1.

Items in a Series
1. Solar charging kiosks are gaining popularity among entrepreneurs in Rwanda, where a
sunny climate, periodic power outages, and busy executives have increased the demand for
solar energy.

a- No change
b- climate
c- climate:
d- climate;

2. New evidence suggests that children are more likely to confide in their pets than their siblings
when faced with difficult circumstances like grief; illness; or divorce.

a- No change
b- grief illness
c- grief, illness,
d- grief: illness:

3. The perfect soufflé requires high quality ingredients–delicate preparation, and absolute
stillness while cooking.
a- No change
b- ingredients; delicate preparation;
c- ingredients, delicate preparation,
d- ingredients: delicate preparation,

4. There were only three things that Jonathan's toddler would eat: crackers chocolate chips, and
fried green tomatoes.
a- No change
b- crackers:
c- crackers,
d- crackers;

5. Money-wasting practices include cooking too much food throwing out leftovers, and storing
food incorrectly.
a- No change
b- food:
c- food,
d- food;
6. Chi-Ray sampled lemon-infused olive oil, truffle-flavored vinegar, and a tea made from flowers.
a- No change
b- oil
c- oil;
d- oil:
7. Malayan tapirs are solitary: herbivorous, and crepuscular.
a- No change
b- solitary,
c- solitary
d- solitary;

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8. When it comes to personal fitness devices, people either love them worry about their data
collection, or doubt their accuracy.
a- No change
b- them,
c- them;
d- them:

9. In order to compete for employees, companies are offering incentives like free childcare;
opportunities to work from home, and paid parental leave.

a- No change
b- childcare
c- childcare,
d- childcare:
10. Ryan Reynolds has starred in films as diverse as Green Lantern, The Proposal, and Turbo.
a- No change
b- Lantern;
c- Lantern
d- Lantern:
11. The sandpipers were very active: they skittered along the beach pecked at dead bugs, and
avoided sand-trampling tourists.
a- No change
b- beach;
c- beach:
d- beach,

12. Rosemary was known for her witty personality: she peppered her comments with
verbal puns was able to time her retorts to perfection, and could mint a new joke for any
occasion.
a- No change
b- puns;
c- puns–
d- puns,
13. Tennis athletes often eat pasta the night before the match: a Superbar during the match,
and a salad after the match.
a- No change
b- match,
c- match;
d- match–
14. Titan, one of Saturn’s moons, has several Earth-like features, including rainfall, rivers, and
polar winds.
a- No change
b- rainfall
c- rainfall;
d- rainfall:

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15. My job interview preparation regimen involves jotting down bullet points,
organizing ideas: and reciting in front of the mirror.
a- No change
b- ideas;
c- ideas,
d- ideas–
16. Scaling a business requires an ability to leverage resources: mobilize people, and create
leadership.
a- No change
b- resources;
c- resources,
d- resources–

17. Raising kids requires a steady stream of income: a huge investment of time, and a lot of
tender loving care.
a- No change
b- income;
c- income,
d- income–

18. When interviewing for a job, three things you should never do are show up late, talk about
how hard it is to find work, or bad mouth your former employer.

a- No change
b- late
c- late:
d- late;

19. Squirrels–characterized by their cute faces, twitching tails, and energetic foraging practices–
are quite intelligent survivalists. They are known to put on bogus food burying displays to
throw thieving animals off their track.
a- No change
b- faces
c- faces:
d- faces;
20. Playing the piano requires daily practice, a musical ear, and lyrical talent.
a- No change
b- practice;
c- practice:
d- practice–

21. A team of scientists journalists and filmmakers, all with a mission to promote global
conservation, came together to make the documentary Planet Earth.

a- No change
b- scientists; journalists
c- scientists, journalists,
d- scientists; journalists;

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22. Camels are well-known for their capacity to survive long periods of time without water, but
they also tend to be sociable, patient, and incredibly strong.

a- No change
b- sociable: patient,
c- sociable; patient;
d- sociable, patient;

23. Free-range pigs were once used to clean up waste in New York City but were removed due
to complaints from European visitors: pressure from wealthy locals, and false perceptions
about cleanliness.

a- No change
b- visitors,
c- visitors;
d- visitors

24. When the whitewater rafters reached a fork in the river, they had a difficult decision to
make. One direction led to a dangerous rapid, while the other direction was known for sharp
rocks piranhas and water snakes.

