“A STUDY TO ASSESS THE EFFECTIVENESS OF COMPUTER

ASSISTED TEACHING PROGRAMME REGARDING KNOWLEDGE

AND ATTITUDE ON SELFIE SYNDROME AMONG ADOLOSCENTS AT
SELECETD INTERMEDIATE COLLEGES, GUNTUR.”

BY

REG.NO: 21N304024003

M.SC NURSING II YEAR

SIMS COLLEGE OF NURSING

GUNTUR, ANDHRA

PRADESH

Dr. YSR UNIVERSITY OF HEALTH SCIENCES

GUNADALA, VIJAYAWADA
“A STUDY TO ASSESS THE EFFECTIVENESS OF COMPUTER
ASSISTED TEACHING PROGRAMME REGARDING KNOWLEDGE
AND ATTITUDE ON SELFIE SYNDROME AMONG ADOLOSCENTS AT
SELECETD INTERMEDIATE COLLEGES, GUNTUR.”

BY

REG.NO: 21N304024003
M.SC NURSING II YEAR

SIMS COLLEGE OF

NURSING GUNTUR, ANDHRA

PRADESH

Dr. YSR UNIVERSITY OF HEALTH SCIENCES,

GUNADALA, VIJAYAWADA
“A STUDY TO ASSESS THE EFFECTIVENESS OF COMPUTER
ASSISTED TEACHING PROGRAMME REGARDING KNOWLEDGE
AND ATTITUDE ON SELFIE SYNDROME AMONG ADOLOSCENTS AT
SELECETD INTERMEDIATE COLLEGES, GUNTUR.”

BY

REG.NO: 21N304024003
M.SC NURSING II
YEAR

SIMS COLLEGE OF NURSINGGUNTUR, ANDHRA

PRADESH
Dr. YSR UNIVERSITY OF HEALTH SCIENCES, GUNADALA, VIJAYAWADA

SIGNATURE OF THE EXTERNAL EXAMINER:

SIGNATURE OF THE EXTERNAL EXAMINER:

“A STUDY TO ASSESS THE EFFECTIVENESS OF COMPUTER
ASSISTED TEACHING PROGRAMME REGARDING KNOWLEDGE
AND ATTITUDE ON SELFIE SYNDROME AMONG ADOLOSCENTS AT
SELECETD INTERMEDIATE COLLEGES, GUNTUR.”

BY

REG.NO. 21N304024003
MSC NURSING II ND YEAR

RESEARCH GUIDE
Prof. Mr. Srinivasan
Associate professor cum Principal

Dept. of Psychiatry Nursing

Sims college of nursing,
Guntur

SUBMITTED TO Dr. YSR UNIVERSITY OF HEALTH SCIENCES, GUNADALA,

VIJAYAWADA
PARTIAL FULFILLMENT REQUIREMENT FOR THE DEGREE OF M.Sc. (Nursing)
AT

SIMS COLLEGE OF NURSING

GUNTUR, ANDHRA
PRADESH
 BONAFIED CERTIFICATE

This is to certify that the project entitled “A STUDY TO ASSESS THE

EFFECTIVENESS OF COMPUTER ASSISTED TEACHING
PROGRAMME REGARDING KNOWLEDGE AND ATTITUDE ON
SELFIE SYNDROME AMONG ADOLOSCENTS AT SELECETD
INTERMEDIATE COLLEGES, GUNTUR.” A.P. is a bonafied work done by
Ms. Alekhya.U Reg.No. 21N304024003 in her specialty psychiatry nursing at
sims college of nursing, Guntur, partial fulfillment requirement for the degree of
M.Sc. (Nursing)

Signature ……………………….
Mrs.T. Pouleena Reddy
M.Sc. (N), MBA (HM), Ph
D

Principal
SIMS College of Nursing, Guntur
 BONAFIED CERTIFICATE

This is to certify that the project entitled “A STUDY TO ASSESS THE

EFFECTIVENESS OF COMPUTER ASSISTED TEACHING
PROGRAMME REGARDING KNOWLEDGE AND ATTITUDE ON
SELFIE SYNDROME AMONG ADOLOSCENTS AT SELECETD
INTERMEDIATE COLLEGES, GUNTUR.” A.P. is a bonafied work done by
Ms. Alekhya.U Reg.No. 21N304024003 in her specialty psychiatry nursing at
sims college of nursing, Guntur, partial fulfillment requirement for the degree of
M.Sc. (Nursing)

Signature ……………………….

RESEARCH GUIDE
Prof. Mr. Srinivasan
Associate professor cum Principal

Dept. of Psychiatry Nursing

Sims college of nursing,
Guntur
BONAFIED CERTIFICATE
 ABSTRACT

1. Nurses truly are a blessing in disguise. They provide support and love to those
who need it the most, are selfless and kind, have an enormous heart, and are
strong-willed individuals who put others before themselves. Statement of the
problem: “A study to assess the effectiveness ofstructured teaching programme
on knowledge regarding bronchial asthma and its prevention among industrial
workers at selected industries, Guntur.” Objectives: To assess the pre test and
post test knowledge score regarding the prevention of bronchial asthma among
industrial workers in both experimental group and control group. To determine
the effectiveness of structured teaching program on knowledge score regarding
the prevention of bronchial asthma among industrial workers in both
experimental group and control group. To compare pretest and Post test
knowledge score of the industrial workers in both experimental group and
control group. To find out association between post test knowledge score of
industrial workers regarding prevention of bronchial asthma selected
demographic variables.
Research methodology: a quasi-experimental design, one group pretest and
post test approach was done among student nurses on knowledge regarding
bronchial asthma and its prevention was selected for the study by simple random
sampling technique. Major finding of the study the ‘t’ value for the experimental
group knowledge on pretest and post test approach 19.267 was significant at
0.05%level independent ‘t’ value for control group knowledge on pretest and
post test approach 1.270 not significant. The independent ‘t’ value for the
experimental group practice on pretest and post test approach 0.104was
significant at 0.05% level and independent ‘t’ value for control group practice on
pretest and post test approach 1.27 was not significant. Level and independent
‘t’ value for control group attitude on pretest and post test approach 20.38 was
significant Hypothesis there is a significant difference between in pretest and
post test knowledge,
regarding bronchial asthma and its prevention in one group pretest and post test
design. Hence the hypothesis was accepted conclusion: the study conducted that
the knowledge on bronchial asthma and its prevention was effective and
improved the level of knowledge regarding bronchial asthma and its prevention.
 INDEX

ChapterNo
Page No.
Contents
1-5
1 INTRODUCTION

Need for the study 6-9

Statement of the problem 10

Objectives 10

Hypothesis 11

Operational definitions 12

Assumptions 12

Delimitations 13

Conceptual frame work 13-15

11. Review of literature 16-29

Studies related to Knowledge and attitude on selfie

syndrome among adoloscents
III Research methodology 30-40

Research approach 30

Research design 31

Setting of the study 32

Population 32

Sample and sample size 33

Sampling technique 33

Sampling criteria 34

Inclusive criteria 34

Exclusive criteria 34

Variables of the study 34

Development and description of the tool 35

Score interpretation 36

Validity and reliability 37

Ethical consideration 38

Pilot study 38

Data collection procedure 38-39

Plan for data analysis

40
IV Analysis and interpretation 43-87
V Discussion 88-93

Summary 94

Major findings of the study 95-98

Implications 99

VI Recommendations 100

Limitations 101

Conclusion 101-103
104-108
Bibliography
 LIST OF FIGURES

FIGURE TITLE PAGE

NO NO

1.1 Conceptual frame work 15

3.1 Diagrammatic representation of the research design 41

The percentage distribution of subjects based on

4.1a 51
age
The percentage distribution of subjects based on
4.1b 52
Gender
The percentage distribution of subjects based on
4.1c 53
Year of Education
The percentage distribution of subjects based on
4.1d 54
Branch/Group
The percentage distribution of subjects based on
4.1e 55
Residence
The percentage distribution of subjects based on
4.1f 56
Family income
The percentage distribution of subjects based on
4.1g 57
Most frequently used social media
The percentage distribution of subjects based on
4.1h 58
Previous knowledge on selfie syndrome
The percentage distribution of subjects based on
4.1i 59
Source of information
4.2 The percentage distribution of subjects based on 61
level of knowledge and attitude in Experimental
group

4.3 The percentage distribution of subjects based on

62
level of knowledge and attitude in Control Group
 LIST OF ANNEXURES

PAGE
APPENDIX TITLE
NO

1 Letter seeking permission to conduct pilot study 1-II

2 Letter granting permission to conduct study III-IV

3 Letter seeking expert opinion for content validity V

4 Certificate for validation VI-VIII

5 Certificate of English editing IX-X

Data collection tool

Demographic variables
6 Practice and attitude check list XI-XXIV

7 Photographs XXV
 CHAPTER-1
INTRODUCTION
“Live in the moment, not in the cloud
- Ron Willey

Technology is an indispensable part of our daily life, and it is impossible to

neglect its impact on human life. The advent of technological advances has looked to
a new realm of medical disorders termed “behavioral addictions” which are now
emerging as psychiatric disorders for the future. Mobile phone addiction or smartphone
addiction has been reported in literature across many studies worldwide.[3] It has
been noted across studies that adolescents are more prone to behavioral addictions
than adults and people in middle age.
Selfie is a self-generated, self-selected picture to communicate the transitory
message about self at a particular moment in time taken to be immediately to others
via social India networks. For adolescent’s selfie become an online tool to explore
and discover their identity throughout identity formation phase. Selfie is a self-
generated and self-selected documentation to communicate the transitory message
about on self at particular moment in time, typically taken with the use of smart
phones and web cams for the purpose of immediate distribution to others via social
media networks.
According research 91% of photos posted by teenagers are selfies an increase
compared to 79% in the same finding also reveals that a research on other, social
networking site a photo sharing online application, retrieves over 23 million
photos uploaded with selfie. Taking a picture of our self without the help of others
hasn’t been that big of a deal until selfies same into existence. In the past three years,
a great number of individuals practiced the trend of taking and posting selfies. Selfies
become a very interesting topic for researchers to study and examine because since
2012, the rate of usage of selfie reportedly increased by 17,000%.
 Smart phones have become a necessary evil in our lives. Selfies have become
newest technological fad to take over the adolescents, due to wide and easy
availability of mobile phones. A selfie is a self-portrait photograph, typically taken
with a digital camera or camera phone held in the hand or supported by a selfie
stick. Selfies are often shared on social networking service such as Facebook,
Instagram and Twitter.
Last two decades were known for computer addiction and internet addiction
disorders. Smart phone has included in our daily life without which we cannot
survive. Many of today generation Smart phone are equipped with high resolution
camera, which we call it as “selfie " camera. Though people were fond of taking
photographs of their own and others but with selfie camera it has led to an extreme
level coupled with posting the selfie photographs on social networking sites. This
has led to a chain of reactions leading to a complex addiction disorder which we may
easily be called as Selfie addiction or Selfie Syndrome.
India, has the notorious distinction of being the country with the highest
number of selfie deaths, “Me, Myself and my kill file” by Carnegie Mellon
university of Delhi pointed out. Latest India accounts 128 out of a total 213 selfie
deaths recorded from 2014 to the 2016. Initially gained wider and popular with
young people.
 NEED OF THE STUDY

Selfie is the one of the leading addiction among the students, on the basis of
amount of time it was proposed that more than 5 minutes per selfie or more than 30
minute per day may considered as disease. Students where in detail sensitized
about the pros and cons of taking selfies. They were further motivated to be
watchful of their action so that they do not end up themselves in any regret. Before
this addiction spreads like an epidemic amongst the people and ruins the present
and the future of the India, it is necessary to curb it. Too much selfies can also
cause psychological effect on adolescent. It can cause narcissism, depression, low
self-esteem and addiction.

According to India Selfie’s are self-portrait taken to admire the excessive pride
in one’s own appearance. When these selfies are taken persistently in increased numbers
with futile efforts to stop taking them is called as “SELFIE ADDICTION”. There is an
uncontrollable craving for taking selfie’s which has a great impact on the life style
modifications substantially in the adolescent age group. This problem has just
commenced but it has disseminated rapidly to a greater magnitude. This study was done
as a community based cross sectional study at Pondicherry, Chennai and Kadaloor
district during November 2015 and February 2016 with the objectives of assessing the
prevalence and its risk factors of the Selfie addiction among adolescents. Individuals of
adolescent age group were randomly selected and the data were collected using direct
questionnaire method with proper informed consent. The data was entered in MS excel
sheet and analysis was done using SPSS software. A total of 766 college students were
interviewed of which 53% were males with the mean age of 19 years. The purposes of
taking selfies were time pass (46%), to admire themselves (14.5%), to post in social
network sites (23.7%). Among the study participants 87% of them had the habit of
taking selfies regularly using mobile phones and the number of selfies per minute varied
from 2 to 10 per minute. The prevalence of selfie addiction was present among 111
(14.5%) and it was significantly associated with gender, higher version mobile phone
users, early morning selfie takers, chronic mobile users.

