Name of the student:

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Subjet: English two

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Unit: 2

Date: Thursday, May, 2nd 2024

José María Morelos y Pavón

José María Morelos y Pavón was born in Valladolid Michoacán on
September 30th 1765 and died in 1815, He was a priest and military
leader who played a crucial role in the Mexican War of Independence in
1810. In 1813, he convened the Congress of Chilpancingo, which
declared Mexico's independence from Spain and established a new
government.

Vicente Guerrero
Vicente Guerrero was born in Tixtla Guerrero on August 10th 1782 and
died in 1831, He was a military leader and politician who played a key
role in the final stages of the Mexican War of Independence. In 1821,
Guerrero joined forces with Agustín de Iturbide, and together they led
the insurgent army to victory over the Spanish. After independence,
Guerrero served as president of Mexico from 1829 to 1830.

Guadalupe Victoria
Guadalupe Victoria was born in Tamazula, Nueva Vizcaya Durango on
September 29th 1786 and died in 1843, was a military leader and
politician who played a key role in the Mexican War of Independence. In
1821, Victoria led the insurgent army into Mexico City, marking the end
of the Spanish colonial era. He was a proponent of federalism and
democracy, and he worked to establish a stable and prosperous
republic.

Leona Vicario
Leona Vicario was born in México city on April 10th 1789 and died in
1842, she was a woman who played a crucial role in the Mexican War of
Independence. She used her wealth and social connections to provide
financial support to the insurgent army, and she also served as a courier
and spy. Vicario was captured by Spanish forces in 1811, and she was
imprisoned for over a year. However, she was eventually released, and
she continued to support the independence movement until its victory in
1821.

Andrés Quintana Roo

Andrés Quintana Roo was born in Mérida Yucatán on November 30th
1787 and died in 185, He was a lawyer, politician, and diplomat who
played a key role in the Mexican War of Independence and the early
years of the Mexican Republic. he served as a delegate to the Congress
of Chilpancingo in 1813, and he helped to draft the Mexican Constitution
of 1824. He is best known for his work to promote education and culture
in Mexico.
Agustín de Iturbide
Agustín de Iturbide was born in Valladolid Michoacán on September
27th 1783 and died in 1824, He was a military leader and politician who
played a key role in the final stages of the Mexican War of
Independence. In 1821, Iturbide defected to the insurgent side and
joined forces with Vicente Guerrero. Together, they led the insurgent
army to victory over the Spanish. After independence, Iturbide
proclaimed himself emperor of Mexico. However, his rule was short-
lived, and he was overthrown in 1823.

Valentín Gómez Farías

Valentín Gómez Farías was born in the city of Guadalajara on February
14th 1781 and died in 1857, He was a liberal politician and reformer who
played a key role in the early years of the Mexican Republic. After the
overthrow of Emperor Agustín de Iturbide in 1823, Gómez Farías served
as vice president of Mexico under President Guadalupe Victoria. As vice
president, he implemented a number of liberal reforms, including the
separation of church and state, the abolition of slavery, and the
establishment of public schools.

Lucas Alamán
Lucas Alamán was born in Guanajuato, Guanajuato, on October 18th
1792 and died in 1853, He was a conservative politician, historian, and
economist who played a key role in Mexican politics and society. He was
a supporter of Spanish rule, and he opposed the Mexican War of
Independence. After independence, Alamán became a leading figure in
the conservative party. He served in several ministerial positions, and he
was also a member of the Mexican Congress. Alamán was a prolific
writer, and he published a number of works on history, economics, and
politics.
José Joaquín Pesado
José Joaquín Pesado was born in San Agustín del Palmar Puebla on
February 9th 1801 and died in 1841. He was a poet, writer, and diplomat
who played a key role in the development of Mexican literature and
culture. He began publishing his poetry in the 1820s, and he quickly
gained a reputation as one of the leading poets of his generation.
Pesado's poetry is characterized by its romanticism and its focus on
national themes. He also wrote a number of essays and short stories. In
addition to his literary work, Pesado served as a diplomat for the
Mexican government.