a- No change
b- sharp rocks, piranhas,
c- sharp rocks: piranhas
d- sharp rocks; piranhas;

25. Janet and Francisco visited the mountainous hot springs in Japan in order to snow hike, sit
in the springs, and observe the lively snow monkey population.

a- No change
b- hike; sit in the springs
c- hike, sit in the springs
d- hike, sit in the springs;

26. Writer Gertrude Stein spent decades in Paris discussing local habits, traditions
customs and history with painters, musicians, and fellow writers.

a- No change
b- habits–traditions customs
c- habits; traditions; customs;
d- habits, traditions, customs,

27. Musicians are using 3D printing techniques to create replicas of historic mouthpieces for
instruments like saxophones oboes, and flutes.
a- No change
b- saxophones, oboes,
c- saxophones; oboes;
d- saxophones: oboes,

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28. Michael Jennings, owner of Mighty Mike's Hamburgers, refuses to serve teenagers whenever
they talk on their cell phones at the counter, spit on the sidewalk, or stand on the
restaurant tables.
a- No change
b- counter spit on the sidewalk,
c- counter; spit on the sidewalk,
d- counter; spit on the sidewalk;

29. The advantages of a vaccination bandage with dissolving microscopic needles include
reduced pain, lessened need for medical professionals greater accessibility, and less risk
to healthcare workers.
a- No change
b- professionals: greater
c- professionals, greater
d- professionals; greater
30. The crowd gasped as the ballet dancer flew across the stage, cheered as she completed her
sixth consecutive pirouette, and cried as she folded her wings over herself for one last time.
a- No change
b- stage
c- stage:
d- stage;

31. Among the candidates for Daily Show anchor were Amy Poehler, who
quickly declined, Chris Rock, who considered filling in for a limited term; and Trevor Noah,
who accepted the offer.

a- No change
b- declined
c- declined;
d- declined:

32. Jim Henson, the visionary creator of Sesame Street, originally created every puppet
choreographed every scene, and directed the show.

a- No change
b- puppet; choreographed every scene;
c- puppet, choreographed every scene;
d- puppet, choreographed every scene,

33. To make his famous pico de gallo, Domingo bought fat, yellow onions, red, juicy Roma
tomatoes; and an entire bunch of leafy cilantro.

a- No change
b- onions
c- onions:
d- onions;

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34. The world's most highly successful people carefully preserve their restorative habits, such as
getting physical activity making time for hobbies and practicing stillness.

a- No change
b- activity; making time for hobbies;
c- activity: making time for hobbies:
d- activity, making time for hobbies,

35. The "crowdfunding" model, based on the concept of raising capital through the collective
effort of friends, family, customers, and individual investors, has quickly become a global
phenomenon. Three pioneers in this business model are Kickstarter; Indiegogo; and
Pozible.

a- No change
b- Kickstarter Indiegogo
c- Kickstarter–Indiegogo–
d- Kickstarter, Indiegogo,

36. Before 1958, women could not vote in presidential elections in Mexico. Yet, ironically, they
could perform other impactful tasks such as serving as spies arms smugglers and soldiers
during the 1910 revolution.
a- No change
b- spies, arms smugglers,
c- spies, arms smugglers:
d- spies; arms smugglers;
37. Vancouver, which is home to a large Asian immigration population, has interesting
restaurants serving Japanese tapas, Chinese-style king crab, and Korean-flavored side
dishes.
a- No change
b- tapas
c- tapas;
d- tapas:

38. When choosing a new dog as a pet, it's important to select a breed that is conducive to your
lifestyle. More energetic people might enjoy a pointer; Border collie; or Jack Russell
terrier, while laid-back folks might prefer a bulldog or basset hound.

a- No change
b- pointer–Border collie
c- pointer, Border collie,
d- pointer Border collie

39. Even though he is a grown man, Buster's favorite activities include drinking juice boxes,
making forts, and reenacting his favorite movies, such as Star Wars.

a- No change
b- boxes–making forts
c- boxes; making forts;
d- boxes making forts

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40. Feeding infants a healthy diet can be counterintuitive; it is risky to give babies honey citrus,
or peanut butter before they are a year old.

a- No change
b- honey,
c- honey–
d- honey;

41. Taylor Davis, who is best known for her violin covers of music from video games, listens to
the original score; hears a slightly different version in her head, and delivers a magical
recreation.

