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CBSE Class 9 English Grammar – Tenses

1. Time and Tense
Time is universally divided into past, present, and future. Tense is a form of the verb that expresses
time. For example, “she goes’ is the present tense and ‘she went’ is the past tense of the verb ‘to go’.
Thus the verb changes its form to show whether an action takes place in the present or it took place in
the past.

2. Tenses
There are two tenses in English—the simple present and the simple past.
Note. Remember that there is no future tense in English to express future time. We use the modal
auxiliaries shall and will in the present simple tense, etc, to express future time.

3. Aspect
There are two aspects in English—the progressive (continuous) and the perfect. The progressive aspect
shows that an action is still in progress, while the perfect aspect shows that the work is complete.

4. The following table shows the different forms of the verb:

5. Forms of the Present Simple Tense:

 Thus we have seen that the simple present tense is formed by using the plain infinitive. But -s or -
es are added to the bare infinitive (i.e. infinitive without ‘to’) for the third person singular (He,
She) and singular noun (Nitu).
 We form the negative sentences by using doesn’t or don’t before the main verb.
 The interrogative sentences are formed by using do or does before the subject.
 The negative interrogative sentences are formed by using do or does before the subject and not
after the subject.
But the short forms don’t and doesn’t come before the subject.

6. Uses of the Present Simple Tense:

The simple present tense is used
(i) to express universal truths, facts, customs:

 The sun sets in the west.

 The earth revolves round the sun.
 Water freezes at 0°
 The Hindus cremate their dead.
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(ii) to express habitual action:

 I go to temple daily.
 My father goes for a walk in the evening.
 He gets up at 4 a.m daily.
 She walk to the office every day

(iii) to express a permanent state:

 My house faces west.

 Delhi stands on the bank of the yamuna,
 NH-1 (National Highway) leads to Amritsar.
 The house has four rooms.

(iv) in exclamatory sentences:

 Look out!
 Here comes the bus!
 There goes the train!

(v) in subordinate clauses beginning with ‘if’ and when’:

 If you request him, he will help you.

 If he works hard, he will pass.
 When you go there, try to meet him.

(vi) in imperative sentences:

 Let us go out for a walk.

 Obey your elders.
 Shut the door.
 Please, give me a glass of water.

(vii) to indicate a planned future action or series of action when they refer to a journey.

 He comes here tomorrow.

 This aeroplane files for London next week.
 Our examination commences on next Monday.
 We leave Delhi at 9 a.m. and reach.

(viii) for narrative events in a dramatic way:

 The sound of firing is heard.

 Lights are switched on.
 The hero is seen lying dead on the stage.

(ix) in running commentaries on sports events:

 Mohit passes the ball to Rohit.

 Rohit hits the ball straight into the goal.
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(x) to introduce quotations:

 Our teacher says, “Slow and steady wins the race.”

 My father says, ” Hard work is the key to success.”

Note: We generally use the following adverbs or adverbial phrases in the present tense:
always, often, daily, generally, usually, everyday, every week, frequently, etc.

7. Present Progressive Tense

Form:
(i) The present progressive tense is formed by adding present participle (verb + ing) to the present forms
of the auxiliary, be: am/is/are + present participle:

 She is singing.
 I am working.
 They are sleeping.

(ii) The negative is formed by putting not after the auxiliary:

 She is not singing, (isn’t)

 I am not working, (ain’t)
 They are not sleeping, (aren’t)

(iii) The interrogative is formed by placing the auxiliaries before the subject:

 Is she singing?
 Am I working?
 Are they sleeping?

(iv) The negative interrogative is formed by placing the auxiliary verbs before the subject and by
placing not after the subject:

 Is she not singing? (Isn’t she … ?)

 Am I not working? (Ain’t I… ?)
 Are they not sleeping? (Aren’t they … ?)

Note: The negative interrogative form of ‘/ am’ is Am I not? But the contracted form is: Ain’t I?
Uses of the Present Progressive Tense:
(i) The present progressive tense is used for an action that is in progress at the time of speaking:

 He is reading a newspaper.
 The children are playing football.
 The girl is singing a song. I am doing my work.

(ii) The present progressive tense is used for an action that is in progress and will continue in future. It
may not be going on at the time of speaking:

 He is learning English.
 My neighbour is writing a novel.
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(iii) It is used to describe an action that is planned to take place in the near future:

 I am meeting him tomorrow.

 He is going to England next week.
 They are not coming here on Monday.

