Mining

THE PROVIDER OF VALUABLE INTELLIGENCE TO THE ZIMBABWE MINING COMMUNITY

ISSUE
71
2024

Z I M B A B W E SCAN ME

An opportunity for power generation in Zimbabwe awaits investors - 16

Scott Sakupwanya speaks on Growth Potential and Investment Opportunities in the ZimGold Sector - 28
Mopani Gold seek to triple Venice's production - 26

Investment
opportunities
in Zimbabwe's
mineral
wealth
0 618528

Interview:
356556

Minister of Mines
& Mining Development

Kuchera BUILDING HUMAN-CENTRIC MINING TECHNOLOGY

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 CONTENT
Mining
Z I M B A B W E

WRITERS/ JOURNALISTS
Rudairo Mapuranga
Keith Sungiso
Mining Zimbabwe Magazine |Issue 71
Contributors
Nomsa Ngono

SALES & ADVERTISING

Kelvin Sungiso
kelvin@miningzimbabwe.com
Cell/Whatsapp: 0775523000
08
PUBLISHER
Timelison Media (Zimbabwe),
Sungie Media (South Africa)

ABOUT PUBLICATION

Mining Zimbabwe is the premier source of

unfiltered Zimbabwe Mining News. Our core focus
is the Zimbabwe Mining Industry, trends, new
technologies being developed and used to improve
this crucial sector, as well as new opportunities and
investments arising from it.

Mining Zimbabwe’s sole purpose is growing and

empowering the Mining Industry and highlighting
all its challenges as well as putting forth expert
solutions

AVAILABLE IN RETAILS STORES INSIDE MINING ZIMBABWE

05 THE CLEAR PERSPECTIVE smelter underway

36 PLZ produced nearly 300 000 tonnes of

06 Kuchera: building human-centric mining
lithium concentrate in 2023 and plans to
technology manufacture batteries

FOLLOW US ON SOCIAL MEDIA 08 INTERVIEW: MINISTER OF MINES AND 38 One-on-One With Prospect Resources
MINING DEVELOPMENT HON ZHEMU SODA C.E.O Sam Hosack

Awards 16 An opportunity for power generation in

40 Calls for exploration investment in
Zimbabwe intensified
Zimbabwe awaits investors

42 Sustainable Facilities Management: The

20 Revolutionising Automation:
Support System In Modern-Day Mines
ElectroMechanica's Products and Solutions

18 Binmak Corporation: “Revolutionizing 44 Derisking Mining Investment: Mitigating

Resource Industries with Innovative Asset Risks for Long-Term Success
Ministry of Mines Optimization Solutions"
and Mining 50 Small-scale miners in Zimbabwe sign a
Development
26 Mopani Gold seek to triple Venice's responsible mining pledge
production

28 Interview: Scott Sakupwanya - Growth

Potential and Investment Opportunities in
the Zimbabwe Gold Sector

30 Delivering High-Quality Liquid

Management Solutions in Zimbabwe and
Beyond

Publisher contacts
4th Floor Fidelity Life Towers Harare CBD 32 Large lithium deposits discovered in China
Tel: +263 242 777728 | Whatsapp +263 242 777728
34 Bikita Minerals: Feasibility studies for
Advertising: info@miningzimbabwe.com
Web: www.miningzimbabwe.com construction of battery-grade lithium

ISSUE 71 • www.miningzimbabwe.com • 04
 the clear perspective
Reap the rewards of an industry poised for remarkable growth
Investing in the Zimbabwe mining sector has providing comprehensive coverage on all
never been more crucial than it is today. With aspects of the country's mining sector, from
an abundance of mineral resources waiting news updates and technological
to be exploited and countless untapped advancements to case studies and success
opportunities, now is the time for investors stories.
from around the world to take notice. The
potential returns are immense, as Zimbabwe We serve as a bridge between local
is one of Africa's richest countries in terms of businesses and prospective investors,
its vast reserves of minerals such as gold, highlighting the immense opportunities
platinum, diamonds, chrome, and lithium, prevalent in our nation.
just to name a few.
As the global demand for minerals continues

Kei Sungiso
With recent policy developments aimed at to surge, we urge investors, both seasoned
ensuring fair and equitable distribution of and new, to critically analyze Zimbabwe's
mining licenses and permits, foreign entities mining landscape.Now is the time to seize
are warmly welcomed to explore joint the moment, tap into our nation's incredible
ventures and participate in exploration mineral wealth, and reap the rewards of an
projects throughout the country. Our industry poised for remarkable growth.

THE CLEAR
government endeavours to create mutually
beneficial partnerships and provide I am immensely grateful for the support
attractive incentives to facilitate investor rendered by our sponsors, contributors,

PERSPECTIVE participation. advertisers, and readers who have made it

possible for us to tell the true Zimbabwe
Furthermore, the ongoing process of resources story to the world!
ushering in robust legal frameworks ensures
that ownership rights, environmental Happy reading, and may your ventures be
protection measures, and compliance prosperous!
standards are safeguarded, encouraging
long-term commitment and reliability. You can write to us or submit contributions
on email: info@miningzimbabwe.com
Mining Zimbabwe remains committed to Whatsapp: +263 772 701 730

ISSUE 71 • www.miningzimbabwe.com • 05
mining affairs

Kuchera: building human-centric mining technology

G
rowing up near an active mine the mine. Most other developed industries at the same time fighting the dust of the
is an experience that shapes don't have such a strong relationship with mining trucks.
how people view the industry their local communities.
and its relationship with the Kumbirai Chipadza, Kuchera's CMO, grew
surrounding communities. It The fixed location of the mine is one up in a town called Zvishavane, after the
was from these experiences that Mxolisi reason for this. When a copper deposit is old Zvishavane asbestos mine in
Sibiya, CEO of Kuchera, and Kumbirai located in a particularly sparsely populated Zimbabwe. The area was in a rural part of
Chipadza, CMO of Kuchera, began to area, the mine has no choice but to attract the country, which meant that the
develop the idea of Kuchera: a human- people to work and live nearby in order to community grew up around the mine and
centric mining solution that focuses on operate. This includes building schools for even took its name. At its peak, the mine
building interpersonal relationships within their workers' children to study in or employed around 5,000 people, while the
teams and nearby communities, while also sponsoring cultural events. Sometimes community had a population of around
optimising operations by reducing idling mines forget how important this is, which 32,000. Despite this, the mine had to be
time and fuel consumption. can lead to the community protesting by closed. The world had learnt of the dangers
burning essential equipment or of asbestos, and demand for its raw
Mxolisi Sibiya grew up in a small mining sabotaging operations if a mutually materials began to decline, leaving
village in South Africa, while Kumbirai beneficial relationship is not established. Kumbirai to watch his town crumble as the
Chipadza was raised in a similar town in finances around the mine began to dry up.
Zimbabwe. Each of them was surrounded Memories of mining
by a community where every job, every People lost their jobs, others moved on to
person and every business had something For Kuchera's CEO, Mxolisi Sibiya, those find work in other mines around the
to do with the mine. Whether it was the memories were of large trucks driving country, and some were left to try and
workers themselves, the entertainment down dirt roads near his parents' home. piece together an existence in what was
venues that sprang up around them or the The children were told they couldn't play left of the town. It wasn't until a platinum
construction workers building their homes, outside when the trucks came because of mine called Mimosa Mine began
the financial support that came from the the dust, so they came up with a plan to operations near the town that Zvishavane
mine sustained the entire community. force the trucks to slow down so there and its community began to recover.
would be less dust. Together they made Businesses began to return, entertainment
These stories are not unique. Due to the big bumps in the road and waited for the facilities were created and a sports team
unconventional nature of the mining next one to come. After a while, they saw a was sponsored and named after the mine.
industry, certain practices towards the sugar cane transporter coming down the The start of these operations brought the
communities that live near them have road, which is much lighter than a large whole community back to life.
become established as a standard mining vehicle. The bumps made it
practice. These include sponsoring local bounce so wildly that sugar cane fell out of The drive to innovate
sports teams, giving children gifts at the back. He spent many afternoons with These experiences left a deep impression
Christmas, supporting schools financially the children in his community building on Mxolisi and Kumbirai, who moved away
and even offering university scholarships to more speed bumps, hoping that they from their respective hometowns to study
children living in the communities near would cause more sugar cane to fall, while and build their careers.

ISSUE 71 • www.miningzimbabwe.com • 06 Continued on the next page>>

 mining affairs
industry. We heard stories from mines
explaining how team members felt the
new tools were similar to ‘big brother’
solutions, watching them and waiting for
something to go wrong. This led to reactive
measures such as pouring acid on camera
lenses or placing visual blockers to prevent
further monitoring.

The companies behind these solutions had

made what seemed like an obvious Our OEM agnostic solution syncs with any
mistake, looking back on our own OEM without limitations.
experience of the industry. They developed
operator roles to increase efficiency and
a solution with engineers sitting behind a
reduce idling time, as well as real-time
desk, looking at ways to optimise data
asset monitoring.
analysis, rather than looking at how people
Kumbirai Chipadza would actually use and work with the data.
We've recently completed a second round
Chris knows how engineers can get lost in
It wasn't until much later that the two met of interviews and product launches with
their own work, producing a product that
at Beam, a Berlin-based entrepreneurship our current partners and customers. This
most operations managers don't have
programme, where they were offered the has helped us to dramatically improve and
time to sit down and interpret. They only
opportunity to work in the mining industry. streamline our onboarding process,
have a few seconds to look at their phone
The goal? To develop a technology solution ensuring that operators have access to the
or computer before making a decision
that would help the mining industry use information and data they need without
about how operations should change - so
data to optimise its operations. having to sit down and interpret confusing
any solution that doesn't fit a dynamic and
data. We have also added the ability to
fast-paced environment is essentially an
After looking at the industry from their forecast BCM for the month, allowing mine
extra task rather than a useful one.
entrepreneurial perspective, they realised operators to take action earlier, giving
that technology companies building them more room to manoeuvre.
solutions for miners were missing this
essential community-focused element. If you’re interested in learning more about
They brought in their third co-founder, Kuchera, feel free to contact Kumbirai
Chris Hugger, an experienced software Chipadza directly at
developer, to help them build a product kumbirai.chipadza@kuchera.global.
Bridging the gap between people and
that collected fleet data like a telemetry

“
technology
solution but used new forms of data
processing to produce simple data
Kuchera wasn't a perfect product to begin
visualisations as well as real-time
with. Even with all our mining and
recommendations sent via the web
technical experience, when we sat in the
browser and phone app.
truck with the operators, we knew that a
lot would have to change. Some of our
Together, they named it Kuchera, which
means “to dig” or “to mine” (both earth and
original ideas seemed completely
unrealistic as soon as we got into the Calling All
data) in Kumbirai’s native language of
Shona. The play on words is intentional, as
Kuchera mines fleet data, while its
customers focus on mining earth —
uniting Kuchera's goals with those of its
customers. Although Kuchera was
founded in Berlin, the team wanted the
name to stay true to their African heritage
vehicles with the operators. It was loud, the
roads were extremely bumpy, it was
incredibly hot and there was no way our
original idea was going to work. Instead, we
talked to the entire team at the mines we
visited, got feedback and suggestions on
what would be useful, and that's how
Kuchera was born.
Mining Indaba
Attendees!
“
and represent the authenticity with which
they're entering the market.
While we plan to add more features in
the future, Kuchera currently
The name and their passion led

20%
comes with a hardware Take advantage of our exclusive Kuchera
the team to the mines, where
connectivity box that can be offer: a remarkable 20% discount on your
they spoke to various
plugged into any OEM and first Kuchera plan. Make sure you contact
operators and managers to DISCOUNT ON installed in minutes. Data is us within a week of the event, so you don't
find out what solution YOUR FIRST immediately streamed to miss this opportunity to optimise your
would work best. KUCHERA the Kuchera cloud where it is mining operations and work with the latest
Surprisingly, they learned that PLAN. processed, aggregated and mining technology!
much of the technology
turned into real-time
currently in use was focused on
recommendations that are sent to
monitoring and overlooking the actions of
our web browser and app. These updates
operators in order to punish them, which
include suggestions such as changing
was against the spirit of the mining

ISSUE 71 • www.miningzimbabwe.com • 07
MINING AFFAIRS

Minister of Mines and Mining Development

Hon Zhemu Soda
Congratulations Hon. Minister for being appointed the Minister of a key Ministry,
the best Ministry in our books. What is your vision for your term of office?

