TRIBHUVAN UNIVERSITY

INSTITUTE OF SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY

A Internship Report on
"Vechicle Tracking System"
for the partial fulfillment of the requirement the for the degree of
Bachelor of Science in Computer Science and Information Technology
(BSc.CSIT)

Submitted By:
Sanjay Adhikari (TU. Roll No : 2911/070)

Submitted to:
Texas International College
Department of Computer Science & IT
Mitrapark, Chabahil, Kathmandu
February 2018
 ACKNOWLEDGEMENT

I would like to express my sincere gratitude to our supervisor Shankar Prasad

Sharma, lecturer of Department of Computer Science for his incredible support
and guidelines during the entire internship project execution.

I would also like to thank Mr. Amod Pudasini, Project Manager, for his constant
suggestions and guidance. His painstaking encouragements boosted morale for the
completion of this project.

I would also like to appreciate Mr Ambika Luitel, CEO of the e-Zone, for his
valuable guidance throughout of the project. Without his guidance, the project
would not have been successful.

Lastly, I offer my best regards and gratitude to all our colleagues, fellow workers
and others who supported us in any respect during the completion of the project.

Thanking You,

Rojina KC (T.U. Exam Roll No. 2907)

i
 ABSTRACT

This report contains the details of the activities carried out during the internship
conducted for the three months internship duration.

The current location and estimated arrival time and distance of the vehicle is
provided to the passenger by the vehicle tracking system. In relation to the
estimated arrival time the passengers can decide whether to wait for the
vehicle or not. This helps in making better travelling decisions by the
passengers. From this system it can also be determined whether the vehicle is
yet to come or has been missed. To make life more efficient the system
provides necessary basic information.

Android based vehicle tracking system is required which tracks the real time
location of the vehicle and this information is used effectively by the
commuters to make better travelling decision. GPS is growing its popularity in
day to day life applications. In this era of 4th Generation Smartphone and
palmtops have become a valuable part of the human beings. We often listen to
the words Android and Maps. Android has made life easier and comfortable

This thesis describes the process of designing a client server android based
application for the efficient vehicle tracking. Quality of life of people in India
is demeaning with the growing traffic congestion. Congestion leads to air
pollution, decrease in accessibility and increased travel time. System and
technology is growing even in microseconds. GPS is mounting its reputation in
day to day life applications. With increasing use of smart phones and growing
popularity of the GPS based applications, it has become feasible for the
commuter to track the real time position of the vehicle and make better
travelling decision.

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 TABLE OF CONTENT

ACKNOWLEDGEMENT.....................................................................i

ABSTRACT..........................................................................................ii

LIST OF FIGURE................................................................................vi

LIST OF TABLE................................................................................vii

LIST OF ABBREVIATIONS............................................................viii

CHAPTER 1: INTRODUCTION.........................................................9

1.1 Introduction to Internship.........................................................9

1.2 Background.............................................................................10

1.3 Objectives...............................................................................11

1.3.1 Internship Objective...................................................................11

1.3.2 Task Based Objective.................................................................12
1.4 Brief Introduction of Industry.................................................12

1.5 Brief Introduction of Organization.........................................13

1.5.1 About Organization.................................................................14

1.5.2 Organization Rationale............................................................14
1.5.3 Organization Hierarchy............................................................15
1.5.4 Contact Details.........................................................................15
CHAPTER 2: ANALYSIS OF ACTIVITY DONE............................16

2.1 Internship Placement Details..................................................16

2.1.1 Organization Selection.............................................................16

2.1.2 Placement.................................................................................16
2.1.3 Duration...................................................................................17
2.1.4 Roles and Responsibilities.......................................................17
 2.2 Literature Review...................................................................18

2.3 Specific Problem Analysis......................................................21

2.3.1 Description of the System........................................................21

2.3.2 Development of Project Goals.................................................22
2.4 Management Strategy.............................................................23

2.4.1 Time Management......................................................................23

2.4.2 Cost Management.......................................................................24
2.5 Project Schedule.....................................................................24

2.5.1 Time Schedule............................................................................24

2.5.1 GANTT chart...........................................................................25
CHAPTER 3: SOLUTION DESIGN..................................................26

3.1 Project Management Plan........................................................26

3.1.1 System Analysis..........................................................................26

3.1.2 System Design.............................................................................28
3.1.3 Flow Chart...................................................................................29
3.1.4 Data Flow Diagram of Shopping Cart.........................................30
CHAPTER 4: IMPLEMENTATION STRATEGIES.........................36

4.1 TestingStrategies.......................................................................36

4.1.1 Unit Testing................................................................................36

4.1.2 Integration Testing.....................................................................36
4.1.3............................................................................Validation testing
.....................................................................................................37
4.1.4 Test Case....................................................................................37
4.2 Tools Used...............................................................................38