(iv) The present progressive tense is used to express disapproval of a persistent habit or something done
again and again. We generally use adverbs such as always, constantly, repeatedly, etc:

 She is continually watching movies on T.V.

 He is always doing one mischief or the other.
 He is repeatedly making the same mistakes.
 They are constantly changing their statements.

Note: Verbs of perception and some other verbs are not generally used in the present progressive tense,
for example see, smell, hear, taste, know, understand, hate, like, want, wish, etc.

8. Present Perfect Tense

Form:
(i) The present perfect tense has the form ‘have/has +past participle’, be verb + ed/en. Has is used with
the third person singular and singular nouns and have is used with plural forms and I, we, you, they.

 She has written this essay.

 I have completed my work.
 They have helped me.

(ii) The negative sentences have the form ‘‘have/has + not’ or haven’t, hasn’t in contracted form.

 We haven’t made any mistake.

 He hasn’t played with us.

(iii) The interrogative sentences have the form ‘have/has + subject’.

 Have you packed your all books?

(iv) negative interrogative sentences are formed by putting have/has before the subject and not after it or
haven’t, hasn’t before the subject.

 Have you not finished your homework so far?

Uses of Present Perfect

The present perfect tense is used
(i) to express an action that has been recently completed:

 He has just left the place.

 Our team has won the match.
 She has finished her work.

(ii) for past actions whose time is not given:

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 He has been to Agra.

 Has she cooked the lunch?
 I have met him before.

(iii) with adverbs like already, often, recently, yet,

 I have already read this novel.

 He has recently met the Prime Minister.
 She has not replied to my letter yet.

(iv) for an action which began in the past and is still continuing:

 They have lived in this city for a long time. He has been ill since Tuesday.
 I have always helped him.

9. Present Perfect Progressive Tense

Form:
(i) The present perfect progressive tense has the form ‘have/has+present participle’ (verb+ing):

 The farmers have been ploughing their fields since morning.

 The children have been playing for the last two hours.

(ii) The negative sentences are formed by placing ‘not ’ after ‘have/has ’ and before ‘been’:

 He has not been doing his work.

 I have not been going there.

(iii) The interrogative sentences are formed by putting have/has before the subject.

 Has he been doing his work?

 Have you been going there?

(iv) The negative interrogative sentences have the form : ‘have/has + subject + not’ or ‘haven ’t/hasn
’t+subject’:

 Hasn’t he been doing his work?

 Have you not been going there?

Uses of the Present Perfect Progressive Tense:

The present perfect progressive tense is used
(i) to express an action which began at some time in the past and is still continuing:

 It has been raining since morning.

 The farmers have been ploughing their fields since 8 o’clock.
 He has been working for the last two hours.
 She has been teaching for ten years.

(ii) to express an action which has already been finished:

 He has been watering the plants (but is not doing so now).

 She has been working all the day.
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 I have been working in the field.

10. Simple Past Tense

Form:
(i) The simple past tense is formed by using the past tense form of the verb:

 She sang.
 The children played.
 I wrote a letter.

(ii) The negative sentences have the form ‘did not/didn’t + the main verb ’:

 She did not sing.

 The children didn’t play.
 I did not write a letter.

(iii) The interrogative sentences are formed by placing ‘did’ before the subject and the base form of the
verb after the subject:

 Did she sing?

 Did the children play?
 Did I write a letter?

(iv) The negative interrogative sentences are formed by placing ‘did’ before the subject and not’ before
the verb:

 Did she not sing? or Didn’t she sing?

 Didn’t the children play?

Uses of the Simple Past:

The simple past tense is used
(i) to indicate an action that was completed in the past. Generally the adverbials of the past time are
used:

 I went to Delhi yesterday.

 He wrote a letter to her last week.
 She met us two days ago.

(ii) sometimes without adverbials of time:

 My father congratulated me on my brilliant success.

 Our team won the match.

(iii) for an activity done in the past:

 Satish studied for three hours.

 I swam for half an hour.
 We talked for five minutes.

(iv) to express a habitual or regular action in the past:

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 My father always got up at 4 a.m.

 She visited the temple every day.
 He worked in his garden every Sunday.

(v) in conditional clauses:

 If you went there, you should meet him.

 If she worked hard, she would pass.
 If he accepted my advice, he would overcome his difficulty.

(vi) in the indirect form of speech:

 He said, “I work for eight hours every day.”