I thank you for congratulating me. I would also like to take this opportunity to thank His
Excellency, The President for showing confidence in me to be at the helm of such an
important Ministry. I am grateful for the support from the Ministry staff and all stake-
holders so far. The Presidium also readily renders guidance that makes my job enjoyable.
My vision as Minister of Mines and Mining Development is “A sustainable and inclusive
mining sector that brings more value to the country and its people.”
SCAN
Continued on the TO
next READ
page>>
ISSUE 71 • www.miningzimbabwe.com • 08
 mining affairs
Your thoughts on those who say USD200 million.
Zimbabwe is a bad investment v. Dinson Colliery recently completed the The advent of critical minerals driven by
destination? establishment of a Coking Coal Plant at a the demand for lithium following new
total of USD70 million. inventions such as electric vehicles,
Zimbabwe’s mantra of being “open for Information Communication and
business” and “being a friend to all and an vi. Invictus Energy invested a total of Technology (ICT) components is expected
enemy to none” and the re-engagement USD18 million for the exploration of oil and to attract more investments in exploration
thrust have all collectively resulted in our gas in Muzarabani. in search of these minerals.
investment destination being conducive vii. Bikita Minerals invested a total of USD
and attractive. The investment interest we 300 million for the establishment of Eastern countries particularly China have
have registered in the mining sector since spodumene and petalite plant. invested heavily in Zimbabwe, how much
the inception of the 2nd Republic serves as value have these partnerships provided
testimony to this. The excellent economic viii. Sabi Star invested a total of USD 130 to the country?
performance of the country also serves as million for the establishment of a
a factor in making the investment climate spodumene plant. There is significant Foreign Direct
promotive of investment. Investment(FDI) and value from all
What steps are being taken to improve investors. The projects have been
Can you provide examples of successful the regulatory framework and stream- associated with speedy implementation.
mining projects in the country where line licensing processes for mining They have also come with significant
foreign investment has played a crucial investments, reducing bureaucracy and investment in corporate social
role, showcasing the potential for accelerating project development responsibility (CSR) within the
lucrative returns on investment in the timelines? communities in which the projects are
country’s mining industry? located. The projects have created
Regarding the improvement of the thousands of jobs for locals, facilitated skills
The Mining Sector is a key player in the regulatory framework, the Ministry is transfer, created supply chains for local
country’s economic development. The targeting the completion of the Mines and products and stimulated the beneficiation
sector contributes more than 60% of Minerals Bill in the 2024 year. The and value addition thrust.
Zimbabwe’s export receipts, attracts more amended Mines and Minerals Act will
than 50% of foreign direct investment introduce a Computerised Mining What is the government doing to ensure
(FDI), contributes about 13% to the Cadastre Information Management Zimbabwe’s mining assets are being
country’s GDP and generates significant System which ensures an efficient mining adequately exploited to maximise value
employment. A total of USD 5.3 billion was title management system which is capture?
realized in foreign direct investment into transparent and guarantees security of
major mining projects since the onset of tenure. The Government of Zimbabwe has There is openness in pegging for both
the 2nd Republic to date. also put in place a Rapid Results locals and foreigners. The Government,
Initiative(RRI) for quick implementation of through the Ministry of Mines and Mining
The key investment projects include: projects in a 100-day cycle. Key mining Development, has in the past few years
i. Tsingshan Steel Plant Establishment - projects are also subjected to this initiative. facilitated the opening of new mines,
The Capital Investment for Phase 1 of the resuscitation of closed ones and expansion
project is about USD1 Billion and is What are the plans for diversifying of existing operating mines and enhanced
expected to have an annual turnover of Zimbabwe’s mining sector beyond capacity utilisation of the existing mineral
over USD600 Million. The project is set to traditional minerals, such as Gold and processing facilities; hence increased
employ over 2000 people during the first PGMs, to attract investors interested in employment of local people and increased
phase. At full scale, the Steel company is other minerals with high growth revenue to government through royalties
expected to employ more than 10,000 potential? and taxes. Recently, there has also been an
workers directly while it will create enhanced focus on value addition
employment for millions of Zimbabweans The Government is embarking on an supported by the banning of exports of
indirectly through the upstream and intensive exploration drive through raw minerals. In the same vein, the
downstream industries. expediting approvals of exploration government enabled the establishment of
licenses. Furthermore, the Government is key value addition and beneficiation
ii. Blanket Mine - His Excellency, President also capacitating the Mining Promotion facilities such as gold jewellery
Dr E.D. Mnangagwa officially opened Corporation (MPC) to conduct exploration manufacturing facilities and diamond
Blanket Gold Mine Central Shaft on 17 on behalf of the Government. Geological cutting and polishing facilities; to move the
November 2022. Caledonia Mine has also information generated can be used to economy up the value chain and
constructed a 12MW Solar Plant at Blanket pursue Joint Venture Partnerships with structurally transform the mining sector to
Mine, at a cost of around USD14 million. strategic investors. As highlighted above realise maximum value. The government is
Government will expedite the finalisation also implementing the use it –-or - lose it
iii. Zimplats is undertaking a number of of the Mines and Minerals Bill to unlock principle to mitigate against the hoarding
expansion and beneficiation projects at a more land for exploration. These initiatives of mining claims for speculative purposes
total investment of USD 1.5 billion. Nearly will enable us to discover more mineral by miners. The resuscitation of the Mining
6000 jobs will be created during the course deposits since the country is still under- Promotion Corporation (MPC) has also
of the expansion explored. In an effort to attract investment, brought in a new model in which the
the Government is continuously reviewing Government reserved some areas targeted
iv. Karo Platinum is developing a PGM the operating environment to improve the for exploration by MPC through Joint
concentrator Plant at a total investment of ease of doing business. Venture partnerships.

ISSUE 71 • www.miningzimbabwe.com • 09 Continued on the next page>>

MINING AFFAIRS
Looking at future supply scenarios - Is communities benefit from the resources going to focus on the completion of the
there sufficient investment into in their areas. The State and all institutions Mines and Minerals Bill to strengthen the
innovation, infrastructure and secondary and agencies at every level must regulatory framework. Going forward, the
production capabilities to support endeavour to facilitate and take measures Gold Trade Act and the Precious Stones
producers? to empower, through appropriate, Trade Act will also be amended.
transparent, fair and just affirmative action, Furthermore, the Ministry will this year
There is a department within the Ministry’s all marginalised persons, groups and focus on the completion of the setting up
structure responsible for the research and communities in Zimbabwe. Section 13[4] of the Computerised Mining Cadastre
development of key projects within the and 14[1,2] of the Constitution of Zimbabwe Information Management System to
entire mineral value chain. The eradicate mining overlaps and ultimately
government has set up innovation hubs in Most projects in mining are popularly reduce mining disputes and enhance
various areas within the country. The associated with corporate social transparency in the management of
Government is in the process of responsibility in areas of education, sports, mining titles. Ministry will also enhance the
resuscitating the rail infrastructure to housing, road infrastructure (infrastructure ease of doing business. We will fight any
reduce the cost of transporting bulk development), water and sanitation. Large- corrupt practices and ransacking
mineral commodities. Measures are also scale mines would do more in terms of behaviour costs. Information Management
being put in place to improve electricity reclamation. Lately, we had challenges System to eradicate mining overlaps and
production by allowing independent arising from the impact of climate change ultimately reduce mining disputes and
power producers in the space of energy due to emissions such as in fossil fuel enhance transparency in the
production. Some mining companies have energy projects. Furthermore, with regards management of mining titles. Ministry will
been allowed directly import power to ESG, the government approved a also enhance the ease of doing business.
directly from neighbouring countries. Responsible Mining Initiative (RMI) and in We will fight any corrupt practices and
2023, and conducted a responsible mining ransacking behaviour costs.
What does Zimbabwe have to offer audit involving various relevant Ministries,
better than any other African country? Departments and Agencies (MDAs). The Are there any expos or conferences that
audit focused on enforcing compliance by are held in Zimbabwe to promote the
Zimbabwe has a natural geology which all operating mines to tax, immigration, mineral resources Zimbabwe has to
provides for good mineralisation and is mining, labour and environmental laws. In offer?
unique to the country. The has a significant a number of areas, instead of communities
human capital and skills base to support depending on the mining companies for Our major expo is the Mining, Engineering
the mining industry. The investment some social benefits, the Ministry is and Transport (Mine Entra). International
framework is also very attractive as there allowing the entry of Special Interest exhibitors also attend every year. The expo
are a range of fiscal incentives available for Groups (women, youths, the disabled, is traditionally held in July of each year. We
investors. There is also infrastructure such veterans of the liberation struggles and also exhibit at other local forums such as
as road and rail network which is Chiefs) into mining. the Zimbabwe International Trade Fair
continuously being improved, linking the (ZITF) and Zimbabwe Agricultural Show
major mining and mineral processing With a lack of contextual understanding which are all annual events.
locations and access to regional and consultation of continental
destinations. stakeholders, is the Western approach to The government seems to have taken a
mineral partnerships patronising to path of prioritising mineral beneficiation.
Does Zimbabwe still have Lithium Africa? (MI) Where are we on this?
mining investment opportunities
available? Africa should be regarded as a partner in There is reasonable progress regarding this
global economic development, and not be key area: Our country has an economic
Yes, our geologists tell us that we have very treated as a market for amassing raw blueprint, the NDS1, which emphasises
high lithium deposits of very high grades mineral products by developed countries Beneficiation and value-addition to the
in some cases and of quality grade. We and in turn import expensive products extent of this being part of the
have lithium claims held by applicants and which would have been value added to Performance Contracts for the Permanent
not fully exploited. ZIDA is facilitating the these minerals. With the abundance of Secretary and the Minister. In Lithium, we
engagement of investors and claim minerals hosted in the continent, Africa have projects such as the Mines-to-Energy
holders through a match-making initiative. should have a significant contribution in Park located in the Mapinga area,
This is another entry into the lithium the marketing of its minerals rather than Mashonaland West Province, with the
subsector by investors. The country is depend on niche markets in developed same objective of promoting value
under-explored, however, as extensive countries. There should be a partnership addition and beneficiation. The individual
exploration is taking place, further which provides a win-win situation. Lithium ventures have also embarked on
opportunities are available in the lithium are establishment of processing plants for
value chain. You are widely regarded as a no- the beneficiation of lithium ore in line with
nonsense Minister. What specific SI 57/2023 which banned the export of raw
There seems to be a misconception measures are you taking to ensure mineral products. With regards to
regarding the ESG in Zimbabwe. How transparency and combating corruption Platinum Group Metals(PGMs), all
exactly do communities benefit from within your Ministry, as this is often a producers are on the path to setting up
resources in their areas? concern for potential investors? beneficiation plants. Ultimately they will
collectively set up base metal and precious
It is a constitutional provision that the State In order to ensure transparency in the metal refineries. In chrome, the export of
should take measures to ensure that local mining sector, the Ministry, in 2024, is chrome ore and concentrates was banned

ISSUE 71 • www.miningzimbabwe.com • 10 Continued on the next page>>

 mining affairs
in 2022. Currently, all chrome ore is tax losses; these can be carried forward for o VAT deferment is granted to mining
feedstock to the existing smelting facilities. an indefinite period. companies on capital imported for a
Furthermore, the government is period of 120 days subject to the conditions
facilitating the establishment of more Taxable income of a Holder of Special set by the Commissioner-General.
chrome smelting plants in the country. Mining Lease
With regards to granite, there was a ban on o In the case of a holder of a Special Mining How does the Zimbabwean government
the export of black granite blocks. Only cut Lease, corporate income is taxed at a rate plan to address the challenges related to
and polished blocks are being exported. of 15%. infrastructure, such as power supply and
With regards to coal, the government’s transportation, which can hinder mining
thrust has been the setting up of coke o However, holders of a Special Mining operations and investment?
batteries to beneficiate the coal. Clearly, Lease are liable to Additional Profit Tax. The
much more should be done in value tax is payable upon attaining a Introduction of solar power plants at
addition and beneficiation and the formula-based level of profitability. operating mining project sites either to
Government is currently working on this fully power the entire mining projects or
key area. In terms of policy, the Exemption from Certain Taxes complement the power from the national
Government also introduced a mineral grid. Blanket Mine, located in
beneficiation tax to encourage miners to o After consultation with the Minister Matabeleland South invested in a solar
establish beneficiation and value-addition responsible for the administration of the farm with a solar power plant generating
plants. Mines and Minerals Act, the Minister of almost 40% of the power requirements for
Finance may declare the holder of a the entire mining operation, whilst
To make a tonne of Battery Grade Special Mining Lease to be an approved drawing the rest from the national grid.
Lithium Carbonate it is estimated that holder of a special mining lease for the There are several other mining projects
we need 13-16 tonnes of 6% Spodumene purposes of exemption, wholly or partly, investing into solar power for their mining
Concentrate, Is Zimbabwe in a position from the following taxes: operations. Going forward, there are plans
to achieve this? • Non-Residents shareholders tax; to invest in coal-bed methane(CBM) gas
• Non-Residents tax on Fees; projects to generate power for mining
Current production from the new active • Non-Residents tax on Remittances; projects. The government introduced a
mines is substantial to the extent that • Non-Residents tax on Royalties. Third-Party Access to the national grid
quantities required are already being which allows investors to produce power
exported. With the huge potential the 2. CUSTOMS DUTY and sell to their own customers using the
country has and projects at various stages o Rebate of duty on goods for prospecting existing infrastructure belonging to
of development, the country can go all the and search for mineral deposits: Zimbabwe Electricity Supply Authority
way up the beneficiation scale without Rebate of duty is granted on goods which (ZESA). Mining companies are also allowed
problems. are imported by a person who has entered to directly import power from
into a contract with the Government for neighbouring countries.
What fiscal incentives or tax policies do the prospecting and search for mineral
we have in place to encourage mining deposits. Safety is a cause for concern in the ASM
investment and ensure a competitive sector. What is the government doing to
environment for foreign companies o Rebate of duty on goods for use in ensure lives in this crucial sector are
seeking to invest in Zimbabwe? petroleum exploration or production: preserved?
Rebate of duty is granted to the grantee of
1. INCOME TAX a special grant issued under the Mines and The government carries out regular SHE
Minerals Act authorizing the exploration or awareness campaigns, promotes
Allowable Deductions/ Expenditure production of petroleum. responsible mining methods and carries
o All capital expenditure on exploration, out regular inspections to check for
development and operations incurred o Rebate of duty on goods imported in compliance with safety standards as well
wholly and exclusively for any mining terms of an agreement entered into as enforcement of such standards. Going
operations is allowed in full for taxation pursuant to a special mining lease: forward, the government is targeting the
purposes. Rebate of duty is granted on goods which formalisation of the small-scale mining
o Expenditure incurred during a year of the Secretary for Mines certifies as eligible sector to enhance the environmental,
assessment on surveys, boreholes, for a rebate of duty in terms of an social and governance framework for this
trenches, pits and other prospecting and agreement in the Special Mining Lease. important sector. The government will also
exploratory works undertaken for the introduce mining extension services to
purpose of acquiring rights to mine o Suspension of duty on goods imported closely monitor mining operations. Gold
minerals in Zimbabwe or incurred on a for specific mine development operations: Service Centres will also be introduced
mining location in Zimbabwe, together A customs duty suspension is granted to a where there will be shared resources in
with any other expenditure that is holder of a mining location number terms of human capital providing techni-
incidental thereto may be allowed in full importing specified goods during the cal know-how to surrounding operating
unless the taxpayer elects to carry the project’s life cycle for machinery, mines, enhancing the visibility of
expenditure forward and allowed against construction and erection of facilities for government at mining operations. The
income from mining operations in the production and conveyance of Government will periodically issue
subsequent years. minerals. precautionary statements in the media as
a measure to increase safety awareness
Assessed Losses 3. DEFERMENT OF VALUE-ADDED TAX and encourage responsible mining.
o There is no restriction on the carryover of