4.2.1....................................................................Hardware Requirement
.....................................................................................................38
4.2.2.....................................................................Software Requirement
.....................................................................................................38
CHAPTER 5: RESULT ANALYSIS..................................................39

5.1 Result.........................................................................................39

5.2 Critical Analysis.........................................................................39

5.3 Recommendation to the internship program..............................41

CHAPTER 6: CONCLUSION............................................................43

CHAPTER 7: REFERENCE...............................................................44

CHAPTER 8: APPENDIX..................................................................47

Appendix 1: Screenshots..................................................................47
 LIST OF FIGURE

Figure 1: Gantt chart .............................................. Error! Bookmark not defined.

Figure 2: ER diagram of system.............................................................................33
Figure 3: Context level diagram.............................................................................30
Figure 4: First Level DFD......................................................................................31
Figure 5: Second Level DFD.................................................................................32
Figure 6: Use Case Diagram..................................................................................34
Figure 7: Home screen of shop .............................. Error! Bookmark not defined.
Figure 8: Sub Categories of Item...........................................................................47
Figure 9: Register account......................................................................................48
Figure 10: Select the product.................................................................................48
Figure 11: add to cart.............................................................................................49
Figure 12: filling the Billing detail.........................................................................49

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 LIST OF TABLE

Table 1: Internship Duration..................................................................................17

Table 2: Time Schedule ......................................... Error! Bookmark not defined.
Table 3: Test Case..................................................................................................38

vii
 LIST OF ABBREVIATIONS

BSc.CSIT Bachelor in Science in computer Science Information Technology

ICT Information and Communication Technologies

IT Information Technology

MVC Model View controller

TU Tribhuwan University

DFD Data Flow Diagram

viii
 CHAPTER 1: INTRODUCTION

1.1 Introduction to Internship

As per the requirement of the TU for the BSc. CSIT final year students are required to
complete a six credit (minimum ten weeks/180 hour long) internship as a part of the
course requirement. Industry is a crucial requirement of the internship course and this
will have to be secured before getting started with the course. The internship in
specialized field provides students in‐depth understanding about the field, market
exposure, and help to identify the potential career opportunities. Internship project is
good for students to understand real world implications of the sound academic
knowledge gained in college.The internship gives the real world exposure to the
professional life and show wider exploration of the career opportunities in
information technology and software development.

The internship experience is expected to enable the students to assist in the resolution
of complex problem associated with database systems. The broad objectives of
internship are as follows:

- To test the interest in particular field before permanent commitment are made.
- To develop skills in the application of theory to practical work situations.
- To test the aptitude for a particular career.
- To know the value of time management and interpersonal skills.
- To develop skills and techniques directly applicable to the careers.
- To acquire in-depth knowledge of the formal functional activities of a
participating organization.

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1.2 Background

Various uncertain conditions in daily operation of public transportation systems,

affects the movement of vehicles as the day progresses. Uncertainty in driver's
location and carelessness in driver towards organizational vehicle can cause an
organization to suffer a lot and Uncertainty in passenger demand, traffic congestion,
uneven vehicle dispatching times, unexpected delays and incidents can cause
passengers to suffer a lot. A driver can easily deceit organization by giving them
wrong information and passenger usually has to suffer a lot due to delays in vehicle
arrival, high cost of the vehicle and so on. Interfaces such as smart phone could make
public conveyance system more user-friendly by disseminating the arrival time
information of the bus.
The current position and estimated arrival time of the vehicle is provided to the
passenger by the Vehicle Tracking System. In relation to the estimated arrival time
the passenger can decide whether to wait for the vehicle or not and the continuous
tracking of driver's location could make driver more responsible and aware about
organization. From this system the organization can assign new passengers to vehicle,
can get all the records or history of driver's location and son on.
For enhancing public transport and organization's control, it has to be made more
reliable for which various concepts have been proposed. Vehicle transport systems is
developed to make transportation easier and comfortable. There are various concepts
that are included in it. Some of them are providing automatic vehicle location system,
billing system maintained by organization, real time vehicle selection by customers,
interactive dashboard for organization for viewing real time battery levels etc and so
on.

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1.3 Objectives

The goal of this application is to develop a web and mobile based tracking solution
for customers and organization. The system would be easy to use and hence make the
riding experience pleasant for the users. The main objective of the project of this
internship is to develop working in real world and to develop a online web-based
Tracking system. Some of the objectives of this website are as following:

1. To develop an easy to use web based interface for organization where organization
can view the location of the vehicle, speed of vehicle, battery level of vehicle and
keep track of organization's driver history and so on.