a- No change
b- score:
c- score–
d- score,

42. Would you rather dust and vacuum; wash, iron, and fold, or mow and rake?
a- No change
b- fold
c- fold;
d- fold:

43. Three percent of people are allergic to bee stings and, if stung, will exhibit redness; hives;
shortness of breath; or feelings of faintness.

a- No change
b- redness, hives, shortness of breath
c- redness, hives, shortness of breath,
d- redness; hives; shortness of breath

44. When Fritz's brother won the presidential election, he cried gleefully; hugged his friends
and family, and treated everyone in the bar to champagne, hors d'oeuvres, and
cake.

a- No change
b- gleefully, hugged his friends and family, and treated everyone in the bar to champagne,
hors d'oeuvres,
c- gleefully; hugged his friends and family; and treated everyone in the bar to champagne,
hors d'oeuvres,
d- gleefully, hugged his friends and family, and treated everyone in the bar to champagne;
hors d'oeuvres;

45. After receiving a petition created by an eight-year-old from London, Scholastic is dropping
gendered marketing tactics, which have included labeling pirate books "for boys" marking
princess books "for girls," and tailoring online book survey questions based on gender.

a- No change
b- ―for boys‖: marking
c- ―for boys;‖ labeling
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 d- ―for boys,‖ labeling
46. My favorite writers are Gabriel Garcia Marquez, who writes books of magical realism, Kurt
Vonnegut, who is sarcastic and witty and Maya Angelou, who incorporates important
social messages into her poems and stories.
a- No change
b- realism; Kurt Vonnegut, who is sarcastic and witty;
c- realism Kurt Vonnegut, who is sarcastic and witty
d- realism: Kurt Vonnegut, who is sarcastic and witty;

47. The collaborations of the poet Mei-Mei Berssenbrugge and her husband, visual artist Richard
Tuttle, create an artistic whole that is minimalist, yet nuanced; abstract, yet concrete: and
technical, yet relatable.
a- No change
b- concrete;
c- concrete,
d- concrete

48. Unusual presidential pets include Polly, Andrew Jackson’s swearing parrot; Mr. Reciprocity
and Mr. Protection, Benjamin Harrison’s opossums; and Josiah; Theodore Roosevelt’s leg-
biting badger.
a- No change
b- Josiah
c- Josiah,
d- Josiah; who was

49. Eating locally grown food supports local farmers, stimulating local economies; ensures the
freshness of fruits and vegetables, aiding in taste and nutrition; and encourages a sense of
community, connecting people in a technology-driven world.
a- No change
b- nutrition: and
c- nutrition, and
d- nutrition and

50. According to Duke neurobiologist Erich Jarvis, male mice can sing complex, short songs;
simple, long songs or combinations of both, all in order to attract a mate.

a- No change
b-
c- songs songs,:
d- songs;
51. The most influential figures at the Global Space Exploration Summit were King Salman,
leader of Saudi Arabia, Angela Merkel, Chancellor of Germany and Charles, Prince of
Wales.

a- No change
b- Arabia; Angela Merkel, Chancellor of Germany;
c- Arabia, Angela Merkel, Chancellor of Germany;
d- Arabia; Angela Merkel, Chancellor of Germany

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52. he reflected on his trip through England, Walt couldn't decide on his favorite historical
landmark: Stonehenge, where the Druids may have practiced, the Tower of
London, where many of England's most notorious criminals were imprisoned or
the Globe Theater, where Shakespeare's plays were originally performed in the 1600s.

a- No change
b- Stonehenge, where the Druids may have practiced the Tower of London, where many of
England's most notorious criminals were imprisoned
c- Stonehenge, where the Druids may have practiced; the Tower of London, where many
of England's most notorious criminals were imprisoned;
d- Stonehenge, where the Druids may have practiced; the Tower of London, where many
of England's most notorious criminals were imprisoned

53. A child's imagination is limitless: in a moment, it can jump from fighting pirates to
evading monsters; cornering robbers; and battling aliens.

a- No change
b- monsters, cornering robbers,
c- monster; cornering robbers
d- monsters, cornering robbers:

54. In order to prepare for professional careers, some college graduates are learning how
to code; an important technical skill; speak foreign languages; and develop an
understanding of how globalization influences the job market.

a- No change
b- code, an important technical skill;
c- code: an important technical skill,
d- code, an important technical skill,

55. There are three concepts which are central to Aristotelian metaphysics: substance, which is a
thing like a tree which exists in itself; accident which is an attribute like "white" and can be
applied to different things; and potency, which is an inherent capacity for change.