Selfies are harming ways to identify with a generation for parents its
awkward to make a compelling case to students about why selfie are bad they are
invited to connect with other social networking sites. Smartphone has intruded in
our daily life so much that without which we cannot survive. Many of today
generation smartphone are equipped with high resolution camera, we call it
“selfie” camera. Though people were found of taking photographs of their own and
others since many decades with selfie camera it has led to an extreme effect. It is
coupled with posting the selfie photographs on social networking sites for comments
of friends and others. This has lead to chain of reactions leading to a complex
addiction disorder which we many easily call as selfie addiction disorder. Oxford
English dictionary had described selfie as word of the year in 2013.
There is a considerable debate on addiction and abuse to smartphone among
adolescents and its consequent input on their health not only in a global context,
but also specifically in the Indian population. Majority of adolescence from lower
socioeconomic back ground in whole world, are not untouched by the effects by
the widely available and cheaper smart phone. Adolescents under 15 were also
affected
in India and around the world. Moreover, little research has been conducted on smart
phone use and its consequences. Considering high rate of India adolescents, this area
needs to be further explored, with a focus on what roles technology plays in fostering
fantasies, acting out behaviours.
HMF. Safna [2017] identified negative impact of selfies on youth. Secondary
data was used for the research. Scholars„ journal articles, doctors„ reviews,
website articles, experts„ opinion from websites were taken for as a secondary
data. In this study three-quarters of young people aged between 18 and 24 admit
taking selfies, in this study found that negative impact on youth such as skin
damage, loss self- confidence and self-esteem, suicide, mental illness, damage real
relationship, selfie deaths, and plastic surgery on youth.
Scientific community all over the world has to come together and come to some
kind of conclusion at the earliest. Anything more than 3-5 selfies in a day may be
considered as a disease even if not posted on social networking sites. If posting on
social networking sites is considered, preferred to reduce the number to even 3 per
day or lesser. On the basis of amount of time, and also proposed that more than 5
minutes per selfie or more than 30 minutes per day may be considered as disease.
On the basis of expectations of the peoples comment, anything more than 2 times
logging in a social networking site for comments may be considered as disease.
This should be regular activity for almost all days. Where phenomenon is not a
regular one, the individual needs further observation and reassessment after some
time. There is also possibility that selfie addiction disorder may be associated/co-
existing with many other psychiatric or mental disorders. Evaluation and
management of those will complicate the future
Report says selfies deaths around world 2014(15%) 2015(39%) 2016(86%)
2017 (73%) deaths by countries India (128) Russia (14) Pakistan (12) USA (9)
Philippines (5) In last two and half years from 2014 to mid-2016 ,75 people died
while attempting to photograph themselves in 52 incidents. The number of death
reported yearly was 15 in 2014, in 2015 (29) and 2016 (31) deaths, and three out of
four death seen in age group of less than 20 years.
Students where in detail sensitized about the pros and cons of taking selfies.
They were further motivated to be watchful of their action so that they do not end
up themselves in any regret. Before this addiction spreads like an epidemic
amongst the people and ruins the present and the future of the India, it is necessary
to curb it. Too much selfies can also cause psychological effect on adolescent. It
can cause narcissism, depression, low self-esteem and addiction. Selfies are
harming ways to identify with a generation for parents its awkward to make a
compelling case to students about why selfie are bad they are invited to connect
with other social networking sites.
Smartphone addiction is one of the most common behavioral addictions with
over 1.5 billion human beings owning and using a smartphone worldwide. A study
done in South Korea revealed that 11.4% of 10–20 year olds and 10.4% of 20–30
year olds suffer from smartphone addiction. A meta-analytic study based on studies
conducted in India has reported the rates of smartphone addiction to range from
18.5% to 78.8% of people. Hence the investigator decided to improve the level of
knowledge and attitude of adolescents regarding selfie syndrome in selected
colleges.
STATEMENT OF THE PROBLEM
A study to assess the effectiveness of computer assisted teaching programme
regarding selfie syndrome among adolescents in selected inter colleges,
Guntur.

OBJECTIVES OF THE STUDY

1. To assess the pre test and post test knowledge and attitude score regarding the
selfie syndrome among adolescents in both experimental group and control
group.
2. To determine the effectiveness of computer assisted teaching program on
knowledge and attitude score regarding selfie syndrome among adoloscents in both
experimental group and control group.
3. To compare pretest and Post test knowledge score and attitude of the adoloscents
in both experimental group and control group.
4. To find out association between post test knowledge and attitude score of
adoloscents regarding selfie syndrome a selected demographic variable.
HYPOTHESIS
Hypothesis is the most important mental tool the researcher has. It is an assumption
statement about the relationship between 2 or more variables that suggest an answer
to the research questions “a hypothesis is a statement of researcher’s expectation
about relation between variables.

H1. There is a significant difference between pre and post test knowledge and
attitude regarding selfie syndrome among adoloscents.

H2. There is a significant association between pre and post test knowledge with their
selected demographic variables regarding selfie syndrome among adoloscents with
their selected variables.
OPERATIONAL DEFINITIONS
ASSESS
"Assess means to determine the knowledge and attitude of adolescent regarding the
selfie syndrome through a computer assisted teaching programme".
EFFECTIVENESS
"It refers to the extent to which computer assisted teaching programme will increase
the knowledge and attitude regarding selfie syndrome among adolescent "
KNOWLEDGE
"It refers to the extent to which measure the knowledge level regarding selfie
syndrome ".
ATTITUDE
"It refers to a settled way of thinking or feeling about something’’

COMPUTER ASSISTED TEACHING PROGRAMME

"It refers to a kind of technology that represents an educational environment, in
which the student learns a subject by using a computer program that selfie syndrome
among adolescent”

SELFIE SYNDROME
“It referred the obsessive compulsive desire to take photos of one's self and post. them
on social media as a way to make up for the lack of self-esteem and to fill a gap in
intimacy”

ADOLOSCENT
It refers to an in the process of developing from a child into an adult.
ASSUMPTIONS

Assumption is a principle that is accepted as being true based on logic and reason
without proof. (Polit and beck-2008)
 Adolescents may have inadequate knowledge and attitude regarding selfie
syndrome.
 The knowledge of Adolescents about Selfie syndrome may influence their
knowledge and attitude levels.

 Computer assisted teaching program is an acceptable strategy that enhances the

knowledge and attitude of adolescents regarding Selfie syndrome.
DELIMITATIONS
The study is limited to
 Only a selected number of adolescents
 Adolescents who work in the selected colleges, Guntur.
 Adolescents who present at time of data collection.
 CONCEPTUAL FRAME WORK
A conceptual framework is a group of concepts and a set of proportions that
spell out the relationship between them. Conceptual framework plays several
interrelated roles in the progress of science. The overall purpose is to make science
findings meaningful and generalizable.
According to Polit and Hungler (2008) conceptual framework is an interrelated
concept or abstractions that are assembled together in a relation scheme by virtue of their
relevance to a common theme, sometimes referred to as conceptual schemes.
The present study was aimed to assess the effectiveness of computer assisted teaching
programme on level of knowledge and attitude regarding selfie syndrome among
adoloscents, at Guntur
The study was based on J.W.Kenn’s open system model. All living systems are
open, in that there is continual exchange of matter energy and information. Open
system has varying degree of interaction with the environment from which the system
receiving input and gives back output inthe form of matter, energy and information for
survival all system most receive varying amount of information, matter and energy. In
this present study knowledge and attitude regarding selfie syndrome among industrial
adoloscents at Guntur is given as input.
Concepts
The main concepts of the open system are input, through put, output and feedback. In
this study before giving computer assisted teaching programme, the pretest shows lack
of knowledge and attitude on selfie syndrome among adoloscents at Guntur.
Input
In open system model input refers to energy and information that enters into the
system through its boundary. In this study the input refers to the computer assisted
teaching programme on selfie syndrome among adoloscents in experimental group.
The control group had no computer assisted teaching programme intervention but post
test was conducted.
Through put
Through put refers to processing where system transforms to energyof material and
information. In this study through put refers to the process oftransferring the
knowledge by computer assisted teaching programme on selfie syndrome to the
experimental group. Out put
Output refers to the matter and information that are processed. Output is the change in
the level of knowledge and attitude regarding selfie syndrome among experimental
group as measured by post test.
Feed back
Feedback is changed in the environment. Feedback is measured in terms of increased
level of knowledge and attitude.
 Experimental group 93.3%of
adoloscents werehavingadequate
knowledge and 6.6% were having moderately
knowledge.86.6%were having positive attitude

Computer
A STUDY TO ASSESS THE EFFECTIVENESS assisted
OFCOMPUTER ASSISTEDteaching Transformation
TEACHING ON KNOWLEDGE of on knowledge
AND ATTITUDE REGARDINGand SELFIE
attitudeSYNDROME
regarding selfie
AMONGsyndrome among adolosce
ADOLOSCENTS, AT SEL
programme group
on knowledge and
attitude regarding selfie syndrome
among adoloscents in experimental
group

POSTTEST
PR OUTPUT

ET
ES THROUGH PUT
T

There is no Computer assisted teaching programme on knowledge and attitude regarding selfie syndrome amongInadoloscents in control
control group group
96.6% of industrial
workerswerehavinginadequate knowledge.

No transformation of knowledge and attitude regarding selfie syndrome among adolosce

INPUT

FEED BACK
FIG.1.1 J.W KENN’S OPEN SYSTE MODEL
 CHAPTER-2

REVIEW OF
LITERATURE
 CHAPTER -2
REVIEW OF LITERATURE

“It is an important step in the development of research project. It involves systematic

identification, location scrunity of written material that contain information on
research problem”. (polit and hungler 1991)
A review of literature is an essential aspect of scientific research. It helps the investigator
to establish support for the need for the study, select research design, developing tools
and data collection technique the review of literature is classified under following
headings.
1. Studies related to knowledge and attitude regarding selfie syndrome.
Mohamed Kalith (2022) a descriptive study was conducted to assess the selfie
addiction among the college students in selected nursing college at Coimbatore.
The
study was conducted through quantitative research approach. The design of the study
used in the research was non - experimental descriptive research design. The
duration of the study was one-week, simple random stratified technique was used
and sample size was 45 students. The study population was First year B.Sc (N),
Second year B.Sc(N) , Third year B.Sc(N) nursing students , who are studying in
cherraan’s college of nursing at Coimbatore . Test was conducted with
standardized questionnaires for the samples. The results of the study showed that
maximum 30(66.7%) of students had above acute level of selfie addiction,
14(31.3%) of them had chronic level of selfie addiction and 1(2.22%) had
borderline level of selfie addiction. Hence, it was concluded saying that he college
students are not exposed towards selfie addiction.
Mandeep kaur (2022) preexperimental study was conducted to assess the
effectiveness of computer assisted teaching on knowledge and practices regarding
partograph among nursing students of selected nursing colleges of ludhiana, Punjab.
Total of 50 Nursing students were included. Knowledge and Practices were assessed
using Structured Knowledge Questionnaire and Practice Check List before
intervention and 1 week after intervention. The results of the study There was positive
correlation between pre-test knowledge and pre-test practices scores i.e. 0.199.
There was also positive correlation between post-test knowledge and post-test
practices scores i.e. 0. 170.Hence it was concluded saying that it was surmised that
variations in knowledge of nursing students regarding partograph has an impact on
practices.

Kavitha A.S (2020) a pre-experimental study was conducted Assess the

effectiveness of training program on awareness regarding selfie addiction among
students in B.Sc. Nursing 1st year. A non-convenient probability sample of 50
students of above 17year to below 29year was drawn from the subject population who
were taken from selected college from Indore (MP). The results of the study showed
that the mean score for the pre-test was 6.66. Where’s as in post-test 48(96%) of
students of selfie addiction were having good knowledge, 2(4%) were having
average level of knowledge score. The minimum score in post-test 10 and the
maximum score was 14; the mean score for the post test was 12.28. The levels of
knowledge during pretest and posttest knowledge are compared to prove the
effectiveness of structured teaching programme. There was no association between
knowledge score with selected demographic variables.

Tiyari. Kalpana (2019) A descriptive study was conducted to assess the level of
knowledge among adolescents on “Selfi Syndrome” in selected college. The samples
were identified and collected the data by applying self- structured tool. The results
of the study showed that: Among 184 adolescents 48.91% had inadequate
knowledge, 19.5% had moderate knowledge and 31.5% had adequate knowledge
Significant association between age , mother’s income . 26.08% had low attitude,
47.28% had moderate attitude, 26.63% had high attitude. Significant association
between age, residence, gender, mother income. Hence it was concluded saying
that
: Based on the obtained findings the researcher prepared a book let which will help
them to improve their knowledge and attitude in preventing and control of selfi
syndrome .
Hashim H. Puthiyakath (2018) A cross-sectional study was conducted to the
selfie-taking behavioural pattern and the relationship between selfitis (obsessive–
compulsive desire to take selfies and post them on social media) and narcissism. The
study was was conducted among young Indian social media users aged between 18
and 30 years selected through referral sampling technique. The study observed that
taking selfies and posting them on social media is common among young social media
users. Narcissism was found to be strongly correlated with selfitis and its six
dimensions, indicating that people who exhibit narcissistic qualities are more likely
to engage in excessive selfie behaviour. As SBS is a newly developed and not
widely used scale, the study also assessed the validity and reliability of the scale.
The results showed that the scale has excellent internal consistency and satisfactory
convergent validity, and discriminant validity. Hence it was concluded saying that
there was a need to bring awareness among adolescents.