2. A customer based application where customer can also view the current location of
the vehicle and make booking of the vehicle as per the price they find efficient.

3. To develop and easy to use driver based application where driver can continuously
send its location to the server and can also bill its customer on order to organizational
pricing models.

1.3.1 Internship Objective

The main objective of the internship project in simple term is to get practical
experience of the theoretical knowledge gained in the classroom. The main task is to
get enrolled into the organization and do tasks as required by the organization as well
as the course of study i.e. BSc.CSIT. The internship attachment project is a
remarkable opening to experience the real world working environment and culture
where the knowledge learned during B.Sc. CSIT course might be implemented. The
solution given to the

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organization will be in terms of system analysis and design and developing an
integrated system that helps in planning and decision making for the organization.

The report is prepared for the purpose of acquainting the achievement of the author
during internship at the company, Softech Foundation Pvt. Ltd.

The broad objectives of this internship are as follows:

 To provide students the opportunity to test their interest in a particular career

before permanent commitments are made.
 To develop skills in the application of theory to practical work situations.
 To learn the skills required to work in real time working environment.

1.3.2 Task Based Objective

The specific objectives related to the placement of the author in the Softech Foundation
Pvt. Ltd. is as follows:

 To learn Android application development

 To learn the detail of working of google maps
 To be able to develop android base applications to be implemented in real
time system
 To study different type of problems faced in android application development
life cycle
 To learn the testing methodologies implemented in the systems

1.4 Brief Introduction of Industry

The goal of this application is to

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develop a web based interface and android based application for tracking system. The
system would be easy to use and hence make the tracking experience pleasant for the
organization as well as its customer. Some of the objectives of this application are as
following:

1. To develop an easy to use web based interface where users can search for products,
view a complete description of the products and order the product.

2. A search engine that provides an easy and convenient way to search for products
specific to their needs. The search engine would list a set of products based on the
search term and the user can further filter the list based on various parameters.

3. Various kinds of goods can be placed in online shopping cart for sale and
promotion of each and every good with the product description.

4. To sell various goods and items to customers online by allowing customers to add
item into the cart or to remove in the undesirable case.

1.5 Brief Introduction of Organization

Softech Foundation Pvt. Ltd is a company established with concrete aims to catapult
the growing prospect of IT in Nepal to the un-scalable height by providing qualitative
training, services, Data Entry and electronic document management solution,
webpage design and development, IT consultancy & other computer related jobs
independently. This exceptional team has every solution to their clients' biggest and
most complicated problems. This organization services are offered both on and
offshore, and delivered with pride and passion. Since it's establishment, Softech
Foundation has been leading custom and common software, web & database
development company delivering world-class service for both government and non-
government organization around Nepal. This organization is a group of energetic,

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 motivated, skilled people whose main goal is to provide their clients with an
innovative solution regarding web development and software development.

The company is led by a strong management team and knowledgeable computer

engineers and IT knowledge workers with experience in various areas of the

information and communication technology (ICT) industry covering software

development, wired & wireless solutions, network design and implementation, e-
Business applications solutions and others internet related systems.
Softech Foundation has combined a set of products and services that meet the
immediate information technology needs of a small business: Basic and enhanced
hosting services, Web design, software development and Intranet applications. With
the experience, Softech be able to help its customers to define and implement their e-
business strategies successfully.
Softech Foundation Pvt. Ltd. is an emerging Software Development company in Nepal
with a dedicated team of qualified and innovative experts. The team consists of
promising, innovative and highly skilled engineers who deliver a turn-key solution to
the clients who wish to constantly upgrade their businesses and services through
Information technology. The team is oriented with the motive of cost-saving without
compromising in the quality. Through years of consistent hard-work and effort,
Softech now holds a remarkable position in the software industry market.
Softech is a strategic and long-term partner of their clients who comprehend that
incorporating IT will pave a path for a faster growth. It concentrates in providing an
integrated and complete technology services to its client.
Softech has portrayed itself as a reliable caretaker of their clients so far; offering them
every aspect of IT solution starting from strategy consulting and concept development,
design and architecture, up to deployment, training, maintenance and future
enhancement. With its strong vision of producing secure and user friendly software and
web-products, it has successfully catered customer satisfaction under superior
professionalism.

Softech Foundation has achieved the honor to be Microsoft Certified Gold Partner,
Prometric Test Center and member of CAN. As a Microsoft Certified Gold Partner, Softech
14
Foundation Pvt. Ltd. has attained and achieved the honor of Security Solution Competency,
Information Worker Solution Competency, Desktop Platform Competency, System
Management Competency and Business Intelligence Competency of Microsoft Corporation
which has proved the technical expertise and work efficiency on those arenas.
1.5.1 About Organization

Softech Foundation is a IT organization established on 2003 which is situated at Mid-

Baneshwor, Kathmandu. This organization is driven towards providing the best of the
technology era through solutions locally and globally with a slogan ‘…IT in an
innovative, quick and effective way’ .

