BATCHES 145-146 PROBATIONER PHASE 2 FOCUS AREAS

MULTIPLE CHOICE

COURT DUTIES
• OATHS AND PROCLAMATIONS
Oath to be used when Swearing of Witnesses in parish court.
"I swear by Almighty God that the evidence I shall give to this court shall be the truth, the whole
truth and nothing but the truth."
AFFIRMATION of Witnesses in parish court.
"I, (Name) do solemnly, sincerely and truly declare and affirm that the evidence I shall give to
this Court, shall be the truth, the whole truth and nothing but the truth." (Every person objecting
to the taking of an oath may make an affirmation).
Opening the Parish Court
"Oyez! Oyez! Oyez! All manner of persons having anything to do or say at this Her Majesty's
Parish Court and Court of Petty Session to be held here this day before His Honour John Brown,
Judge for the parish of Portland; let them draw near and give their attendance and they shall be
heard. Oyez! Oyez! Oyez! God save the Queen."
Opening the Parish Court when the judge is from a different jurisdiction.
Oyez! Oyez! Oyez! All manner of persons having anything to do or say at this Her Majesty's
Parish Court to be held here this day before His Honour John Brown Judge for the parish of St.
Ann; now jurisdiction over the parish of Portland let them draw near and give their attendance
and they shall be heard. Oyez! Oyez! Oyez! God save the Queen."
Closing of courts
This court now stands adjourned Sine Die, or until a stated date and time

STATEMENT WRITINGS –
• ACRONYMS
Reason to take a statement
J.U.D.G.E
J – Justify action taken by the police
U – Uncover all information in possession of the witness
D – Decide what action to be taken by the police
G – Gain all available facts for the proper authority
E – Ensure proper examination of the witness
This is used to guide the investigator collecting the statement or collecting information. This is
the interview stage.
P.E.A.C.E
P – Preparation and planning
E – Engage & explain
A – Account clarification & challenge
C – Closure
E – Evaluate
This is the method of taking a statement is contained in a Box Plan (acronymn)
H.U.R.T
H - Hear the story of the witness and make notes, do not disturb unnecessarily
U - Until you are sure you are in the possession of the facts in proper sequence, do not take the
statement
R - Remember to start at the very beginning
T - Take the statement in the person’s own words providing they can be understood
This is used in recording the identification of a suspect and it is paramount in any case. This
acronymn is used to capture such detail.
A.D.V.O.K.A.T.E
A – amount of time under observation
D – distance from the eyewitness to the person/incident
V – visibility, including time of day, lighting etc.
O - obstructions
K – known or seen before
A – any reason to remember
T – time lapse
E – errors or material discrepancies
• REASON TO TAKE STATEMENT
1. J-Justify action taken by the police
2. U- Uncover all information in possession of the witness
3. D- decide what action to be taken by the police
4.G- gain all available facts for the proper authority
4. E- ensure proper examination of witness
INTERVIEWING TECHNIQUES
• ACRONYMS
P.O.L.I.T.E
• Prepare– This is where interviewer get facts relating to case, reserve area for interview,
arrange transportation. All things that might need to put in place before interview.
• Opening - Introduce self and remind the interviewee of the importance of the exercise
• Listening - actively listening to all the interviewers said do not disturb unnecessarily.
• Interviewing - This is where the interviewee asks questions to ensure the five W’s and
the H is answered. Note briefly open ending questions should be asked
• Thinking - Before ending the interview you will need to pause and think. Have I
captured all the information I need to deal with this case?
• Ending - Always end interviewing in a friendly manner. Thank interviewee for coming.
It would be a good idea to give interviewee your number to call if they remember any
else.