Soumya Sonalika (2018) a study was conducted to assess the knowledge

regarding selfitis among adolescents in selected college of Bhubaneswar, Odisha
Data was collected by160adolescents using self -structured questionnaire. The
results of the study showed that the majority of respondents 88 (55%) had
inadequate knowledge, 57 (35.62%) had moderate knowledge regarding selfitis.
Area wise knowledge assessment highest mean score (5.17± 2.58) which is 2.23%
of maximum score was obtained for the area “definition of selfie syndrome”.
The lowest mean score (0.79 ± 0.76) which is 0.49% was obtained by them for
the area of “complication of selfitis”. Hence it was concluded saying that there
was significant association between knowledge scores and the selected
demographic variables such as income of the family, residence, and types of
mobile use at p>0.05. Study concluded that majority of the selfie taking college
students had narcissistic symptoms. Health care professional has pivotal role in
early screening of internet users and selfie takers so that appropriate measures/
interventions can
be planned to prevent psychological symptoms like narcissism in near futures.
Kaur Sukhdeep, Maheshwari SK, Sharma P(2018) a cross sectional study
was conducted on Narcissistic personality and selfi taking behaviour among 300
college students by using socio-demographic and Narcissistic personality inventory.
The results of the study found that mean narcissistic score of the college students
was
4.44 (2.6) which is at moderate level. 8.4% of the college students fall under the
category of severe narcissistic features, 39% of the college students under moderate
narcissistic features and 49% of the college students under mild narcissistic features.
Narcissistic features had a significant relationship with number of selfies on an
average day, preference of act for selfies, edit selfies before posting and untag
themselves from group selfies. Posting of selfies on Facebook had significant
relationship with narcissistic features at p <0.05. Hence, it was concluded that
majority of the selfie taking college students had narcissistic symptoms. Health care
professional has pivotal role in early screening of internet users and selfie takers so
that appropriate measures/ interventions can be planned to prevent psychological
symptoms like narcissism in near futures.

Latha Venkatesan, [2018] a study was conducted to assess the selfie addiction
among 100 Students who were selected using purposive sampling technique. Data
was collected using the baseline characteristics of the students and Selfitis Behavior
Scale through self-administration method. The results of the study showed that more
than half of the students (53%) were identified with moderate Selfie addiction,41%
had mild addiction ,less Number of students(4%) were addicted severely and 2% of
the students were not addicted. Hence it was concluded saying that there is strong
correlation (r=0.260 ) between academic performance and selfie addiction scores
which is statistically significant at p>0.001.In order to save young generation from
being technology-addicted and Selfie-obsessed, several strategies‟ such as behavior
therapy and individual counselling must be adopted to help them to come out of the
addiction and spend quality time for their studies.
 Lalitha ji, [2018] a study was conducted to assess the selfie addiction
among 100 Students who were selected using purposive sampling technique. Data
was collected using the baseline characteristics of the students and Selfitis
Behavior Scale through self-administration method. The results of the study
showed that more than half of the students (53%) were identified with moderate
Selfie addiction,41% had mild addiction, less Number of students (4%) were
addicted severely and 2% of the students were not addicted. Hence it was
concluded saying that there is strong correlation (r=0.260) between academic
performance and selfie addiction scores which is statistically significant at p>0.
001.In order to save young generation from being technology-addicted and Selfie-
obsessed, several strategies‟ such as behavior therapy and individual counselling
must be adopted to help them to come out of the addiction and spend quality
time for their studies.
Nishtha Thakur (2018) a prospective study was conducted to assess the
observed Selfie-Taking Behavior and its Impact on the Health of Late Adolescents
in selected University of Gurugram, Haryana. In this study 120 samples were
selected using convenience sampling technique. The result showed that there is
no significant association between selfie taking behavior and mental (self-
esteem and narcissism level), social health (loneliness) and physical health among
the late adolescents. Hence it was concluded saying that there is significant
association between the selfie-taking behavior and social health (attention-
seeking behavior) of the late adolescents at p <0.05.
2.Studies related to knowledge and attitude regarding selfie syndrome
based on computer assisted .

Ambli Venugopal K. September 2022 Smart phones are no longer only a

communication device but serve as a substitute for the home computer and have internet
related access as well as a camera that with its high resolution now substitutes the camera,
we call it as “selfie camera”. Selfie have now become a major trend and smart phone
manufacturers are ensuring that they provide good front cameras in phone and technology
is adapting this social trend of self-portraits to rule the world. For this study, an evaluative
technique was applied. The data is collected using a one-group pre-test and post-test
design. The video assisted teaching programme regarding impact of selfie taking behavior
and its impact on health was the study's independent variable, while the attitude of nursing
students regarding selfie taking behavior and its impact on health was the dependent
variable. The study was conducted from April 2022 to June 2022 among 60 subjects; the
collected data was analyzed and interpreted using descriptive and inferential statistics. The
present study reveals that the overall behavioral scores of respondents were found to be
51.33% with standard deviation 4.59 in pre-test. The overall behavioral scores of
respondents were found to be 40.1% with standard deviation 3.142 in post-test. The
obtained "t" value 17.385 is greater than the table value at 0.01 level of significance.
Therefore, "t" value is found to be significant. It means there is reduction in behavioral
level of nursing student. Study demonstrated that the video teaching programme on selfies
taking behavior and its impact on health is effective in decreasing the behavioral level of
nursing students.

Dr. Rajitha 2021 The process by which all living things maintain a balance between
their own needs and those of their environment is described as adjustment in the
behavioural domain. This quasi-experimental study was conducted to evaluate the
effectiveness of computer assisted teaching program on level of social and emotional
adjustment among adolescents in selected PU colleges at Mysuru, Karnataka. A
quantitative evaluative approach was adopted, purposive sampling technique and non-
randomized control group
research design were used for this study. There were two research setting one for
Experimental group that is from BGS Pre university college, Mysore and another for
Control group from Cauvery Pre university college, Mysore. The data was collected by
using social adjustment rating scale. Items are based on 4 domains, Reasoning & Decision
making, social introversion, social sensitivity, social amenability and Emotional
adjustment rating scale. Items are based on 4 domains, Self-emotional awareness,
Emotional management, Managing emotions in others, Emotional intelligence. The results
of this study revealed that there is significance difference between the mean pre-test and
mean post-test level of social and emotional adjustment, it was found to be significant at
0.05 level of significance t=21.01 and t=21.06 respectively. The compared overall post-test
mean of social and emotional adjustment in experimental group was found to be greater
than the control group and obtained t value was (17.51) and (18.93) is *p<0.05. The
correlation coefficient shows positive correlation between the variables in experimental
and control group the value was r=+6688 and r=+0.6390 *p<0.05. there was a significant
association with age, gender, number of siblings, and previous exposure to any social and
emotional adjustment program, in both experimental and control group. It shows that
computer assisted teaching program is effective in improving social and emotional
adjustment among adolescents.
J Pharmacol Pharmacother.2020 Laboratory based practical classes, have been the
corner stone of undergraduate pharmacology learning. Ethical issues with the use of
animals and rapid development of information technology has led to newer trends in
teaching and learning such as computer assisted learning. Computer assisted learning
(CAL) software includes computer based packages, focusing on interactive instruction in a
specific subject area, collection of animal experiments that encourage students to
understand concepts in pharmacology. CAL offers a number of advantages to both
students and teachers; most important being meeting the learning objectives. Few
disadvantages and pitfalls to implementation in medical schools are also associated with
CAL sessions. This article reviews the trend of CAL in pharmacology, advantages,
disadvantages and pitfalls to the implementation of CAL.

James A. Kulik 2018 A meta-analysis of findings from 254 controlled

evaluation studies showed that computer-based instruction (CBI) usually produces
positive effects on students. The studies covered learners of all age levels — from
kindergarten pupils to adult students. CBI programs raised student examination
scores by 0.30 standard deviations in the average study, a moderate but significant
effect. Size of effect varied, however, as a function of study feature. Effects were
larger in published rather than unpublished studies, in studies in which different
teachers taught experimental and control classes, and in studies of short duration. CBI
also produced small but positive changes in student attitudes toward teaching and
computers, and it reduced substantially the amount of time needed for instruction.
 Ambli Venugopal K 2016 Smart phones are no longer only a communication
device but serve as a substitute for the home computer and have internet related
access as well as a camera that with its high resolution now substitutes the camera,
we call it as “selfie camera”. Selfie have now become a major trend and smart
phone manufacturers are ensuring that they provide good front cameras in phone
and technology is adapting this social trend of self-portraits to rule the world. For
this study, an evaluative technique was applied. The data is collected using a one-
group pre-test and post- test design. The video assisted teaching programme
regarding impact of selfie taking behavior and its impact on health was the study's
independent variable, while the attitude of nursing students regarding selfie taking
behavior and its impact on health was the dependent variable. The study was
conducted from April 2022 to June 2022 among 60 subjects; the collected data was
analyzed and interpreted using descriptive and inferential statistics. The present
study reveals that the overall behavioral scores of respondents were found to be
51.33% with standard deviation 4.59 in pre-test. The overall behavioral scores of
respondents were found to be 40.1% with standard deviation 3.142 in post-test.
The obtained "t" value 17.385 is greater than the table value at 0.01 level of
significance. Therefore, "t" value is found to be significant. It means there is
reduction in behavioral level of nursing student .

KorekhaRamy 2017 Smart phones are no longer only a communication device but serve
as a substitute for the home computer and have internet related access as well as a camera
that with its high resolution now substitutes the camera, we call it as “selfie camera”. Selfie
have now become a major trend and smart phone manufacturers are ensuring that they
provide good front cameras in phone and technology is adapting this social trend of self-
portraits to rule the world. For this study, an evaluative technique was applied. The data is
collected using a one-group pre-test and post-test design. The video assisted teaching
programme regarding impact of selfie taking behavior and its impact on health was the
study's independent variable, while the attitude of nursing students regarding selfie taking
behavior and its impact on health was the dependent variable. The study was conducted
from April 2022 to June 2022 among 60 subjects; the collected data was analyzed and
interpreted using descriptive and inferential statistics. The present study reveals that the
overall behavioral scores of respondents were found to be 51.33% with standard deviation
4.59 in pre-test. The overall behavioral scores of respondents were found to be 40.1% with
standard deviation 3.142 in post-test. The obtained "t" value 17.385 is greater than the
table value at 0.01 level of significance. Therefore, "t" value is found to be significant. It
means there is reduction in behavioral level of nursing student.

Mr Sai 2015 Over a period of time, technological advancement has given us new
addiction disorders. Last two decades were known for computer addiction disorder and
internet addiction disorders. Smartphone has included in our daily life that without which
we cannot survive. Many of today generation Smartphone " s are equipped with high
resolution camera, which we call it as " selfie " camera. Though people were fond of taking
photographs of their own and others since many decades, with selfie camera it has led to an
extreme level. It is coupled with posting the selfie photographs on social networking sites.
Further they are waiting for comments and opinions of friends and others. This has led to a
chain of reactions leading to a complex addiction disorder which we may easily be called
as " Selfie addiction disorder/Selfie syndrome " .

CHAPTER -3

RESEARCH METHODOLOGY
Research methodology is a significant part of any study which enables the researcher
to project the research undertaken. It is the systematic way to carry out an
academic study. It enables the research to project a blue print of the details, data,
approach, analysis and findings of the research undertaken.
(Suresh k Sharma, 2006)
This chapter describes the methodology adopted for the study. Methodology
of research indicates the general pattern of organizing the procedure to gather related
and reliable data for problem under investigation. Therefore, this chapter includes
the research approach, research design, setting of the study, population sample and
sampling technique, development of tool, description of tool, data collection.
RESEARCH APPROACH
Research approach is the most essential part of any research. The entirestudy is
based on it. The research approach used in the study is an appliedform of research
to find out how well the intervention is effective. Therefore,a quantitative approach
was essential to test the effectiveness of the intervention
(Polit and Hungler,2002)
In this study a descriptive research design approach is considered to be most
appropriate to assess the knowledge a n d attitude regarding selfie syndrome
among adoloscents.

RESEARCH DESIGN
Research design incorporates the most important methodological decisions that a
researcher makes in conducting a research study. It depicts the overall plan for
organization of scientific investigations. It helps the researcher in selection of
subjects, manipulation of independent variables and observation of a type of
statistical method to be used to interpret the data. The selection of the design
depends upon the purpose of the study, research approach and variables to be
 studied. (Polit and Hungler, 2002)

 Research design for the study was quasi experimental design

Diagrammatic Representation of the Research Design.

Simple random
sampling Pre-test Intervention Post-test
Experimental Group
O1 X O2

Control group O1 --- O2

O1 = Pre-test Knowledge and attitude regarding selfie syndrome among

adoloscents
X= Computer Assisted teaching programme
O2=Post-test Knowledge and attitude of adoloscents regarding selfie syndrome
SETTING OF THE STUDY

According to polit and beck 2008 setting is the physical location and conditions in
which data collection takes place in the study. The researchers make decisions about
where to conduct a study based on the nature of the research questions and type of
information needed to address
The settings for the present study were 2 intermediate colleges in Guntur
respectively Chaitanya college and Bhashyam college.
Chaitanya college is located at vidhyanagar which was recognized as an one of the
best educational hut for Andhra Pradesh. Bhashyam college is located inner ring
road which was with well structure and good facilities for staff and students.
POPULATION
The population is any group of individual that have one or more
characteristics and of interests of the researchers. (Best and Kann
1992). In this study population was student nurses

Population criteria established the target population, accessible population.