Softech Foundation is an ever-growing community of passionate and brilliant people.

This exceptional team has every solution to their clients' biggest and most
complicated problems. This organization is a group of energetic, motivated, skilled
people whose main goal is to provide their clients with an innovative solution
regarding web development and software development.

1.5.2 Organization Rationale

Softech FOundation acquire confident and professionally motivated team to deliver

solutions to your needs. They simplify, standardize and automate the organizations
technically. Analyzing client need, effective planning, development and maintenance

15
are the major steps for any new web development and software development service
they provide. They believe in creating the best technology and product through the
combination of best people and best equipment. Everything they do reflects this
mission and the values that make it possible. Their Values: Honesty, Trust, Freedom,
Innovation, Integrity, Team spirit and Fun are some values influence the way we meet
client needs.

1.5.3 Organization Hierarchy

The organization structure or form of an organization has evolved in order to perform

the various roles of the organization and also to provide the services efficiently and
effectively. Organizations are usually organized according to the functions they
perform to the extent possible so that the company can run smoothly. Softech
Foundation Pvt. Ltd. also has a functional organization structure. The structure
facilitates all the functions carried out by the whole organization. The company has
departments to facilitate the business process which also has good coordination
amongst each other. The organization has a line of authority that flows from the top to
the bottom of the organizational hierarchy however the flow of information in
organization is as follow:

1.5.4 Contact Details

Organization: Softech Foundation Pvt. Ltd

Organization Type: Private Limited.
Address: Mid-Baneshwor, Kathmandu
Email: info@softechfoundation.com

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 CHAPTER 2: ANALYSIS OF ACTIVITY DONE

2.1Internship Placement Details

2.1.1 Organization Selection

It is very important to select organization that fulfills our objectives. As it is for our
internship, it is necessary to select organization where there is learning environment
because as an intern our first motive is to learn how the works are carried out in the
real field.

The four-year degree of BSc. CSIT allows us to attain knowledge on various aspects
of Information Technology. At the same time the internship is the one of the major
highlight of the program to expose the students to the professional world. Among the
various criteria and sectors provided to us in internship prerequisite statement,
software Development Company was chosen. Various organizations were shortlisted
and approached out of which the organization with the best lucrative offer and
environment was selected. Softech Foundation Pvt. Ltd. which is located at Mid-
Baneshowr, Kathmandu, an IT company that covers software development, wired &
wireless solutions, network design and implementation, business applications
solutions and others internet related systems and I got selected there. The company
helped me gain wide experience by getting me involved in their projects.

2.1.2 Placement

During the internship tenure, the author was provided with work space in the
Development Department at the organization, not only that author was treated as
trainee staff with the access to the very information of the organization, its
organizational resources, information and equipment.

17
2.1.3 Duration

Start Date October 22 , 2017

Duration 12 weeks

Position Intern Programmer

Supervisors Mr. Amod Pudasaini

Office hour 10:30 am – 6 pm

End Date December 9, 2017

Table 1: Internship Duration

2.1.4 Roles and Responsibilities

During the internship period knowledge of various platforms and programming

languages are gained. The target was to deliver a fully-fledged web based system by
using different tools and frameworks such as Node Js, Leaflet , Vue Js etc. Hence, to
meet that objective, this internship required the extensive preliminary studies about
the core Javascript & Html/CSS before actually analyzing the actual requirement of
the system. The study was required not only to understand the subject under study but
also to realize the solutions to the existing problems and implementing the findings
from the study was another bigger challenge.

Besides study of, Core Javascript and HTML/CSS, other major activities carried out
during internship was extensive study of current system, presentations of study
analysis and practical implementations, and most importantly the team discussions to
analyze the
18
customer change request. The regular meetings with the Supervisor and discussion
with mentors helped me to wide my horizon of knowledge of the existing system and
problem background.

2.2Literature Review
Uber

Uber Technologies Inc. is a peer-to-peer ridesharing, food delivery, and

transportation network company headquartered in San Francisco, California, with
operations in 633 cities worldwide. Its platforms can be accessed via its websites and
mobile apps.Uber has been a pioneer in the sharing economy, so much so that the
changes in industries as a result of it have been referred to as Uberisation. Uber has
also been the subject of protests and legal actions and the subject of a criminal
investigation for its use of Greyball.