ISSUE 71 • www.miningzimbabwe.com • 11
MINING AFFAIRS

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ISSUE 71 • www.miningzimbabwe.com • 12
 mining affairs

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mining affairs
An opportunity for power generation in Zimbabwe
awaits investors

D
ue to the growing need for mineral commodity producer, Zimplats,
power as a result of mining are importing power from Zambia with "Producers need to embrace renewable
growth in Zimbabwe, the several getting power from alternative energy technologies to reduce
country is currently presenting sources which are not enough for environmental impact, enhance energy
a lucrative opportunity for operations. security, and promote economic growth.
investors in the power generation sector Foreign investors have a significant role in
with several mining companies having to Electricity demand has been peaking in supporting these ambitions through
import power from neighbouring line with the entry of massive chrome and financial investment, technological
countries. iron ore processing facilities that have expertise, and knowledge transfer. By
recently been brought online. The crisis collaborating with local stakeholders,
With an increasing demand for electricity has been compounded by the return of foreign investors can help pave the way
and a growing population, the need for several mothballed gold mines in the past towards a cleaner future while ensuring
reliable energy sources is now more three years, which has made it crucial for the prosperity of both the mining and
pressing than ever. This demand creates a Zimbabwe to scale up expansion plans. manufacturing industry and surrounding
favourable environment for potential communities," Mkaratigwa said.
investors to tap into Zimbabwe's untapped According to Energy and Sustainability
power generation potential. specialist and former Chairperson of the Economic analyst and member of the
parliamentary portfolio committee on Reserve Bank of Zimbabwe (RBZ)
The country currently has a generating Mines and Mining Development Edmond Monetary Policy Committee, Mr
capacity of 2,000 megawatts (MW) but is Mkaratigwa, there is an opportunity for Persistence Gwanyanya the growth of the
only producing 1,400 MW due to regular investors to venture into power generation mining sector in Zimbabwe needs
breakdowns at its thermal power stations due to the growing need for power. electricity generation investment.
and water shortages at its main hydro
plant with the mining sector requiring "Foreign investors can invest in building “Performance in the mining sector will
2,756 MW and the demand is expected to energy plants which can be solar based depend on the electricity situation,” he
grow to over 4 000 MW. and hydro-based among other feasible said.
energy generation approaches. Foreign
Companies like the country's biggest investors can take part in investment Mr Gwanyanya noted that although power
opportunities in this area. generation is still way below demand,
initiatives by most mining companies to
"The question is what the producers generate electricity mainly solar for their
themselves should also do to ensure consumption are comforting.
energy sufficiency for industrialisation.
They can come in and build alternative
energy sources to support local
Continued on the next page>>
beneficiation plus power for the light
users, freeing the main grid for heavy
industrial production.
Edmond Mkaratigwa

ISSUE 71• www.miningzimbabwe.com • 16

 mining affairs
backing for 2 800MW Sengwa Power harnessed for hydroelectric power
Station. generation.

Solar Power Assurance

Zimbabwe is blessed with an abundance of Speaking during a stakeholder consultation

renewable energy resources, particularly workshop on the Accelerated Partnership
solar and hydroelectric power. The country for Renewables in Africa (APRA) recently, the
boasts an average of about 3,000 hours of Acting Minister of Energy and Power
sunlight per year, which presents a Development, Dr Jenfan Muswere,
tremendous opportunity for solar power reiterated the Government’s commitment
Opportunities
generation. According to the Zimbabwe to working with investors, saying over 120
Electricity Transmission and Distribution Independent Power Producers (IPPS) had
Coal
Company (ZETDC), the country has a already been registered.
potential capacity of 5,000 megawatts
One of the prime examples of this
(MW) for solar energy. By harnessing this “I can assure you that the enabling
untapped potential lies in Zimbabwe's vast
potential, Zimbabwe can greatly diversify its environment has been created for the suc-
coal reserves. According to a report by the
energy mix, reduce reliance on fossil fuels, cess of the renewable energy sector.
United States Energy Information
and promote sustainability.
Administration, Zimbabwe has an
“I would also like to assure investors and any
estimated 502 million tons of coal reserves.
Hydroelectric Power other partners that are interested in the
These reserves could serve as a vital source
energy sector in terms of exchange control
for coal-fired power plants, potentially
In the field of hydroelectric power, regulations, return on investment, and
generating a significant amount of
Zimbabwe has already made remarkable repatriation of funds that the Government
electricity to meet the rising demand.
progress with the Kariba Dam. Located on is also working on many other modalities
Additionally, with advancements in clean
the border of Zimbabwe and Zambia, the that are going to ensure that there is
coal technologies, the negative
dam generates a significant amount of comfort and security in terms of investment
environmental impact traditionally
power for both countries. With a capacity of across all sectors of the economy, including
associated with coal-fired power generation
1050 MW, it provides a stable source of the renewable energy sector,” said Minister
can be greatly reduced.
electricity to partly meet the nation's energy Muswere.
needs. However, there are still several other
Currently RioZim is seeking financial
rivers and dams in Zimbabwe that can be

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ISSUE 71 • www.miningzimbabwe.com • 20
 LQIR#ELQPDNFRP MINING AFFAIRS
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ISSUE 69 • www.miningzimbabwe.com • 21
)DHULH*OHQ3UHWRULD +DUDUH=,PEDEZH
MINING AFFAIRS

Binmak Corporation:
“Revolutionizing Resource Industries with Innovative
Asset Optimization Solutions"

Tonyson Nyabote (L) - Technology Specialist & TNT Bingudza (R) - Director & Principal Consultant Exhibiting
Binmak iQuest IoT Smart Technologies at SAAMA Conference 2023 in Cape Town, RSA.

Creating Value, Unit Cost Competitiveness and Productivity improvements through Asset
Optimisation, Asset Reliability and Real-Time Asset Health Monitoring – A Pledge by Leading
Resource Industry Solutions Provider - Binmak Corporation!

Introduction: About Binmak • Offline and Online Condition Monitoring

• Real-Time Asset Health Monitoring &
Nestled in the heart of Southern Africa, Binmak Corporation is a Physical Asset Digitalisation
Binmak Corporation emerges as a beacon Management, Asset Reliability and Asset • Focused Improvement
of technological evolution, seamlessly Optimisation Consulting & Training • Asset Management & Reliability Training
blending innovation and expertise. Beyond Partner with a focus on Creating Value and
merely being a consultancy and service Unit Cost Competitiveness. With over 30 Why Binmak Solutions?
provider, the company positions itself as years of experience in resource industries,
your dedicated partner, committed to the Binmak team brings expertise in • Do you sometimes experience
reshaping technological solutions within mining, manufacturing, IT, engineering, unplanned and unexpected plant break-
your plant. Uncover the transformative and leadership. The company is downs?
power of Binmak Corporation's tech, committed to partnering with mining • Does your operation sometimes fail to
deeply rooted in African origins and organizations, utilities, municipalities as meet your production targets
enriched by diverse international well as industrial and manufacturing consistently?
experience, revolutionizing plant companies driving real value both • Do you experience moving bottlenecks in
operations and ushering in an era where operationally and strategically. Binmak is your production value chain?
technology anticipates and resolves issues not just a consulting company, it is also a • Does your operation have unit cost
proactively through machine learning technology developer and OEM for asset challenges?
predictive analytics and artificial reliability technologies such as smart • Are there unidentified operational risks
intelligence. sensors, online condition monitoring dia- that impact your operations?
gnostic systems and developer of industry- • Would you like to predict when
The Binmak Promise leading Asset Management software equipment and process failures are likely
applications. The Binmak Solutions to occur?
Binmak is committed to helping include:
organisations in every industry to perform If you answered “Yes” to any of the above
better. The Binmak promise is to help • ISO55000 Asset Management questions, then Binmak Solutions can help
individuals and organizations realise their Implementation you to Realise Your Full Potential.
full potential through the achievement of • Asset Optimisation & TOC Production
sustainable success. Flow

ISSUE 71 • www.miningzimbabwe.com • 22 Continued on the next page>>

<<from the previous page page mining affairs
Diverse and Global Experience 4. Integrated approach across learning pathways for individuals.
organisational hierarchy, value chain &
The Binmak Team has extensive disciplines: Binmak empowers and Continuous vs. Focused Improvement
experience in Mining covering most engages employees from across the Strategy:
commodities such as Gold, Platinum, Coal, organisation to build capacity and hence
Diamonds, Nickel, Zinc, Iron ore, Copper, ensure sustainability and ownership. When deciding on an improvement
Lead and Phosphates. In addition, the strategy, organizations often contemplate
team has in-depth knowledge and hands- 5. Development of clients: Binmak between Continuous Improvement and
on experience across the entire mining enhances the capability and capacity of Focused Improvement. Continuous
value chain covering open pit and the client through accredited training and Improvement aims for incremental
opencast mining, underground mining, capability building through the Binmak enhancements across all areas, resulting in
pyrometallurgy, hydrometallurgy and Institute. gradual, steady progress. Focused
refining. Improvement targets specific areas or
African Roots, Global Influence: processes with significant potential,
In addition, the team has very diverse inter- delivering substantial improvements and
national experience covering the following Binmak Corporation goes beyond being a quantum leaps in performance in a shorter
countries on all continents: USA, Brazil, service provider; it embodies the spirit of timeframe. For Binmak, the strategic
Chile, Venezuela, Ireland, The Philippines, African innovation. Founded on a vision to decision to adopt focused improvement
Botswana, Madagascar, Zimbabwe, South offer global solutions from an African recently yielded remarkable success for a
Africa, Namibia and the UK. These global perspective, Binmak showcases the client facing production challenges.
experiences give the Binmak team some extraordinary depth of African ingenuity
very deep insights that add significant through the synergy between dynamic Transforming Challenges into
value to the diverse range of clients that young minds and seasoned engineers Opportunities:
they serve. which results in:
The Binmak Corporation story is one of
A Portfolio of Excellence Powerful combination of expertise & overcoming challenges and transforming
experience in mining, manufacturing, IT, them into opportunities. Beyond promises,
Binmak Corporation's suite of services engineering & leadership. the company delivered detailed action
reflects a profound commitment to solving plans, recommendations for short,
real-world challenges across various • Broad, yet in-depth technical & medium, and long-term improvement
industries. From Condition Monitoring and management knowledge which gives opportunities, and facilitated
Real-Time Asset Health Monitoring to Binmak a holistic view. improvement workshops. Binmak's
Smart Sensors, Digital Twins, and • Strong R&D, Technology and Systems approach involves enabling tracking of
Productivity Optimization, Binmak covers development capability. production improvement results and
the entire Asset Optimisation & Asset • Ability to help operations perform better, identifying potential technological
Reliability spectrum. The company's optimise capital & resource deployment. innovations.
offerings promise not just incremental • International experience which gives
improvements but the potential to boost Binmak perspectives and insights that Binmak’s Clients:
production and productivity by up to 30% bring significant value to their diverse
usually with 100 days with simultaneous range of clients. Binmak Corporation has had the privilege
downtime, risks, and unit cost reduction. of working with prominent clients such as
The Evolution from Research to Global Zimplats, Blanket Mine, Anglo American,
How Does Binmak Differentiate Itself? Impact: DeBeers, Pragma, Bindura Nickel
Five factors differentiate Binmak: Corporation, Ambatovy, Exxaro, Hwange
The Binmak narrative, rooted in the early Colliery Company, Freda Rebecca Gold
1. Results as the means, as well as the 2000s, began with a vision to develop Mine, How Mine, First Quantum Minerals
end: Every initiative that Binmak cutting-edge technologies tailored for and Debswana. The company has
implements starts with a clear and African conditions. Meticulous research consistently delivered tangible results and
measurable value proposition and goal evolved into a gradual implementation driven positive change in their operations.
that must be achieved in a relatively short process, leading to Binmak Corporation's
period of time - usually less than 100 days. current international presence. With teams Conclusion:
in the UK, Zimbabwe and South Africa, With a commitment to continuous
2. Delivery of value – not just Binmak aspires to propel Africa onto the improvement, focused innovation, and a
recommendations: You will not get a global stage by encouraging the embrace vision deeply rooted in African ingenuity,
typical consulting report from Binmak, of its technological prowess. Binmak Corporation stands poised to
instead, Binmak delivers on its promise – shape the future of resource industries and
performance improvement and real value The Binmak Institute: redefine the possibilities of technological
add. excellence. Join Binmak on this
The Binmak Institute, also known as remarkable journey, and together, let's
3. Speed used to mitigate risk: The "Ukwazi," is an international provider of revolutionize your productivity and help
Binmak approach uses success to breed Training and education in Physical Asset you Realise Your Potential!
success hence every project has a very Management, Reliability Improvement,
clear value delivery objective within less Maintenance Management, and Asset GET IN TOUCH
than 100 days and thereafter at every Optimisation. The institute offers corporate www.binmak.com, info@binmak.com
100-day milestone. training, public training, and defined 863 Wendywood, Sandton, RSA
+27832824085, + 27115932127

ISSUE 71 • www.miningzimbabwe.com • 23
We will go to
different depths
for your success

Safeguarding your business against unexpected pits and falls in

the mining sector requires innovation and relentless dedication.
Achieving your milestones is our business. To get your
tailor-made solution, scan the QR Code below.