Ignacio Comonfort
Ignacio Comonfort was born in the state of Puebla on March 12th 1818
and died in 1863, He was a liberal politician and military leader who
played a key role in the Reform War and the French Intervention in
Mexico. He fought in the Mexican-American War, and he rose through
the ranks of the army to become a general. In 1855, Comonfort joined
the opposition to President Santa Anna and led a successful revolt
against him, He was elected president of Mexico in 1857, and he
implemented a number of liberal reforms, including the Constitution of
1857, which enshrined many of the ideals of the Reform Movement.

Benito Juárez
Benito Juárez was born in San Pablo Guelatao Oaxaca on March 21th
1806 and died in 1872, He was a Zapotec lawyer and politician who
served as president of Mexico from 1857 to 1872. He was a strong
advocate for indigenous rights and social justice. He led the liberal
forces in the Reform War, which lasted from 1857 to 1860. After the war,
Juárez returned to Mexico City and resumed his presidency. He
implemented a number of liberal reforms.
Miguel Hidalgo y Costilla
Miguel Hidalgo y Costilla was born in hacienda of San Diego de
Corralejo, Pénjamo, Guanajuato on May 8th 1753 and died in 1811, He
was a Catholic priest and revolutionary who played a key role in the
early stages of the Mexican War of Independence. He became a priest
in 1778, and he served in several parishes in central Mexico. Hidalgo
was a strong advocate for social justice, and he was critical of Spanish
colonial rule. In 1810, he issued the Grito de Dolores, which called for an
uprising against the Spanish. Hidalgo led a large peasant army, and he
captured several important cities. However, he was eventually defeated
by Spanish forces, and he was executed in 1811.

Antonio López de Santa Anna

Antonio López de Santa Anna the town of Xalapa Veracruz on February
21th 1795 and died in 1876, He was a military leader and politician who
served as president of Mexico eleven times He joined the Mexican army
in 1810 and fought in the Mexican War of Independence. After
independence, Santa Anna rose through the ranks of the army and
became a prominent political figure. Santa Anna was a skilled military
leader, and he won several important victories in battles against the
Spanish, the French, and the Texans. However, he was also known for
his authoritarian rule and his corruption.

Pedro María Anaya

Pedro María Anaya was born in Huichapan, Viceroyalty of New Spain on
May 20th 1794 and died in 1854, He was a military leader and politician
who played a key role in the Reform War. He fought in the Mexican-
American War and rose through the ranks of the army to become a
general. In 1855, Anaya joined the opposition to President Santa Anna
and led a successful revolt against him. He was elected president of
Mexico in 1857, but he was soon overthrown by a conservative coup.
Santos Degollado
Santos Degollado was born in Guanajuato Guanajuato on October 31,
1811 and died in 1861, He was a military leader and politician who
played a key role in the Reform War and the French Intervention in
Mexico. He joined the Mexican army in the 1840s and fought in the
Mexican-American War. In 1855, Degollado joined the opposition to
President Santa Anna and led a successful revolt against him. He
served as governor of Jalisco and as a general in the Reform War. After
the war, Degollado joined the fight against the French Intervention.

Ignacio Zaragoza
Ignacio Zaragoza was born in La Bahía Texas United States on March
24th 1829 and died 1862, He was a military leader who played a key
role in the Battle of Puebla, which was a major victory for the Mexican
forces against the French Intervention. He joined the Mexican army in
the 1850s and fought in the Reform War. In 1862, Zaragoza was
appointed commander of the Mexican forces in Puebla. He helped delay
the French advance on Mexico City. Zaragoza died of typhoid fever just
two months after the Battle of Puebla.

Porfirio Díaz
Porfirio Díaz was born in the city of Oaxaca on September 15th 1830
and died in 1916, He was a military leader and politician who served as
president of Mexico for seven terms, from 1876 to 1911. He joined the
Mexican army in the 1850s and fought in the Reform War and the
French Intervention. In 1876, Díaz led a successful coup against
President Sebastián Lerdo de Tejada and took office as president. Díaz
remained in power for the next 35 years, during which time he oversaw
a period of economic growth and modernization. However, his rule was
also marked by repression and corruption.
Emiliano Zapata
Emiliano Zapata was born in Anenecuilco Morelos on August 8th 1879
and died in 1919, He was a peasant leader and revolutionary who
played a key role in the Mexican Revolution. In 1910, he joined the
revolution led by Francisco Madero, demanding land reform and social
justice. After Madero's assassination in 1913, Zapata broke with the new
government and formed his own revolutionary army, the Zapatistas. The
Zapatistas fought for agrarian reform, indigenous rights, and women's
suffrage. They were one of the most powerful and successful factions of
the Mexican Revolution.