 He said that he worked for eight hours every day.
 My teacher said, “I pray to God for your success.”
 My teacher said that he prayed to God for our success.

11. The Past Progressive Tense

Form:
(i) The past progressive tense has the form ‘was/were + present participle” (verb + ing):

 He was writing a letter.

 The children were playing.
 The girls were singing.

(ii) The negative sentences are formed by placing not between was/were and the present participle:

 He was not writing a letter.

 The children were not playing.
 The girls were not singing.

(iii) The interrogative sentences are formed by placing was/were before the subject:

 Was he writing a letter?

 Were the children playing?
 Were the girls singing?

(iv) The negative interrogative sentences are formed by putting was/were before the subject and not
before the present participle. In contracted forms, we write wasn’t/weren’t.

 Was he not writing a letter? Were the children not playing?

Or Or
Wasn’t he writing a letter? Weren’t the children playing?
Were the girls not singing? Or Weren’t the girls singing?

Uses of the Past Progressive Tense:

The past progressive tense is used
(i) to express a state or an action that was continuing at a certain point of time in the past. It had begun
before that point and was probably continuing after it. We use adverbials of time.

 She was cooking at 8 a.m.

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 I was going to college in the morning.

 Was the farmer returning from his fields in the evening?

(ii) to express an action that was in progress in the past:

 He was sleeping.
 She was singing.
 I Was reading a newspaper.

(iii) to express an action in progress at some point of time in the past when another event took place:

 She was watching T.V. when he came.

 He was reading a novel when the door bell rang.
 I was sleeping when my father came from his office.

(iv) to describe two or more actions continuing at the same time:

 While I was bathing, my sister was washing clothes.

 While he was doing homework, his brother was listening to songs.

(v) to indicate a frequently repeated action or persistent habit in the past:

 He was constantly complaining about something or the other.

 She was always finding fault with my work.
 Sohan was always smoking whether at home or in office.

12. Past Perfect Tense

Form:
(i) The past perfect tense has the form ‘ had+past participle ’.

 He had taken his lunch.

 I had read this book before.
 She had never been to Agra.

(ii) The negative sentences are formed by placing ‘not’ after ‘had’. The contracted form is ‘hadn’t:

 He had not taken his lunch.

 I hadn’t read this book before.
 She had not been to Agra.

(iii) The interrogative sentences are formed by using had before the subject:

 Had he taken his lunch?

 Had I read this book before?
 Had you ever been to Agra?

(iv) The negative interrogative sentences are formed by placing ‘hacT before the subject and ‘not’
before the past participle:

 Had he not taken his lunch?

 Had you not read this book before?
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 Had you never been to Agra?

Uses of Past Perfect Tense:

The past perfect tense is used:
(i) for an action that had been completed before another action began in the past:

 I had done my work before he came.

 The guests had already left when she reached there.

(ii) to describe an action taking place before a particular time in the past:

 By 2 p.m. all the students had left the school.

 By 6 a.m. he had left for Delhi.

(iii) to describe an action in the past which became the cause of another action:

 The child was crying because the father had beaten him.
 Sonu was weeping because he had lost his bag.

(iv) to describe an action in the past using the time adverbials such as already, since, before, etc:

 He had already left for Ludhiana.

 She had not come here since 1960.
 They had not met each other before.

(v) to express an unfulfilled wish:

 If you had worked hard, you would have passed.

 If they had left early, they would have caught the train.

13. Past Perfect Progressive Tense

Form:
(i) The past perfect progressive tense has the form “had + been + present participle ’:

 They had been waiting here since morning.

 She had been dancing for half an hour.

(ii) The negative sentences are formed by using ‘not’ between ‘had’ and ‘been’ (had not been):

 They had not been doing any work.

 She had not been dancing.

(iii) The interrogative sentences are formed by using ‘had’ before the subject:

 Had they been doing any work?

 Had she been dancing for half an hour?

(iv) The negative interrogative sentences are formed by placing ‘had’ before the subject and ‘not ’before
‘been ’:
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 Had they not been waiting for us?

 Had she not been dancing for half an hour?

Uses of Past Perfect Progressive Tense:

The past perfect progressive tense is used
(i) to describe an action in the past that had begun and had been going on for sometime before another
action took place in the past:

 She had been dancing for half an hour when we reached there.
 The match had been going on for several hours.

(ii) to express a repeated action in the past:

 She had always been asking us for help.

 They had been trying to meet the Prime Minister.