#YourHappinessOurMission
What is the Purpose of ZB Financial Holdings in the Mining sector?
ZB Financial Holdings aims to enhance and educate miners’ lives by providing 昀nancial services. The focus is
on supporting mining businesses through working capital, capital expenditure, and lease hire facilities.

Investment through Working Capital Sta昀 Members and Welfare Services:

& Capital Expenditure: ZB serves sta昀 members with various 昀nancial
ZB assists with funding for working capital and products and services, including personal loans,
capital expenditure, o昀ering support with short mortgage facilities, lease hire for vehicles, and
and medium-term structures. The Group’s strong student loans.
balance sheet allows for signi昀cant facilities
tailored to special customer needs. Other Facilities for the Mining Sector:
ZB o昀ers corporate 昀nance and advisory services,
Lease Hire Facilities: including due diligence, buyouts, valuations, and
ZB o昀ers highly negotiable asset 昀nancing/lease electronic banking solutions such as the Improved
hire facilities with 昀exible repayment periods. These Internet and Mobile Banking Platform and MyZB
can be used for procuring various assets, including Digital. The bank has a fully established international
equipment like dump trucks and drill rigs. banking division for handling international
transactions in major currencies.
Special Terms for Funding Structures:
Facilities are o昀ered under short to medium- Contact Information for Mining Investments:
term structures in USD and ZWL currencies, with For those interested in investing in Zimbabwe’s
negotiable interest rates, establishment fees, and mining sector, the Mining Desk Team can be
repayment options. Security is based on equity in contacted at their Harare o ce, with speci昀ed
昀nanced assets or other agreed structures. contacts for inquiries and assistance.

Collaboration with O昀shore Funders: Contact Information:

ZB collaborates with international o昀shore 1. Kevin Mambo
funders, providing access to foreign lines of Email: kmambo@zb.co.zw
credit for customers at competitive rates. Mobile: +263 773 505 464
Funding can be allocated for equipment 2. Shadreck Madewu
acquisition, expansion projects, and investments Email: smadewu@zb.co.zw
in alternative energy sources. Mobile: +263 772 527 042
3. Patience Makura
Dedicated Relationship Managers Email: pmakura@zb.co.zw
for Mining Desk: Mobile: +263 773 565 067
A relationship manager with expertise in Zimbabwe’s
mining sector is assigned to cater to client
requirements. They o昀er administrative assistance,
account management, and advice on facilities and
investment opportunities.

#YourHappinessOurMission
VENICE MINE VISIT

Mopani Gold seek to triple Venice's production

M
opani Gold, a high-grade full investment and sell power to the mine
gold producer owned by on an attractive take-and-pay basis at very
Maris Africa, is set to competitive prices.
significantly increase its
production at the Venice "In 2017 first part of the solar plant was
Mine Complex (VMC) in Kadoma, installed. Recently there was a plant
Mashonaland West, Zimbabwe. The expansion from 7 inverters to 11 inverters
company plans to triple underground ore and the installed plant is now nearly 1MW
production, upgrade processing facilities, in size. The solar plant can power the
and develop a world-class Corporate Social Mopani CEO Mark Nicolle Abbey hoist, elution circuit and the
Responsibility (CSR) strategy. crushing circuit. Solar is offered by a
power supply, VMC engaged Equator company Equator Energy, and the power
Rudairo Mapuranga Energy to set up a solar plant for its is very cost-effectively sold when we need
electricity usage. The almost 1MW plant it at USc 8 KWh. In time we will consider
Speaking to Mining Zimbabwe on a mine currently powers more than half of the plans to expand the solar plant, particularly
visit at Venice Complex Mine in January mine's consumption at its peak electricity after the underground ore ramp-up."
2024, Mopani Gold Chief Executive Officer production. Nicolle said.
Marc Nicolle said Venice Mine is
transitioning between two main sources of According to Nicolle, the VMC solar plant Ramping up production
ore. The company is nearing the end of was recently expanded from 7 inverters to
re-processing the six historic tailings 11 inverters and a group of women are Mopani is in the process of developing the
dumps on site, which together hold 2.1 employed from the local community at mine, looking to expand from the current
million tons of material. Secondly, it is the plant to keep the solar panels clean underground production to more than
undertaking underground mining and therefore produce power optimally. triple that level. Although the mine has not
operations in several of the complex's Nicolle said mining companies are well allocated money to undertake exploration,
mines following significant investment placed to benefit from a strategy whereby there are intentions by Mopani to develop
over several years. they allow power companies to invest and the Venice Mine Complex resource which
set up electricity at their premises after currently has a life of mine of about 20
Power generation which they can buy the power from them. years.
Equator Energy is a particularly good
As part of its efforts to have a sustainable option in that the company will fund the

continued on the next page>>

ISSUE 71• www.miningzimbabwe.com • 26
 VENICE MINE VISIT
"We invested nearly a million USD last year carbon. mine continues to provide. They also supply
in the Abbey hoist which is now operational us with treated running water and our chil-
and is capable of hoisting the targeted 15, Loaded carbon is transferred to the elution dren are well hydrated and we are grateful,"
000 tons per month from underground on circuit where gold is extracted from the Kavhiya said.
its own. We are beginning to scale up loaded carbon and electroplated before
production as quickly as possible. The smelting and final refinement. Environmental and Skills sustainability
Abbey hoist investment will be a corner-
stone of our production. Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR), VMC has a comprehensive environmental
strategy management system to monitor the effects
"We want to also invest in exploration in
time, at present we have completed a
conceptual life of mine plan based on
shallow historically mined areas. The grades
in that exercise were good and are likely to
be even higher as we go deeper into the
unmined portions of the property at depth."
Nicolle said.

Venice Mine Underground Manager

Perembe Chitambiri revealed that the
mine's underground operations have a set
target to triple production from the current
4,000 tonnes per month to 15,000 tonnes
per month. The current grades at the mine Tafara Venice Primary School children drinking water from one of the school taps
range from 3 to 6 grams per tonne, with an
average of approximately 4 grams per As part of its CSR, the company is currently of its operations on the environment and
tonne. engaging communities around its address any issues. VMC complies with local
operations to create a more robust and and international regulations, including IFC
"We are currently producing 4000 tonnes a holistic CSR strategy. Performance Standards on measuring,
month, we want to go to about 15 000 mitigating and reporting environmental
tonnes a month," Chitambiri said. According to its underground Manager impact, as well as IFC Environmental, Health
Chitambiri, the mine refurbished and is and Safety Guidelines for Mining.
Processing upgrade currently renovating the Tafara Venice
Primary School block and homes of the In terms of skills sustainability, the company
community that were damaged by the is currently recruiting graduate trainees
rains. from the Zimbabwe School of Mines and
the Midlands State University to ensure the
He said the mine also provides clean future of mining in the country is safe.
running water for 1400 pupils and teachers
at the primary school. "We are recruiting students from Zimbabwe
School of Mines even from Midlands State
“We have higher aspirations that will come University. So several people are coming in
to fruition as the mine expands and as GTs (Graduate Trainees)," Chitambiri said.
generates gold more profitably, our relation-
ship with the community is sound at this Locals Employment
As already mentioned, Venice Mine is stage. We have renovated houses that were
currently operating on its old tailings and affected by rain, about 68 houses. We have According to Nicolle through its rampup
underground operations. Tailings are approached the community and we are in exercise, the VMC will more than double its
slurried and fed to the plant using high- the process of formulating a more holistic employment from the current 400 to
pressure process water. Drains then collect and sustainable strategy with the help of around 1200 to 1300 workers.
the tailings slurry, which is run through a the community.”
trommel screen to remove larger He said nearly 400 employees are from the
undesirable material. The slurry passing According to a senior Teacher at Tafara local community with only some
through the screen is then transported to Venice Primary School, Mr Knowledge professional staff unavailable locally from
the carbon-in-leach (CIL) system through a Kavhiya VMC has been working to ensure other districts.
series of pipes. the school is up and running even in
difficult situations. "Currently we have about 400 local people
The recovered tailings slurry is directed into working for us and with the ramp-up of
the carbon in leach (CIL) tanks. Cyanide, "The mine is in the process of renovating a production, we can increase that to 1200.
activated carbon and hydrogen peroxide block that was affected by the rains. Roofs We can more than double the jobs here,"
are added to the CIL circuit for the process were damaged and all of the roofing sheets Nicolle said.
to work. Slurry flows by gravity through the have now been replaced. As you can see the
CIL leach tanks to ensure the maximum builders are almost done. They are currently
dissolution of gold as a cyanide complex in the process of renovating the toilets again
and subsequent adsorption onto activated and we are happy with the support the

ISSUE 71• www.miningzimbabwe.com • 27

interview: betterbrands CEO

Interview: Scott Sakupwanya -

Growth Potential and Investment Opportunities
in the Zimbabwe Gold Sector
deliveries.

How many tonnes of

gold did you deliver to
Fidelity Gold in 2023 and
what are your
projections for 2024?

In 2023, we delivered 13
tonnes of gold to Fidelity
Gold Refinery (FGR). Our
projections for the 2024
year, are to deliver 20
tonnes of gold.

What is the biggest

advantage of investing
in Zimbabwe's gold
sector?

One of the biggest

advantages of investing
in Zimbabwe's gold
sector is its investor
friendly operating
environment. Not only
does the government
support investment in
the sector, but investors
also have the opportunity
to participate in the entire
gold supply value chain,
from mining to refining

Scott Sakupwanya and producing value-

added products.

Is it possible for foreign

companies to buy gold
in Zimbabwe by
partnering with you as a
top gold trader in the
country?

Yes, foreign companies

P
can buy gold in
Zimbabwe and partner
edzisai Scott Sakupwanya is a terms of gold deliveries to Fidelity? How with Betterbrands Investments. At Better
prominent figure in Zimbabwe's many tonnes did you deliver and how did Brands, we facilitate the buying and
mining industry. He has you manage to deliver so much that exporting of gold to foreign destinations
extensive experience and year? through Fidelity Gold Refinery (FGR).
expertise in the gold sector. He
not only has extensive experience but also In terms of gold deliveries to Fidelity Gold What is your advice to those interested
expertise in the gold sector. Throughout Refinery (FGR), our best year was in 2022 in investing in the country's gold
his career, he has gained a deep under- when we delivered 18 tonnes of gold. This industry?
standing of the intricacies and challenges exceptional performance can be attributed
of the industry. Here is how the interview to the incentives paid on gold deliveries My advice to those wanting to invest in
went! which allowed us to offer a competitive Zimbabwe's gold industry is that now is
price to ASM (Artisanal and Small-Scale the right time to do so. The government is
Which year has been your best year in Miners), which encouraged higher gold supportive of investment in the gold

ISSUE 71 • www.miningzimbabwe.com • 28 continued on the next page>>

 interview: betterbrands CEO
mining industry and associated down- commodities? c. Regular inspection of the operations of
stream industries. There are also incentives ASMs.
offered to formal gold producers. These Our strategy for mining involves going d. Developing smart partnerships between
factors create a favourable climate for underground and enhancing assistance to ASMs and Large-scale mines that babysit
investment in the sector. ASM sector players to ensure efficient and the ASMs, thus enhancing knowledge and
effective gold extraction. In terms of understanding of safety issues.
What is the potential of Zimbabwe's gold trading, we continue to mobilize gold by
industry, in terms of growth? Where do establishing gold-buying centres Most gold buyers fail to have their
you see it in the next 5 years? accessible to ASMs. We also plan to expand licenses renewed after failing to meet set
our gold buying footprint by establishing targets. Where do you think buyers get it
The potential for growth in Zimbabwe's centres in all gold activity areas. wrong, and how can a new buyer avoid
gold industry is significant, with a making the same mistake?
projected capacity to produce 65 tonnes of How does Better Brands Investments
gold per annum in the next 5 years. This ensure transparency and accountability Like with any relationship, it is of
highlights the country's ability to increase to its clients? paramount importance that gold-buying
production and become a major player in permit holders regularly communicate
the global gold market. Better Brands Investments ensures with FGR about the challenges they would
transparency and accountability to its be encountering in buying gold,
During the previous term of government, clients by conducting all activities per to avoid last-minute
it was projected that the gold industry regulatory authorities' requirements. All surprises. One must avoid
would reach a US$4 billion milestone transactions and documentation are prop- trying to bring forth
annually. Why do you think the vision erly approved and documented, creating a challenges when it
was not achieved? transparent and accountable process. comes time for renewal.