P.E.A.C.E
• P - Planning and preparation
• E – Engage and Explain
• A – Account Clarification and Challenge
• C - Closure
• E – Evaluation
• TYPES OF INTERVIEWEES
 •
BAIL ACT 2000
• CONDITIONS OF BAIL
Examples:
• A Surety to ensure his surrender to custody or a payment of an amount as may be
required. Section 6 (2)
• Surrender travel documents
• Report at a specified police station on specified days of the week
• SECTION 19 (2)
A surety who wishes to be released from his obligations
under a recognizance-
(a) shall apply in writing for such release to the Court by
which such recognizance was taken; and
(b) may attend before that Court for the hearing of such
application.

JUDGES RULES
• 3A/3B/4A/4B/5
Rule 3a
• Where a person is charged with or informed that he may be prosecuted for an offence he
shall be cautioned in the following refresh.
"Do you wish to say anything? You are not obliged to say anything unless you wish to do so but
whatever you say will be taken down in writing and may be given in evidence."
Rule 3b
• It is only in exceptional cases that questions relating to the offence should be put to the
accused person after he has been charged or informed that he may be prosecuted.
• Such questions may be put where they are necessary for the purpose of preventing or
minimizing harm or loss to some other person or to the public or for clearing up an
ambiguity in a previous answer or statement.
• Before any such questions are put the accused should be cautioned in the following term:
"I wish to put some questions to you about the offence with which you have been charged (or
about the offence for which you may be prosecuted). You are not obliged to answer any of these
questions, but if you do the questions and answers will be taken in writing and may be given in
evidence."
• Any questions put and answers given relating to the offence must be contemporaneously
recorded in full and the record signed by that person or if he refuses by the interrogating officer.
Rule 4a
All written statements made after caution shall be taken in the following manner:
• If a person says that he wants to make a statement, he shall be told that it is intended to
make a written record of what he says.
• He shall always be asked whether he wishes to write down himself what he wants to say; if
he says that he cannot write or that he would like someone to write it for him, a police
officer may offer to write the statement for him. If he accepts the offer the police officer
shall, before starting, ask the person making the statement to sign, or make his mark to, the
following
"I,................, wish to make a statement. I want someone to write down what I say. I have been
told that I need not say anything unless I wish to do so and that what-ever I say may be given in
evidence."
Rule 4b
• Any person writing his own statement shall be allowed to do so without any prompting as
distinct from indicating to him what matters are material.
Rule 5
• If, at any time after a person has been charged with, or has been informed that he may be
prosecuted for, an offence, a police officer wishes to bring to the notice of that person any
written statement made by another person who in respect of the same offence has also
been charged or informed that he may be prosecuted, he shall hand to that person a true
copy of such written statement, but nothing shall be said or done to invite any reply or
comment. If that person says that he would like to make a statement in reply, or starts to
say something, he shall at once be cautioned or further cautioned as prescribed by Rule 3(a).
• GUIDING PRINCIPLES
C.A.S.E.S
• C-citizens, have a duty to help the police to discover and apprehend criminals
• A-arrest, which is the only means by which the police can compel any person to remain
at the station
• S- solicitors, must be allowed to communicate and consult with his/her client privately at
any stage of the investigation
• E- evidence, whenever there is sufficient evidence to prefer a charge against any person
should be charge or informed by any person of authority. (police)
• S-statements, made by any person should be voluntary; this should not be obtained by use
of force,fear or threat, prejudice or promises by any person in authority. (police)

REPORT WRITING
• LEVELS OF REPORTING
* pocket book
*station diary
*crime diary, other diaries and logs
* formal reports
STATION RECORDS
• TYPES OF STATION RECORDS AND THEIR USE
*Station Diary- this is the number 1 book in the station and is used to record all official matters.
*Offence registry- used to record all minor offences
* traffic offence registry- used to record all traffic offences under the RTA
*prisoner charge and property book- to accurately record the Bio data of prisoners, their offence
and property in connection with the case found on him or elsewhere.