(iii) to describe an action which began before the time of speaking in the past. The action either stopped
before that time or continued upto it:

 The farmer had been ploughing since morning.

 The children had been playing for the last one hour.

14. Future Time Reference

Future time in English can be expressed in the following ways:
(i) Simple Present Tense
(ii) Present Progressive Tense
(iii) to be/be to
(iv) be about to
(v) be going to.

(i) The simple present tense can be used to express a series of planned actions in the future, specially a
journey.

 The meeting starts at 10 a.m.

 He goes to Delhi tomorrow.

(ii) The present progressive tense is used when the planned action for the future is definite.

 They are leaving for Japan next week.

 We are visiting the Taj on Monday.

(iii) To be/be to: ‘To be/be to’ is used to express a necessity or duty or something planned for the
future:

 We are to be in the school at 8 a.m.

 I am to attend the meeting at 10 a.m.

(iv) Be about to: ‘Be about to’ may be used to express events or actions which are likely to happen in a
very short time.
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 The train is about to leave.

 The headmaster is about to come.
 The bell is about to ring.

(v) Be going to: ‘Be going to’ is used to refer to express events or actions that happen in the future as a
result of present intention or situation:

 She is not going to give us money.

 Prices are going to rise.
 Do you think it is going to rain?

Note: We generally use the modals ‘shall’ and ‘will’ to express future time.
Form:
(i) The future time is expressed by using ‘shall’ or ‘will’ with the base form of the verb:

 I shall go there tomorrow.

 They will come here in the evening.

(ii) The negative sentences are formed by placing ‘not’ after ‘shall’ or ‘will’’.

 I shall not go there tomorrow.

 They will not come here in the evening.

(iii) The interrogative sentences are formed by putting ‘shall’ or ‘will’ before the subject:

 Shall I go there?
 Will he come here?

(iv) The negative interrogative sentences have the form: ‘shall/will + subject + not ’:

 Shall I not go there?

 Will he not come here?

Uses of the Simple Future:

(i) Shall is used with the second and third persons to express determination, promise, intention, etc.

 I shall not apologise, whatever may happen.

 You shall get a reward if you win the race.
 He shall be fined if he does not attend classes.

(ii) Shall is used with the first person to express an offer or suggestion:

 Shall I open the door?

 Which dress shall I wear?

(iii) Will is used with the first person to express willingness, determination, etc:

 I will do it myself.
 I will help you.
 We will never commit such a mistake again.
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(iv) The simple future is used to express the speaker’s opinion, for something to be done in the future.
We use such verbs believe, know, suppose, think, We also use such adverbs as perhaps, possibly, surely,
etc:

 We think he will reach there in time.

 They suppose that he will never help them.

(v) The simple future is used to express habitual action:

 They will abuse you again and again.

 He will go to church daily.

(vi) The simple future is used for an action that is yet to take place:

 I shall help him.

 He will come here tomorrow.

15. Future Progressive

Form:
(i) The future progressive has the form shall/will + be + present participle:

 I shall be doing this work tomorrow.

 He will be going to Delhi tomorrow.

(ii) The negative sentences are formed by placing not after shall/will:

 I shall not be doing this work tomorrow.

 He will not be going to Delhi tomorrow.

(iii) The interrogative sentences are formed by placing shall/will before the subject:

 Shall I be doing this work tomorrow?

 Will he not be going to Delhi tomorrow?

(iv) The negative interrogative sentences are formed by putting shall/will before the subject and not
before be:

 I Shall I not be doing this work tomorrow?

 Will he not be going to Delhi tomorrow?

16. Future Perfect

Form:
(i) The future perfect has the form: ‘Shall/will + have + past participle ’.

 We shall have reached there.

 He will have done this work.

(ii) The negative sentences are formed by putting ‘not’ between ‘shall/will’ and ‘have’:

 We shall not have reached there.

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 He will not have done this work.

(iii) The interrogative sentences are formed by placing ‘shall/will’ before the ‘subject’:

 Shall we have reached there?

 Will he have done this work?

(iv) The negative interrogative sentences are formed by putting ‘shall/will ’before the ‘subject’ and ‘not’
after it:

 Shall we not have reached there?

 Will he not have done this work?

Uses of Future Perfect:

(i) The future perfect expresses an action that is expected to be completed by a certain time in the future:

 They will have reached the station in half an hour.

 He will have finished his homework by this time.

(ii) The future perfect is used to express the speaker’s belief that something has taken place:

 He will have known the Sharmas.