The vision of reaching a US$4 billion Can you provide examples of the Tadiwanashe wishes
milestone annually for the gold industry innovative solutions offered by Better to venture into gold
was not achieved due to limited access to Brands Investments? buying but has limited
fresh capital caused by economic capital. What's your
sanctions imposed on the country. These Some examples of the innovative solutions advice to him to make
sanctions hindered the investment flow offered by Better Brands Investments it in the gold-buying
into Zimbabwe, making it a challenge to include: industry?
meet the ambitious target. a. Providing mining inputs such as fuel and
chemicals to ASMs. Gold buying is a relational
Some say Zimbabwe is a bad investment b. Offering mining equipment to miners business. Strong
destination. Give us five reasons why this under a loan scheme. relationships with
is a misconception. c. Facilitating the purchase of inputs in the ASMs are
local currency to prevent ASMs from crucial for
Contrary to misconceptions, Zimbabwe is engaging in informal markets. one to be
not a bad investment destination. There able to
are several reasons supporting this:- Can you provide examples of the mobilize
innovative solutions offered by Better as much
a. Government policies are supportive of Brands Investments? gold.
investments in all sectors of the economy.
b. There is an availability of educated Innovative solutions offered by Better
manpower that can easily be trained. Brands Investments are as follows:
c. Various incentives are offered by the
government to different sectors. a. Providing ASMs with mining inputs such
d. Foreign Direct Investment (FDI) has as fuel and chemicals.
been reduced due to economic sanctions b. Availing mining equipment to miners
imposed on the country, but this does not under a loan scheme.
discredit other investment opportunities. c. Facilitating the purchase of inputs in
e. New massive projects are being local currency, thus ensuring ASMs do not
commissioned in various sectors of the dispose of local currency on the informal
country's economy. market.

Can you explain the core business Safety has become a concern in the ASM
activities of Better Brands Investments? industry lately. What should be done to
ensure ASMiners take safety seriously?
Better Brands Investments is primarily What should you, as miners, do to
involved in gold buying and exporting to guarantee the safety of your workforce?
foreign destinations through Fidelity Gold
Refinery (FGR). a. Awareness campaigns on health and
safety.
What is the company's strategy for b. Coming up with safety awards given to
mining and trading in Bullion and other exemplary ASMs.

ISSUE 71 • www.miningzimbabwe.com • 29
mining affairs

now
offering
Automatic
Tank Gauging
(ATG)!

Delivering High-Quality Liquid Management Solutions

in Zimbabwe and Beyond
STANSERV GENUINE SERVICES (Pvt) Ltd Currently, our market share includes but is We are providers of liquid management
is a renowned engineering firm based in not limited to, Fuels and Energy Industry solutions in the form of volumetric
Zimbabwe with over 20 years of (TotalEnergies, Zuva, Engen, Redan, calibrations of any bulk liquid storage
existence delivering high quality and Puma), Bulk liquid transporters (Strauss facilities, bulk flow meter calibrations, tank
exceptional services. logistics, Redan Bulk, Oilcom, Congo Bulk, cleaning and degassing, fuel
Transir, Southern Logix), Food and transhipment and surveillance,
SGS is an expert who specializes in Beverage Industry (Delta, Dairyboard, integrity and pressure testing of bulk liquid
providing bulk liquid management Kefalos, Innscor), Mining Industry storage tanks and liquid cargo carriers and
solutions to various industries across (Zimplats, Freda Rebecca, Turbo Mine, management of fuel depots. This is
Zimbabwe and has its sphere of influence Zimasco, Unki, Jena mine, Trojan mine, achieved through the execution of work by
stretching beyond the Zimbabwean Renco Mine, and many more), Agriculture a highly trained and experienced technical
borders. Its headquarters is located in and the Chemical Manufacturing Industry team. SGS is committed to technology and
Harare. SGS is undergoing rapid expansion (Sable Chemicals, Plascon, FSG etc), innovation. We are proud to inform you
and it foresees an extension of its Insurance and Banking Industry ( Old that we are now offering Automatic Tank
capabilities to handle projects in our Mutual, Cabs) and many other clients not Gauging (ATG), a cutting-edge technology
neighbouring countries in the SADC mentioned. that enhances fuel management by
region. providing complete control over your fuel.

ISSUE 71 • www.miningzimbabwe.com • 30 continued on the next page>>

 mining affairs

In addition to this, we offer free demo trials the past 5 years. services to the aviation industry through
to all our clients so that they get an calibration of Aircraft
appreciation of how ATG system works and By 2018, SGS had successfully Refuellers, calibration and repair of Under-
how it helps in controlling fuel inventory calibrated two tank farms with 32 above- wing and Overwing digital meters, calibra-
remotely. It is worth noting that all our ground and three underground fuel tanks tion of Avgas & Jet A1 vertical storage tanks
equipment which includes master meters, with a total capacity of 2 million litres at and their respective pipeline as well as cal-
prover tanks and measuring cans are Zimplats. This marked one of the biggest ibration of the Loading and Offloading an-
assized by the Trade Measures and have a projects that the company embarked on. alogue and digital bulk volume meters.
known measurement traceability. This The project was conducted safely and no Our services in the aviation industry are
insures delivery of accurate, quality and injuries or fatalities were recorded during provided to the main airports in Zimbabwe
precise results to our clients. the course of the project. Many thanks to that is Robert Mugabe Airport, Victoria
Zimplats which reinforced safety Falls Airport, Joshua Nkomo
SGS Chief Operating Officer Mr Zvinavashe consciousness in the organisation and Airport and Charles Prince Airport, in
Chitsa said that SGS takes pride in its motivated the organisation to become compliance with Airlines and Joint
commitment to safety, health, quality, and OHSMS certified. In 2021, we calibrated two Inspection Group (JIG). This shows how
customer satisfaction. To ensure safety of the largest vertical tanks in Zimbabwe accurate and precise our calibrations are as
during performing our tasks, the team with a total capacity of 6.5 million litres. the aviation industry has zero tolerance for
follows strict SHEQ policies and procedures These vertical tanks are used as storage errors and high scrutiny for every task
which has resulted in a safe and healthy facilities for ethanol at Greenfuel in undertaken. Our services in the Aviation
workplace coupled with provision of Chisumbanje. Industry makes us a key player in the value
quality services and products. The chain of the Tourism industry. Having said
organisation is ISO 45001:2018- As mentioned before, SGS extends its this, we are the sole service provider for
Occupational Heathy & Safety services to the Insurance and Banking calibration of all fuel handling equipment
Management System (OHS MS) certified industry. With that being said we are in Zimbabwe.
and in addition to that it is in the final responsible for managing fuel for Old
stages of implementing the Quality Mutual through calibration of their under- To learn more about our services and
Management System (QMS) to become ground fuel tanks and their fuel handling how you can be part of our journey in
ISO 9001:2015 certified. This shows our equipment which includes supply, repair, bringing transparency to bulk liquid
commitment to prioritize safety and maintenance and calibration of their fuel handling, please visit our website
quality of our services to our clients. dispensing pumps. We also provide fuel www.sgs-stanserv.com. Alternatively, you
Furthermore, in 2022 SGS received a Safety management services to CABS, which is a can contact us on (+263) 8677 613711 or
Award from TotalEnergies for Total IZI sister company to Old Mutual. visit our offices at 595 Simon Mazorodze,
Safety Compliance, Green ICC rating and diagonally opposite Boka tobacco
the contractor which is accident free for Our organisation takes pride in offering auction floors.

ISSUE 71 • www.miningzimbabwe.com • 31
mining affairs

Large lithium deposits discovered in China

presents fears for Sodium battery and high-cost lithium producers

T
he recent discovery of China's last longer, so you can drive further. Now,
Sichuan Province lithium mine, when the price of lithium is very high, then
recognized as potentially the the difference in price between lithium
biggest pegmatite lithium batteries and sodium batteries is big. Then
Magnus Bekker
deposit in Asia, marks a it's beneficial or better to produce sodium
significant milestone in China's batteries. But with the lithium price being most of which are found in Africa and
ongoing exploration of lithium resources. low, because of the ratio of performance Zimbabwe in particular.
This breakthrough is expected to lead to a divided by price, the lithium-ion batteries
decline in lithium prices, while also are way superior to the sodium batteries. In He said the softening of lithium prices
impacting producers of Sodium batteries the longer term, the bigger the scale that might be a blessing in disguise for
and miners with high-cost lithium China is producing lithium batteries, the Zimbabwe as the country will attract
production methods. cheaper the price of the batteries. investment due to its high-grade lithium
deposits.
Speaking to Mining Zimbabwe mineral So if lithium remains cheap for a long time,
economic expert Magnus Bekker said let's say a year or two, the production of "They should be very, very worried. Because
Sodium battery producers and high cost lithium batteries globally will increase. It what it's showing is that there's lots of
production lithium producers should be will probably double. Your cost per battery lithium globally. It must just be found.
worried about the development in China for everybody globally will come down, That's all. So the high-cost or very low-
as the prices of the commodity are going meaning that cars and EVs will be cheaper. grade producers should never have gotten
to go down. funded and gotten started with the
"With sodium batteries, they can use the project. Because they were lazy or they
According to Bekker, the cost of lithium same factories, the same equipment, with were, because the prices were high, they
batteries will decrease as a result of the some slight modifications. thought, oh, now I've got a viable project.
softening of lithium prices, making them But now suddenly the price has gone
more affordable than sodium batteries So it's not difficult to switch over from down and now they cannot sell it
while still offering the advantage of being lithium to sodium. But there's no point if profitably. What does that tell you? They
stronger and more efficient. lithium prices are down," Bekker said. shouldn't have started the project. They
should have looked for a better resource.
"China obviously controls the global Bekker also said that high operation cost Maybe in Africa, maybe in another country.
battery material situation, whether people lithium producers should be worried as "A higher-grade product in which your
like it or not. They produce 70% of all most of their operations will be running at operational costs are lower and you can
batteries globally. So the issue between a loss. have a sustainable business. So this can be
lithium batteries and sodium batteries is He said they should now abandon their very good for Zimbabwe. Because
that lithium batteries are a lot stronger. high-cost production projects and look for Zimbabwe has got good-grade lithium
They can store more energy, so they can low-cost but high-production deposits resources," Bekker Concluded.

ISSUE 71 • www.miningzimbabwe.com • 32
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mining affairs

Bikita Minerals: Feasibility studies for construction of

battery-grade lithium smelter underway
“Companies are challenged to listen to
their host communities and address their
concerns. Communities must equally
appreciate that investors are indispensable
partners in the realisation of sustainable
development and a higher quality of life for
all.

“Mining companies must be good

corporate responsible citizens, with
Corporate Social, Environmental Social,
and Governance aspects being critical
components of their entities. Tangible
socio-economic advantages and benefits
should accrue to societies in which they
operate. In undertaking their ventures,
companies must listen to their host

Z
communities and address their concerns.
Communities must, on the other hand,
imbabwe’s biggest lithium minerals increased by 283 per cent over equally appreciate that investors are
producer Bikita Minerals through two years since 2020, according to the indispensable partners in the realisation of
its value addition and official statistics from the Ministry of sustainable development and a higher
beneficiation strategy as a key Finance and Investment Promotion, quality of life,” Mnangagwa said.
result area (KRA) for 2024, is demonstrating the positive impact of
currently engaged in feasibility studies for various forms of support the Government “For greater harmony and unity of purpose,
the construction of a lithium carbonate has rendered to investors in the sector. mechanisms should be developed to
smelter. improve transparency and accountability
China’s Sinomine Resource Group, the so that aspects of the project are
Rudairo Mapuranga owners of Bikita Minerals who early last understood, while grievances are heard
year acquired the project, invested US$200 and addressed.
Bikita is currently moving to meet the million to build a spodumene concentrates
government-set deadline of 31 March 2024 plant to expand its mining operations. “The safety and treatment of employees is
which complells lithium companies to also a key component. Mining companies
provide their beneficiation plans spelling Bikita Minerals has taken heed of President must strive to be model employers by
out that any form of lithium processing Emmerson Mnangagwa's call to prioritize treating and remunerating their workers
that does not result in the production of value addition and beneficiation before appropriately,” The President said.
lithium carbonate cannot be regarded as exporting Minerals.
beneficiation. Bikita Lithium Mine is Zimbabwe's biggest
The President hinted that the company lithium producer and home to the world’s
"Any lithium value addition process that has the potential to emerge as a key player largest-known deposit of the metal at
does not result in the production of lithium in the rise and popularity of the battery around 65 million tonnes.
carbonate is not regarded as beneficiation, manufacturing industry. However, he also
hence, is liable to an export tax," said The expressed his concern that the company Bikita Minerals has been an active mining
Minister of Finance and Investment should not benefit alone from global site for around 100 years. For over 50 years,
Promotion Prof Mthuli Ncube. achievement but the community it is the mining and extraction of lithium
operating from should also benefit. minerals have been at the centre of Bikita
According to Bikita Minerals Public Minerals’ activities. Today, Bikita Minerals is
Relations Victoria Mutomba, the He said that his government has implored the World’s foremost supplier of the
construction of the smelter will benefit the company, to prioritize the Bikita lithium mineral Petalite.
Masvingo province and job creation for the community as it digs in its soil and urged
surrounding communities. the company to take its workers and
environment with great care.
"Value addition is a key result area (KRA) in
2024. Feasibility studies on the “We have told them that under the Second
construction of a smelter are currently Republic, we would want to see that
underway and this will benefit the lithium is essential to the growth and
province and communities in many ways," development of Zimbabwe’s economy.
Mutomba said. They told us that after two years the
company will be generating US$500
Zimbabwe’s earnings from beneficiated MILLION per annum.