GPS Tracking Solution Nepal

GPS Tracking Solutions by Telematics provides real-time vehicle location along with
a detailed trip history with just a few clicks. You will be able to see when driver
breaks policy for speeding, idling, unauthorized trips and much more. We provide a
real time trail utilizing a patented technology that provides the most advanced insights
into your employee’s driving behavior.

OLA CABS

Ola provides different types of service, ranging from economic to luxury travel. The
cabs are reserved through a mobile app and the service accepts both cash and cashless
payments with Ola money. It claims to clock an average of more than 150,000
bookings per day and commands 60% of the market share in India.

In November 2014 Ola started on-demand auto rickshaw service on its mobile app in
Bangalore and Pune. It now available in 73 cities

19
Tracking System in Nepal

Many companies have started tracking vehicle project in Nepal decade ago, but the
challenges are still the same. The actual sales have not been able to start due to lack
of knowledge, awareness and online payment systems. Selling globally and inside the
country is the same in years. Tracking Systems are being developed but they have
their limitation due to hardware cost issues. In past recent years due to education,
reach to internet and smartphones being able to track the location many people in
Nepal are giving the think about tracking system. There are also many other tracking
system available like GeoMate, GPS Nepal etc and so on. But these system uses
makes its customer buy expensive hardware which is the reason why tracking system
hasn't flourished that much well.

Current Practice of Tracking System in Nepal

Many tracking system has been launched recently. Leaving the measurement of success
behind, they are now on the top list. Tracking systems like uber, ola etc generate revenues
worth millions. Peeping into the future of tracking system, launch of few large online
shopping portals was thought as milestone, everyone thought there will be a turnaround
in the e-Commerce industry in Nepal. Now having dozens of tracking system, they still
have the same problem of payment, belief of people (they still have a level of trust to
build among the visitors ) and the deployment of expensive hardware devices for accurate location.

2.3Specific Problem Analysis

2.3.1 Description of the System

The tracking system is the web and android application that allows organization to
track their vehicle. This system can be categorize to three models:

Vehicle Module (Driver Module)

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Mobile application is installed in the mobile device(Android) of the driver which
continuously sends the updated location, battery level and speed of the vehicle in
which the driver is moving. The driver can also use the billing system fixed by the
organization.

Server Module (Organization Module)

It manages and analysis the GPS data sent by the driver vial the vehicle module and
manages the queries for the organization. It contains an interactive dashboard where
the organization can sell all its vehicle location, speed of vehicle, history of vehicle
and so on.

User Model
User model is used by normal customers who can see the vehicles and book the
vehicle for their ride. They can set up their pickup location and dropup location and
can select the driver they want to travel with. User can see the current location of
driver so they can leave at the accurate time.
2.3.2 Development of Project Goals

The goal of this application is to develop a tracking system for various organization.
The system would be easy to use. The goal of this application is:

 Simply just by installing an application allowing drivers to send their real time
location update to the server by utilizing their phone that is without using
expensive GPS tracking hardwares.
 The system should allow the organization to login into their account and
create drivers username to provide it to drivers.

21
  A driver should able to notify the system when they are driving, the drive has
ended and when they bill the customer.
 The user should be able select the drivers manually.

2.4Management Strategy

A project is a temporary group activities designed to produce a unique product,

service or result. Project management is the application of knowledge, skills and
techniques to execute projects effectively and efficiently. Project management is the
discipline of planning, organizing, and controlling resources to achieve specific goals.
Project management has been necessary and important in this project. The constraints
for this project, as for most projects, have been time, cost and quality. Project
management is necessary to complete the project under these constraints and utilize
the resources properly . The goal of project management for this project was to
achieve all the project goals within specified time and cost.

Time management and cost management strategies are very important. Both of them
must be considered while doing any or the project. Likewise, it was also taken care of
during the internship project.

2.4.1 Time Management

This strategy involves brief study all the steps of Software Development Life Cycle
and assigning a deadline to complete those stages in correct time. Also ideas are made
to complete any step as fast as possible and also the most important strategy is given
more priority by analyzing them.

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2.4.2 Cost Management

Budget is one of the limited factors of the project. In this particular project
there are three kinds of budget involved. Development cost was minimal as
the PHP Programming Language is an open-source programming language.
Maintenance cost includes the maintenance of hardware and bug fix and
improvement of the system.

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 CHAPTER 3: SOLUTION DESIGN

3.1 Project Management Plan

The overall development of the system was carefully analyzed under the proper
guidance from the supervisor to make this project a grand success.

3.1.1 System Analysis

System Analysis is the process of studying an activity in order to define its goals or
purposes and to discover operations and procedures for accomplishing them most
efficiently. Analysis is defined as the procedure by which we break down an intellectual
or substantial whole into parts. Synthesis is defined as the procedure by which we
combine separate elements or components in order to form a coherent whole. Systems
analysis researchers apply methodology to the analysis of systems involved to form an
overall picture. System analysis is used in every field where there is a work of developing
something.