TARGET POPULATION
The entire population in which the researchers are interested and which they
would like to generalize the research finding
(Suresh K Sharma, 2006)
Target population is all adoloscents
ACCESSIBLE POPULATION
The aggregate of the cases that confirm to designated inclusion orexclusion
criteria and that are accessible subject of the study.
(Suresh K Sharma, 2006)
The accessible population is the adoloscents in the selected inter colleges.
SAMPLE

A sample is the portion of the population that has been selected torepresent
the population of interest. (Suresh K Sharma, 2006)

In the study sample size is 60 adoloscents who fulfill the inclusion criteria.
SAMPLE SIZE
Sample size is normally decided by nature of the study, nature of the population,
type of sampling technique, total variable, statistical test adoptedfor data
analysis and sensitivity measures and attrition
(Polit and Hungler, 2002)
In this study the sample size was 60, out of which 30 were experimental
group from Chaitanya college, Guntur and 30 were control group
from Bhashyam college, Guntur.
 SAMPLING TECHNIQUE
Sampling is the process of selecting a portion of the population who represents
the entire population. (Polit and Hungler, 2002)
In this present study, Simple random sampling technique was used to select
industrial workers for experimental and control group.

SAMPLING CRITERIA
INCLUSION CRITERIA
The study included student nurses
 Adoloscents who are studying at selected intermediate colleges at Guntur.
 Adoloscents who are available during period of data collection.
 Adoloscents who can read and write English.
EXCLUSION CRITERIA
The study excluded student nurses
 Adoloscents those who are not willing to participate.
 Adoloscents those are participated in previous study.
 Adoloscents those who are not available during the period of data collection.

VARIABLES
A variable is a measurable or potentially measurable, component of anobject or
event that may fluctuate in quantity and quality.
INDEPENDENT VARIABLE
According to Polit and Hunger (2002), the variable that is believedto care or
influence the behaviour and ideas

In the present study the independent variable was Computer assisted teaching
programme on knowledge and attitude regarding selfie syndrome among
adoloscents.
DEPENDENT VARIABLE
According to Polit and Hunger (2002), the dependent variable is theresearcher is
interested in understanding, explaining, and proceeding. In the present study the
dependent variable was knowledge regarding nosocomial infection among
industrial workers at 18-40year of age.
Socio demographic variables

 Age
 Gender
 Year of education
 Brach/Group

 Residence

 Family Income

 Most frequently used social media

 Previous knowledge about selfie syndrome

 Source of information

DEVELOPMENT DESCRIPTION OF THE TOOL

The tool was prepared based on review of research, non-research literature, and
opinion of experts. The tool consists of two sections. The structured knowledge
questionnaire has 4 sections:
SECTION – I Demographic variables
Demographic Variables include age, gender, year of education, branch/group,
Residence, Family Income, most frequently used social media, source of
information
SECTION 11
Structured questionnaire consists of Fifteen (15) multiple choice questions. Each
question consists of four (4) options in that one option was correct and each
correct
answer carries one (2) mark and each wrong answercarries zero (0). Total score
was Thirty (30). The score was interpreted as follows.

Score Interpretation

Level of Knowledge Scores Percentage (%)

Inadequate Knowledge 0-15 0-50%

Moderate adequate Knowledge 16-24 51-75%
Adequate Knowledge 25-30 76-100%

Level of attitude Scores Percentage (%)

Negative attitude 0-15 0-50%

Neutral attitude 16-24 51-75%
Positive attitude 25-30 76-100%

SECTION 111
Attitude scale consists of 15 questions. Each question contains three (3) points
such as strongly disagree (SD) it gives zero marks (0), Agree (A) it gives one mark
(1), strongly agree (SA) it gives two (2) marks

Level of Attitude Scores Percentage (%)

Negative Attitude 0-10 33.3%
Neutral attitude 11-20 33.4-66.6%
Positive attitude 20-30 66.6-100%
PROCEDURE FOR DATA COLLECTION
According to burns and grace (1999) data collection is the perusesystem gathering
of information relevant to research purpose
In present study data had been collected by using structured knowledge
questionnaire. Simple Random sampling technique was employed to select the
sample. The sample size of 60 is collected. The investigator explained to the
participants the purpose of the study. The subjects were assured about confidentially
of their response.
VALIDITY OF THE TOOL:
It is the assessment of an instrument ability to measure what it purposes to measure
the degree to which the data collection tools reflect the body of the knowledge
pertaining to concept being studied. The content was validated by 3 experts in the
field of psychiatry nursing. The tool and content was also validated by two other
experts of which one isEnglish literature expert and other one was statistical expert.
The modification and suggestions of the schedule were incorporated in the final
preparation by the investigator.
RELIABILITY OF THE TOOL:
Reliability is the ability of an instrument to consistently measure what is proposes to
measure, the extent to which random variation influences consistency stability and
dependability of results.
The reliability and stability of the tool was established by using test retest method.
Karl Pearson Correlation Coefficient formula was used and the value was r=0.829.
This shows that the tool was reliable.
ETHICAL CONSIDERATION
Ethical clearance to conduct the study was granted by ethical committee members
and principal in SIMS College of nursing, permission to conduct study was obtained
by principals of Chaitanya college and bhashyam, Guntur. Oral consent was
obtained from participants. The participants were informed that they can with draw
from the study any time.
PILOT STUDY

Pilot study is pretesting of the instrument, where pretesting is done with a small
sample of individuals who possess characteristics similar to those proposed for the
larger study. Self-administered structured questionnaire was given to 10 adoloscents
at KITS college, Guntur to check the feasibility, appropriateness of the
instrument.10 industrial workers were selected conveniently.5 experimental group
and 5 control
group industrial workers were selected purposively. The average time taken to
collect the data was 20 min. The data was collected from 26-10-23 to 3-11-23. The
data was analyzed by using descriptive and inferential statistics. The pilot study
results revealed that it was feasible and practicable to conduct main study.
DATA COLLECTION PROCEDURE
Data collection is the gathering the information to address the researchproblem. The
word “data” means information i.e. systematically collected inthe course of the
study.

Data collection as gathering of information from the Sampling unit.The researcher

plan typically specifies procedures for actual collection ofdata. The researcher must
be sure that enough material is available tocomplete the study that the participants
are informed that the schedules donot conflict. (Polit and Hungler 2002)

PERMISSION FROM THE CONCERNED AUTHORITY

Prior to the collection of the data, permission was obtained from Head operations
of Nagarjuna cement industry and Mayuri cement industry at Guntur.
PERIOD OF DATA COLLECTION

The data was collected from 5-11-2023 to 6-12-2023.The investigator collected the
data from study group at the same period.
Phase 1:
Prior to the data collection the nature and purpose of the study was explained to the
participants, oral consent was obtained from them. Based oninclusion and
exclusion criteria 30 samples for experimental and 30 samples for control group
was selected by Non probability convenient Sampling Technique. Pretest was
conducted for both groups by using structured questionnaire.
Phase 2:
Computer assisted teaching programme regarding Knowledge and attitude
regarding selfie syndrome among adoloscents at Guntur was given to the
experimental group for 3 days and samples were followed for seven (7) days after
the Computer assisted
teaching programme.
Phase 3:
Post-test was conducted on eighth (8th) day of data Collection by usingstructured
knowledge and attitude Questionnaire, in experimental and control group.

PLAN FOR DATA ANALYSIS

The data will be analysed with the help of descriptive and inferential statistic.

STATISTICS NAME OF THE OBJECTIVE

METHOD USED

To assess the pre test and post test

knowledge and attitude score regarding
Mean, median and
Descriptive the selfie syndrome among adoloscents
statistics standard deviation.
in both experimental group and control
group.

To determine the effectiveness of

Paired ‘t’test computer assisted teaching program on
knowledge and attitude score
regarding selfie syndrome among
adoloscents in both experimental
Inferential group and control group.
statistics
Independent ‘t’ test
 To compare pretest and Post-test
knowledge and attitude scores of the
adolescents in both experimental group
and control group.

To find out association between post test

knowledge and attitude score of
Chi square adoloscents regarding selfie syndrome a
selected demographic variable.
 CHAPTER-IV
DATA ANALYSIS AND INTERPRETATION

“Analysis is a process of organizing data in such a way that researchquestion can be

answered and hypothesis tested”
(Polit and hungler, 2003)
“Analysis enables the researcher to reduce, summarized, organize, evaluate, interpret
and communicate numerical information”
(Polit and hungler, 2003)
This chapter deals with analysis and interpretation of the data and test with proposed
hypothesis for the statistical significance. The purpose of the study was to assess the
effectiveness of planned teaching program on Knowledge regarding selfie syndrome
among adoloscents at Guntur.

OBJECTIVES OF THE STUDY

1. To assess the pre test and post test knowledge and attitude score regarding the
selfie syndrome among adoloscents in both experimental group and control
group.
2. To determine the effectiveness of computer assisted teaching program on
knowledge and attitude score regarding selfie syndrome among adoloscents in
both experimental group and control group.
3. To compare pretest and Post test knowledge score and attitude of the adoloscents
in both experimental group and control group.
4. To find out association between post test knowledge and attitude score of
adoloscents regarding selfie syndrome a selected demographic variable.
ORGANISATION OF THE DATA
Section 1: To assess the demographic variables among adoloscents
Table-4.1: Frequency and percentage distribution of industrial workers according
to their demographic variables.
Section II: To assess the pretest and post test level of knowledge and attitude
regarding selfie syndrome among adoloscents in experimental and control group.
Table- 4.2: Frequency and percentage distribution of level of knowledge
regarding selfie syndrome among adoloscents in experimental group

Table - 4.3 Frequency and percentage distribution of level of knowledge

regarding selfie syndrome among adoloscents in control group
Table- 4.4: Frequency and percentage distribution of level of attitude regarding
selfie syndrome among adoloscents in experimental group

Table - 4.5 Frequency and percentage distribution of level of attitude regarding

selfie syndrome among adoloscents in control group

Section III: To compare the post test level of knowledge on effectiveness of

computer assisted teaching programme on knowledge and attitude regarding
selfie syndrome among adoloscents in experimental and control group.
Table-4.6: Mean, standard deviation, paired ‘t’ test values of pretest and post test
level of knowledge regarding selfie syndrome among adolescents in experimental
and control group.
Table-4.7: Mean, standard deviation, paired ‘t’ test values of pretest and post test
level of practice regarding selfie syndrome among adolescents in experimental
and control group.

Table-4.8: Mean, standard deviation, Independent ‘t’ test values of pretest and
post test level of knowledge regarding selfie syndrome among adoloscents in
experimental and control group
Table-4.9: Mean, standard deviation, Independent ‘t’ test values of pretest and
post test level of practice regarding selfie syndrome among adoloscents in
experimental and control group.

Section V: To find out the association between the knowledge and attitude
regarding selfie syndrome among adolescent in experimental and control group
with their selected demographic variables.
Table-4.10: Association between post-test levels of knowledge scores among
industrial workers with their selected demographic variables in experimental
group.
Table-4.11: Association between post-test levels of attitude scores among
industrial workers with their selected demographic variables in experimental
group.
 SECTION – 1
To assess the demographic variables among industrial workers

Table 4.1: Frequency and percentage distribution of industrial workers

regarding knowledge on bronchial asthma and its prevention based on
demographic variables.

Experimental Control Group

Demographic
S.NO group (n=30) (n=30)
variables
1. Age F % F %
a)16years 12 40.0% 9 30.0%
b) 17years 9 30.0% 16 53.3%
c) 18 years 8 26.6% 3 10.0%
d) >18 years 1 3.3% 2 6.6%
2. Gender
a) Male 16 53.3% 13 43.3%
b) Female 14 46.6% 17 56.6%
Year of education

3. a)Inter 1st Year 15 23.3% 15 50.0%

b)Inter 2nd year 15 16.6% 15 50.0%
Branch/Group
Bipc 9 30.0% 10 33.3%
4. Mpc 11 36.6% 9 30.0%
HEC 7 23.3% 6 20.0%
Other Group 3 10.0% 5 16.6%
 5. Residence
a) Hostlers 18 60% 3 10.0%
b)Staying with parents 11 36.6% 18 60%
d) Staying with friends 1 3.3% 2 6.6%
e) Staying with relatives 0 6.6% 7 23.3%
6. Source of Information
5 16.6% 6 20.0%
a) Family
b) Friends 8 26.6% 8 26.6%

c)Media 14 46.6% 10 33.3%

d)Professional advice 3 10.0% 6 20.0%

7. Family Income 2 6.6% 16 53.3%

a) <10,000 3 10.0% 10 33.3%
b) 10,000-20000
6 20.0% 2 6.6%
c) 21,000-30,000
19 63.3% 2 6.6%
d) >30,000
8. Most frequently used
social media
Whats app 9 30.0% 6 20.0%
Face book 2 6.6% 8 26.6%
Instagram 18 60.0% 10 33.3%
Others 1 3.3% 6 20.0%
9. Previous knowledge

Yes 1 3.3% 0 0%
No 29 96.6% 30 100%
Table 4.1: Frequency and percentage distribution of adoloscents regarding
knowledge on selfie syndrome based on Demographic variables
Fig 4.1(a) shows that with regard to age in experimental group, 12 (40.0%) were
16yrs, 9 (30.0%) were 17yrs, 8 (26.6%) were 18 yrs and 1(3.3%) were >18 yrs.
In control group 9 (30.0%) were 16yrs, 16(53.3%) were 17 yrs, 3 (10.0%) were
18 yrs. and 2 26.6%) were >18 yrs.
Fig 4.1(b) shows that with regard to gender, in experimental group 16(53.3 %) were
males, 14(46.6%) females. In control group, 13(43.3%) were males, 17(56.6%)
Fig 4.1(c) shows that with regard to year of education, in experimental group
15(50.0%) were inter 1st year, 15 (50.0%) were inter 2nd year, In control
group,15(50.0%) were inter 1st year, 15 (50.0%) were inter 2nd year.

