CHAPTER-1

INTRODUCTION
Geography is the study of physical features of the earth and its
atmosphere and of human activity as it affects and is affected by
these including the distribution of population, resources or
political and economic activity. Field work is important in both
the social and natural sciences. Social sciences such as
economics and history focus on people, culture and society.
Natural sciences such as biology and chemistry which focuses
on physical characteristics of nature and natural environments.
Field work can be conducted individually or by groups and field
size may vary house to a country and worldwide. Field work is
an activity and learning process which takes place through
direct experience with reality. It involves careful design of
project, preparation of base map, data collection, compilation of
schedule and questionnaire for local enquiry.
IMPORTANCE OF FIELD WORK:
 It gives the learning experience outside of the classroom.
 It provides opportunities for direct observation and
experience and allows scientific research.
 It helps to study the relationship between the physical and
cultural environment.

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 INTRODUCTION TO STUDY AREA
Chokar Baag is small of Tehsil Nohradhar in Sirmour district of
state Himachal Pradesh . It comes under Gram Panchayat
Chokar. It is located 94 kms towards north from distt Head
quarter Nahan & 119 km state capital Shimla.

The study area consist of total 8 houses & 52 residents and most
of them are agriculturist. The total land is about 100 Bighas.

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Geographical Location:
Longitude: 77.4626 E
Latitude: 30.8334 N
Altitute: 1520 mtrs Above Sea Level

Relative Location:
Rajgarh 36 KM
Sangrah 34 KM
Nohradhar 10 KM
Nahan 94 KM

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Drainage: Local water resources are Chos, Nalas and main
water supply come from Churdhar.

AIMS AND OBJECTIVES

To study the socio demographic features of the study area.
 Age Group
 Sex ratio
 Literacy
 Employment
To get the information about the agronomy and agricultural
related activities and animal husbandry.

 Cropping pattern
 Irrigation
 Animal husbandry
 Fuel used
To know about the type and quantity of the manure and
fertilizers used in area. To get the information about agricultural
mechanization level.
To study the land use pattern and their environment
implication.

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 CHAPTER - 2
SOCIO DEMOGRAPHY
Age Group
S.NO AGE CATEGORY NO OF %
GROUP PEOPLE
1. 1-13 Children 10 19
2. 14-25 Young Adults 6 12
3. 22-60 Adults 21 40
4. Above 60 Old 15 29
TOTAL 52

Sales
Children Young Adults Adults Old

19%
29%

12%

40%

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 Above data shows that the maximum no of peoples are
adults i.e is 40%, young adults are 12% , children are 19%
& old are 29%.

Sex Ratio
1. MALE 26 50%

2. FEMALE 26 50%

TOTAL 52 1:1

Sales

MALE
FEMALE
50% 50%

 Above data shows that the both male & female are in
same ratio i.e 1:1

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 Literacy Rate & Pattern
S.NO LEVEL OF EDUCATION NO OF PEOPLE
1. Illiterate 7
2. Upto Matric 16
3. Senior Secondary 19
4. Graduate & Above 10

Sales
ILLITERATE UP TO MARIC
SENIOR SECONDARY GRADUATE AND ABOVE

19% 13%

31%

37%

 Above data shows that the maximum no of peoples are

educated 37% of peoples are 12th Passed, 31% of peoples
are 10th or below , 19 % of peoples are graduates & 13 %
of peoples are illiterate.

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 Employment
Category Male Female
Agriculture 13 15
Government 2 3
Private 1 0
Business 2 0
Student/Infants 8 8
Total 26 26

Column1
AGRI GOVT PVT BUSINESS STUD

31%

54%

4%

2% 10%

 This surveys shows that the maximum no of peoples are

engaged with agriculture i.e 54%, 31% of peoples are
Student/ Infants, 9% of peoples are in Government Job ,
2% of people are in Private Job & 4% of peoples are doing
business.

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 CHAPTER -3
AGRONOMY
Cropping Pattern

The study area is diversified with so many crops which involves

cereals, millets, vegetables and fruits etc. There is no doubt that
through major shift can be seen in the cropping pattern
because the market crops has been replaced traditional crops.
The major types of crops in study area are:
Crops:
Khrif- These crops are sown during rainy season from June to
July and harvested during monsoon from Sep to Oct .
E.g- Corn, Soybean, Beans & Sugarcane.
Rabi : These crops are sown in winters from Oct to Feb and
harvested in March to April.
E.g : Mustard, Onion, Peas, Ginger & garlic.
Zaid: These are the summer crops like cucumber, pumpkin,
tomato, potato etc.

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Fruits : major fruits grown in the study area are peach, apple,
plum, banana.
Flower: some varieties of Flower are also grown by some
farmer for commercial purpose in the study area.

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 Irrigation
The study area is characterized by natural choes and nalas for
irrigation and daily uses need.
The irrigation is done with the help of sprinklers and pipes
directed from tanks , canals and khads.

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 Animal Husbandry
In study area almost every house cattle are reared and cows,
bulls, goats, sheep’s and horses can be seen.
They fulfill the basic requirements of milks and its products,
wool & ploughing. Horses are used for carrying loads in
village.

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 Fuel Used
In study area people uses Mitti ka Chulha and LPG gas as a
source of fuel.
In addition, some of houses also have inductions.

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 CHAPTER- 4
FERTILIZERS
&
AGRICULTURAL EQUIPMENTS

Manure and Fertilizers

Agriculture is done by every family in study area as their main
and side occupation for source of income. For the better
production of crops in study area people uses manure, fertilizers
and insecticides. They provides nutrients and kills unwanted
insects and grasses.
TYPE TIME
Organic After ploughing and
(Dung, Decayed leaves) germination of Seeds

Urea (NPK – DAP12-32-16) After Germination

Insecticides Leaf developing stage
& attack of insects
Weedicides During excessive
growth of weeds.

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 Agricultural Mechanization
Nowadays new agriculture equipments are used which help to
make the way of performing agriculture easier and different
from traditional manner. There are so many equipments that are
newly introduced to the farmers and are provided through govt.
Subsidies.
Like tractors, crusher, sprayer etc.

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 CHAPTER- 5
LAND USE & ENVIRONMENT

Land use & Land Cover

The study area involves the land of approx. 100 bighas which is
used for agricultural use and habitat. In addition to it the forest
covers land of area is 150 bighas.
 This information is collected from local residents

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 Environmental Implications

The main problem faced by resident of study area is the lack of

connectivity of roads. The people have to carry their cash crops
or fruits for 2 k.m. This issue is faced by all people in study
area.

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 CHAPTER 5
SUMMARY

By conducting this survey helped me in lot of ways. This

survey gave me a sense of belonging to place which I belong. It
made me understand the physical, cultural and social
environment of study area. This survey gave me new
informations about study area which I was not aware of.

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 BIBLIOGRAPHY

 www.google.com
 Google Maps
 Village revenue office
 Data used to make this project report is collected by
visiting the fields with the help of villagers.

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