a- No change
b- itself, accident,
c- itself; accident,
d- itself: accident,

56. Some of the places I would like to visit someday include a horse ranch in Morongo
Valley, California, a 16th-century seafront castle in Dubrovnik, Croatia, and a
rainforest treehouse in Cooper, Alajuela, Costa Rica.

a- No change
b- California: a 16th-century seafront castle in Dubrovnik, Croatia:
c- California a 16th-century seafront castle in Dubrovnik, Croatia
d- California; a 16th-century seafront castle in Dubrovnik, Croatia;

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57. Among the final candidates for the Miss Universe pageant were Miss Venezuela, who
articulated her world vision in Spanish, Miss Philippines, who discussed her passion for
education; and Miss USA, who shared her experience as a black belt martial artist.
a- No change
b- Spanish
c- Spanish;
d- Spanish:

58. New Zealand has 360 panoramic views: majestic, white mountains to your left, awe-
inspiring, red volcanoes to your right; and cavernous, expansive valleys ahead.
a- No change
b- left:
c- left
d- left;

59. In a recent poll conducted by the British Broadcasting Corporation, pollers selected And Then
There Were None as Agatha Christie's best book. It surpassed The Mousetrap; Murder on
the Orient Express, and Witness for the Prosecution.
a- No change
b- Mousetrap Murder
c- Mousetrap, Murder
d- Mousetrap: Murder:

60. As an aspiring actress with an interest in history, Sue loves period-piece dramas. Her favorite
are The Knick, which offers a graphic portrayal of early-20th century medicine—Mad Men,
which reveals the rising advertising industry in the 1960s–and Downton Abbey,
which shows the reality of WWI-era British aristocratic life.

a- No change
b- medicine, Mad Men, which reveals the rising advertising industry in the 1960s,
c- medicine Mad Men, which reveals the rising advertising industry in the 1960s
d- medicine; Mad Men, which reveals the rising advertising industry in the 1960s;

61. Charlie abandoned all hope of a healthy lunch when he saw the interior of the divine
chocolate factory: a river of dark, sticky caramel, juicy, perfect strawberries bobbing in
chocolate pools; and the islands of fudge in the ice cream lake.
a- No change
b- caramel:
c- caramel
d- caramel;

62. An updated version of the Seven Wonders of the World includes Angkor Wat, located
in Cambodia; Chichen Itza, found on Mexico's Yucatan Peninsula; and Petra, an
ancient city in Jordan.

a- No change
b- Cambodia, Chichen Itza, found on Mexico's Yucatan Peninsula,
c- Cambodia: Chichen Itza, found on Mexico's Yucatan Peninsula:
d- Cambodia–Chichen Itza, found on Mexico's Yucatan Peninsula–

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 2. Sentence Boundaries
1. The United Nations reported a list of the three happiest countries in the world. Which are
Switzerland, Iceland, and Denmark.

a- No Change
b- world: Switzerland,
c- world. Known as Switzerland,
d- world. Such as Switzerland,

2. Whether penguin chicks are guarded by their mother or father.

a- No Change
b- father penguin.
c- father depends on the season.
d- father in the winter.

3. Although there are more than 2000 varieties of cheese in the world. The most widely
consumed is mozzarella.
a- No Change
b- world, the
c- world; the
d- world the

4. Seven of the ten largest container ports in the world are in China: the other three are in
Singapore, South Korea, and Dubai.

a- No Change
b- China the other three
c- China, the other three
d- China. The other three

5. While they are fierce rivals when playing on opposite sides of the net Serena and Venus
Williams together have won 13 Grand Slam titles in doubles tennis.

a- No Change
b- net, Serena
c- net. Serena
d- net; Serena

6. Crows and ravens are both large, black birds, they can be distinguished by the difference in
their voices. The American Crow makes a "caw, caw, caw" sound, whereas the Common
Raven articulates deep, croaking vocals.
a- No Change
b- birds. Distinguished
c- birds they can be distinguished by
d- birds. They can be distinguished by

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7. In order to retrieve and study the bones of the early hominids. The paleoanthropologist hired
a team of women who were thin enough to fit through the cave's extremely narrow chute.
a- No Change
b- hominids; the
c- hominids, the
d- hominids the

