Police = The governmental

department charged with the

regulation and control of the
affairs of a
community, now chiefly the
department established to maintain
order, enforce the law, and prevent
and
detect crime. (French word)
COMPARATIVE = an estimate of
relative likeness or unlikeness of
two objects or event
GLOBALIZATION
= package of transnational flow of
people, production, investment,
information, ideas and authority.
= growing interpenetration of
states, markets, communication
and ideas.
= The process of creating
transnational markets, politics,
and legal systems in an effort
to form and
sustain a global economy.
EFFECTS OF GLOBALIZATION
to Law Enforcement
= law enforcers are
expected to be the protector of
the people…….unaccountable
flow of
migration and open markets
present new threats to state-
based human rights regimes –
great
challenge to law en
Police = The governmental
department charged with the
regulation and control of the
affairs of a
community, now chiefly the
department established to maintain
order, enforce the law, and prevent
and
detect crime. (French word)
COMPARATIVE = an estimate of
relative likeness or unlikeness of
two objects or event
GLOBALIZATION
= package of transnational flow of
people, production, investment,
information, ideas and authority.
= growing interpenetration of
states, markets, communication
and ideas.
= The process of creating
transnational markets, politics,
and legal systems in an effort
to form and
sustain a global economy.
EFFECTS OF GLOBALIZATION
to Law Enforcement
= law enforcers are
expected to be the protector of
the people…….unaccountable
flow of
migration and open markets
present new threats to state-
based human rights regimes –
great
challenge to law en
Police = The governmental department charged with the regulation and control of the affairs of
a

community, now chiefly the department established to maintain order, enforce the law, and prevent
and

detect crime. (French word)

COMPARATIVE = an estimate of relative likeness or unlikeness of two objects or event

GLOBALIZATION

= package of transnational flow of people, production, investment, information, ideas and authority.

= growing interpenetration of states, markets, communication and ideas.

= The process of creating transnational markets, politics, and legal systems in an effort to form
and

sustain a global economy.

EFFECTS OF GLOBALIZATION to Law Enforcement

= law enforcers are expected to be the protector of the people…….unaccountable flow of

migration and open markets present new threats to state-based human rights regimes – great

challenge to law enforcement.

Threats to Law Enforcement

▪ increasing volume of human rights violations as evidence by genocide and mass killing

▪ conflict between nations

▪ Transnational criminal networks for drug trafficking, money laundering, terrorism

TYPES OF POLICE SYSTEM

1. Common Law Systems = usually exists in English speaking countries of the world

= there is strong adversarial system and rely upon oral system of evidence in which the public

trial is a main focal point

= also known as “Anglo-American Justice”

2. Civil Law Systems = distinguished by strong inquisitorial system where less right is granted to the

accused and the written law is taken as gospel and subject to little interpretation

= also known as “Continental Justice or Romano-Germanic Justice”

3. Socialist System = distinguished by procedures designed to rehabilitate the offender.

= known as Marxist-Leninist Justice and exist in places such as Africa and Asia

4. Islamic System = based more on the concept of natural justice or customary law or tribal traditions

THEORIES OF POLICE SERVICE

Continental = is the theory of police service which maintains that police officers are servants of

higher authorities. This theory prevails in the continental countries like France, Italy and Spain.

Home Rule = the theory of police service which states tha

Civil order control = is not organizationally separated from deviance control but is performed by
regular street police in the country of England and United States.

EVOLUTION OF POLICING SYSTEM

▪ Praetorian guards = military bodies who serve as guardians of peace in ancient Rome in which

the idea of policing said to have originated

▪ Officer de la Paix = a French term which claimed to be the origin of the term Police Officer

1. Anglo-Saxon Period of Policing System (Ancient England)

A. Tun Policing System

A system of policing emerged during the Anglo-Saxon period whereby all male residents

were required to guard the town (tun) to preserve peace and protect the lives and properties of the

people.

About 700 AD, the people living in England in small rural towns used the Anglo-Saxon

System. Ten families in a town (tun) equaled a tithing. Each tithing elected a leader who was known

as the Tithingman. Since 10 tithings amounted to 100, the leader of the 100 families was named the

reeve. Both the tithingman and reeve were elected officials. They possessed judicial power as well

as police authority.

B. Hue and Cry

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= made up of eight constables who also investigated crimes handed over to them by the

volunteer constables and watchmen

1798 = Marine Police Force was established, salaried constables were being paid by local

magistrates.