 She will have read “The Tempest.”

17. Future Perfect Progressive

Form:
(i) The future perfect progressive has the form: shall/will + have + been + present participle:

 She will have been cooking now.

 I shall have been preparing for my examination.

(ii) The negative sentences are formed by putting ‘not ’ between ‘shall/will’ and ‘have ’:

 She will not have been cooking now.

 I shall not have been preparing for my examination.

(iii) The interrogative sentences are formed by placing ‘shall/will’ before the ‘subject’:

 Shall I have been preparing for my examination?

 Will she have been cooking now?

(iv) The negative interrogative sentences are formed by placing ‘shall/will ’before the subject and ‘not’
after it.

 Will she not have been cooking now?

 Shall I not have been preparing for my examination?

Uses of Future Perfect Progressive:

The future perfect progressive expresses an action as being in progress over a period of time that will
end at some point in the future.
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 By next June, I shall have been completing my studies.

Exercise (Solved)
Fill in the blanks with the correct form of the verbs given in the brackets.

1. The police…………………… four thieves last night, (catch)

2. I was………………………….. food when he came in. (cook)
3. It……………………… since 9 o’clock, (rain)
4. I certainly………………….. my colleague if I had been there, (help)
5. Stars………………….. in the sky at night, (twinkle)
6. All the students………………. the classwork when the teacher came in. (do)
7. Mahesh ……………………. tomorrow from Patna, (come)
8. The patient……………… before the doctor came, (die)
9. I saw that the policemen………………… the thieves, (chase)
10. He is a very rude person, I……………………………….. him. (not help)

Answer:

1. caught
2. cooking
3. has been raining
4. would have helped
5. twinkle
6. were doing
7. will come
8. had died
9. were chasing
10. won’t help

PRESENT TENSE
Question 1) Fill in the blanks with the correct form of the verbs given in the brackets. [Present
Indefinite]

1. She ___________ (go) to her office with a friend.

2. Why _________ you __________ (like) movies?
3. My friend _______ (visit) his grandmother every day.
4. _________ (do) Ritesh ________ (love) the cold weather.
5. __________ (do) you _________ (plan) to visit Kashmir this year?
6. We always _________ (have) an early dinner.
7. His parents _______ (plan) a trip abroad every six months.
8. Our doctor in the neighbourhood ________ (make) a lot of money.
9. I ________ (help) my mother sometimes.
10. Sheetal __________ (come) here every Sunday.
11. We _______ (eat) rice for dinner every day.
12. He never ________ (hide) the truth.
13. Make hay while the sun _________ (shine).
14. Apples ________ (be) good for health.
15. The dogs ________ (bark) every night.
16. You ________ (use) the phone every day.
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Answer :

i) goes ii) do, like iii) visits iv) Does, love

v) Do, plan vi) have vii) plan viii) makes

ix) help x) comes xi) eat xii) hides

xiii) shines xiv) are xv) bark xvi) use

Question 2) Fill in the blanks with the correct form of the verbs given in brackets. [Present Continuous]

1. The CAs _________ (make) a lot of money these days.

2. Why ______ (be) he _______ (not help) you?
3. ________ (be) you ________ (come) to my house today?
4. The band ________ (play) all the old songs.
5. His parents ________ (visit) him today evening.
6. Vijay ________ (behave) very foolishly.
7. By ignoring the traffic signal, they ______ (break) the law.
8. It _______ (rain) heavily outside.
9. Our cook _________ (not come) today.
10. We ________ (face) a lot of problems in our society these days.
11. The driver ________ (plan) to take off tomorrow.
12. I ________ (come) to the party tonight.
13. The children ________ (play) hide and seek in the garden.
14. The train ________ (run) late.
15. Today, the sun ________ (shine) bright.
16. Farmers _________ (plucking) berries from the bushes.

Answer :

i) are making ii) is, not helping iii) Are, coming iv) is playing

v) are visiting vi) is behaving vii) are breaking viii) is raining

ix) is not coming x) are facing xi) is planning xii) am coming

xiii) are playing xiv) is running xv) is shining xvi) are plucking

Question 3) Fill in the blanks with the correct form of the verbs given in brackets. [Present Perfect]

1. The cat _______ (drink) all the milk.

2. They ________ (not arrive) yet.
3. She ________ (not qualify) the written test.
4. We ______ (be) already ________ (see) the movie.
5. I _________ (think) of inviting all my friends.
6. My brother _______ (not see) the Red Fort yet.
7. The teacher _______ (has) just ________ (enter) the class.
8. Rajeev ________ (stop) learning piano.
9. The media ________ (has) just ________ (leave) the premises.
10. My parents ________ (has/have) recently ________ (celebrate) their fifteenth anniversary.
11. Ramneek ________ (lose) the way.
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12. The robbers ________ (murder) three persons.