Fig 4.1(d) shows that regard to branch/Group in experimental group, 9 (30.0%)

were Bipc,11 (36.6%) were Mpc, 7 (23.3%) were HEC and 3 (10.0%) were other
group. In
control group, 10 (33.3%) were Bipc,9 (30.0%) were Mpc, 6 (20.0%) were HEC and
5(16.6%) were other group.
Fig 4.1(e) shows that with regard to residence, in experimental group 18(60%) were
hostlers,11 (36.6%) were staying with parents, 1(3.3%) were staying with friends
0(0%) were staying with relatives. In control group, 3(10.0%) were hostlers,18
(60.0%) were staying with parents, 2(6.6%) were staying with friends 7(23.3%)
were staying with relatives
Fig 4.1(f) shows that regard to source of information in experimental group,
5(16.6%) had from family, 8(26.6%) had from friends, 14 (46.6%) had from media
and 3 (10%) had from professional advice. In control group, 6(20.0%) had from
family, 8(26.6%) had from friends, 10(33.3%) had from media and 6 (20.0%) had
from professional advice.

Fig 4.1(g) shows that regard to family income in experimental group, 2(6.6%)
income was <10,000/-,3(10.0%) income was 10,000-20,000/-, 6 (20.0%) income
was 21000- 30000/- and 19 (63.3%) income was >30000/-. In control group,
16(53.3%) income
was <10,000/-,10(33.3%) income was 10,000-20,000/-, 2 (6.6%) income was
21000- 30000/- and 2 (6.6%) income was >30000/-.
 Age
35.00% 33.30%

30.00% 30.00%
30.00%
26.60% 26.60%

25.00% 23.30%

20.00%
20.00%

15.00%

10.00%
10.00%

5.00%

0.00%
a)18-25years b) 25-30years c) 31-40 years d) >40 years

Expermental GroupControl Group

Figure 4.1(a) : Frequency and percentage distribution of adolescents regarding knowledge and attitude on
selfie syndrome based on age.
60.00%
53.30% Education
50.00%
43.30%

40.00%

30.00% 26.60% 26.60%

23.30%23.30%

20.00%

10.00%
3.30%
0%
0.00%
a) Illiterate b) 10th class c) Intermediate d) Graduate

Expermental GroupControl Group

Figure 4.1(b) : Frequency and percentage distribution of adolescents regarding knowledge and attitude on
selfie syndrome based on gender
 Religion
60.00%

50.00%
50.00%

40.00%
33.30%

30.00% 26.60%
23.30%

20.00% 16.60% 16.60%

10.00% 6.60%
2.66%

0.00%
a)Hindu b)Muslim c) Christian d)others

Expermental GroupControl Group

Figure 4.1(c) : Frequency and percentage distribution of adolescents regarding knowledge and attitude on
selfie syndrome based on religion.
 Residence
70%

60% 60%
60%

50%

40% 36.60%

30%
23.30%

20%

10.00%
10% 6.60% 6.60%
3.30%

0%
a) Hostlers b)Staying with parents d) Staying with friends e) Staying with relatives

Expermental GroupControl Group

Figure 4.1(c) : Frequency and percentage distribution of adolescents regarding knowledge and attitude on
selfie syndrome based on residence.
 Souce of Information
50.00%

45.00%

40.00%

35.00%

30.00%

25.00%

20.00%

15.00%

10.00%

5.00%

0.00% a) Family b) Friends c)Media d)Professional advice

Expermental GroupControl Group

Figure 4.1(c) : Frequency and percentage distribution of adolescents regarding knowledge and attitude on
selfie syndrome based on source of information.
 Family Income
70.00%
63.30%

60.00%
53.30%

50.00%

40.00%
33.30%

30.00%

20.00%
20.00%

10.00%
10.00% 6.60% 6.60% 6.60%

0.00%
a)<10,000 b) 10,000-20000 c)21,000-30,000 d) >30,000

Expermental GroupControl Group

Figure 4.1(c) : Frequency and percentage distribution of adolescents regarding knowledge and attitude on
selfie syndrome based on Family Income
 MOST FREQUENTLY USED SOCIAL MEDIA
70.00%

60.00%
60.00%

50.00%

40.00%
33.30%
30.00%
30.00% 26.60%

20.00% 20.00%
20.00%

10.00% 6.60%
3.30%

0.00%
Whats app Face book Instagram Others

Expermental GroupControl Group

Figure 4.1(c) : Frequency and percentage distribution of adolescents regarding knowledge and attitude on
selfie syndrome based on Family Most frequently used social media.
 Previous Knowledge
120.00%

100%
100.00% 96.60%

80.00%

60.00%

40.00%

20.00%

3.30%
0%
0.00%
Yes No

Expermental GroupControl Group

Figure 4.1(c) : Frequency and percentage distribution of adolescents regarding knowledge and attitude on
selfie syndrome based on previous knowledge about selfie syndrome.
 SECTION - II

Assess the pretest and posttest level of knowledge regarding selfie

syndrome among adolescents in experimental and control group.

Table- 4.2: Frequency and percentage distribution of level of knowledge

regarding selfie syndrome among adolescents in experimental group.

Pretest (n=30) Post test (n=30)

Level of Knowledge
Frequency Percentage Frequency Percentage
(n) (%) (n) (%)

Inadequate
knowledge 27 90.0% 0 0%

Moderate knowledge
3 10.0% 2 6.6%

Adequate knowledge 0 0% 28 93.3%

Total
30 100% 30 100%

Table: 4.2 Frequency and percentage distribution of pre and post test level of
knowledge shows in experimental group during pretest 27(90.0%) had inadequate
knowledge, 3(10.0%) had Moderate knowledge and 0 (0%) had Adequate
knowledge. Where as in post test, 0(0.0%) Inadequate knowledge, 2(6.6%) had
moderate knowledge and 28 (93.3%) had Adequate knowledge.
 Level of knowledge-Experimental
100.00%
93.30%
90.00%
90.00%

80.00%

70.00%

60.00%

50.00%

40.00%

30.00%

20.00%

10.00%
10.00% 6.60%

0% 0%
0.00%
Inadequate knowledge Moderate knowledge Adequate knowledge

PretestPost test

Figure 4. 2: Frequency and percentage distribution of level of knowledge regarding selfie syndrome among
adoloscents in experimental group.
 Table- 4.3: Frequency and percentage distribution of level of knowledge
regarding selfie syndrome among adolescents in control group

Pretest (n=30) Post test (n=30)

Level of Knowledge
Frequency Percentage Frequency Percentage
(n) (%) (n) (%)

Inadequate
knowledge 29 96.6% 29 96.6%

Moderate knowledge
1 3.3% 1 3.3%

Adequate knowledge 0 0% 0 0%

Total
30 100% 30 100%

Table: 4.3 Frequency and percentage distribution of pre and posttest level of
knowledge shows in control group during pretest 29(96.6%) had inadequate
knowledge, 1(3.3%) had Moderate knowledge and 0 (0%) had Adequate knowledge.
Where as in posttest, 29(96.6%) Inadequate knowledge, 1(3.3%) had moderate
knowledge and 4 (0%) had Adequate knowledge.
 Cotrol Group - Level of knowledge
120.00%

100.00% 96.60% 96.60%

80.00%

60.00%

40.00%

20.00%

3.30% 3.30%
0% 0%
0.00%
Inadequate knowledge Moderate knowledge Adequate knowledge

Pretest (%)Post test (%)

Figure 4. 3: Frequency and percentage distribution of level of knowledge regarding selfie syndrome among
adoloscents in Control group
Table- 4.6 Frequency and percentage distribution of level of attitude
regarding selfie syndrome among adolescents in Experimental group

Pre test Post test

n=30 n=30
Level of
Frequenc Percentag Frequenc Percentag
attitude
y(n) e(%) y(n) e(%)
Negative
30 100 0 0%
attitude %
Neutral 0 0% 9 30%
attitude

Positive 0 0% 21 70%
attitude

Total 30 100 30 100

% %

Table 4.6: Frequency and percentage distribution of pre and post test
level of attitude shows in experimental group during pretest 30(100.0%) had
Negative attitude, 0(0%) had neutral attitude and 0(0%) had positive attitude.
Where as in post test, 0(0%) had Negative attitude, 9(30%) had Neutral
attitude and 21 ( 70%) had positive attitude
 Level of attitude -Experimental Group
120%

100%

80%

60%

40%

20%

0%
Negative Neutral attitude Positive attitude

Pre testPost test

Figure 4. 3: Frequency and percentage distribution of level of attitude on selfie syndrome among adolescents in
experimental group
Table- 4.6 Frequency and percentage distribution of level of attitude regarding
selfie syndrome among adolescents in Control group

Pre test Post test

n=30 n=30
Level of attitude
Frequenc Percentag Frequenc Percentag
y(n) e(%) y(n) e(%)

Negative 30 100 25 83.3%

attitude %

Neutral attitude 0 0% 5 16.6%

Positive 0 0% 0 0%
attitude

Total 30 100 30 100%

%

Table 4.7 Frequency and percentage distribution of pre and post test level of
attitude shows in control group during pretest 30(100.0%) had Negative
attitude, 0(0%) had Neutral attitude and 0(0%) and 0(0%) had positive .
Where as in post test, 25(83.3%) had Negative attitude, 5(16.6%) and 0(0%)
had positive attitude.
 Level of attitude-Control Group
120%

100%

80%

60%

40%

20%

0%
Negative Neutral attitude Positive attitude

Pre testPost test

Figure 4. 3: Frequency and percentage distribution of level of attitude on selfie syndrome among adolescents in
control group
 SECTION - III
To compare the post test level of knowledge on effectiveness of computer
assisted teaching programme on knowledge regarding selfie syndrome
among adolescents in experimental and control group.
Table-4.3: Mean, standard deviation, paired ‘t’ test values of pretest and
posttest level of knowledge regarding selfie syndrome among adolescents
in experimental and control group.

Pre-Test Post Test Paired‘t’

Group test
Standard Standard
Mean S.E Mean S.E
Deviation Deviation
t = 18.582
df = 29*
Experimental
9.76 3.5 0.66 31.10 5.17 p=<0.001
Group 0.96 S

t = 1.270
9.46 3.24 0.60 9.000 2.91 df= 29
Control 0.54
p=0.002
Group
NS

Table 4.3 - Represents mean, standard deviation, paired ‘t’ test values of the
experimental group and control group. Experimental group pret est mean
was
9.76 with standard deviation ±3.57 and standard error 0.66 andpost test mean was
31.10 with standard deviation ±5.17 and standarderror 0.96 and paired ‘t ’test
value 18.582, df value 29 and ‘p’value is<0.001 which was significant at
p<0.05 level. Control group pre test mean was 9.46 with standard deviation
±3.24 and standard error 0.60 and post test mean 9.0 with Standard deviation
±2.91 and standard error 0.54 and paired ‘t’ test value 1.270, df=29 and ‘p’value
0.214 which was not significant at p<0.05 level.
 Table-4.10: Mean, standard deviation, paired‘t’ test values of pre test and
post test level of Attitude regarding prevention of cervical cancer among rural
women in experimental and control group.