8. Hindus routinely bathe in India's sacred Ganges river. Also home to the Ganges shark.

a- No Change
b- river, also
c- river; also
d- river and this river is also

9. The dean of the Art Institute of Chicago denied admission to Kyle because he couldn't name the
three primary colors. Blue, red, and yellow.
a- No Change
b- colors, blue,
c- colors: which are blue,
d- colors: blue,

10. A supermoon is so named because it appears larger and brighter than usual. It happens at
the closest point to Earth on the moon's orbit. Also known as the perigee.
a- No Change
b- orbit also
c- orbit; also
d- orbit, also

11. The Credible Hulk was much more reasonable than the Incredible Hulk. Supporting his
arguments with data before engaging in smashing.

a- No Change
b- Hulk supporting
c- Hulk; supporting
d- Hulk, supporting

12. Although Indonesia claims to have the most islands of any nation. Finland, with 180,000
islands, actually has more.

a- No Change
b- nation; Finland,
c- nation: Finland,
d- nation, Finland,

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13. Violet might have won the competition to be Willy Wonka's successor: had she not eaten
the inflatable gum and turned into a giant blueberry.

a- No Change
b- successor; had
c- successor. Had
d- successor, had

14. While time capsules are a popular method of preserving items for the future. They're not
always successful.

a- No Change
b- future, they're
c- future; they're
d- future they're

15. Ironically, John Marin's 1822 painting, "Destruction of Pompeii and Herculaneum." Was
itself destroyed in a 1928 London flood.

a- No Change
b- Herculaneum" in a 1928 London flood.
c- Herculaneum" which was destroyed in a London flood.
d- Herculaneum," was itself destroyed in a 1928 London flood.

16. The geologist, the printmaker, and the scissor manufacturer played a game of rock,
paper, scissors. Each displaying a preference that complemented their occupation.

a- No Change
b- scissors; each
c- scissors, each
d- scissors: each

17. Before cleaning her turtle's tank. Sophie always tied a helium balloon around the animal, so
that he would be easier to find.

a- No Change
b- tank Sophie
c- tank, Sophie
d- tank; Sophie

18. During what would otherwise have been a boring presentation on safety Tyrone added a
few jokes to the script that kept the students in stitches.
a- No Change
b- safety;
c- safety.
d- safety,

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19. Although Samuel Clemens was a prolific journalist while using his given name, he became
one of the most famous fiction writers of all-time while using his pen name, Mark Twain.

a- No Change
b- name; he
c- name he
d- name. He

20. Readers may think that Carolyn Keene was a prolific and long-lived writer.
Publishing more than 150 Nancy Drew Mystery Stories between 1930 and 2003. Actually,
―Carolyn Keene‖ was the pen name for more than a dozen authors!

a- No Change
b- writer, she published
c- writer, publishing
d- writer she published

21. The old adage that sarcasm is the lowest form of wit might not be true, according to a 2015
study by Huang, Gino, and Galinsky the study claims that people who make sarcastic
comments while attempting a difficult task are more likely to be creative in their problem-
solving.
a- No Change
b- Galinsky, the
c- Galinsky; and the
d- Galinsky. The

22. Dan Price, the CEO of Gravity Payments, made history by slashing his own salary to provide
a minimum wage of $70,000 for all the employees of his company.

a- No Change
b- salary. To
c- salary; to
d- salary: to

23. After 550 people volunteered at King's Circle Station in Mumbai. The station grew cleaner,
safer, and even more beautiful.

a- No Change
b- Mumbai: the
c- Mumbai; the
d- Mumbai, the

24. The new carbon nanotubes are so light, they float in the air. Once implemented in
artificial muscle. However, they can generate an incredible amount of force.

a- No Change
b- muscle, however, they
c- muscle; however, they
d- muscle however. They

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25. An art installation in Dublin, Ohio, features 109 concrete ears of corn, though the piece is
actually called "Field of Corn with Osage Oranges," the locals have dubbed it "Cornhenge."

a- No Change
b- corn. Though
c- corn though
d- corn: though

26. Tech titan Steve Jobs loved raw carrots and reportedly ate several per day. Turning his skin
an orange hue.

a- No Change
b- day, turning
c- day, this turned
d- day; turning

27. The Sasquatch, also known as Bigfoot, is rumored to be living; in the forests of the
American Pacific Northwest.

a- No Change
b- living: in
c- living in
d- living, and he is living in

28. Although urban gardening has become very popular. City gardeners need to be careful to
protect their crops from soil contaminants.