13. The minister _______ (has) already ________ (deliver) his speech.
14. The Sadhus ________ (chant) the mantras.
15. Her mother _______ (has) not _______ (rest).
16. The thief _________ (run away).

Answer :

i) has drunk ii) have not arrived iii) has not qualified iv) have, seen

v) have thought vi) has not seen vii) has, entered viii) has stopped

ix) has, left x) have, celebrated xi) has lost xii) have murdered

xiii) has, delivered xiv) have chanted xv) has, rested xvi) has run away

Question 4) Fill in the blanks with the correct from of the verbs given in brackets. [Present Perfect
Continuous]

1. It ______ (rain) since morning.

2. We ________ (wait) for Rajeev for more than an hour now.
3. Sheela ______ (practice) badminton for three hours.
4. This statue ________ (lying) here for ages.
5. Parul ______ (talk) on the phone for almost one hour.
6. The court _______ (send) the summons for three weeks.
7. The teachers ________ (invigilate) ________ for three hours.
8. These children ________ (suffer) from this allergy for the past one year.
9. I _________ (clean) the classroom since morning.
10. My mother ________ (visit) temples for two weeks now.
11. This playground _________ (lying) in disuse for the past three months.
12. The man in the next room ________ (sing) since 6 o’ clock in the morning.
13. I can’t sleep in her room any more. She _______ (snore) all through.
14. Saheb’s family ________ (wait) at the bus stop since 8 a.m.
15. The patient ________ (sneeze) non-stop.
16. The bikers _________ (race) since the afternoon.

Answer :

i) has been raining ii) have been waiting iii) has been practicing

iv) has been lying v) has been talking vi) has been sending

vii) have been invigilating viii) have been suffering

ix) have been cleaning x) has been visiting xi) has been lying

xii) has been singing xiii) has been snoring xiv) has been waiting

xv) has been sneezing xvi) have been racing

 17

PAST TENSE
Question 5) Fill in the blanks with the correct form of the verbs given in brackets. [Past Indefinite]

1. We __________ (eat) chocolates as desert in the party.

2. Kalpana Chawla ________ (join) NASA as an astronaut.
3. Rowdy students ________ (break) the furniture of the school last week.
4. I _______ (live) in the hostel for five years.
5. Sheela’s younger brother _________ (finish) his homework in the morning.
6. The teacher ________ (give) a prize to the topper.
7. The dignitaries _________ (welcome) the guests.
8. The driver of the car ________ (apply) the brakes.
9. We ________ (go) to a restaurant for dinner.
10. A massive fire ________ (break) out in the building yesterday.
11. The educationists _________ (plan) the syllabus as per the guidelines.
12. Twenty five jawans ________ (die) in the avalanche.
13. My father ________ (buy) an expensive SUV a few days back.
14. The waiter _________ (clear) the tables after dinner.
15. He never ________ (lose) sight of the goal.
16. The train _________ (shake) violently before getting derailed.

Answer :

i) ate ii) joined iii) broke iv) lived

v) finished vi) gave vii) welcomed viii) applied

ix) went x) broke xi) planned xii) died

xiii) bought xiv) cleared xv) lost xvi) shook

Question 6) Fill in the blanks with the correct form of the verbs given in brackets. [Past Continuous]

1. She ________ (watch) a movie on television in her bedroom.

2. The thief ________ (break) the lock when he was caught.
3. Seema _________ (cook) when the guests entered.
4. What _________ (be) you _________ (do) at the railway station?
5. ____________ (be) he __________ (listen) to the shlokas at the temple?
6. Prem ________ (play) the instrument when his tutor came.
7. I __________ (be) busy ________ (wash) clothes when my friend came.
8. The phone _________ (ring) when the watchman was sleeping.
9. When I went to my friends’ place, they _______ (sleep).
10. The girl _________ (drown) when the boatmen saw her.
11. Why ________ (be) you _______ (jump) on the road?
12. The Principal __________ (give away) prizes when the dance troupe came.
13. Where __________ (be) you _______ (go) when your mother spotted you?
14. Why ________ (be) she not _________ (wear) her raincoat when it was raining outside?
15. They ________ (have) their breakfast when the power went off.
16. The children __________ (not pay) attention in the class.
 18