Pre Test Post Test

Paired ‘t’
Stand
Group Standard ard test
Mean S.E Mean S.E
Deviation Deviat
ion
t =18.62
df= 29*
Experimenta
4.16 1.62 0.30 23.6 5.23 0.97 p=<0.001
lGroup
S
t=1.632
df= 29
Contro
4.16 1.62 0.30 5.5 3.11 0.57 p=0.056
lGroup
NS

S - Significant at level of p<0.05 NS- Not significant

Table 4.10 - Represents mean, standard deviation, standard error and paired‘t’
test values of the experimental group and control group. Experimental group
pre test mean was 4.16 with standard deviation ±1.62,standard error 0.30
and post test mean was 23.6 with standard deviation ±5.23,standard error0.97
and paired ‘t ’test value 18.62,df 29 and ‘p’value is <0.001 which was
significant at p<0.05 level. Control group pretest mean was 4.16 with standard
deviation 1.62, standard error 0.30 and post test mean was 5.5with standard
deviation
±3.11,standard error 0.57,df 29and paired ‘t’ test value 2.20, which was not
significant at p<0.05 level.
Table-4.11: Mean, standard deviation, Independent ‘t’ test values of pretest
and post test level of knowledge regarding selfie syndrome among adolescents
in experimental and control group. (n=30+30)

Control Group Independent

Experimental Group
Group ‘t’ test
Standard S.E Standard S.E
Mean Mean
Deviation Deviation
t =0.340
df= 58
Pre test 9.6 3.57 0.66 9.46 3.24 0.60
p=0.367
NS
t=20.38
df= 58*
Post test 31.1 5.17 0.96 9 2.91 0.54
p=0.001
S
S - Significant at level of p<0.05 NS- Not significant

Table 4.11 - Represents mean, standard deviation, standard error and independent
‘t’ test values of the experimental group and control group.Experimental group level
of knowledge in pre test mean was 9.6 with standard deviation ±3.57,standard error
0.66 and Control group pre testmean was 9.46 with standard deviation 3.24,standard
error
0.60 and independent ‘t ’test value 0.34 ,df value 58 and ‘p’value is 0.367 which
was not significant at p>0.05 level and experimental post test mean was 31.1with
standard deviation ±5.17,standard error 0.96 and Control group post test mean was 9
with standard deviation 2.91,standard error 0.54 and independent ‘t ’test value 20.38
,df value 58 and ‘p’value is 0.001 which wassignificant at p<0.05 level.
Table-4.13: Mean, standard deviation, Independent ‘t’ test values of pretest
and post test level of attitude regarding selfie syndrome among adolescents in
experimental and control group. (n=30+30)

Control Group Independent

Experimental Group
Group ‘t’ test
Standard S.E Standard S.E
Mean Mean
Deviation Deviation
t =0
df= 58
Pre test 4.16 1.62 0.30 4.16 1.62 0.30 p=0.5
NS
t=16.27
df= 58*
Post test 23.6 5.23 0.97 5.5 3.11 0.57 p=0.001
S

S - Significant at level of p<0.05 NS- Not significant

Table 4.13 - Represents mean, standard deviation, standard error and independent ‘t’
test values of the experimental group and control group.Experimental group level of
attitude pretest mean was 4.16 with standard deviation ±1.62, standard error 0.30 and
pre control mean 4.16, standard deviation ±1.62, standard error 0.30, and independent
‘t ’test value 0 ,df value 58 and ‘p’value is 0.5 which was not significant at p>0.05
level. Post test experimental group mean was 23.6 with standard deviation ±5.23

, standard error 0.97 and Post test Control group mean was 5.5 with standard
deviation 3.11,standard error 0.57 and independent ‘t ’test value 16.27 ,df value 58
and ‘p’value is 0.001 which was significant at p<0.05 level.
 SECTION - V
Table-4.4: Association between post-test level of knowledge scores among
adolescents with their selected demographic variables in experimental group.
(n=30)
Post-test Level of knowledge
S.No Demographi Moderate Adequate Chi-
cvariables square
F % F % value
(2)
Age
a)16years 2 6.7% 8 26.7% 2: 2.6
1. b) 17 years 2 6.7% 8 26.7%
df :3
c) 18years 1 3.3% 7 23.3%
p: 0.46
d) >18 years 1 3.3% 1 3.3%
NS
2. Gender 2: 1.8
Male 8 26.6% 6 20.0% df:2
Female 9 30.0% 7 23.3% p: 0.0024
NS
Year of Education
a) BSc Nursing 1st year 33.3% 30.0% 2: 3.82
10 9
df:2
p: 0.53
3. b) BSc Nursing 2nd year 7 23.3% 4 13.3%
NS
Residence
2: 5.25
a) Hostler
b) Staying with parents 3 10.0% 7 23.3% df :3

c)Staying with friends 1 3.33% 5 16.6% p: 0.15

4.
4 13.3% 3 10.0% NS
d)Staying with relatives
5 13.3% 2 6.7%
 Branch/Group
a) Bipc 3 10.0% 7 23.3%
2: 2.24
5. b) Mpc 3 10% 3 10.0%
df :3
c) HEC 2 6.6% 5 6.7%
p: 0.32
d) Oters 1 3.3% 6 20%
NS
Source of Information
a) Family 1 3.3% 2 6.6% 2: 2.16
b) Friends 2 6.6% 2 6.6%
df :3
c)Media 6 20.0% 5 16.6% p: 0.001
6. d)Professional advice S
4 13.3% 9 30.0%

Family Income
2: 3.39
a) <10000 df :2
2 6.6% 2 6.6% p: 0.18
b) 10000-20000
2 NS
c) 20000-30000 6.6% 3 13.3%
7.
7 23.3% 6 10%
d) >30000
2 13.3% 6 26.6%

Most frequently used

social media
What’s app 3.35 2 6.6%
1 2: 2.31
Face book 6.6% 2 6.6% df :3
8. 2 p: 0.53
Instagram 10.0% 4 13.3% S
6
Others 13.3% 9 30.0%
4
Previous knowledge
about selfie syndrome 2: 2.24
Yes 30.0% 23.3% df :3
9. 9 7
p: 0.32
No 26.6% 6 10.0% NS
8
Table 4.16 Results the association between knowledge scores among women’s
with their Demographic Variables. The calculated chi-square valueof post test
knowledge scores of experimental group are age in years (χ2 = 2.26), Gender (χ2 =
1.88), Year of education (χ2 = 3.82), Residence (χ2 =5.85), Branch/Group (χ2
=2.24), source of information (χ2 = 2.16),Family Income (χ2 = 3.39), and Most
frequently used social media (χ2 = 2.31) and Previous knowledge about selfie
syndrome (χ2 = 2.24),Most frequently used social media (χ2 = 2.31), were
statistically not significant at the level p>0.05.
Table-4.4: Association between post-test level of attitude scores among
adolescents with their selected demographic variables in experimental group.

Post-test Level of knowledge

S.No Demographi Moderate Adequate Chi-
cvariables square
F % F % value
(2)
Age
a)16years 1 3.3% 6 26.7% 2: 5.88
1. e) 17 years 1 3.3% 7 26.7%
df :3
f) 18years 4 13.3% 2 23.3%
p: 0.46
g) >18 years 3 10.0% 6 3.3%
NS
2. Gender 2:
1.55
Male 8 26.6% 6 20.0% df:2
Female 9 30.0% 7 23.3% p: 0.0024
NS
Year of Education
a) BSc Nursing 1st year 23.3% 30.0% 2: 2.47
7 9
df:2
p: 0.53
3. b) BSc Nursing 2nd year 10 33.3% 4 13.3%
NS
Residence
2: 1.69
a) Hostler
b) Staying with parents 1 10.0% 7 23.3% df :3

c)Staying with friends 1 3.33% 3 16.6% p: 0.15

4.
5 13.3% 6 10.0% NS
d)Staying with relatives
2 13.3% 5 6.7%
 Branch/Group
a) Bipc 2 6.6% 4 13.3%
2: 2.24
5. b) Mpc 2 6.6% 11 36.6%
df :3
e) HEC 5 16.6% 6 20.0%
p: 0.32
f) Oters 0 3.3% 0 0%
NS
Source of Information
a) Family 5 3.3% 19 6.6% 2: 4.80
b) Friends 4 6.6% 2 6.6%
df :1
c)Media 0 20.0% 0 16.6% p: 0.0028
6. d)Professional advice S
0 13.3% 0 30.0%

Family Income
2: 3.39
e) <10000 df :2
2 6.6% 2 6.6% p: 0.18
f) 10000-20000
2 NS
g) 20000-30000 6.6% 3 13.3%
7.
7 23.3% 6 10%
h) >30000
2 13.3% 6 26.6%

Most frequently used

social media
What’s app 3.35 2 6.6%
1 2: 2.31
Face book 6.6% 2 6.6% df :3
8. 2 p: 0.53
Instagram 10.0% 4 13.3% S
6
Others 13.3% 9 30.0%
4
Previous knowledge
about selfie syndrome 2: 2.24
Yes 30.0% 23.3% df :3
9. 9 7
p: 0.32
No 26.6% 6 10.0% NS
8
Table 4.16 Results the association between knowledge scores among adolescents
with their Demographic Variables. The calculated chi-square valueof post test
knowledge scores of experimental group are age in years (χ2 = 5.88), Gender (χ2 =
1.55), Year of education (χ2 = 2.47), Residence (χ2 =1.69), Branch/Group (χ2
=2.24), source of information (χ2 = 4.80),Family Income (χ2 = 3.39), and Most
frequently used social media (χ2 = 2.31) and Previous knowledge about selfie
syndrome (χ2 = 2.24),Most frequently used social media (χ2 = 2.31), were
statistically not significant at the level p>0.05.
 CHAPTER-V
DISCUSSION
This chapter deals with discussion which was based on the findings obtainedfrom the
statistical analysis and its relation to the objectives of the study, theconceptual frame
work and the related literature.
The statement for this study was
A study to assess the effectiveness of computer assisted teaching programme on
knowledge regarding selfie syndrome among adolescents at selected
intermediate colleges, guntur.
OBJECTIVES OF THE STUDY
1. To assess the pretest and post test knowledge and attitude score regarding the
selfie syndrome among adolescents in both experimental group and control
group.
2. To determine the effectiveness of computer assisted teaching program on
knowledge and attitude score regarding selfie syndrome among adolescents in
both experimental group and control group.
3. To compare pretest and Post test knowledge score and attitude of the adolescents
in both experimental group and control group.
4. To find out association between post test knowledge and attitude score of
adolescents regarding selfie syndrome a selected demographic variable.
HYPOTHESIS
Hypothesis is the most important mental tool the researcher has. It is an assumption
statement about the relationship between 2 or more variables that suggest an answer
to the research questions “a hypothesis is a statement of researcher’s expectation
about relation between variables.

H1. There is a significant difference between pre and post test knowledge and
attitude regarding selfie syndrome among adolescents.

H2. There is a significant association between pre and post test knowledge with their
selected demographic variables regarding selfie syndrome among adolescents with
their selected variables.
1. To assess the level of knowledge regarding bronchial asthma among
industrial workers in experimental and control group
Data analysis showed that Frequency and percentage distribution of pre and post test
level of knowledge shows in experimental group during pretest 27(90.0%) had
inadequate knowledge, 3(10.0%) had Moderate knowledge and 0 (0%) had
Adequate knowledge. Where as in post test, 0(0.0%) Inadequate knowledge,
2(6.6%) had moderate knowledge and 28 (93.3%) had Adequate knowledge.
Data analysis showed that frequency and percentage distribution of pre and posttest
level of knowledge shows in control group during pretest 29(96.6%) had
inadequate knowledge, 1(3.3%) had Moderate knowledge and 0 (0%) had
Adequate knowledge. Where as in posttest, 29(96.6%) Inadequate knowledge,
1(3.3%) had moderate knowledge and 4 (0%) had Adequate knowledge.
Data analysis showed frequency and percentage distribution of pre and post test
level of attitude shows in experimental group during pretest 30(100.0%) had
Negative attitude, 0(0%) had neutral attitude and 0(0%) had positive attitude.
Where as in post test, 0(0%) had Negative attitude, 9(30%) had Neutral attitude
and 21 ( 70%) had positive attitude.
Mr. Virendra Singh, Nursing Lecturer, Govt. College of Nursing
Photography is seen as a powerful means of expression, as a symbolic language to
express what cannot be said in words, and as a stimulator of emotions and
behaviors about which often are not aware. The term the word "selfie", is declared
as the "word of the year" by the Oxford English Dictionary. Selfie fever has taken a
new dimension known as ‘selfitis’. It is a non-experimental study carried out on the
nursing students in nursing training institutes in Bikaner city, Rajasthan. A study
was conducted during the year of 2018 and 200 nursing students who are under
training of GNM, B.Sc. nursing and M.Sc. Nursing were selected by using multi
stage random sampling. Self developed questionnaire, Selfitis behavior scale and
structured questionnaire used to collect the date from participants. Based on the
finding of the majority of 141(70.5%) nursing students has moderate selfitis
behavior followed by 59(29.50%) nursing students has severe Selfitis Behaviour
and no candidate has mild Selfitis. The mean score of selfitis behaviour was 62.595
with SD 12.334. Based on findings there was no significant association of back
ground variable with the level of selfitis except type of course in which student is
admitted for nursing training. The present study has proved that selfie syndrome is
dominantly developing craze of modern era due to modern fat changes in
technologies. From the finding of the present study it is concluded that the majority
of nursing students have moderate selfitis behaviour.

Data analysis showed Frequency and percentage distribution of pre and post test
level of attitude shows in control group during pretest 30(100.0%) had Negative
attitude, 0(0%) had Neutral attitude and 0(0%) and 0(0%) had positive . Where as
in post test, 25(83.3%) had Negative attitude, 5(16.6%) and 0(0%) had positive
attitude.