*Prisoner property book- to record all personal items taken from prisoners that are not likely to
be exhibits
*Exhibit registry- to record all particulars of exhibits that come into police custody
* General Property Registry- to record all particulars of properties that are abandoned or lost that
is not connected with an offence
*Summon/Process book- to record all warrants and subpeona recieved for service
* Firearm and ammunition register- to record all government firearms issued to persons on duty

SUDDEN DEATH INVESTIGATION

• NATURAL AND UNNATURAL CAUSES
Natural
Courses of nature - Includes all types of diseases and physical conditions.
POLICE ACTION AT Scene of a DEATH
• Proceed to the scene and satisfy yourself that there are NO SIGNS of life
• Examine the body carefully for marks of violence
• Note the position of the body i.e., how body is situated - sitting, lying etc.
• Establish identity
• Collect relevant statements.
• Cause the body to be removed to the prescribed morgue or one of the family member’s
choices. The body should be removed after being certified by a doctor.
Unnatural
Includes all causes other than diseases, or physical disorders other than by course of nature.
• The first Constable on the scene is to satisfy himself that the body is dead and shall have
command and control authority until relieved, regardless of the location, nature or extent of
the crime scene/disaster scene, and he shall:
• Take charge of the body and make certain it is not touched by by-standers
• Inform Police Emergency Contact Centre and your Sub-Officer.
• Carefully note its appearance, and everything surrounding it, also the exact position of the
body, description and condition of clothing
• Cordon off area, (Preserve footprints) and examine scene for signs of struggle
• Check for evidence, i.e. blood stains, or any other exhibits that can be taken
• If footprints are found, they should be preserved, and cordoned off so that casts can be
taken if necessary.
• Hand over the situation to Senior Officer on his arrival. All articles found there, and coming
in possession of the Police should be carefully noted, labelled and listed in notebook.
• No unauthorized person shall be permitted within the scene.
• Scenes involving establishments/business places open to the public shall be closed if access
to any part of the establishment interferes with the security of the scene.
• Carefully note the appearance of the body and everything surrounding it. Also note the
exact position of the body and condition of the clothing.
• Do not touch anything unless necessary to protect it from weather, traffic, or bystanders. If
anything is moved, carefully note and record its location before moving.
• Use the acronym (C.A.P.) ‘Common Approach Path
COMMUNITY BASE POLICING
• S.A.R.A.
• Scanning – the identifying and prioritising of potential crime and disorder problems.
• Analysis – the analysis of potential problems, by gathering information and intelligence to
identify underlying causes of the problem.
• Response – the development and implementation of tailored activities to address the causes
of the problem, as identified in the analysis phase.
• Assessment – the measurement of the impact of the response to test if it had the desired
effect and to make changes to the response if required.
POLICE PUBLIC INTERACTION POLICY
• TERMINATING INITIATED CITIZEN’S CONTACT
8.5.1 In terminating a customer initiated contact the police should:
a) Enquire if the customer is satisfied with the service;
b) Inform them of the next step(s) in the process of addressing the report;
c) Inform them of their responsibilities in the process;
d) Thank them for their report/co-operation;
e) Follow-up with a re-assuring call within seven (7) days of the report and
every fourteen (14) days until the matter is resolved.
f) All follow-up calls or meetings should be recorded on the case file and an
entry made in the Station Diary
HUMAN RIGHTS, USE OF FORCE AND FIREARM POLICY
• MEDICAL ASSISTANCE LEGAL DISCHARGE OF FIREARMS
Section 13
Ensure that medical aid is secured for any person requiring it at the earliest possible oppurtunity.
SECTION 11
• THREAT – WRITING A THREAT STATEMENT
Name:
Age
D.O.B.
Occupation
Address:
States,
Introduction: How long you have lived at the address, How long you have known the
person,description of the person
Body : On day, date and time, what happened, what they did
Conclusion: when they came to the station and made the report
Makers certificate
Declaration
Takers certificate
• PRINCIPLES AND PROCEDURE WHEN TAKING A THREAT REPORT
1). The name, address, age and occupation of the person reporting as also that of the accused
should be reported in the Station Diary, together with the nature of the threat.