Answer :

i) was watching ii) was breaking iii) was cooking iv) were, doing

v) Was, listening vi) was playing vii) was, washing viii) was ringing

ix) were sleeping x) was drowning xi) were, jumping xii) was giving away

xiii) were, going xiv) was, wearing xv) were having xvi) were not paying

Question 7) Fill in the blanks with the correct form of the verbs given in brackets. [Past Perfect]

1. Why _________ (has/have) you _______ (not catch) the thief earlier?
2. The king ________ (leave) before the prince came.
3. My mother ________ (finish) her chores before everybody woke up.
4. The waiter __________ (serve) the coffee after everyone finished their meals.
5. _________ (has/have) you ________ (make) it in time, you would have got the job?
6. We ________ (go) to Manali before the summer approached.
7. When they ________ (enter) the room, the music started.
8. My friend __________ (purchase) the tickets before the distribution closed.
9. Where ______ (has) you _______ (go) when I called you up yesterday.
10. The doctor _______ (instruct) the nurses to take special care of the old patients.
11. The bus driver ________ (leave) the bus before it met with an accident.
12. In my childhood, my father would take me to places that I _______ (has/have) not _______ (visit).
13. The culprit _________ (has) been ________(thrash) before the police arrived.
14. __________ (has/have) he not _________ (work) hard, he would have failed.
15. Where _______ (have) you ________ (disappear) when there was a party yesterday?
16. The children _________ (have pluck) all the flowers before the arrival of the gardener.

Answer :

i) had, not caught ii) had left iii) had finished iv) had served

v) Had, made vi) had gone vii) had entered viii) had purchased

ix) had, gone x) had instructed xi) had left xii) had, visited

xiii) had, thrashed xiv) had, worked xv) had, disappeared xvi) had plucked

Question 8) Fill in the blanks with the correct form of the verbs given in brackets. [Past Perfect
Continuous]

1. Sita _________ (has) been _______ (sit) at the computers for five hours when the bell rang.
2. The doctors ________ (has) been __________ (attend) to the patients when they heard noises outside.
3. The labourers _________ (has) been __________ (dig) the site when the wall came off.
4. Poorvi __________ (watch) the television when the earthquake came.
5. Parents ________ (attend) the counseling session when the electricity went off.
6. The secretary ________ (look) at the files since morning when the fire alarm rang.
7. He ________ (play) guitar for almost five hours when his tutor came.
8. Children ________ (splash) water in the pool for over three hours.
9. Parents ________ (worry) about their sick son all day.
10. The typist _________ (manage) her work since a long time.
 19

11. Children _________ (play) in the garden since dawn.

12. The car driver _________ (speed) for quite some time.
13. The grandmother _______ (sit) in the sun for an hour.
14. The child _________ (sleep) in the Verandah for three hours.
15. It ________ (rain) cats and dogs since morning.
16. Why _______ (has) he not ________ (study) geography in school for so many days?

Answer :

i) had been sitting ii) had been attending iii) had been digging

iv) had been watching v) had been attending vi) had been looking

vii) had been playing viii) had been splashing ix) had been worrying

x) had been managing xi) had been playing xii) had been speeding

xiii) had been sitting xiv) had been sleeping xv) had been raining

xvi) had, been studying

FUTURE TENSE
Question 9) Fill in the blanks with the correct form of the verbs given in brackets. [Future Indefinite]

1. Mumbai Indians Team ________ (play) against Pune Supergiants on Thursday.

2. I ________ (leave) for Kolkata next week.
3. The children _________ (go) for picnic tomorrow.
4. The prizes ________ (be) distributed after the exams.
5. _________ we place the order?
6. Why _________ (he tell) a lie?
7. My father _________ (buy) the lottery ticket in the evening.
8. I __________ (not eat) my dinner tonight.
9. She ________ (recite) the poem in her school.
10. Ramesh __________ (resolve) the issue.
11. Poorvi ________ (attend) the wedding next Sunday.
12. My parents ________ (visit) the shrine tomorrow.
13. You _________ (receive) your books through courier.
14. I _________ (not visit) the doctor today.
15. Prerna _________ (tie) Rakhee to her stepbrother also.
16. Raju ________ (finish) his work by noon.