= initially made up of 220 Constables assisted by 1,000 registered dock workers, and was

responsible for preventing the theft of cargo. = widely regarded as being the first modern police force

in the world, in the sense that they were not government controlled and were responsible for
the

prevention of crime.

LONDON 1829

Sir Robert Peel = appointed as Home Secretary in 1822

METROPOLITAN POLICE = organized in 1829 by Sir Robert Peel (Metropolitan Police Act of 1829)

= the largest of the police services that operate in greater London (the others include the City of

London Police and the British Transport Police)

= finest police force around the world.

TOTAL POLICING = motto of London Metropolitan Police

IMPORTANT DATES

▪ 1833 = Coldbath Fields Riot (Grays Inn Road). A major crowd disturbance dealt with by the

Metropolitan Police with controversial use of force.

▪ 1836 = The Metropolitan Police absorb the Bow Street Horse Patrol into its control.

▪ 1838 = incorporates Marine Police and Bow Street Runners into the Metropolitan Police and

the disbandment of the Bow Street Office and other Offices. These were all agreed and put into

effect.
Administration Policing Principles of London Metropolitan Police

1. Stable and effective civil police under government control

2. Absence of crime is the best proof of efficiency

3. Fast distribution of crime news to the police is essential.

▪ Commissioner = highest rank in the Metropolitan Police

▪ Police Constable = lowest rank

Contributions of the French in Policing

▪ Assigning house numbers

▪ Installing street lights

▪ Use of police ambulances

▪ Use of warrant card and ID signifying the authority to arrest

UNITED STATES POLICING SYSTEM

TYPES OF US POLICE

1. Municipal Police = includes village, township, city and country police departments, sheriff

departments.

Types of Local Police

a. Country Sheriff = in charged with the operation of county jail, civil function such as service of

eviction notices and other court orders and police responsibility.

b. City Police = most common local police organization. It has jurisdiction in matters that occur

in an incorporated municipality.

2. State Police = includes special investigative agencies that concentrate on statewide law enforcement
3. Federal Police = agencies operated by federal government at the national level.

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2. Logistics Department = has the role to provide several equipments needed in RMP

▪ 3. Criminal Investigation Division = deals with the investigation, arrest and prosecution of

hard crimes (murder, robbery, rape etc) and petty crimes (theft, house-breaking etc).

= This department also specializes in gambling, vice and secret societies (triads)

Branches of Criminal Investigation Division

▪ D1 – Administrative Division

▪ D2 – Criminal Record Registration

▪ D3 – Internal Affairs

▪ D4 – Statistics

▪ D5 – Prosecution and Law Divisions

▪ D6 – Technical Assistance Division

▪ D7 – Gambling / Vice / Secret Societies

▪ D8 – Investigation Division / Planning

▪ D9 – Special Investigation Division

▪ D10 – Forensic Laboratory Division

▪ D11 – Sexual Investigation Division

▪ D12 – National Centre Bureau-Interpol Division

4. Narcotics Criminal Investigation Division = this department's function is to fight against

dangerous drugs by enforcing the law to stop and reduce the demand and supply of dangerous drugs.

5. Internal Security and Public Order Department = responsible for traffic control and Search &

Rescue (SAR) operations

6. The Police Field Force (PFF) = organized in battalions and was a para-military units of the Royal

Malaysia Police. Also known as the Jungle Squad

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7. Purple Notice – issued to provide information on modus operandi, objects, devices and

concealment methods used by criminals.

8. INTERPOL–United Nations Security Council Special Notice – is issued for individuals and

entities that are subject to UN sanctions.

The following are channels of global bilateral and multilateral international cooperation against

transnational crime:

 Global multi-lateral cooperation via Interpol;

 Bilateral police cooperation agreements with individual states;

 European multilateral cooperation via Europol.

*System of policing that serves as a grass root approach to bring the people and the police together in

cooperative manners:
 Problem Oriented Policing

 Community Oriented Policing

 Cooperative Policing

 Team Policing

INTERPOL’s FOUR CORE FUNCTIONS

1. Secure Global Police Communications Services

INTERPOL developed the I-24/7 global police communications system to exchange crucial data

quickly and securely is a cornerstone of effective international law enforcement.

2. Operational Data Services and Databases for Police