GROUP 1
CRIME SCENE PROCESSING AND INVESTIGATIVE PROCEDURE
& CRIME SCENE DOCUMENTATION
MEMBERS:
DE GUZMAN, JOANNA B.
ESTACAAN, CYRON KYLE D.
PANTA, JOHN REYMOND T.
POLIDO, ALEXANDER S.
GRAFE, VINCENT NIñO F.
CAORTE, RYAN L.
SANGLITAN, GLEZYLEE A.
CRIME SCENE PROCESSING
Each crime scene is different and may necessitate a different approach to processing
the scene. However, there is a fundamental crime scene protocol that should be
adhered to in all crime scenes. These basic functions or tasks are as follows:
● Interview
● Examine
● Photography
● Sketch
● Process
INTERVIEW
The crime scene technician must interview the first officer who responded to the scene
or the victim to determine the “hypothesis” of the case. It deals with what allegedly
happened, what crime took place, and how the crime was committed. This information
may not be factual but it will give the crime scene technician a foundation from which to
start.
EXAMINE
The second step involves examination, to establish if the “theory” of the case is
corroborated by what the crime scene technician observes. Examining the scene would
make it possible to identify potential items of evidentiary nature, identify point of entry
and point of exit, and get the general layout of the crime scene.
PHOTOGRAPHY
Photographing the crime scene to chronicle a pictorial view of what the scene looks like
and to record items of possible evidence, crime scene photographs are usually taken in
two categories:
SKETCH
A sketch graphically portrays the scene of a crime and items within the crime scene that
are of interest to the investigation. The sketch, crime scene photographs and
investigative notes are complementary and are all necessary to effectively process the
crime scene. The sketch provides the best means of portraying distances between
objects at the scene.
PROCESS
The final step in the protocol is to process the crime scene. The crime scene technician
will sort out the crime scene for evidence, both physical and testimonial evidence. It is
the crime scene technicians’ duty to identify, evaluate and collect physical evidence
from the crime scene for further analysis by a crime laboratory.
WHAT TO DO UPON RECEIPT OR COMPLAINT OF A CRIME INCIDENT?
PROCEDURE UPON RECEIPT OF COMPLAINT
➢ The following are the functions and responsibilities of the Desk Officers, First
Responders, and Investigator-on-Case, upon receipt of report/complaint of a crime
incident and during the crime scene investigation, as well as the procedures to be
observed.
Upon receipt of a report/complaint of a crime incident, the desk officer shall:
A. Record the time of report/complaint was made, the identity of the person who
made the report, place of the incident and synopsis of the incident.
B. Inform his superior officer or the duty officer regarding the report.
THE FOUR (4) MAIN TASKS OF THE FIRST OFFICER ON THE SCENE:
1. To give first aid.
2. To apprehend the suspected offender.
3. To protect and if necessary, collect and preserve evidence; and
4. To cordon off and protect the area.
WHO IS A FIRST RESPONDER?
FIRST RESPONDER
Is a person with specialized training who is among the first to arrive and provide
assistance or incident resolution at the scene of an emergency.
● First Responders typically Law Enforcement officers (commonly known as police
officers), emergency medical services members (such as EMTs or paramedics),
and fire service members (such as firefighters, search and rescue members,
technical/heavy rescue members, etc).
WHAT ARE THE DUTIES OF THE FIRST RESPONDER?
The first step undertaken by the first responder upon arrival at the crime scene is
to assess the scene and ensure the safety of all involved. This includes:
● Making sure the scene is secure and that no one else is in danger. This may
involve blocking off the area with police tape and asking potential witnesses to
stay at a distance.
● Providing first aid to any injured victims.
● Apprehending any suspects, if necessary.
Once the scene is secured, the first responder will begin to gather information.
This may include:
● Interviewing witnesses.
● Taking photographs and videos of the scene.
● Collecting evidence, such as fingerprints, DNA, and weapons.
PROCEDURES IN PERFORMING DUTIES OF FIRST RESPONDER IN:
A. IF IN SERIOUS CONDITION;
1. Bring the victim immediately to the nearest hospital using emergency
services;
2. Photography and make a sketch of the victim (if the victim is dead);
3. Get the dying declaration; if necessary (ask 3 questions)
a.) Ano ang pangalan at address mo?
b.) Kilala mo ba ang gumawa nito sayo?
c.) Sa pakiramdam mo ba ay ikamamatay mo ang tinamo mong sugat?