Answer :

i) will play ii) shall leave iii) will go iv) will be

v) Shall vi) will he tell vii) will buy viii) will not eat

ix) will recite x) will/shall resolve xi) will attend xii) shall visit
 20

xiii) shall receive xiv) will not visit xv) will tie xvi) will finish

Question 10) Fill in the blanks with the correct form of the verbs given in brackets. [Future Continuous]

1. She _________ (help) her mother in the kitchen.

2. The organizers _________ (introduce) the guests at the function.
3. The florist __________ (deliver) the bouquet by afternoon.
4. Sunita _________ (do) her homework shortly.
5. I ________ (watch) the match tonight.
6. My parents ________ (arrive) by the morning flight tomorrow.
7. India ________ (soon compete) with the super powers.
8. He ________ (turn) eighteen next month.
9. The officials __________(visit) the school in the morning.
10. She is vomiting. She ________ (fall) sick anytime.
11. Gopal __________ (drive) all the way to Kanpur.
12. My brother _________ (leave) for his foreign assignment in a day or two.
13. When _________ you be _____________ (participate) in the competition?
14. I _________ (wait) for you downstairs.
15. The movie __________ (releasing) next Friday.
16. The principal _________ (address) a group of parents on Saturday.

Answer :

i) will be helping ii) will be introducing iii) will be delivering

iv) will be doing v) will be watching vi) will be arriving

vii) will soon be competing viii) will be turning ix) will be visiting

x) will be falling xi) will be driving xii) shall be leaving

xiii) will, participating xiv) shall be waiting xv) will be releasing

xvi) will be addressing

Question 11) Fill in the blanks with the correct form of the verbs given in brackets. [Future Perfect]

1. I ________ (decide) to leave by tomorrow morning.

2. She ________ (finish) her cooking by the time I reach her place.
3. The thieves _________ (steal) the money by the time the police arrives.
4. My younger sister _________ not __________ (go) to p[lay before I reach.
5. By next week, he ________ (quit) his job.
6. In coming years, doctors _________ (discover) a cure for cancer.
7. The tournament _________ (begin) by then.
8. In another ten years, bullet trains ___________ (become) a common sight.
9. The judge _________ (pass) the judgement by afternoon.
10. The minster _________ (visit) the shrine by 6 o’ clock.
11. The train ________ (reach) the station by the time we reach.
12. The doctors ___________ (perform) the operation seeing the condition of the patient.
13. The priest _________ (finish) the prayers before more people gathered at the church.
14. The lioness _________ (attack) its prey to feed its cubs.
15. He _________ (return) the book by tomorrow morning.
 21

16. The king ________ (visit) the palace before the arrival of the enemies.

Answer :

i) shall have decided ii) will have finished iii) shall have stolen

iv) will not have gone v) will have quit vi) will have discovered

vii) will have begun viii) will have become ix) will have passed

x) will have visited xi) will have reached xii) will have performed

xiii) shall have finished xiv) will have attacked xv) will have returned

xvi) will have visited

Question 12) Fill in the blanks with the correct form of the verbs given in brackets. [Future Perfect
Continuous]

1. I ________ (revise) my syllabus by the end of the term.

2. He ________ (play) with his friends for nearly 3 hours.
3. The labourers _________ (dig) the pit for close to five hours.
4. Shyam ________ (reach) by evening time.
5. The postman _________ (deliver) the parcel next week.
6. _________ (will) you ________ (run) the marathon tomorrow morning for six hours?
7. We ________ (see) the ‘London Bridge’ by tonight.
8. I _________ (do) the shopping for almost the entire day.
9. You ________ (celebrate) your anniversary tomorrow.
10. Tomorrow, at this time we ________ (drive) to Haridwar for three hours.
11. My mother __________ (prepare) for a party next week this time.
12. When you meet me next, I ________ (complete) my research shortly.
13. He ________ (play) chess with his friend tomorrow.
14. The sun __________ (set) by the time we finish our work.
15. We _________ (shop) in Mumbai tomorrow, when you reach here.
16. My uncle _________ (cover) the distance to Nainital before we reach there.

Answer :

i) shall have been revising ii) will have been playing

iii) shall have been digging iv) will, have been reaching

v) will have been delivering vi) will, have been running

vii) will have been seeing viii) shall have been doing

ix) will have been celebrating x) shall have been driving

xi) will have been preparing xii) shall have been completing
 22

xiii) will have been playing xiv) will have been setting

xv) will have been shopping xvi) will have been converting