Pancho Villa
Pancho Villa was born in La Coyotada on June 5th 1878 and died in
1923, He was a revolutionary leader and military figure who played a
prominent role in the Mexican Revolution. He joined the revolution in
1910, quickly rising through the ranks of the rebel forces due to his
charisma, strategic brilliance, and ruthless tactics. Villa's military
victories and populist appeal made him a popular figure among many
Mexicans, particularly in the north. However, his rivalry with other
revolutionary leaders and his participation in atrocities tarnished his
reputation.

Venustiano Carranza
Venustiano Carranza was born in Cuatro Ciénegas Coahuila on
December 29th 1859 and died in 1920, He was a politician and military
leader who played a crucial role in the Mexican Revolution and the
establishment of the post-revolutionary government. When the Mexican
Revolution erupted in 1910, Carranza joined the Constitutionalist faction,
which aimed to overthrow the dictatorship of Porfirio Díaz and establish
a constitutional government. Under Carranza's leadership, the
Constitutionalists emerged victorious in the revolution, defeating rival
factions such as the Zapatistas and Pancho Villa's forces. In 1917,
Carranza convened a constitutional convention to draft a new
constitution for Mexico, which established a federal republic with a
strong central government. Carranza served as president of Mexico from
1917 until his assassination in 1920.

Álvaro Obregón
Álvaro Obregón was born in Siquisiva Navojoa hacienda Sonora on
February 19th 1880 and died in 1928, He was a military leader and
politician who played a significant role in the Mexican Revolution and the
post-revolutionary era. He distinguished himself as a skilled military
commander, particularly in his victories over Pancho Villa's forces. After
the revolution, Obregón served as president of Mexico from 1920 to
1924. His presidency was marked by efforts to institutionalize the
revolution, promote economic development, and maintain political
stability.

Plutarco Elías Calles

Plutarco Elías Calles was born in Guaymas Mexico on September 25th
1887 and died in 1968, He was a military leader and politician who
played a central role in the Mexican Revolution and the post-
revolutionary period. He served as governor of Sonora and later as
secretary of war under Obregón's presidency. After Obregón's
assassination in 1928, Calles emerged as the dominant political figure in
Mexico. He served as president from 1926 to 1934, implementing a
series of radical reforms known as "Maximato."

Frida Kahlo
Frida Kahlo was born in Coyoacán Mexico on July 6th 1907 and died in
1954, She was a renowned Mexican painter who is celebrated for her
vibrant, self-portraits that often depicted her physical and emotional
pain. At the age of 18, she was involved in a near-fatal bus accident that
left her with chronic pain and limited mobility. Throughout his life he
underwent numerous surgeries and endured constant discomfort, which
he channeled into paintings. Kahlo's works are characterized by their
bold colors, symbolism, and exploration of themes such as identity,
femininity, and pain.

Octavio Paz
Octavio Paz was born in Mexico City on March 31st 1918 and died in
1998, He was a prolific Mexican poet, essayist, diplomat, and Nobel
Prize laureate who made significant contributions to literature and
intellectual discourse. Paz's works delved into various subjects,
including love, loss, identity, and the human condition. He was deeply
influenced by Mexican culture and history, and his writings often
reflected on the country's complex social and political landscape. In
addition to his poetry, Paz was a prolific essayist and translator. He
explored themes of modernity, art, politics, and cultural identity in his
essays, often drawing connections between different cultures and
intellectual traditions. His writings were widely admired for their depth,
insight, and ability to bridge cultural divides. In 1990, Paz was awarded
the Nobel Prize in Literature, cementing his status as one of the most
influential and celebrated writers of the 20th century.