ISSUE 71 • www.miningzimbabwe.com • 34
ISSUE 69 • www.miningzimbabwe.com • 35
mining affairs
PLZ produced nearly 300 000 tonnes of lithium concentrate in 2023
and plans to manufacture batteries
by step. Firstly, we need to finish the
concentrate then we go to another step of
making lithium sulphate and we continue
up to furthering our activities to the
manufacturing of batteries,” Long said.

Speaking at the official commissioning of

PLZ's Arcadia lithium mine processing
plant in Goromonzi last year PLZ Dr
George Feng said his company was going
to fulfil the government's condition for it to
produce battery-grade lithium with works
to start construction of the plant in its
initial stages.

PLZ head of Corporate Social

Responsibility Paul Chimbodza told
Mining Zimbabwe that the company was
considering creating a lithium-grade
manufacturing plant to attract battery
Prospect Lithium Zimbabwe (PLZ) owned The company has used an excess of
manufacturers to come and set up their
Arcadia lithium mine in Goromonzi US$700 million to buy and develop the
factories at the source.
produced around 280 000 tonnes of mine and is expecting to start profiting
concentrate in 2023 and plans are under- from its investment in the next 3 years.
"…you may have heard Dr George Feng
way to double production in 2024. The
already alluded that feasibility work has
company has plans to double production On the Corporate Social Responsibility
already started to interrogate the process
in 2024 but is facing challenges due to (CSR) front, PLZ is embarking on
of doing value addition, either in the way of
softening commodity prices. Despite this, community health intervention
lithium carbonates or lithium sulphate.
PLZ remains optimistic about its future programmes to enhance access to health
The aspiration is that with these
prospects. facilities in Goromonzi and the country at
battery-grade lithium products being
large.
readily available in Zimbabwe, we think
Rudairo Mapuranga
that it will be easier to attract battery man-
PLZ is also undertaking sustainable
ufacturers to come and set up at the
Speaking to Mining Zimbabwe PLZ environmental management initiatives to
source," Chimbodza said.
General Manager Henry Zhu said his PLZ minimise lithium mining and processing
was still working on a 2024 plan but it was impacts on the environment.
The government of Zimbabwe wants
being affected by softening commodity
lithium miners operating in the country to
prices. Mr Henry said his organisation decided to
work towards producing battery-grade
invest in Zimbabwe with the major
lithium locally and could impose a tax on
"We produced around 280000 tons of contributing factor being the enabling
exports of lithium concentrate in future.
concentrate. We are working on the 2024 investor-friendly policies established by
plan. But it's a big challenge because of the government.
Last year, Zimbabwe banned the export of
the low price," Zhu said.
unprocessed lithium ore to stop rampant
The policies fast-tracked the acquisition,
extraction and smuggling of the mineral
Following the successful conclusion of a establishment, and development of the
by artisanal miners, ordering that only
US$377,8 million upfront cash project on record.
lithium concentrates could be exported.
consideration last year under a share sale
agreement from Prospect Resources by Manufacturing of batteries in Zimbabwe
It now wants miners to go beyond the
China’s Huayou International Mining for an
production of concentrates, which are
87 per cent stake in Prospect Lithium PLZ intends to manufacture Lithium
shipped for further processing outside the
Zimbabwe, a US$300 million processing batteries in Zimbabwe as part of its efforts
country, mostly to China.
plant was built at the mine before the to contribute towards the government's
asset started exporting lithium vision to see the country becoming an
“Obviously, what the government wants is
concentrate towards the end of April of last upper middle-income economy by 2030.
to move up the value chain, but it won’t
year.
happen overnight,” the former Minister of
PLZ director in the general manager’s
Mines and Mining Development Hon
PLZ processing plant can process 4,5 office Mr Yu Long said they will look into
Winston Chitando said in an address at an
million tonnes of lithium ore per year, manufacturing lithium batteries in
Event.
producing 450,000 tonnes of concentrate. Zimbabwe after the company finishes the
Currently, PLZ employs over 2 500 local process to produce battery-grade lithium.
Zimbabweans including contractors and
sub-contractors. “As PLZ we will follow the procedure step

ISSUE 71 • www.miningzimbabwe.com • 36
mining affairs

One-on-One With Prospect Resources C.E.O

Sam Hosack

Sam Hosack

I
n the realm of mining and the design, construction and delivery of commodities, principally in sub-Saharan
exploration, Zimbabwe holds vast major mine and infrastructure facilities Africa, applying the cash generated from
potential yet struggles with a key across Africa, Europe, Central America and the sale of our world-class Arcadia Lithium
obstacle – funding a Mining Australia. The depth and breadth of these Project in 2022. Prospect is seeking to
Executive has said. demanding and challenging experiences achieve the development of such projects
shaped me as a professional and as a leader, into productive and economic mining
However, amidst this challenge, some with skills and experience that I utilise every operations, focused on lithium, rare earth
individuals and companies have managed day at Prospect as we grow the business. minerals and copper. We see all these
to build successful ventures that spearhead commodities as particularly important in
economic growth within the country. One What does it mean to be CEO at Prospect the electrification transition, as the world
such remarkable figure is Sam Hosack, the Resources? seeks to move away from dependence on
Chief Executive Officer of Prospect fossil fuels for its energy needs.
Resources. Mining Zimbabwe had the It’s a great honour and responsibility to lead
privilege of sitting down with him to delve an organisation, and every day I spring into It is public knowledge that your
into the projects his company is currently action to serve the team. I have really company is currently conducting
running and to gain insights into his take on cherished partnering with the smartest and exploration at a 400-hectare land (Step
the investment climate in Zimbabwe. most experienced people in our industry Aside project) 8km North of the Arcadia
and building a team that has fantastic lithium mine. Why did you choose this
Known for his efficacy as a project builder, credentials. The team challenges me, and in particular place and what was the
Hosack unequivocally believes that Zimba- turn, I see my role being to ensure the team potential like before you conducted the
bwe possesses immense opportunities for has the focus and resources they require to first phase of exploration?
new ventures and boasts a workforce rich in achieve our strategic goals. Holding the
qualifications and expertise. Let's get into it! team and Board in balance is an important The Step Aside Project is situated in a
daily goal, bringing the best shareholder comparable geological position to the
Can you please tell us about yourself and value from our work. Arcadia Mine and as such, was always
how you ended up in your position? thought to be prospective for its lithium
Prospect Resources has created a strong mineral potential. There were small defined
I am an Engineer by training who joined presence in critical minerals exploration. pegmatites and anomalous lithium soil
Prospect as CEO in 2018. Before Prospect, I What do you seek to achieve as a geochemistry defined back in 2018, long
held senior project and operations roles at company? before the first phase of exploration drilling
a leading African and global miner, First commenced at Step Aside in October 2022.
Quantum Minerals (FQM) over a 14-year The Company recognises its competitive
career. At FQM, I was shaped into a very advantage and has embarked on a strategy
effective project builder, in charge of driving of exploring and developing battery mineral continued on the next page>>

ISSUE 71 • www.miningzimbabwe.com • 38
 mining affairs
What excites us about Step Aside is the mineral production. The lack of power and on the Projects you have an interest in.
high-grade lithium mineralisation, which transport infrastructure in the Country Local knowledge is the key and be
whilst different to Arcadia has some requires substantial national investment, prepared to be patient for opportunities.
unique advantages. as is happening elsewhere in sub-Saharan
Africa to support mining. Do you think Zimbabwe has the
Your company has completed two potential to create a generation of junior
phases of mixed RC and diamond drilling There are a lot of small players with miners just like in Australia?
programs at the Step Aside project. How lithium claims with potential but not
many holes have been drilled at current been explored. Does your company have Longer term yes but must be strongly
and what are the results like? plans to partner with these small players supported by all levels of Governance
for exploration? working cooperatively. Junior miners are
Prospect has now completed three phases very risk-tolerant and are a key feeder in
of mixed RC and mainly diamond drilling Prospect has a very good understanding of the mining sector. However,
at Step Aside since late 2022 for 17 RC and the lithium prospectivity in Zimbabwe. fundamentally the risk-reward payoff has
76 diamond holes for a total of about 8,400 Contested ownership and fragmented to be positive, if not the money will flow
metres. claims across the country make it difficult elsewhere. There will be no lack of interest
to build suitable land positions to justify in Zimbabwe given the mineral
We understand that the fourth Phase large investments at present although the prospectivity.
drilling program is set to commence. team remain poised for the rare
How many holes are you targeting to be opportunities where the tenure is secure Besides the mining business, what is
drilled and what are your plans after the and has scale. Sam into?
phase 4 drilling program?
How many projects is Prospect currently Outside of work, I am a keen
Phase 4 is set to commence in late January managing in Southern Africa and are you outdoorsman/sportsperson. I love cycling,
and will constitute about 2,000m of meeting your deadline targets? swimming, running and with less
diamond drilling. A mineral resource competence golf and tennis. In my early
estimate could then be estimated for the Besides Step Aside in Zimbabwe, Prospect 20’s I strived to do a marathon in under 3
entire Step Aside Lithium Project. is also earning via a JV over the Omaruru hrs, taking around 15 marathons to achieve
Lithium Project in central Namibia. The this. My wife and I have done long course
The nation will be curious about your Company also has an Option over a rare ironman triathlons together, and I have
plans for the Step Aside project after earth project in Zambia and looking to completed challenging cycle events in
exploration. Do you also intend to acquire more advanced projects for Tasmania and Europe. After leaving
dispose of the project after a successful development elsewhere in sub-Saharan University I joined up with a friend and we
exploration phase as you did with the Africa at present. Our stated goals are to cycled from London to Turin in Italy, racing
Arcadia lithium project? develop a handful of early-stage projects, across France and of course the Alps in a 6
and a number of advanced projects of day sprint mimicking stages of the Tour De
The Prospect team have the credentials to which we are very committed and on France. One of my recent challenges was
fund and build a mine at Step Aside, ho- target. swimming the 19km Rottnest Channel sea
wever, the decision whilst being so near to swim in Perth. The experiences I have had
Arcadia is whether we can justify a stand- What is your advice to individuals and completing very challenging physical and
alone mine. Typically in this scenario, the companies who would want to invest in mental objectives have also emboldened
Arcadia mine would process Step Aside the mining industry in Zimbabwe? me in business to set and achieve our goals
ores, in which case we will evaluate the with an emphasis on following them up
best means to create value from our work. We believe Zimbabwe has great projects, with action!
has great people but lacks the funding. If
What is your perspective on the you can identify and manage the inherent
investment climate in Zimbabwe and risks, then focus on extensive due diligence
what policies do you think need to be
adjusted for easy flow of mining
business?

Through the Chamber of Mines, we

advocate for the same policy stability that
all businesses rely on.

It is a fact that Zimbabwe is hamstrung

by a lack of exploration. What do you
think needs to be done to ensure a flow
of investment in exploration?

As previously, transparent system of

mining and exploration licencing
ownership within the entire country and
clearly defined policies up front, outlining
requirements for value adding to raw

ISSUE 71 • www.miningzimbabwe.com • 39
mining affairs

Calls for exploration investment in Zimbabwe

intensified
renowned economic experts who is also
the Chairperson of Associated African
Nickel Resources Ltd (“AANR”), Ben
Mbanga, there should be a huge appetite
by the country to tap into exploration
particularly for battery metals as the
popularity of the minerals is on the rise.
Mbanga suggested that pension funds
can be used to fund exploration to ensure
the country adopts the clean energy
revolution.

