5 Health concepts

1. Health is a state of physical, mental and social well-being, with the ability to function, and not just the absence of
illnesses or diseases.
2. Health is a state of complete physical, mental and social well-being; and not just the absence of illness or disease. A
more dynamic definition of health is the achievement of the highest level of physical, mental, and social well-being and the
ability to function permitted by the social factors in which the individual and the community live immersed.
3. "Health is measured by the impact that a person can receive without compromising their way of life. Thus, the system
of life becomes a criterion of health." "A healthy person is one who can live his unconfessed dreams fully."...Moshé
Feldenkrais
4. "Health is primarily a measure of each person's ability to do or become what they want to be."...René Dubos
5. "Health is the dynamic balance of risk factors between the environment and within certain parameters."...John De
Saint

Define the dimensions of the term health: Mental, Physical and Social

Mental health

Mental health is a concept that refers to the emotional and psychological well-being of the individual. Merriam-
Webster defines mental health as: “the state of emotional and psychological well-being in which an individual can use his
or her cognitive and emotional abilities, function in society, and meet the ordinary demands of daily life.”
According to the WHO, there is no official definition of mental health. Cultural differences, subjective evaluations,
and competing professional theories make it difficult to define "mental health." In general, most experts agree that mental
health and mental illness are not mutually exclusive. In other words, the absence of a recognized mental disorder is not
necessarily an indicator of mental health (probably due to ignorance of the great variety of mental states yet to be defined,
and the young age of medical science in general such as We know it today, and especially from the science that tries to
more accurately define these disorders or health-disease complexes, which is psychiatry).

Physical Health: consists of the good physiological functioning of the body; that is, when physical functions develop
normally. Physical health keeps us fit and physically ready for mechanical activity and work.
Individuals who enjoy physical health have a normal development of weight and table according to age; They
have shiny hair, bright eyes, healthy teeth and smooth, spotless skin. It is necessary to dedicate one or two hours a day to
playing sports and doing physical exercises; These activities develop the body, improving height and strengthening the
spirit, encompassing the well-being of the individual.
Since the person begins to acquire education, one of the branches that is present in this is Physical Education,
which is a Pedagogical process that aims to educate man through sport, recreation and the different means and methods
of training of all your physical, moral and intellectual resources.
The fundamental purposes of Physical Education are intended to emphasize mainly to generate or promote good
physical health in the individual. At the individual level, Physical Education contributes to preserving and improving health,
in addition to providing a healthy occupation of free time and better resisting the inconveniences of modern life. This
subject, implemented in the educational system, is of utmost importance for the individual, since it helps to develop
naturalness, spontaneity and creativity, exercises the will and the ability to perform, and also promotes self-discipline, self-
improvement and balance. which contribute to fostering joy, satisfaction and a feeling of self-relation.
At the community level, it enriches social relationships and develops the sporting spirit that, beyond sport itself, is
essential for life in society.
Social Health : Social change, the resolution of problems in human relationships and the strengthening and liberation of
people to increase well-being through the use of theories of human behavior and social systems in which people interact
with their environment.

Health according to the World Health Organization

"Health is a state of complete physical, mental and social well-being, and not merely the absence of disease or
infirmity." The quote comes from the Preamble of the Constitution of the World Health Organization, which was adopted
by the International Sanitary Conference, held in New York from June 19 to July 22, 1946, signed on July 22, 1946 by the
representatives of 61 States (Official Records of the World Health Organization, No. 2, p. 100), and entered into force on
April 7, 1948. The definition has not been modified since 1948.

20 Terms related to Health

Pathogen : microorganism or virus that causes infectious diseases.

Food : natural product that we voluntarily digest for certain hours taking into account cultural and social guidelines.
External Barrier : means of defense against pathogens.

Biological Barrier (bacteria found in the intestinal and vaginal flora.

Mechanical Barrier : (external layer of the epidermis, the hair of the external part of the ear canal and the mucosa.

Chemical Barrier : (saliva, sweat, tears and gastric juices)

Immune Cells : leukocytes that defend us from pathogens.

Direct Contagion: it is transmitted through blood or body secretions (semen in sexual contagion)

Indirect Contagion: occurs thanks to a transmitter (water or food in poor condition)

Balanced Diet: a way of eating that covers all the energy, structural and regulatory needs of the body, without excess or
lack of any nutrient. This is achieved by taking certain amounts of certain types of foods.

Disease : alteration of the normal activity of the body.

Infectious Disease : alteration of the body produced by a microorganism or a virus.

Non-Infectious Disease : disorder caused by the body itself (disorders of the circulatory or respiratory system or cancer)

Lymph nodes : they are dedicated to accumulating leukocytes.

T lymphocytes : they directly destroy the agents that have penetrated our body.

B lymphocytes: create proteins that bind and cancel the function of pathogens that have managed to enter our interior.

Medicine: substance used for the cure or prevention of diseases.

Bone Marrow : dedicated to the formation of leukocytes.

Nutrient : chemical substance found in food that is needed by the body's cells to carry out vital functions.

Lymphoid organs : bone marrow and lymph nodes.

Health : complete state of physical, mental, and social well-being, not just the absence of disorders and diseases.

Immune System : mechanism responsible for the relationship with the outside world (reaction to different stimuli)

Vaccine: prevention of infectious diseases, vaccines are composed of the microorganism itself or the virus itself but
inactive so that the body itself creates the necessary defenses to fight against that same virus if it arrives with greater
intensity.