There is a significant increase in the level of knowledge regarding knowledge and

attitude among adolescents in experimental and control group Hence H1 was
accepted.
2.To determine the effectiveness of computer assisted teaching programme on
knowledge regarding selfie syndrome among adolescents in experimental
group.
Data showed represents mean, standard deviation, paired ‘t’ test values of the
experimental group and control group. Experimental group pret est meanwas
24.83 with standard deviation ±2.198, standard error 0.56 and post test mean was
82.80 with standard deviation ±8.58, standard error 0.96 and paired ‘t ’test value
19.267 df 29 and ‘p’value is < 0.001 which was significant at p<0.05 level. Control
group pretest mean was 16.25 withstandard deviation ±3.19, standard error
0.60and post test mean was with standard deviation ±54 and paired ‘t’ test value
1.290, df 29 and ‘p’ value is 0.095 which was not significant at p<0.05 level.
Data showed represents mean, standard deviation, standard error and independent
‘t’ test values of the experimental group and control group.Experimental group
level of knowledge in pretest mean was 9.6 with standard deviation ±3.57,standard
error
0.66 and Control group pret estmean was 9.46 with standard deviation
3.24,standard error 0.60 and independent ‘t ’test value 0.34 ,df value 58 and
‘p’value is 0.367 which was not significant at p>0.05 level and experimental post
test mean was 31.1with standard deviation ±5.17,standard error 0.96 and Control
group post test mean was 9 with standard deviation 2.91,standard error 0.54 and
independent ‘t ’test value 20.38 ,df value 58 and ‘p’value is 0.001 which
wassignificant at p<0.05 level. To compare the post test level of knowledge
regarding selfie syndrome among adolescents in experimental and control
group
Data analysis showed that Frequency and percentage distribution of pre and post test
level of knowledge shows in experimental group during pretest 27(90.0%) had
inadequate knowledge, 3(10.0%) had Moderate knowledge and 0 (0%) had
Adequate knowledge. Where as in post test, 0(0.0%) Inadequate knowledge,
2(6.6%) had moderate knowledge and 28 (93.3%) had Adequate knowledge.
Data analysis showed that frequency and percentage distribution of pre and posttest
level of knowledge shows in control group during pretest 29(96.6%) had
inadequate
knowledge, 1(3.3%) had Moderate knowledge and 0 (0%) had Adequate
knowledge. Where as in posttest, 29(96.6%) Inadequate knowledge, 1(3.3%) had
moderate knowledge and 4 (0%) had Adequate knowledge.
Rajesh Joshi UNICEF has reported that hunger and related protein energy
malnutrition as the greatest single threat to the world's public health. One in every
three malnourished children of the world lives in India1Aims and Objectives-To
assess the existing knowledge regarding protein energy malnutrition among mother
of under five-year children. To determine the effectiveness of self-instructional
module. To compare the knowledge of protein energy malnutrition with selected
demographic variables. Material and Methods-The data were collected from 30
Mothers of under five children by purposive sampling techniques with the use
structured questionnaire and one group pretest posttest design was used. Result-
Mother of under five year children had good knowledge with effectiveness of
19.23%. There was highly significant difference found between pretest and posttest
knowledge scores and there was significant association found between knowledge
scores with demographic variables like age of mothers of under five year children
and other no association was found with other variables. Conclusion-SIM found to
be effective in improving the knowledge of mothers of under five year children.
Data analysis showed frequency and percentage distribution of pre and post test
level of attitude shows in experimental group during pretest 30(100.0%) had
Negative attitude, 0(0%) had neutral attitude and 0(0%) had positive attitude.
Where as in post test, 0(0%) had Negative attitude, 9(30%) had Neutral attitude
and 21 ( 70%) had positive attitude.

Data analysis showed Frequency and percentage distribution of pre and post test
level of attitude shows in control group during pretest 30(100.0%) had Negative
attitude, 0(0%) had Neutral attitude and 0(0%) and 0(0%) had positive. Where as
in post test, 25(83.3%) had Negative attitude, 5(16.6%) and 0(0%) had positive
attitude.

To determine the effectiveness of planned teaching programme on knowledge,

practice and attitude regarding prevention of cervical cancer among women
in experimental group
Data showed represents mean, standard deviation, paired ‘t’ test values ofthe
experimental group and control group. Experimental group pret est mean
was
9.76 with standard deviation ±3.57 and standard error 0.66 and post test mean
was 31.10 with standard deviation ±5.17 and standarderror 0.96 and paired ‘t
’test value 18.582, df value 29 and ‘p’value is<0.001 which was significant
at p<0.05 level. Control group pre test mean was 9.46 with standard deviation
±3.24 and standard error 0.60 and post test mean 9.0 with Standard deviation
±2.91 and standard error 0.54 and paired ‘t’ test value 1.270, df=29 and ‘p’value
0.214 which was not significant at p<0.05 level.

Mrs. Deva Pon Pushpam. I Over a period of time, technological

advancement has given us new addiction disorders. Last two decades were known
for computer addiction disorder and internet addiction disorders. Smartphone has
intruded in our daily life so much that without which we cannot survive. Many of
today generation smart phones are equipped with high resolution camera; we call
it “selfie” camera. Contributing to this the preference for front camera phones has
been increased dramatically within few years. A descriptive study was conducted
to assess selfie syndrome (level of selfitis) and selfitis behavior among B.Sc
Nursing students. Simple random sampling technique was used to select 100 B.Sc
Nursing students. Structured questionnaire to assess selfie syndrome and selfitis
behavior scale were used to collect the data from the participants. The results
revealed that majority (79%) of the students had borderline selfitis and majority
(51%) of the students had moderate selfitis behavior. There was a significant
association between selfitis behavior and age.

Data showed represents mean, standard deviation, standard error and paired‘t’
test values of the experimental group and control group. Experimental group
pre test mean was 4.16 with standard deviation ±1.62,standard error 0.30
and post test mean was 23.6 with standard deviation ±5.23,standard error0.97
and paired ‘t ’test value 18.62,df 29 and ‘p’value is <0.001 which was
significant at p<0.05 level. Control group pretest mean was 4.16 with standard
deviation 1.62, standard error 0.30 and post test mean was 5.5with standard
deviation
±3.11,standard error 0.57,df 29and paired ‘t’ test value 2.20, which was not
significant at p<0.05 level.
Data showed represents mean, standard deviation, standard error and independent ‘t’
test values of the experimental group and control group.Experimental group level of
attitude pretest mean was 4.16 with standard deviation ±1.62, standard error 0.30 and
pre control mean 4.16, standard deviation ±1.62,standard error 0.30, and independent
‘t ’test value 0 ,df value 58 and ‘p’value is 0.5 which was not significant at p>0.05
level. Post test experimental group mean was 23.6 with standard deviation ±5.23

, standard error 0.97 and Post test Control group mean was 5.5 with standard
deviation 3.11,standard error 0.57 and independent ‘t ’test value 16.27 ,df value 58
and ‘p’value is 0.001 which was significant at p<0.05 level.
To find out the association between the post test level of knowledge in the
selected demographic variables among student nurses in experimental and
control group.

Data analyzed showed the results the association between knowledge scores
among adolescent with their Demographic Variables. The calculated chi-square
valueof post test knowledge scores of experimental group are age in years (χ2 =
2.26), Gender (χ2 = 1.88), Year of education (χ2 = 3.82), Residence (χ2 =5.85),
Branch/Group (χ2
=2.24), source of information (χ2 = 2.16),Family Income (χ2 = 3.39), and Most
frequently used social media (χ2 = 2.31) and Previous knowledge about selfie
syndrome (χ2 = 2.24),Most frequently used social media (χ2 = 2.31), were
statistically not significant at the level p>0.05.
Sarbrinder Kaur “A descriptive study was conducted to assess knowlegde
regarding the prevalence and risk factors of Urinary Tract Infection among the
nursing students at S.G.R.D. Nursing girls’ hostel, Vallah, Amritsar, Punjab. 2015.
Data was collected by Self Structured questionnaire and convenient sampling. The
result revealed that the majority of nursing students have moderate knowledge
regarding prevalence and risk factors of Urinary Tract Infection among the nursing
students. Objectives To assess the knowledge of the prevalence and risk factors of
UTI among the nursing students. To determine the association of knowledge level
of nursing students regarding the UTI to selected demographic variables. Research
Methodology: Research design- Descriptive research design Research setting-
S.G.R.D. Nursing Hostel Vallah, Amritsar Target population- Nursing students
Sample size- 54 Nursing Students Sampling Technique- Convenient sampling
technique Result and conclusion-The result of the study revealed that the majority
of nursing students that is 83.3% have moderate knowledge, 9.3% of students have
inadequate knowledge and 7.7% of students have adequate knowledge. The
association of level of knowledge score with all variables is non-significant at
p>0.05 except source of information at p<0.05 level.

Data analyzed showed results the association between attitude scores among
 women’s with their Demographic Variables. The calculated chi-square valueof
post test knowledge scores of experimental group are age in years (χ2 = 5.88),
Gender (χ2
= 1.55), Year of education (χ2 = 2.47), Residence (χ2 =1.69), Branch/Group (χ2
=2.24), source of information (χ2 = 4.80),Family Income (χ2 = 3.39), and Most
frequently used social media (χ2 = 2.31) and Previous knowledge about selfie
syndrome (χ2 = 2.24),Most frequently used social media (χ2 = 2.31), were
statistically not significant at the level p>0.05.

There is significant association between post test knowledge scores of experimental

and control groups with their demographic variables. Hence H2 was accepted.
 CHAPTER-VI
SUMMARY, CONCLUSION,
IMPLICATION
ANDRECOMMENDATIONS AND
LIMITATIONS

This chapter deals with the summary of the study, its findings, conclusion and
implication for nursing administration, nursing practice, nursing education and
nursing research. The study has been started with few limitations and ends with
suggestions and recommendations for research in future.
Summary

The study was conducted with primary objective of effectiveness of video

teaching programme on knowledge regarding nosocomial infection ,the quasi
experimental design with post test control group design was selected 30
experimental and 30 control group selected from the selected colleges at Guntur,
the setting was Chaitanya college which is located 6 kilometer away from the
SIMS college on nursing and bashyam college Which is located 6 kilometers away
from the SIMS college of nursing at Guntur the accessible population of the
present study was student nurses in selected colleges tool and standardized scale
used for data collection on selfie syndrome was given to industrial workers only
for experimental group and data was analyzed by using the descriptive and
inferential statistics’ the result of the study were as following

Major findings
 In experimental group highest number of adolescents 12(40.0%) were in the age
group of 16 years, where as in control group highest number of adoloscents
16(53.0%) were in the age group of 17 years.

 In experimental group highest number of adolescents 16(53.3%) were males,

 where as in control group highest number of adolescents 17(56.6%) were females

 In experimental group highest number of adolescents 15(50%) were

Intermediate 1st year, where as in control group highest number of adolescents
15 (50.0%) were Intermediate 1st year.

 In experimental group highest number of adolescents 11(36.6%) were in MPC

area, where as in control group highest number of adolescents 10 (33.3%) were
BiPc.

 In experimental group highest number of adolescents 18(60.0%) were hostlers.

where as in control group highest number of adolescents 18 (60.0%) were
staying with hostlers.

 In experimental group highest number of adolescents 14(46.6%) had

information from media. where as in control group highest number of
adolescents 10(33.3%) had information from media.

 In experimental group highest number of adolescents 19(63.3%) had >30000/-

family income. where as in control group highest number of adolescents
10(33.3%) had family income 10000-20000/-.

 In experimental group highest number of adolescents 18(60.0%) were using

Instagram most frequently. where as in control group highest number of
adolescents 10(33.3%) were using Instagram most frequently.

 In experimental group highest number of adolescents 18(60.0%) were using

Instagram most frequently. where as in control group highest number of
adolescents 10(33.3%) were using Instagram most frequently.
 Data analysis showed frequency and percentage distribution of pre and post test
level of knowledge shows in experimental group during pretest 27(90.0%) had
inadequate knowledge, 3(10.0%) had Moderate knowledge and 0 (0%) had
Adequate knowledge. Where as in post test, 0(0.0%) Inadequate knowledge,
 2(6.6%) had moderate knowledge and 28 (93.3%) had Adequate knowledge.
 Data analysis showed frequency and percentage distribution of pre and posttest
level of knowledge shows in control group during pretest 29(96.6%) had
inadequate knowledge, 1(3.3%) had Moderate knowledge and 0 (0%) had
Adequate knowledge. Where as in posttest, 29(96.6%) Inadequate knowledge,
1(3.3%) had moderate knowledge and 4 (0%) had Adequate knowledge.
 Data analysis showed frequency and percentage distribution of pre and post test
level of attitude shows in experimental group during pretest 30(100.0%) had
Negative attitude, 0(0%) had neutral attitude and 0(0%) had positive attitude.
Where as in post test, 0(0%) had Negative attitude, 9(30%) had Neutral attitude
and 21 ( 70%) had positive attitude

 Data analysis showed frequency and percentage distribution of pre and post test
level of attitude shows in control group during pretest 30(100.0%) had Negative
attitude, 0(0%) had Neutral attitude and 0(0%) and 0(0%) had positive . Where as
in post test, 25(83.3%) had Negative attitude, 5(16.6%) and 0(0%) had positive
attitude.
 There is a significant increase in the level of knowledge regarding knowledge on
bronchial asthma among industrial workers in experimental and control group
Hence H1 was accepted.

Data analyzed showed the association between knowledge scores among

adolescents with their Demographic Variables. The calculated chi-square
valueof post test knowledge scores of experimental group are age in years (χ2 =
2.26), Gender (χ2 = 1.88), Year of education (χ2 = 3.82), Residence (χ2 =5.85),
Branch/Group (χ2 =2.24), source of information (χ2 = 2.16),Family Income (χ2 =
3.39), and Most frequently used social media (χ2 = 2.31) and Previous
knowledge about selfie syndrome (χ2 = 2.24),Most frequently used social media
(χ2 = 2.31), were statistically not significant at the level p>0.05.
 Data analysed showed the results the association between knowledge scores among
adolescent with their Demographic Variables. The calculated chi-square valueof
posttest knowledge scores of experimental group are age in years (χ2 = 5.88),
Gender (χ2 = 1.55), Year of education (χ2 = 2.47), Residence (χ2 =1.69),
Branch/Group (χ2
=2.24), source of information (χ2 = 4.80),Family Income (χ2 = 3.39), and Most
frequently used social media (χ2 = 2.31) and Previous knowledge about selfie
syndrome (χ2 = 2.24),Most frequently used social media (χ2 = 2.31), were
statistically not significant at the level p>0.05.