However, if there is still a chance to ask more questions, then follow-up should be done.
The statement, once reduced into writing, shall be duly signed by or with thumbmark of
the victim.
B. IF NOT IN SERIOUS CONDITION:
1. Bring the victim immediately to the nearest hospital using emergency services;
2. Get the identity of the victim;
3. Get an initial interview from the victim.
C. IF THE SUSPECT IS ARRESTED AT THE CRIME SCENE:
1. Get the names of the persons who turned-over or arrested the suspect;
2. Isolated the arrested suspect/s and separate them from any probable witness of
the incident;
3. Record what time the suspect was arrested;
4. Wait for the investigator to interview the suspect;
5. If the suspect volunteers any statement, take note of the time, location and
circumstances of the statements.
DYING DECLARATION
DYING DECLARATION
The declaration of a dying person, also known as an antemortem statement or a
statement in articulo mortis, made under the consciousness of an impending death, may
be received in any case wherein his death is the subject of inquiry, as evidence of the
cause and surrounding circumstances of such death.
ELEMENTS:
1. Death is imminent and the declarant is conscious of that fact;
2. The declaration refers to the cause and the surrounding circumstances of such
death;
3. the declaration relates to a fact which the victim is competent to testify to; and
4. The declaration is offered in a case wherein the declarant's death is the subject
of the inquiry.
IMPORTANCE
A dying declaration holds significant weight in legal proceedings due to its perceived
reliability; made by an individual facing imminent death without motive for falsehood,
these statements are often admitted as an exception to the hearsay rule in court. They
serve as crucial evidence, offering insights into the circumstances of a crime or incident,
aiding in investigations and prosecutions, and providing potential closure for the
deceased's family and loved ones. However, it's essential to scrutinize such
declarations for factors like the declarant's mental state, possible coercion, and clarity to
ensure their credibility and accuracy.
RES GESTAE
RES GESTAE
● Is an exception to the rule against hearsay rule.
● It is nased on the belief thay because certain statements are made naturally,
spontaneously and without deliberation during the course of an event, thus the
courts believe that such statements carry a high degree o0f credibility.
● Is a Latin phrase means “the thing done”.
A declaration made spontaneously after a startling occurrence is deemed as part
of the res gestae when;
1. The principal act, the res gestae, is a startling occurrence;
2. The statements were made before the declarant had time to contrive or
devise; and
3. The statements concern thye occurrence in question and its immediately
attending circumstances.
IMPORTANCE
Res gestae, which refers to spontaneous statements made by individuals involved in a
crime or event, holds significant importance in legal proceedings. These
statements,made in the heat of the moment and considered more reliable and truthful
than statements made later on. They provide crucial insight into the immediate
circumstances surrounding an incident, offering valuable evidence for understanding the
sequence of events and determining culpability. As such, res gestae plays a vital role in
corroborating other evidence, aiding in the establishment of facts, and ensuring a fair
and just legal process.
REFERENCE
https://www.slideshare.net/AlleliFaithLeyritana/frstrespondersincsi0119ppt
https://www.scribd.com/document/431322022/CSI-Flowchart-doc
https://www.scribd.com/document/498762002/CDI-2-PRELIM
https://www.scribd.com/presentation/452474832/CRIME-SCENE-PROCESSING-pptx
https://armymilitarypolice.tpub.com/MP2004B/Figure-1-8-Cross-Projection-Sketch-21.ht
m
https://slideplayer.com/slide/12306749/
https://www.scribd.com/document/331257338/Dying-Declaration
https://lawphil.net/judjuris/juri2001/nov2001/gr_142654_2001.html
HTTPS://EN.M.WIKIPEDIA.ORG/WIKI/FIRST_RESPONDER#:~:TEXT=FIRST%20RESPONDE
RS%20TYPICALLY%20INCLUDE%20LAW,HEAVY%20RESCUE%20MEMBERS%2C%20ETC
https://www.scribd.com/document/509400402/Duties-of-the-First-Responder
https://elibrary.judiciary.gov.ph/thebookshelf/showdocs/1/50249#:~:text=A%20declaratio
n%20made%20spontaneously%20after,occurrence%20in%20question%20and%20its
FIRST
RESPOND
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