Mbanga indicated that AANR and the

T
Nation are on an expansion drive and is
looking to spread its wings across the
here is a growing call by the Minister Soda said investing in exploration nickel value chain as it will help the
government and experts for was crucial for the country's development company tap into the ever-growing Li-ion
investors wishing to tap into the and growth agenda. battery in line with the global shift towards
country's mineral value chain to clean energy alternatives.
consider investing in exploration Hon Soda said the Arcadia Lithium project
as a top priority. was a good example of how companies “AANR is therefore focused on clean Nickel
investing in the country's exploration and Sulphide deposits in Africa to yield
One of the main reasons why there is a discovery of new mines can be of benefit traceable, sustainable EV-Battery Grade
need for increased investment in to both the country and the exploration Nickel Sulphate and Cobalt Sulphate
Zimbabwe's exploration industry is the company. (99.5% pure). This has seen the company
country's undiscovered vast mineral advancing rapidly in exploring for nickel
wealth. Zimbabwe is home to an “Our country can boost its revenue and other Li-Ion Battery technology
abundance of resources such as gold, generation by investing in exploration and required metals to advance the world’s
platinum, lithium, diamonds, chrome and discovering new battery mineral deposits increasing demand for green energy, “he
coal among many others. In fact, the that can be extracted and sold to global said.
country has the world's second-largest markets.
platinum reserves, and rich lithium A report by the World Bank highlights the
resources and is also known for its high- “Successful exploration of our mineral economic benefits of increased
quality diamonds. By investing in resources leads to long-term investments investment in the exploration industry.
exploration, Zimbabwe has the potential to by foreign companies as exemplified by According to the report, every US dollar
unlock these resources and generate the recent completion of the Prospect invested in mining exploration has the
significant revenue for the country. Lithium Zimbabwe mine and processing potential to generate an additional US$3 in
plant.” Hon Soda said. economic output. This multiplier effect can
In light of this, industry experts suggest have a positive impact on Zimbabwe's
that targeted exploration efforts could Former Minister of Mines and Mining economy, creating jobs, and stimulating
unveil even more lucrative deposits across Development who now serves as the other sectors such as manufacturing and
the country. With rising global demand for Minister of Local Governance, Hon Winston services.
commodities, now is the time for bold Chitando said the country’s mining sector
investors to seize these priceless was a huge capital uplift therefore of Zimbabwe's vast mineral resources make
opportunities. significance for investors to bank their it an intriguing destination for exploratory
money into mineral exploration for huge investments. Recent reforms and
The government of Zimbabwe is already returns. legislation have started laying the ground-
simplifying and expediting the processes work for a more investor-friendly
of obtaining mining and exploration “For those who have the appetite for environment. With political stability
licenses to ensure companies and exploration, Zimbabwe is the place, and gradually improving, now is the time for
individuals intending to invest in the there is a huge opportunity for a capital visionary investors to capitalize on the
mining and exploration subsection of the uplift. Zimbabwe is a mature mine untapped potential of this resource-rich
extractive industry have an easy way of economy, we have a functional system for nation. By strategically investing in
doing business. the export of the product, the importation exploration efforts and fostering
of capital goods and we have a functional responsible partnerships, we can unlock
According to the Minister of Mines and system for the importation of raw materi- Zimbabwe's wealth, pave the way for
Mining Development Hon Zhemu Soda, als. All these make Zimbabwe a successful sustainable development, and set the
the country was opening its door to mining destination,” Minister Chitando stage for a brighter future for all involved.
investors who intended to invest in said.
exploration.
According to one of the country’s

ISSUE 71 • www.miningzimbabwe.com • 40
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Beitbridge | Forbes | Bulawayo | Mutare | Plumtree | Chirundu
mining affairs

Sustainable Facilities Management: The Support

System In Modern-Day Mines

Nomsa Ngono

F
acilities Management administration duties, waste Tsebo significantly contributes to
encompasses two primary management, landscaping, pest control, streamlining operations and achieving
sectors: Hard Facility accommodation housekeeping and health production goals in multiple mines and
Management Services and Soft & safety sometimes referred to as ‘EHS’ industries. This is accomplished through
Facility Management Services. being environment, health & safety. their range of Facilities Management soft
The former pertains to technical & Facilities Management may more recently services, which include catering, cleaning,
maintenance-related services, while the be termed Workplace Management hygiene, pest control, housekeeping, and
latter covers people-centric solutions such Services or Solutions in modern-day work- health & safety management.
as cleaning, reception services, spaces. Workplace Management Solutions
landscaping, and catering tasks to name in a mining environment can provide Furthermore, the Group takes proactive
but a few. Notably, academic literature on comfort for employees, including wellness, steps in coordinating logistics for remote
Facilities Management predominantly whether healthy living or social and/or mine sites located far from major Central
emphasises hard services, along with the psychological being. It is encapsulated in Business Districts (CBDs), aiming to rapidly
continuous enhancement across a facility's providing healthy, balanced meals, reduce inefficiencies in mining operations.
lifecycle, often neglecting soft services. This working in safe well maintained & well- Additionally, Tsebo extends its impact by
article centres around providing soft ventilated/air-conditioned and clean engaging with and upskilling local
services, aiming to alleviate occupational spaces, and providing social amenities communities, thereby ensuring a more
stress in mining and industrial settings, within an industrial site, mine site or mine sustainable future for all stakeholders
thereby allowing a heightened village to create a ‘home away from home’. involved.
concentration on operational efficiency,
sustainability, and achieving production In the 21st century, Africa embraced the Today, Facilities Management plays a
objectives. rapid spread of Workplace Management critical role in navigating the intricate
Solutions/Facilities Management as an interplay of people, processes, and physical
Facilities Management is still a new field; industry through internationally managed spaces across various industries and
though introduced in the 1980s in Europe, companies, associated with significantly mining operations. This discipline excels in
it’s still a largely misunderstood profession improved efficiency in mine/industrial harmonising and interfacing diverse
in Africa. In the 1980s, Facilities operations within the continent of Africa; systems, effectively bridging gaps, and
Management across Africa was more the rapid increase was especially pinpointing issues, particularly in
defined and limited to designing, significant in countries like South Africa, environments characterised by a diverse
constructing and managing buildings and Ethiopia, Kenya, and Rwanda. In Southern workforce and operational risks.
structures within industrial and mine sites. Africa, South Africa is usually the head- Consequently, streamlining processes and
With the waves of change, the focus on quarters of most internationally simplifying management practices is
design, buildings and structures shifted recognised institutions. Well-known global essential in Facilities Management, ensur-
more to engineering departments. brands work closely with leading pan- ing efficient and safe operations.
Facilities Management is currently delving African Workplace Management Solutions
into soft services such as catering provision, brands such as Tsebo Solutions Group.
cleaning & hygiene services, reception and continued on the next page>>

ISSUE 71 • www.miningzimbabwe.com • 42
 MINING AFFAIRS
Moreover, its role extends to championing Eastern investors conducting mining various hot drinks and cost-effective
Environmental, Social, and Governance activities in different parts of the continent premix tea for larger workforces along with
(ESG) principles, which are crucial for struggled to manage facilities within healthy balanced nutritional and nourish-
promoting sustainability in mining and mining sites and mine compounds, ing meals, highlighting their commitment
industrial environments. This involves including the welfare of the workers. These to both efficiency and employee welfare.
implementing strategies that minimise investors managed to ease workplace
environmental impact, uphold social service complexities through tendering In conclusion, Facilities
responsibility, and adhere to robust Facilities Management to brands like Management/Workplace Management
governance standards, thereby Tsebo Zimbabwe to provide professional Solutions play a crucial role in accelerating
contributing to sustainable operational support services. Eastern Lithium Investors ESG goals in mining and industry
practices. have come to understand the importance operations, including safeguarding the
of tendering for Facilities Management well-being of people by providing essential
In Zimbabwe, Tsebo is the leading companies to look after the welfare of the services, information, training, and
solutions provider for mines and industries, mine workers. Despite limited assistance in supervision to mitigate health and safety
striving to resolve gaps and address infrastructure development for mining risks. The collaboration between the
complex systems within the unique work- companies, significant support has been Quality Control and Health & Safety depart-
spaces. Platinum Group Metals was one of provided in the areas of asset ments is instrumental in enforcing and
the first major mining companies in the management and soft services support implementing procedures that uphold
country to introduce Facilities systems. stringent governance standards, such as
Management in their workspaces. In the food safety management systems. Given
last two decades, Platinum Group Metals Facilities must provide essentials such as the heightened risks at mining sites, which
Mines worked with Tsebo Zimbabwe to clean accommodation & restrooms, can significantly impact operations and
tackle complexities in managing soft drinking water, and dining areas delivering production, most companies strive for a
services and processes within mining healthy and nourishing meals in mining zero-tolerance policy towards incidents.
villages and sites. The primary focus and industrial work environments. Tsebo Tsebo Zimbabwe, in this regard, is an ISO
extended towards soft services being Zimbabwe ensures access to safe drinking 9001-certified, ISO 22000 certified
catering, cleaning, pest control, house- water by operating purification plants and organisation committed to maintaining
keeping, health and safety etc. distributing it in 20-litre bottles for on-site high service quality standards as stipulated
dispensers. They also offer food & beverage by the Standards Association of Zimbabwe.
With Africa’s political economies shifting services for both management staff,
the balance of trade to the East. Most including coffee machines that dispense

ISSUE 71 • www.miningzimbabwe.com • 43
mining affairs

Derisking Mining Investment:

Mitigating Risks for Long-Term Success
Mining is an industry that holds great based on robust data. and assessing the potential impact of
potential for investors seeking profitable these factors on a mining project can help
returns, but it also comes with a fair share Regulatory challenges are another investors derisk their investments and plan
of risks. These risks can range from significant risk factor in the mining for long-term success.
fluctuations in commodity prices to industry. Local and international
geological uncertainties and regulatory regulations related to environmental Furthermore, implementing robust risk
challenges. However, with careful planning protection, community engagement, and management strategies is essential for
and a proactive approach to risk labour practices can impact mining derisking mining investments. These
mitigation, investors can derisk their operations. Investors must thoroughly strategies may include insurance coverage,
mining investment to ensure long-term assess the legal and regulatory landscape contingency plans, and hedging against
success. of a potential mining project to ensure price fluctuations. Regular monitoring and
compliance and avoid future evaluation of the mining project's
One of the primary risks associated with complications. Engaging with experts who performance are also crucial for identifying
mining investment is the volatility of have a deep understanding of local potential risks and taking timely action.
commodity prices. For example, the prices regulations can help investors navigate
of precious metals like gold and silver can complex legal frameworks and minimize In conclusion, derisking mining
swing drastically, impacting profitability. To regulatory risks. investment requires a comprehensive
mitigate this risk, investors can diversify approach that considers multiple factors
their mining portfolios. By investing in a Furthermore, geopolitical risks cannot be ranging from commodity price volatility to
variety of commodities, investors can offset overlooked when it comes to mining geological uncertainties, regulatory
potential losses in one area with gains in investment. Political instability, changes in challenges, geopolitical risks, and
another. This diversification strategy can government policies, and social unrest can macroeconomic factors. By diversifying
help stabilize returns and reduce the over- disrupt mining operations and impact portfolios, conducting thorough
all risk exposure. profitability. Investors must carefully assess assessments, and implementing robust
the political and social stability of the risk management strategies, investors can
Another crucial aspect of derisking mining countries or regions where they plan to mitigate risks and increase the likelihood
investment is thoroughly evaluating the invest. Conducting comprehensive risk of long-term success in the mining
geological potential of a mining project. assessments and staying updated on industry. With thorough due diligence,
Geological uncertainties, such as the geopolitical developments can help careful planning, and a proactive
presence of high-grade ore bodies or investors make informed decisions and approach, mining investments can yield
adequate reserves, can significantly mitigate potential risks. profitable returns for investors.
impact the profitability of a mining
operation. Conducting extensive In addition to these specific risks, investors
geological surveys and assessments can must also consider general economic
provide valuable insights into the potential factors such as currency fluctuations and
risks and rewards of a particular mining inflation. These macroeconomic risks can
investment. Engaging experienced impact the cost of mining operations, the
geologists and mining consultants can price of inputs, and overall profitability.
help investors make informed decisions Conducting thorough economic analyses

ISSUE 71 • www.miningzimbabwe.com • 44
Investment opportunities in Zimbabwe's mineral wealth
Are you looking for lucrative investment opportunities in the mining sector? Look no further than Zimbabwe. With
its rich and diverse mineral deposits, Zimbabwe offers an array of investment options that are supported by
promising statistics.