2). This should be indexed “I “in red ink under the subject threat and at the back of the Station
Diary.
3). Record a Statement from the person reporting the threat.
4). Complainant should be advised to take civil action or proceedings and should also be assured
that
the person will be warned as early as possible not to carry out the threat against him or her.
5). Where the police have reasonable grounds to believe that a verbal warning will not prove
effective in preventing the offender from carrying out his threat then the officer must seek to
prosecute the offender using the supporting Legislations. These include:
-Section 3(m) of the Town and Community Act. Police Powers of Arrest as it relates to this
section is grounded in Section 4 of the said act.
“Every person who shall use any threatening or abusive calumnious language to any person
publicly or shall tend to provoke a breach of the peace; or shall use such language, accompanied
by such behaviour to any person publicly, as shall tend to breach the peace” Section 3 (m).

SECTION III
COMMUNITY POLICING
• GUIDING PRINCIPLES – 9Ps
1) Philosophy
2) Personalized
3) Policing
4) Patrols
5) Permanent
6) Place
7) Proactive
8) Partnership
9) Problem Solving
• USING GUIDING PRINCIPLES TO SOLVE CRIME (ESSAY FORMAT)
Be able to explain the nine 'P's
COURTROOM DEMEANOR AND TESTIMONY
 • PREPARING FOR TRIAL
* Preparation must begin when you first are made aware that an incident or crime has
occurred.
• Proper notations in your pocketbook
• Names, descriptions, statements made, dates and times
• Nature of incident, articles stolen, etc
• Crime scene sketches, diagrams, and exhibit locations
• Suspects arrested, application of new judges’ rules
• Interview times and locations, who present
• Signed statements and confessions received
• Exhibits and witnesses located
• Personal marks placed on exhibits for identification
• Proper recording of incident in the station diary and/or other logs and diaries
NEW JUDGES RULES –
GUIDING PRINCIPLES –C.A.S.E.S.
• C-citizens, have a duty to help the police to discover and apprehend criminals
• A-arrest, which is the only means by which the police can compel any person to remain
at the station
• S- solicitors, must be allowed to communicate and consult with his/her client privately at
any stage of the investigation
• E- evidence, whenever there is sufficient evidence to prefer a charge against any person
should be charge or informed by any person of authority. (police)
• S-statements, made by any person should be voluntary; this should not be obtained by use
of force,fear or threat, prejudice or promises by any person in authority. (police)
BAIL ACT 2000
• CIRCUMSTANCES WHEN BAIL MAY BE DENIED FOR OFFENCE (S)
PUNISHABLE WITH IMPRISONMENT
• 4(1) Fail to surrender to custody;
• 4(1) Commit an offence while on bail; or
• 4(1) Interfere with witnesses or otherwise obstruct the course of justice, whether in relation
to himself or any other person;
• 4(1)(b) The defendant is in custody in pursuance of the sentence of a Court or any authority
acting under the Defence Act.
• 4(1)(c) The Court is satisfied that it has not been practicable to obtain sufficient information
for the purpose of taking the decisions required by this section for want of time since the
institution of the proceedings against the defendant.
• 4(1)(d &e) The defendant, having been released on bail in or in connection with the
proceedings for the offence, is arrested in pursuance of section 14 (absconding by person
released on bail);
• 4(1)(d &e) The defendant is charged with an offence alleged to have been committed while
he was released on bail.
• 4(1)(f) The defendant's case is adjourned for inquiries or a report and it appears to the Court
that it would be impracticable to complete the inquiries or make the report without keeping
the defendant in custody.