Institutions of the Venezuelan State that deal with Prevention and Health Promotion

Organizations that are responsible for occupational health

National Organizations
 INPSASEL (National Institute for Prevention, Health and Occupational Safety)
 IVSS (Venezuelan Institute of Social Security)
 MPPS (Ministry of Popular Power for Health)
 MPPTSS (Ministry of Popular Power for Labor and Social Security)
 MPPA (Ministry of Popular Power for the Environment)
 INCES (National Institute for Socialist Training and Education)
 COVENIN (Venezuelan Commission of Industrial Standards)
 CVPA (Venezuelan Accident Prevention Council)
 AVHO (Venezuelan Association of Occupational Hygienists)
 Fire brigade

International organizations
 ILO (International Labor Organization)
 WHO (World Health Organization)
 OPS (Pan American Health Organization)
 ISSA (International Social Security Association)
 NIOSH (United States National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health)
 OSHA (United States Occupational Safety and Health Administration)
 AIHI (International Association for Industrial Hygiene)

Functions of the Teacher in prevention and Health Promotion

* The teacher must serve as a guide and counselor for his students, that is, he must give them in the classroom the
necessary tools for their protection and care, both physical and mental, this will occur through daily activities.
* The teacher must explain to the children the dangers that certain activities contain: for example, you should not run or
fidget after eating, since this will cause vomiting or abdominal pain because you have not digested.
* The teacher must be preventive in the use of objects such as: traca-traca, bowling pin or whirligig, ball or balls, among
others, in the classroom. This results in the distraction of children, also in cases of fights between them, these objects
associate frequent blows with craniocerebral (head) trauma.
* Guide them through daily content on the prevention of diseases and viruses. Such as: dengue, malaria, cholera, AIDS,
among others.
* You must do School Road Safety Programs. Like traffic signs, teach them when and how they should use them.
Respect speed limits and other road traffic regulations.

* Carry out campaigns against alcohol and drug consumption in adolescents and adults.
* You must be instructed in controlled learning of any physical activity. Since if they misuse the activities or if they abuse
them excessively, this will have consequences such as accelerated heart rates, pain in the extremities, sprains of the
arms, legs and neck. Among other.
* You must instruct preventive measures and warnings to the student in case they consume medications or any type of
chemicals at home or in their environment.
* Do not allow the child to have access to knives or firearms.
* Care of your personal appearance. With emotional stability. Self-confidence, firm and with self-esteem.
* Manifestations of an adult that emphasizes love and everyday respect, with a high capacity for expressing feelings,
with great sensitivity and social interaction.
* Expressiveness, with the capacity for verbal, physical and written communication; coupled with the ability to listen.
* Ability to give and receive affection, in order to contribute to the development of the emotional intelligence of children
and other people with whom they interact in their professional work.
* Patience, sensitivity, joy and spontaneity in your daily work.
* Empathy, which favors the understanding of others and the effective addressing of individual differences.
* Congruence in your feelings, thoughts and actions.
* Ability to accept and formulate criticism, which implies a condition of humility and flexible thinking that allows self-
evaluation and adequate assessment of the work of others.
* Awareness of the will and self-discipline to fulfill and collaborate in the assigned tasks.
* Willingness to make decisions with autonomy, independence and self-responsibility, enhance personal development,
and, consequently, encourage it in the child.
* Provide ethical, moral, social and cultural conduct consistent with national, regional and local values, which enables
them to promote it.
* Equity and guarantee of social justice.
* Commitment to the legal, civil, criminal, ethical and moral responsibility that an activity associated with the assessment
of the human condition entails.
* Awareness of your vocation to practice your profession.
* Valuation of your personal growth, as the opportunity to constantly improve yourself. This implies raising awareness of
the transformative power of lifelong learning as a tool to provide relevant responses to the demands of their environment,
but particularly to the intention of managing the quality of child care.
* Being critical, reflective and permanently transforming your daily pedagogical practice. Acute observer of the
development process of children, their progress and limitations.
* Consistency when setting limits on children's actions.
* Awareness and responsibility, both for oneself and for the physical, social and cultural reality that surrounds one.
* Respect, consideration and consideration in your relationship with the adults and children with whom you share.
* Ability to establish a position on the model of society and on the person one wishes to educate, which is why it must be
managed with democratic principles.
 * Be a model and promoter of principles and values that exalt civic consciousness and promote democratic coexistence
in the family and in society.
* Awareness that working with the family is part of its function, which is why it owes action on the community, to which
the school and the children belong, as a substantial fact of its mission.
* Sensitivity to perceiving your environment, realizing what is happening, a strength that can help you detect and solve
personal and educational problems in time. The preventive work of the teacher is found in this condition.
* Every institution should at least have a Home Emergency Kit that contains: bandages, gauze, non-adhesive dressings,
cotton packets, a sling, pain relievers and fever medications, topical antibiotics, sweat absorbent tapes, hydrogen
peroxide , topical anesthetic spray, syrup of ipecac, a thermometer, and bandage scissors. You should also have the
telephone numbers of emergency doctors.

Main Causes of Disability, Morbidity and Mortality in Venezuela

Child Population (under 1 year old):

Diarrheal Diseases.
Respiratory diseases.
Low birth weight.

Women of childbearing age (15-49 years):

Anemia. Adolescent Population (10-24 years):
- Psycho-social and family problems. Alcoholism.
Drug addiction.
Suicidal attempts.

Older Adults (60 years and older):

 Arterial hypertension.
 Mellitus diabetes.
 Flu syndrome.
 Urinary infections.
 Rheumatoid arthritis.

Indigenous population:
 Tuberculosis.
 Malaria.
 Parasitic diseases.
 Malnutrition.
 Diarrhea.
 Respiratory diseases.