Data analysed showed the results the association between knowledge scores among
adolescent with their Demographic Variables. The calculated chi-square valueof
posttest knowledge scores of experimental group are age in years (χ2 = 5.88),
Gender (χ2 = 1.55), Year of education (χ2 = 2.47), Residence (χ2 =1.69),
Branch/Group (χ2
=2.24), source of information (χ2 = 4.80),Family Income (χ2 = 3.39), and Most
frequently used social media (χ2 = 2.31) and Previous knowledge about selfie
syndrome (χ2 = 2.24),Most frequently used social media (χ2 = 2.31), were
statistically not significant at the level p>0.05.
Implications Nursing practice
 Computer assisted teaching programme is an important aspect of nursing practice
for effective education to the industrial workers to gain knowledge and attitude
regarding selfie syndrome among adolescents at Guntur. Thus, the knowledge will
influence better attitude and practice on selfie syndrome.
 Present study indicates all adolescents should aware of, supervising, teaching,
improving the knowledge regarding selfie syndrome.
 Health information can be imparted through mass media i.e. through radio,
television, documentary films, pamphlets, posters and information booklets,
clinical training, in-service education.
 Nursing education
 Nurse educator should educate the industrial workers regarding the
knowledge and attitude regarding selfie syndrome.
 The results of the study emphasis that the need for awareness about selfie
syndrome.
 The industrial workers should be given an opportunity to participate in
health education programme conducted in the colleges.
 Adolescents should take a positive step to impart health education inpractice.
 Health education and awareness programmes should be conducted tomeet the
current changes in the field.
Nursing administration
 The nursing administrator who is the member the planning committee must
provide suggestions to have interred departmental, intra departmental and extra
departmental communication for the development of structured teaching
programme.
 The health education cell in nursing service department can be facilitated by
data obtained from the study.
Nursing research
 The survey provides base line data for conducting other researchstudies.
 The findings of the study help the nurse researcher to develop an insight to
improve knowledge of industrial workers regarding selfie syndrome.
 Research should be done on Knowledge and attitude regarding selfie syndrome.
 This study may issue for further references.

Recommendations
Research is never ending process of acquiring knowledge and it enhances
the researcher to think critically and accomplish things creatively.
 A similar study on a large sample may help to draw more definite
conclusions and make generalization.
  Computer assisted teaching programme on specific knowledge and
attitude regarding selfie syndrome can be prepared to educate the
industrial workers
 A similar study can be done on different topics also.
 A similar study can be done by using randomized sampling technique.
Same study can be conducted for large sample.
 Similar study can be conducted in various settings.
 Comparative studies can be conducted through computer assisted teaching
programme on knowledge and attitude regarding selfie syndrome among
industrial workers and between different populations
Limitations
 The sample reflects only two intermediate colleges, at Guntur.
 The findings of the study cannot be generalized to entire Guntur.
 The study is limited with generalizability because the researcher assessed only
knowledge and attitude regarding selfie syndrome among adolescents at Guntur
Conclusion
 The study was conducted to assess the effectiveness of computer assisted teaching
programme on knowledge regarding selfie syndrome among adolescents in selected
colleges,at Guntur.
 Data analysis showed frequency and percentage distribution of pre and post test
level of knowledge shows in experimental group during pretest 27(90.0%) had
inadequate knowledge, 3(10.0%) had Moderate knowledge and 0 (0%) had
Adequate knowledge. Where as in post test, 0(0.0%) Inadequate knowledge,
2(6.6%) had moderate knowledge and 28 (93.3%) had Adequate knowledge.
 Data analysis showed frequency and percentage distribution of pre and posttest level
of knowledge shows in control group during pretest 29(96.6%) had inadequate
knowledge, 1(3.3%) had Moderate knowledge and 0 (0%) had Adequate knowledge.
Where as in posttest, 29(96.6%) Inadequate knowledge, 1(3.3%) had moderate
 knowledge and 4 (0%) had Adequate knowledge.
 Data analysis showed frequency and percentage distribution of pre and post test
level of attitude shows in experimental group during pretest 30(100.0%) had
Negative attitude, 0(0%) had neutral attitude and 0(0%) had positive attitude. Where
as in post test, 0(0%) had Negative attitude, 9(30%) had Neutral attitude and 21
( 70%) had positive attitude

 Data analysis showed frequency and percentage distribution of pre and post test
level of attitude shows in control group during pretest 30(100.0%) had Negative
attitude, 0(0%) had Neutral attitude and 0(0%) and 0(0%) had positive . Where as in
post test, 25(83.3%) had Negative attitude, 5(16.6%) and 0(0%) had positive
attitude.
 There is a significant increase in the level of knowledge regarding knowledge on
bronchial asthma among industrial workers in experimental and control group
Hence H1 was accepted.

Data analyzed showed the association between knowledge scores among

adolescents with their Demographic Variables. The calculated chi-square valueof
post test knowledge scores of experimental group are age in years (χ2 = 2.26),
Gender (χ2 = 1.88), Year of education (χ2 = 3.82), Residence (χ2 =5.85),
Branch/Group (χ2
=2.24), source of information (χ2 = 2.16),Family Income (χ2 = 3.39), and Most
frequently used social media (χ2 = 2.31) and Previous knowledge about selfie
syndrome (χ2 = 2.24),Most frequently used social media (χ2 = 2.31), were
statistically not significant at the level p>0.05.

Data analysed showed the results the association between knowledge scores among
adolescent with their Demographic Variables. The calculated chi-square valueof
posttest knowledge scores of experimental group are age in years (χ2 = 5.88),
Gender (χ2 = 1.55), Year of education (χ2 = 2.47), Residence (χ2 =1.69),
Branch/Group (χ2
=2.24), source of information (χ2 = 4.80),Family Income (χ2 = 3.39), and Most
frequently used social media (χ2 = 2.31) and Previous knowledge about selfie
syndrome (χ2 = 2.24),Most frequently used social media (χ2 = 2.31), were
statistically not significant at the level p>0.05.

Data analysed showed the results the association between knowledge scores among
adolescent with their Demographic Variables. The calculated chi-square valueof
posttest knowledge scores of experimental group are age in years (χ2 = 5.88),
Gender (χ2 = 1.55), Year of education (χ2 = 2.47), Residence (χ2 =1.69),
Branch/Group (χ2
=2.24), source of information (χ2 = 4.80),Family Income (χ2 = 3.39), and Most
frequently used social media (χ2 = 2.31) and Previous knowledge about selfie
syndrome (χ2 = 2.24),Most frequently used social media (χ2 = 2.31), were
statistically not significant at the level p>0.05.
 SECTION-1
SOCIO-DEMOGRAPHIC DATA

1. Age in years ( )
a. 16 to 20 years
b. 21 to 25 years
c. 26 to 30 years
d. Above 30 years

2. Gender ( )
a. Male
b. Female

3. Number of selfies taken per day ( )

a. 1 to 4 selfies
b. 5 to 8 selfies
c. More than 8 selfies
d. None

4. Number of postings per day ( )

a. None
b. At least one time to three times
c. More than three times
5.Residential ( )
a. Hostler
b. Non-Hostler
c. Staying at relative’s house
6.Mobile device used ( )
a. Android
b. Window
c. iPhone
 d. Others
7. Social network account ( )
a. Facebook
b. Instagram
c. WhatsApp
d. All of the above

8. Financial Status ( )
a. Upper Class
b. Middle Class
c. Lower Class
d. Others
 SECTION-2
1. What is selfie syndrome ( )
a. It is an obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) to take photo of
oneself and publish it onto social media
b. It is an obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) of doing repeated activities
c. It is an obsessive-compulsive dissociation
d. None of the above

2. What is borderline selfitis ( )

a. Take photos at least 3 time a day and post in the social media
b. Take photos at least 3 time a day but don’t post in the social media
c. Take photos at least 4 time a day but don’t post in the social media
d. Take photos at least 4 time a day and post in the social media

3. What is Chronic selfitis ( )

a. Take photos at least 3 times a day
b. Take photos at least 4 time a day
c. Uncontrollable urge to take photos
d. All of the above

4. Causes of Selfie Syndrome ( )

a. Relishing the environment
b. Social competition
c. Attention seeking
d. All of the above

5. What are the withdrawal symptoms of selfie syndrome ( )

a. Constant restlessness and irritation

b. An abrupt change in behavior towards the peer.
c. Lack of self-confidence
d. All of the above
 6. What are the effects of selfie addiction ( )
a. Grandiosity
b. Narcissism
c. Both a & b
d. None of the above

7. First Selfie taken in which year ( )

a. 2003
b. 1839
c. 1958
d. 1947

8. Who found the first Selfie ( )

a. Robert Cornelius
b. Einstein
c. Columbus
d. All of the above

9. In which Oxford English dictionary was elected declared ‘Selfie’ as a word

of year ( )
a. 1991
b. 2000
c. 2013
d. 2015

10. Who will take more selfies ( )

a. Men
b. Women
c. Old age People
d. All of the above

12. Which group of people are more addicted to selfie ( )

a. <5 years
b. 10-15 years
c. 18-35 years
d. >50 years

13. Where can be the selfie posted ( )

a. Facebook
b. Instagram
c. LinkedIn
d. All of the above

14. What are the health issues caused by selfies ( )

a. Madness
b. Defective Vision
c. Bipolar Disorder
d. a, b,&c

1. https://en.tempo.co/read/1655640/selfitis-behavior-classification-and-
causes-of-the-addiction-of-taking- selfie#:~:text=It%20is%20called
%20'selfitis'%20when,fill%20a%20gap% 20in%20intimacy.
2. https://ijanm.com/ShowPDF_Paper.aspx
3.https://www.lybrate.com/topic/treatment-for-selfie-addiction
4.https://www.slideshare.net/FatimaZahra248/selfie-addiction-250791330
5.https://www.slideshare.net/FatimaZahra248/selfie-addiction-250791330
 Teaching
S.No Objectives Time Content A.V Aids & Learning Evaluation
methods

SELFIE SYNDROME

Defined as the obsessive-compulsive desire

What is
1. Definition 2 min to take photos of one’s self and post them on OHP
selfie
social media as a way to make up for the lack syndrome
of self-esteem and to fill a gap in intimacy

 Borderline selfitis:
taking photos of one’s self at least three
times a day but not posting them on social
media
 Acute selfitis:
taking photos of one’s self at least three
2. Classification 2 min times a day and posting each of the photos Flash card
on social media
 Chronic selfitis:
Uncontrollable urge to take photos of one’s
self round the clock and posting the
photos on social media more than six
times a day.

Selfish – Narcissists act selfishly and,

3. 3 min Pamphlets
Signs even if being generous, are generally only
responsive to their own concerns.
 No rules – Narcissists feel that they are
above others and that the rules don’t apply
to them

Inability to take criticism- narcissists

have an inflated idea of their own
importance, they can be quickly deflated
by negative criticism.
Discomfort- it happens due to lot of
addiction for Selfie.
Unilateral listening- Instead of
listening in order to respond, narcissists
listen in order to dismiss, negate, ignore,
minimize or otherwise make someone
else’s concerns irrelevant
Refusal to take
responsibility- Narcissists have a
tendency to blame others for things that
go wrong
Angriness- Narcissists may
become easily angered by critical
comments or being ordered what to do
Following may be some of the prevention
techniques:
Prevention to avoid  Involvement in group activities and
4. Charts
Selfie Addiction. a feeling of togetherness shall
enhance the feeling of self-worth.
 Proper counselling must be done to
keep one’s life happy so as to fill
 all voids and the very need of
selfies is countered.
 Proper monitoring of children’s cell
phone activities by parents.

A sudden withdrawal may have some

unwanted consequences. The withdrawal is
marked with certain symptoms:
 Constant restlessness and irritation
 An abrupt change in behavior
towards the peer.
 Lack of self-confidence
Withdrawal
 A decline in self-esteem and self-
5. symptoms of Selfie 3 min
worth
Addiction
 A feeling of loneliness and loss of
contact with the surrounding
Withdrawal from selfie addiction is a tough
step, but it is important to realize that selfie
addiction is actually a situation of a
misshaped perspective. The desire of worth
and self-esteem can be fulfilled by other
immaterial means than a selfie. The addicted
must realize that the web of connectivity
 that one develops through selfie posts is
actually a cobweb and the longer they stay
on it, the greater are the risks.

Excessive use of social networking may be

connected to psychiatric problems
Like depression,

Obsessive compulsive

disorder, Addiction,

Body dysmorphia,

3 min Narcissistic personality disorder, Chart

Consequences
Schizoaffective and schizotypal
disorders,

Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder

etc.

There is a human desire to be recognized

and appreciated

We shouldn’t make those

people closest to us ask for i
 1.Strict law required to prevent deaths related
Prevention: 5min to Selfie and law incudes strictly prohibit
the Selfie points/place.
 2. Parents also have to teach their
children’s not stick for selfies.

3. Social Medias must start campaign

against excess Selfie.

4. Put the sign boards in certain place/areas

that not to have Selfie.

5. Required to conduct frequent awareness

programmes in school/colleges/workplace.

 Everybody should use mobile as much as

less, so it helps to reduce selfies and its
related consequences. Everyone must have
self-consciousness and self-aware.

 Awareness programmes need to be

CONCLUSION: conducted at school/colleges by teaching Flash card
them or bringing to their knowledge
regarding sever consequences & Statistical
information shows death and severe
injuries due to Selfie.