• 4(2) In deciding whether or not any of the circumstances specified in subsection (1) (a) exists
in relation to any defendant, the Court, a Justice of the Peace or police officer shall take into
account-
(a) the nature and seriousness of the offence;
(b) the defendant's character, antecedents, association and community ties
(c) the defendant's record with regard to the fulfilment of his obligations under previous
grants of bail;
(d) except in the case of a defendant whose case is adjourned for inquiries or a report, the
strength of the evidence of his having committed the offence or having failed to surrender
to custody
(e) whether the defendant is a repeat offender, that is to say, a person who has been
convicted on three previous occasions for offences which are punishable with imprisonment;
or
(f) any other factor which appears to be relevant including the defendant's health profile.
• 4(3) Bail may be denied to a defendant who is charged with or convicted of an offence
punishable with imprisonment if the Court, a Justice of the Peace or police officer is satisfied
that the defendant should be kept in custody for his own protection or: where he is a child or
young person, for his own welfare
JCF DIVERSITY POLICY
• SCOPE OF THE POLICY
This policy and standard operating procedure apply to all sworn and unsworn members of the
JCF and rural police. It encompasses all victims of crimes,accused, witnesses or any concerned
citizen who come in contact with the police, irrespective of individuality or grouping. It also
extends to the general community since the JCF has a role to educate the community about
prejudice- related violence as part of its crime prevention and reduction strategy.
CUSTOMER SERVICE
• B.L.A.S.T
• B – Believe: The cornerstone of customer complaint
• L – Listen: Stop and listen to your customers complaint
• A – Apologize: Always apologize even if you did nothing wrong
• S – Satisfy: Ask the customer “what can I do to make it right?
• T – Thank: At the beginning, In the middle and at the end
STATEMENT WRITING
• P.E.A.C.E.
• P-Planning & Preparation
• At this stage you will essentially be organizing/developing your interview.
• Consider among other things the most appropriate/expedient venue to conduct the
interview.
• Ensure that all appropriate materials are obtained (to include pens, note pad, and foolscap).
• You would usually have some knowledge of the case prior to conducting the interview.
• Formulate questions that you need to ask.
• In cases where you are preparing for duty, think of the likely things you will encounter and
ensure you are adequately prepared. (e.g., Station guard must have
pens/notebook/foolscaps, etc. Review Force Policies).
• E-Engage and explain
• Introduce yourself and attempt to develop a rapport with the interviewee.
• Try to make him/her comfortable to give you information.
• Develop a level of trust.
• Explain what you will be doing.
• What will happen during and after the interview.
• In cases where reports are made on the road, you may not be able to engage and explain
until a brief account of the incident is given.
• A-Account
• The interviewee’s recollection of events of interest will be obtained.
• The fullest possible account is desired here.
• This is where the interviewer will begin to take notes.
• Adhere to principles of proper note taking.
• Notes must be structured and should not be disposed of.
• As best as possible take notes in the makers own words.
• C-Closure
• Ask the witness to sign each topic and each page of your notes. This will build integrity in the
event they should come under scrutiny in court.
• You have now completed the interview.
• You may now break and convert your notes into a statement.
• E-Evaluate
• At this stage, you fully assess the interview, your notes, and the witness statement.
• Were the objectives met?
• Decide whether any further interview is required, or statement is required.
COURT DUTIES
• COLLECTION OF FINES AND COSTS
*The duty of the Constable (or Sub-Officer) in charge of collecting fines and court costs
consists of accepting payment, recording the receipt of such payments, and making out
receipts.
• Calling witnesses. (Repeat the names of witnesses and defendants read by the Clerk of the
Court when they are being called to testify to respond to the court)
• Maintaining the court book and recording the results of cases brought before the court
• Recording the names of S.O.S. and men who attended court
• Preparing witness expense forms for Crown Witnesses
• Maintaining control over all commitments for convicted prisoners and warrants for
safekeeping of prisoners remanded in custody.
• Ensuring that the jury list is displayed in each courthouse and station
• You may be called upon to swear witnesses and Constables who are going to guard juries
while they are deliberating.