L
et's take a closer look at some diamond deposits. The potential for
of the minerals and their discovering high-quality diamonds is
verified deposits in Zimbabwe: significant, especially considering that
Zimbabwe is home to the famous
Marange diamond fields.
GOLD

Zimbabwe is blessed with gold

reserves in every district of the country. It
ranks fourth in Africa in terms of gold DIAMONDS
production, making it an attractive In 2022, Zimbabwe, which is the world's
investment for those seeking exposure to seventh-largest diamond producer, earned
the precious metal. According to the US$424 million in diamond earnings from
Reserve Bank of Zimbabwe, the country 4.5 million carats. The 4.5 million carats was
possesses the second-largest gold reserves an increase of around 7 per cent compared
per square kilometre in the world, with 13 to the previous year. The country currently
million tonnes of confirmed deposits, with COAL
only about 600 tonnes of which have been
extracted since 1980. Zimbabwe holds one of the biggest coal
resources in the world. The latest value
PLATINUM from 2023 is 553.36 million tons. For
comparison, the world average in 2021
The country has vast platinum reserves, based on 190 countries is 6101.35 million
primarily in Kwekwe, Makonde, Shurugwi, short tons. Zimbabwe's coal reserves are
Chegutu, and Centenary. Zimbabwe is the found in multiple areas, including Gokwe,
third-largest producer of platinum in the has three diamond operating mines which Chiredzi, Beitbridge, Hwange, Lupane,
world after South Africa and Russia and are Zimbabwe Consolidated Diamond Binga, Kariba, Hurungwe, and Bikita.
has the second-largest reserves in the Company (ZCDC), Anjin and RMZ Murowa
world, making it a prime destination for Diamonds, the fourth one Alrosa With the world's increasing demand for
investors interested in this valuable Zimbabwe is still undertaking exploration. energy, investing in Zimbabwe's coal
resource. Gweru, Bubi, Beitbridge, Binga, Mwenezi, sector can be a wise decision.
and Chivi are among the areas rich in

ISSUE 71 • www.miningzimbabwe.com • 46
 MINING AFFAIRS
LITHIUM used in various industries, investing in this significant growth in recent years, with
mineral can yield substantial returns. mineral exports increasing by 26% to reach
$2.7 billion in 2020.
These are just a few examples of the
minerals found in Zimbabwe, but the
country's mineral wealth extends far
beyond these offerings. The government of
Zimbabwe recognizes the potential for
developing and harnessing its mineral
resources, and has implemented
investor-friendly policies to attract and
The country is ranked 5th among lithium safeguard investments.
producers in the world and first in Africa.
Zimbabwe has three operating lithium STATISTICS SPEAK LOUDER THAN
mines, Bikita Minerals (65.8 million tonnes WORDS
of lithium ore grading 1.4% lithium),
Arcadia Lithium Mine (42.3Mt reserves at
average ore grading at 1.38%) and Sabi Star In terms of employment, mining supports
lithium mine (reserve of 10 million tons and over 200,000 direct jobs and an additional
an average grade 1.34%). 500,000 indirect jobs, providing a
significant livelihood for many
Several mines up to 20 are under Zimbabweans.
exploration including Kuvimba Mining
House-owned Sandawana mines (reserves The potential for further growth and profit
estimated at around 200 million tonnes at in Zimbabwe's mining sector is evident.
an average grade of 1.8%) and Step Aside With abundant mineral deposits and a
lithium project (estimated 65 million favorable investment climate, the country
tonnes at an average grade of 1.4%). offers a promising opportunity for investors
Zimbabwe lithium deposits, notably in According to the Zimbabwe Chamber of seeking long-term returns.
Goromonzi, Mudzi, Buhera, Bikita, Mines, the mining sector contributes
Chegutu, Hwange, Insiza, Rushinga, approximately 10% of Zimbabwe's GDP
Mutoko, Mutare, and Hwange. Given the and accounts for over 60% of the country's
global demand for lithium-ion batteries export earnings. The sector has seen

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mining affairs

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mining affairs

Small-scale miners
in Zimbabwe sign a responsible mining pledge
urged to prioritize responsible mining
practices.

“As small-scale miners, we need to take

precautionary measures at our sites and
we must ensure that our shafts are collared
and covered. We also encourage our
miners to make proper drainages that
capture flowing water,” she said.

In adhering to responsible mining,

according to Rushwaya the Zimbabwe
Miners Federation (ZMF) will employ a
multi-disciplinary approach by integrating
disciplines in planning, operating, resource
marketing/selling and closing mines
Zimbabwe Miners Federation (ZMF) President Ms Henrietta Rushwaya following international best practices.

S
mall-scale mining has long Responsible Mining Audit, to promote To achieve the responsible mining pledge
played a significant role in the responsible and compliant mining èxperts wants the ASM in Zimbabwe to
Zimbabwean economy, providing activities in the country, a measure have an environmental, social and
employment opportunities and implemented to ensure that mining governance (ESG) strategy tailor-made for
contributing to local activities are carried out responsibly and the country's ASM sector.
development. However, this per international and country's legal
sector has also faced several challenges, framework. "We shall continue to engage Government
including concerns about environmental and profer solutions with regards sectorial
and social impacts. In an effort to address The ZMF President, Ms Henrietta transformation," Rushwaya said.
these issues, small-scale miners in Rushwaya, early this year said there is a
Zimbabwe led by the Zimbabwe Miners need for precautionary measures to ensure She said the ZMF believes in
Federation (ZMF) signed a responsible the safety of miners and the preservation environmental safety as such issues to do
mining pledge, signalling their of the environment. with decarbonisation, water stewardship,
commitment to sustainable practices. climate action, energy efficiency and
According to Rushwaya to achieve the human dignity in the mining industry will
Last year President HE Emmerson targeted 40 tonnes of gold deliveries to the be prioritised.
Dambudzo Mnangagwa initiated the Fidelity Gold Refinery (FGR), the ASM is
Continued on the next page>>

A small-scale mine site in Kadoma, Mashonaland West Zimbabwe

ISSUE 71 • www.miningzimbabwe.com • 50
 MINING AFFAIRS
sourcing as a result ZMF will ensure that The Government has decided to increase
minerals are sourced responsibly, with due oversight over all mining activities in the
regard for the impact of mining and its country to curb malpractices.
extensive value chain – from the
environmental impact and carbon foot-
print to social and human rights issues.

Responsible sourcing is already high on

the European Union (EU) agenda. Its
RE-SOURCING project – funded by the
EU’s Horizon 2020 research and innovation
programme – is developing roadmaps for
Minister Zhemu Soda critical sectors and contributing to future
While the issue of carbonation is barely a policies.
result of ASM operations, Rushwaya A small-scale miner
believes that the use of solar energy in ASM Responsible Mining audit in Zimbabwe
operations will have a greater impact on According to the Minister of Mines and
the decarbonisation agenda. Between May and June last year, the Mining Development Hon Zhemu Soda,
government of Zimbabwe the Responsible Mining Audit Report will
According to Rushwaya, the As small-scale conducted a Responsible prepare a strategy for the Ministry of Mines
management of water not miners, we need Mining Audit to establish if and Mining Development to use regarding
only presents increasing risks to take precautionary mining companies were Safety Health and Environment Quality
to mining stability but also measures at our sites complying with (SHEQ) in the ASM industry.
poses challenges to the and we must ensure requirements relating to the
environment. She suggests that our shafts are submission of production The signing of this pledge represents a
that by reducing water usage, collared and returns as required by law. historic milestone in the country's mining
maximizing recycling efforts, covered. industry as it demonstrates a shift towards
and preventing contamination, her Furthermore, the audit also sought greater transparency and accountability
sector can safeguard against potential to establish a framework that fosters within the small-scale mining sector. The
water-related issues caused by shortages responsible mining practices while initiative is aimed at promoting
and pollution. guaranteeing the well-being of the responsible mining practices that
communities and environments where minimize harm to the environment and
Rushwaya believes that responsible mining activities are taking place. safeguard the well-being of local
mining goes a long way to responsible communities.

ISSUE 71 • www.miningzimbabwe.com • 51
mineral focus

Minerals and Location found in Zimbabwe

Agate Nyamandhlovu, Chikomba, Lupane
Aluminum Mutare, Nyanga, Mwenezi
Amazonite Nyamandhlovu, Rushinga
Amethyst Nyamandhlovu, Hurungwe, Hwange, Makonde, Lupan
Antimony Kwekwe, Bubi, Mberengwa, Kadoma, Shurugwi
Arsenic Bubi, Shurugwi, Mutare, Gwanda
Asbestos Masvingo, Gwanda, Matobo, Mberengwa, Insiza, Makonde, Umzingwane
Aventurine Masvingo, Beitbridge
Barites Kwekwe, Mwenezi
Beryl Hurungwe, Kariba, Goromonzi, Harare, Mudzi, Rushinga, Mutoko, Bindura, Marondera, Gutu, Buhera,
Bikita, Chegutu, Hwange, Mberengwa, Gweru
Bismuth Gwanda, Insiza, Goromonzi, Hwange
Cesium Mudzi, Bikita, Goromonzi
Calcite Hwange, Bindura, Chiredzi, Mwenezi
Chromium Mberengwa, Guruve, Makonde, Gweru, Kwekwe, Shurungwi, Chegutu, Kadoma, Gwanda, Insiza,
Masvingo, Chirumanzu
Citrine Marondera, Harare, Goromonzi
Clay Harare, Bulawayo, Gwanda, Gweru
Coal Gokwe, Chiredzi, Beitbridge, Mwenezi, Hwange, Lupane, Binga, Kariba, Hurungwe, Bikita
Cobalt Kwekwe, Insiza, Shamva, Bubi, Bindura
Copper Makonde, Kadoma, Mutare, Chirumanzu, Chegutu, Kwekwe, Shurugwi, Beitbridge, Gokwe, Bindura,
Chipinge, Bikita, Insiza, Makonde, Harare, Bulawayo, Shamva, Chiredzi, Nkayi, Mudzi, Chegutu, Bindura,
Kwekwe, Hurungwe, Bubi, Makonde, Bikita, Gwanda, Masvingo.
Cordierite Hurungwe, Beitbridge, Chimanimani, Rushinga, Makuti
Corundum Beitbridge, Chiredzi, Shurugwi, Marondera, Mberengwa, Mazowe, Rushinga, Insiza, Goromonzi, Wedza,
Makoni
Diamond Gweru, Bubi, Beitbridge, Binga, Mwenezi, Mutare, Chivi
Diatomite Hurungwe
Dolomite Mutare, Beitbridge, Makonde, Mudzi, Masvingo, Rushinga.
Emerald Gutu, Masvingo, Insiza, Mberengwa, Hurungwe.
Feldspar Harare, Bikita, Umzingwane, Goromonzi
Fireclay Hwange, Chiredzi, Kwekwe, Lupane, Nkayi, Kadoma, Kwekwe
Flint clay Mwenezi, Beitbridge
Fluorite Hwange, Guruve, Binga
Garnet Beitbridge, Hurungwe, Mudzi, Guruve, Rushinga, Marondera
Graphite Hwange, Hurungwe, Kariba, Makonde
Gypsum Beitbridge
Gold Every district in Zimbabwe
Iron Kwekwe, Mberengwa, Harare, Kwekwe, Buhera, Gweru, Charter, Chiredzi, Masvingo, Mazowe, Kadoma.

ISSUE 71 • www.miningzimbabwe.com • 52
 mineral focus

Minerals and Location found in Zimbabwe

Jade Masvingo
Kaolin Kwekwe, Mutare, Bubi, Hwange, Kadoma, Mazowe, Harare, Umzingwane, Nkayi, Chegutu
Kainite Hurungwe, Nyanga, Mudzi, Rushinga
Lead Mberengwa, Kwekwe, Gokwe, Mutare, Wedza, Hwange
Limestone Mberengwa, Gwanda, Bindura, Shamva, Mazowe, Kadoma, Umzingwane, Gweru, Chegutu, Chimanimani,
Mudzi, Harare, Hurungwe

Lithium Goromonzi, Mudzi, Buhera, Bikita, Chegutu, Hwange, Harare, Insiza, Rushinga, Mutoko, Mutare, Hwange
Magnetite Gwanda, Nyanga, Kadoma, Mwenezi, Insiza, Buhera, Mberengwa, Beitbridge, Gweru
Manganese Kwekwe, Gweru, Makonde, Mberengwa
Mercury Bubi, Kadoma
Mica Hurungwe, Rushinga, Kariba, Hwange
Molybdenum Kwekwe, Insiza, Shurugwi, Makonde, Chipinge, Gweru, Mutare
Mtorolite Guruve, Mutare
Nickel Bubi, Makonde, Kwekwe, Insiza, Guruve, Shamva, Shurugwi, Matobo, Chegutu, Bindura, Gweru.
Ochre Gweru, Kwekwe
Palladium Kwekwe, Makonde, Shurugwi, Chegutu
Phosphate Buhera
Platinum Kwekwe, Makonde, Shurugwi, Chegutu, Centenary
Pyrite Shurugwi, Gwanda, Mazowe, Kadoma, Bulilimamangwe, Shamva, Hwange.
Salt Mwenezi
Sapphire Mudzi
Selenium Makonde
Silica Gweru, Kwekwe, Makonde, Chegutu, Gokwe, Harare, Goromonzi
Sillimanite Hurungwe
Silver Makoni, Makonde, Kwekwe
Talc Bubi, Guruve, Insiza, Nyanga, Mutare, Mt Darwin, Mberengwa, Goromonzi, Mutoko, Wedza, Kwekwe,
Makoni
Tantalum Hurungwe, Guruve, Kariba, Mudzi, Mutoko, Shamva, Bindura, Harare, Goromonzi, Murehwa, Mt Darwin,
Rushinga, Mazowe, Marondera, Gutu, Masvingo, Buhera, Bikita, Mutare, Hwange, Chivhu, Mberengwa,
Chimanimani, Makoni, Insiza
Tin Hurungwe, Mudzi, Shamva, Bindura, Goromonzi, Harare, Rushinga, Mt Darwin, Nyanga, Gutu, Bikita,
Hwange, Masvingo, Mutare
Topaz Hurungwe, Gweru, Mutare
Tungsten Hurungwe, Kariba, Shamva, Mazowe, Rushinga, Bindura, Guruve, Mt Darwin, Harare, Mudzi, Goromonzi,
Bulawayo, Insiza, Matobo, Gwanda, Umzingwane, Bubi, Buhera, Mberengwa, Kadoma, Bikita, Shurugwi,
Mutare, Chipinge, Chegutu, Kwekwe, Chiredzi, Wedza, Gweru, Hwange, Masvingo, Makoni
Vanadium Mt Darwin, Guruve, Bulawayo

Vermiculite Buhera, Mudzi Zinc Kwekwe, Gokwe, Nyanga

ISSUE 71 • www.miningzimbabwe.com • 53
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