3.1.1.1 Feasibility Study

Feasibility analysis helps to figure out if the project will is successful of not. The
feasibility analysis should be carried out on various aspects like economic, technical,
legal and operational.

3.1.1.1.1 Technical Feasibility

Technical feasibility was to make sure that the new system would be able to work in
the existing infrastructure and integrate with the existing database. We can strongly
say that it is technically feasible, since there will not be much difficulty in getting
required resources for the development and maintaining the system as well. All the
resources needed for the development of the software as well as the maintenance of
the same is available in the organization.

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3.1.1.1.2 Economic Feasibility

In order to analyze the economic feasibility of the system, Cost/Benefit analysis is to

be carried out. This tool helps to determine the benefits that can be obtained from the
system by comparing them with the various costs. If the benefits are higher than the
cost then the system is considered to be economically feasible to be developed. Else
we can easily understand that the system is not economically feasible and certain
things are to be worked out and modified in order to acquire the desired economical
feasibility.
[12] The economic feasibility of the project was based on budget provided by the cost
estimation made by the project manager at e-Zone International Pvt. Ltd.

3.1.1.1.3 Legal Feasibility

Legal Feasibility analyzes and deals with various legal issues, contracts, policies,
laws and violations that staffs are usually unknown about. It ensures if the application
is legal to operate or not. Some systems may require license to operate. In such cases
legal feasibility needs to be checked. This was done by going through all the legal
requirements of the government of Nepal.

3.1.1.1.4 Operational Feasibility

The Operational feasibility study helps in measuring the degree to which the system
solves the problems and the extent to which it fulfills the requirements stated in the
requirements document. It helps to understand the operation of the system before and
after implementing new functionalities. It determines how well the system functions
in the operational level. The enhanced GUI feature will help the users to operate
easily and no detailed knowledge is required [13]. Therefore, it is operationally
feasible. The operational feasibility of the project was evaluated by testing its server’s
capacities and connection with the existing Database.

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3.1.1.1.5 Schedule Feasibility

All the required phases of development had to be finished within the given time
frame. The analysis and design phase required about 3 weeks of time. The effort was
reduced due to clear requirement and database. The development process required
only about one month because PHP framework allows to develop application rapidly.
[14] Testing required further two weeks. Hence the project is feasible in the
dimension of schedule.

3.1.2 System Design

The design of the system was developed keeping in mind the MVC Model. Design
covered the requirements for managing the shopping cart of the organization and tried to
integrate the different requirements of the Company [15]. Design patterns are program
structures used to solve common problems, separate concerns and improve
understandability of code among other things. The design pattern used in this system is
MVC pattern

3.1.2.1 System Architecture

They required the system to be based on the MVC (Model – View – Controller) model of
designing the system. Model-View-Controller (MVC) is a classic design pattern often
used by applications that need the ability to maintain multiple views of the same data.
The MVC pattern hinges on a clean separation of objects into one of three categories:

There are 5 basic steps in the process of intelligently rescaling the image. These basic
steps also consist of many sub steps. There might be some changes to the phases as
the source of the image change from time to time as shown above.

These steps are the basic of what happens inside of the system. Every process of
intelligently scaling the image goes through these activities.

26
3.1.3 Data Flow Diagram of Vechicle Tracking

The data flow diagram (DFD) for the Online Shopping cart System is a graphical
representation of the "flow" of data through the system, modeling its process
aspects. DFD is a preliminary step used to create an overview of the system which
can later be elaborated. DFD is used for the visualization of data processing and
structured design.

Context Level Diagram is a diagram that defines the boundary between the
system, or part of a system, and its environment, showing the entities that interact
with it. This diagram is a high level view of a system.

Figure 3: Context level diagram

30
This context diagram in figure 4 consists of user that interacts with various items
in online shopping to buy the various product items. The online shopping
application acknowledges by providing with various products and categories that
user required.

FIRST LEVEL DFD

Figure 4: First Level DFD

31
3.1.2.2Schema Diagram

3.1.2.4Use Case Diagram of Shopping Cart

Use case diagram consists of use cases and actors and shows the interaction between
them. The main purpose is to show the interaction between the use cases and the
actor. It represents the system requirement from user’s perspective. These are the
functions

that are to be performed in the module. An actor could be the end-user of the system
or an external system.

32
Figure 7: Use Case Diagram

33
CHAPTER 4: IMPLEMENTATION STRATEGIES

4.1 Testing Strategies

Software testing is a process of running with intent of finding errors in software.

Software testing assures the quality of software and represents final review of
other phases of software like specification, design, code generation etc.

