt whether I’d repeat the
tree-top experience. But I’m sure kids would love it – it’s just a pity I didn’t go there
when I was about ten!”
D Medical student Kirsty Hammond spent a week in Tanzania’s Lake Manyara National
Park, at the Lake Manyara Tree Lodge. “As we approach it,” she says, “we glimpsed
the buildings up among the branches, with the Great Rift Valley in the background. It
was a wonderful sight. The houses were comfortable, too, with running water, a well-
equipped bathroom and, fortunately, large mosquito nets above the beds – I’m very
aware of the dangers if they bite you. I also liked the fact that almost everything was
above ground, even the restaurant. To be honest, I’d had my doubts about some of the
traditional meals I’d seen people eating, but once I tasted them, I realized how good
they were. The only problem there was the high night-time temperature: although my
bedroom had an overhead fan, I didn’t sleep very well. But generally I had a great time.
There’s some fantastic wildlife around, including tree-climbing lions – though perhaps
luckily I didn’t actually see any of those.”
Part 8: 1. Finally, we were permitted to carry out the environmental project. [go-ahead]
➔ At _______________________________________________________________________
2. He was suspected of having killed his dog. [came/away]
➔ He _______________________________________________________________________
3. Everybody made fun of him because he had his hair cut so short. [laughing]
➔ His _______________________________________________________________________
4. As soon as the fund ran out, our scheme had to be abandoned. [petered]
➔ The instant ________________________________________________________________.
5. The coast was mainly affected by the thunderstorm last week. [brunt]
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➔The coast __________________________________________________________________.
6. Jack tried to win the 1st prize in the National English Competition last year, but failed. [vain]
➔ _________________________________________________________________________.
7. It was Walter Raleigh who introduced potatoes and tobaccos into England.
➔ The English ___________________________________________________ to Walter Raleigh.
8. If there is no more comment, we will delay this plan until next Saturday. [shelved]
➔There _____________________________________________________________________.
9. Both the girls laughed so much when he told them the joke. [doubled]
➔ Being _____________________________________________________________ laughter.
10. Although he didn’t revise much, he still performed well in the end-of-year exam. [acquitted]
➔ Little _________________________________________________________________

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