SUMMARY OF ENGLISH MATERIAL
ARRANGED BY :
NAME : SALWA ASYIFA ZAHWA
CLASS XI IPA 5
SMAN 2 REJANG LEBONG DEPARTMENT OF EDUCATION AND CULTURE,
BENGKULU PROVINCE, 2023/2024
FOREWORD
Thank God for the presence of Allah SWT. Thank you for all His grace so that this paper can
be prepared until it is finished. I do not forget to express our gratitude for the assistance from
those who have contributed by providing both ideas and materials.
I hope that this paper can increase the knowledge and experience of readers. In fact, I hope
even further that readers can put this paper into practice in their daily lives.
I am sure there are still many shortcomings in preparing this paper because of my limited
knowledge and experience.
For this reason, I really hope for constructive criticism and suggestion from readers for the
perfections of this paper.
Curup, December 16, 2023
Compiler
Salwa Asyifa Zahwa
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CHAPTER 3
MOTIVATION THROUGH SONGS
A. Introduction
A song is defined a short musical composition of words and music. Lyrics are words
that make up a song.
B. Social Function
a. To inspire the listeners.
b. To express feeling of the song writers.
c. To share feeling with others.
d. To teach a lesson to the listeners.
e. To criticize environment or a condition.
C. Structure
a. Intro, the first part of the song where the singer’s voice cannotbe heard is only the
instruments.
b. Verse or verse, introductory part to the chorus.
c. Bridge, used to bridge parts of a song. Like between chorus and verse or chorus
and modulated chorus. The notes played in the bridge are generally very different
from the verse and chorus.
d. Chorus, the main message or story in the song. Uses a different and more pleasing
tone pattern than the verse.
e. The refrain or chorus is almost the same as the chorus. The chorus is usually
simpler than the chorus.
f. The coda is the end of the song with the closing notes and verses of the song.
Unlike Brigde, the coda takes several pre-existing lyrics and tunes.
D. Language Features
a. Rhyme
Rhyme is identity in sound of some part, especially the end of words, or lines of
verse. In other, words, rhyme is a repetition of similar sounds.
b. Informal Language
Informal language is language use characterized by spontaneous speech by
situations that may be described as natural or real life.
Most lyrics use contractions. A contraction is a word made by shortening and
combining two words. Nonstandard words or colloquial words can also be found
in the lyrics, such as gonna, ain’t, gotta, and wanna.
c. Mood
A mood is a literary element that evokes certain feelings or vibes in readers
through words and descriptions. Usually songs have a mood such as happy, sad,
calm, energetic, anxious, and depressing.
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CHAPTER 4
IT CAN BE EXPLAINED
A. Introduction
A genre used to explain how something works or the processes involved in actions,
events, or behaviors is called explanation genre. It is also called factual genre. As a
genre, explanations detail and logically describe the stages in a natural, social, or
technological phenomenon of our world. In other words, an explanation text is a kind
of text which tells or explains processes relating to forming of natural or social
phenomena or how something works.
B. Social Function
a. To tell why and how of the forming of the phenomena.
b. To explain why things are as they are and how they are formed or made.
c. To explain the processes involved in the evolution of natural and social
phenomenon or how something works.
d. To explain how something works or the process involved in actions, events, or
behavior.
C. Structure
a. General statement (introduction)
It is about the phenomenon issue which is to be explained. It is to introduce he
topic. The process being explained may be highlighted in a little or in the first
sentences or stage.
b. A sequenced explanation of the stage
It consists of sequenced explanation of why or how something occurs, or a series
of chronological steps which explain how or why something happens.
D. Types of Explanation Text
a. Sequential Explanatian (How something works/occurs)
b. Cause and Effect Explanation (Why something occurs)
E. Passive Voice
Formula Passive Voice
Subject + to be + past participle/V3 (Simple present)
Subject + to be + being + past participle/V3 (Present
continuous)
Subject + has/have + been + past participle/V3 (Present
perfect)
Subject + was/were + past participle/V3 (Simple past)
Subject + was/were being + past participle/V3 (Past
continuous)
Subject + had been + past participle/V3 (Past perfect)
Subject + will be + past participle/V3 (Simple future)
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Subject + will have been + past participle/V3 (Future perfect)
Example Sentences Using Passive Voice
The cookies are made by grandma (Kue-kue itu dibuat oleh
nenek)
All K-Pop tickets concert are sold within 1 minutes! (Semua
tiket konser K-Pop terjual dalam 1 menit!)
This coffee shop is being renovated at the moment (Kedai kopi
ini sedang direnovasi saat ini)
All the passengers have been moved to other side (Semua
penumpang telah dipindahkan ke sisi lain)
His mobile phone was stolen last week (Telepon genggamnya
dicuri minggu lalu)
My car was being repaired (Mobil saya sedang diperbaiki)
This camera hadn’t been used much (Kamera ini belum banyak
digunakan)
F. Language Features
a. Focus on generic, non-human participants, or things, for example, earthquakes.
b. Use of abstract nouns, for example, movement.
c. Use of simple present tense. For example : This sudden release of energy cause
the seismic waves that make the ground shake.
d. Use of temporal and causal conjunctions Use of temporal and causal conjunctions,
for example, after a while.
e. Use of passive voice. For example : Earthquakes are usually caused when rock
underground suddenly breaks along a fault.
f. Use of action verb to explain cause, , for example, slide, push, rub.
g. Use of noun phrases, for example ; the ground, the sudden breaking, the earth’s
rocky outermost crust.
h. Use of complex sentences. For example : When two blocks of rock or two plates
are rubbing against each other, they stick a little
i. Use of technical terms or words chains about a subject, for example, tectonic
plates
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CONCLUSION
Along with the development of technology and the internet, access to resources and
information in English is increasingly widespread. Much literature, journals and
educational resources are available in English.
By studying English, Students can access the latest information, learn about the
latest research, and expand their knowledge in various fields. Learning English can also
help in developing critical and creative thinking skills. As Students learn to understand
and use English, they must also learn to analyze, interpret, and express ideas
effectively. This process involves critical thinking skills to solve problems, make strong
arguments, and develop creative thinking in English.
Learning English at school provides many important benefits for students. In the
era of globalization and increasingly advanced technology, understanding and using
English has become very important.
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BIBLIOGRAPHY
https://www.ef.co.id/englishfirst/kids/blog/passive-voice-dalam-bahasa-inggris-dan-
contohnya/
https://roboguru.ruangguru.com/question/mention-the-social-function-of-personal-letter-
_QU-MN557B4W
https://blog.skillsuccess.com/definition-and-examples-of-cause-and-effect-language/
https://akupintar.id/belajar/-/online/materi/modul/12-mia/bahasa-inggris-wajib/
understanding-songs-in-english/english-vocabularies-related-to-music/104585586
https://kumparan.com/berita-hari-ini/pengertian-struktur-beserta-contoh-personal-letter-
1wxKdlRuCOM
https://www.english-academy.id/blog/passive-voice-contoh-kalimat-pasif-bahasa-inggris
https://www.gramedia.com/literasi/contoh-passive-voice/