4.1.1 Unit Testing

Unit testing emphasizes the verification effort on the smallest unit of software
design i.e.; a software component or module. Unit testing is a dynamic method for
verification, where program is actually compiled and executed. Unit testing is
performed in parallel with the coding phase. Unit testing tests units or modules not
the whole software.

Author has tested each view/module of the application individually. As the

modules were built up testing was carried out simultaneously, tracking out each
and every kind of input and checking the corresponding output until module is
working correctly.

4.1.2 Integration Testing

Unit testing emphasizes the verification effort on the smallest unit of software
design i.e.; a software component or module. Unit testing is a dynamic method for
verification, where program is actually compiled and executed. Unit testing is
performed in parallel with the coding phase. Unit testing tests units or modules not
the whole software.

Author has tested each view/module of the application individually. As the

modules were built up testing was carried out simultaneously, tracking out each
and every

34
kind of input and checking the corresponding output until module is working
correctly.

4.1.3 Validation testing

It provides final assurances that software meets all functional, behavioral &
performance requirement. Black box testing techniques are used. There are two
main components are:

Validation test criteria (no. in place of no. & char in place of char). Configuration
review (to ensure the completeness of s/w configuration.)

4.1.4 Test Case

SN Test case name Test Pre- Expected Outcome

Procedure
condition Result
1 Login form Create Saved user in Empty fields Success
account Database
test1 must
generate
error
2 Login form Mail not Email Email is Success
sent
test2 Address received only on
on db live site
3 Testing Android Should Almost accurate Success
contain with little
Accuracy of app on
android app fluctuation on
vechicle gps mobile and online the turning
connection
and bike
with server
ride through data
4 Success
Saving Query result Each and every History
Tracking datewise , lat, lng with 10 recording
history on time wise second interval successful
database filter
Should be
saved
5 Payment and Add new Package Billing on Success
package organization
Management org. and its
35
 Of organization and price according to the
with it total package
review and assign should be
customer new predefined
booking
packag Customer
e are charged
according
to price
decided by
the
organizatio
n

4.2 Tools Used

4.2.1 Hardware Requirement

- A Computer to run the development software.

- Internet connection.
- A mobile to run the tracking application
- Servers to host core system and database.

4.2.2 Software Requirement

- Platform: windows
- Integrate Development Environment (IDE): Sublime text 3
- Database: MongoDB
- Language: Node JS
- Web framework: WordPress 4.1

36
 CHAPTER 5: RESULT ANALYSIS

5.1 Result

The organization can track the vehicle. They can create new drivers and update
bills information. They can view the history of the vehicle. The driver can bill the
customer as per the billing standard provided by the organization. The customer
can view the available vehicles for ride. The users can book the vehicle. Then user
have to log in before booking the ride.

5.2 Critical Analysis

The tracking system in Nepal is an easy web and mobile based interface
developed for both customers and organization for easy tracking with utilizing
mobile phones. This web based system is built in Node JS in the MVC platform
and the android based system is built on JAVA and XML. It makes the tracking
reliable and efficient..

5.3 Recommendation to the internship program

The internship program launched under BSc.CSIT program is really an

appreciable step taken by the university which will surely be helpful and
beneficial to all the BSc.CSIT students to explore their knowledge furthermore.
But, the BSc.CSIT course is not application oriented. This course doesn’t deal
with equipping student’s knowledge of any application program. Students learn
about computer science, algorithms and inner working of computer system and
various architectures. What is seen is there are no such companies which offer
internship or job according to what they have learnt in four years. Whatever
companies here in Nepal, are application oriented. They built a website, mobile
app, SEO, software and web based systems etc. for their clients. There is no place
where real knowledge which we gain during four years could be fully utilized.

The course structure of BSc.CSIT is research oriented. Students have a lot of

37
knowledge for R&D (Research & Development). But the companies are not
risking taking any steps in R&D. Putting hands in R&D involve huge risk factors.
It requires huge investment and efficient manpower. It can’t be guaranteed that
the

company will sustain and will be able to compete with rest of the companies
around the globe.

The companies are just focusing into maintaining and growing their customer base
and bring more projects. Companies are involved in outsourcing jobs. The IT
market within the country is very less. There are fewer places where IT products
are sold, as the working procedure in Nepal is still traditional involving pen and
paper. So, absence companies working in computer science R&D has caused
lower exploration of our knowledge gained during four years.

38
 CHAPTER 6: CONCLUSION

The internship in Softech Foundation Pvt. Ltd. has provided a great opportunity to
enhance knowledge and skills. It helped author to gain the experience of working
in real and practical field and most importantly working in team. Moreover, it
presented an opportunity to work in the project related to author interest and
specialization. The main objective of the internship is learning the things that is
necessary to get yourself into the real field of work. This internship has enhanced
author knowledge and skills. It has given author the opportunity to understand this
industry and how the work is actually done.
To conclude, author found that the internship was very beneficial as a part of
development of career and the experience gained through this would be helpful
and beneficial for the future opportunities. Besides developing a project other
lessons are also learnt and they are as follows:
The importance of communication to coordinate the tasks. How important it is to
work in team and the way to work in team.
How to bring ideas into the implementation. How to work within the time
constraints.
The process of gathering the information that is required to develop a software.
The ‘Tracking System’ is designed to provide a web and android based
application that would make tracking easier. The organization can then view the
specification of each driver. The application can be used for any organization that
has vehicles. It is easy to use. Customers can view the vehicles that available for
booking and also can book the driver accordingly. The application is easy to use
and interactive making tracking system a recreational activity for users and
organization. It has been thoroughly tested and implemented.

39
 CHAPTER 7: REFERENCE

[1] D. a. J. G. Craig, Internship for Duminie, Center Garland Hall, January,

2010,, pp. 1-2 page.

[2] "Shopping Cart Software Review.," 23 jan 2014. [Online]. Available:

Internet: http://shopping-cart-review.toptenreviews.com/. .

[3] Interspire, " “Interspire Shopping Cart Developer Documentation”.".

[4] "ezone," [Online]. Available: http://www.ezone.com.np/.

[5] P. W. Farris, N. T. Bendle, P. E. Pfeifer and D. J. Reibstein, "Marketing

Metrics: The Definitive Guide to Measuring Marketing Performance.
Pearson Education,," (2010).

[6] M. Wasmeier, "“Shop in a Box: Funktionsweise von Online-".

[7] [Online]. Available: http://www.hcltech.com/blogs/engineering-and-rd-

services/multi-vendor-marketplace-%E2%80%93-new-trend-ecommerce.

[8] kalopati. [Online]. Available: internet: http://kalopati.com/469/the-top-e-

commerce-sites-in-nepal/ .

[9] [Online]. Available: internet:

http://issuu.com/loozarcmemag/docs/looza_rcm_emag4_low_high .

40
[10] [Online]. Available: Online-Shopping in Deutschland weit verbreitet,
Presseinformation. Berlin,
2009.http://www.bitkom.org/files/documents/BITKOM_Presseinfo_E-
Commerce_21_05_2009.pdf (accessed December 30, 2009)..

[11] "Online-Shopping in Deutschland weit verbreitet, Presseinformation.

Berlin,
2009.http://www.bitkom.org/files/documents/BITKOM_Presseinfo_E-
Commerce_21_05_2009.pdf," 2009.

[12] "[27] Sommerville, Ian (2007) Software Engineering (8th edition).

Harlow, England: Pearson Education. ISBN 0-321-31379-8.".

[13] "Benjamin S. Blanchard & Wolt Fabrycky (2010). Systems Engineering

& Analysis . 5th edition".

[14] "Young, G. I. M. (1970). Feasibility studies. Appraisal Journal 38 (3) 376-

383.".

[15] "[31] Laycock, G. T. (1993). The Theory and Practice of Specification

Based Software Testing (PostScript). Dept of Computer Science,
Sheffield University, UK. Retrieved 2008-02-13.".

[16] "[36] Trachtenberg, Adam (2004-07-15). "Why PHP 5 Rocks!". O'Reilly.

Retrieved 2008-02-22".

[17] "Bray, Tim; et al (26 November 2008). "Processing Instructions".

Extensible Markup Language (XML) 1.0 (Fifth Edition). W3C. Retrieved
2009-06-18.".

41
[18] "Joel Reyes.”PHP frameworks” Noupe Editorial Team[Online].Available:
http://www.noupe.com/php/discussing-php-frameworks.html

42
 CHAPTER 8: APPENDIX

Appendix 1: Screenshots

Shop:

Figure 8: Home screen of shop

Above figure 9 shows how the site looks after the URL is entered.

Sub Categories of item

Figure 9: Sub Categories of Item

43
Here in figure 10 the vendors can add his/her product and similarly buyer can
search his/her product in the sub categories.

Login

Figure 10: login page

In this figure 11 we can see the login page from which vendors and buyers should
login in order to carry out their task.

Selection of particular product

Figure 11: Select the product

44
In figure 12 we can see a particular item selected by a buyer inorder to buy or add
the product into his/her cart.

Checkout

Figure 12: Check out

In above figure 13, we can see the product being ready to checkout buy the buyer.

Billing Information

Figure 13: filling the Billing detail

45
In above figure 14 we can see the final process that is filling up the billing
info by the buyer.