a- No Change
b- popular; city
c- popular, city
d- popular city

29. Artist-biologist Joseph Tomelleri is painstaking in his drawings of fish. Detailing minutiae
like the exact number of scales and tiny variations in color.

a- No Change
b- fish; detailing
c- fish, detailing
d- fish detailing

30. Carrie peered at the photo, trying to make out the wheat field the picture was too grainy.

a- No Change
b- field. The picture was
c- field the picture. Was
d- field, the picture

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31. The differences in Neanderthal and modern human faces are partially due to the way bone
deposits formed, though Neanderthals accrued bone deposits through adolescence,
humans experience bone resorption during childhood, leading to a flatter facial structure.

a- No Change
b- formed. Though
c- formed though
d- DELETE the underlined portion

32. Olympus Mons, a volcano on Mars, is the largest mountain in the solar system.

a- No Change
b- Mars; is
c- Mars is
d- Mars. Is

33. The Microbead-Free Waters Act aims to eliminate tiny plastic beads from soaps and other
beauty products microbeads pollute the water and cause internal abrasions in fish.

a- No Change
b- products, microbeads
c- products microbeads,
d- products. Microbeads

34. King Frederick the Great of Prussia once gifted the moon to a farmer, Aul Jurgens, who had
helped him recover from gout descendants of the Jurgens family still claim ownership of
the moon.

a- No Change
b- gout, descendants
c- gout. Descendants
d- gout and descendants

35. Olena Kalytiak Davis, who works as a lawyer and poet in Anchorage, Alaska.

a- No Change
b- a lawyer and poet in Anchorage, Alaska.
c- a lawyer in Anchorage, Alaska, also writes poetry.
d- an Anchorage, Alaska lawyer and poet.

36. Jill Salloway, the creator of Transparent, likens directing to playing with dolls.

a- No Change
b- Transparent. Likens
c- Transparent likens
d- Transparent; likens

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37. In standard and business communication, it is always important to use
appropriate punctuation. However, according to Celia Klin of Binghamton University,
using a period at the end of a text message can lead the recipient to doubt the message's
sincerity.

a- No Change
b- punctuation, however, according
c- punctuation however, according
d- punctuation however according

38. Because teacher pay is so low. Some school districts are trying to attract new staff with
affordable housing.

a- No Change
b- low, some school
c- low some school
d- low; some school

39. Bruce Mau's "111 Navy" chair, designed for Coca-Cola, reuses 111 plastic soda bottles,
Mau's designs are often socially, ethically, and environmentally responsible.

a- No Change
b- bottles Mau's designs
c- bottles Mau's designs,
d- bottles. Mau's designs

40. The "Gravity Potato" map was designed by the German Research Center for Geosciences it
shows variations in Earth's gravitational pull.

a- No Change
b- Geosciences, it shows
c- Geosciences. Shows
d- Geosciences. It shows

41. Concerned about employees stopping work to check their email. Some companies are
banning the technology.

a- No Change
b- email; some
c- email, some
d- email: some

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42. Although high school football is now under scrutiny for the number of traumatic head injuries
it causes, some parents may be surprised by recent findings. As a percentage of youth
sports injuries, statistics suggest that cheerleading results in more concussions than
football.

a- No Change
b- findings, as a percentage of youth sports injuries, statistics
c- findings as a percentage of youth sports injuries statistics
d- findings. As a percentage of youth sports injuries. Statistics

43. In a recent issue of Rolling Stone magazine, Jimi Hendrix topped the list of the best guitarists
in rock history, perhaps due to his incredibly fast and complex guitar solos.

a- No Change
b- history. Perhaps
c- history; perhaps
d- history and this was perhaps

44. "Free-range" parenting, which functions on the assumption that children should be able to
explore their environment without constant parental supervision, is gaining popularity and
the movement has even created playgrounds where kids can set fires and play in salvage
heaps.
a- No Change
b- popularity. The
c- popularity, the
d- popularity: and the

45. Hedy Lamarr invented a way to bypass radio frequencies to sneak messages past the Nazis
in World War II she was also a famous Hollywood actress.

a- No Change
b- World War II, she
c- World War II but she
d- World War II. She
46. The poet Pablo Neruda was known as a powerful, sensory-driven poet, but he also had a
lighter side. One of his most famous odes is written in celebration of socks.

a- No Change
b- side one
c- side, one
d- side and one

47. Despite their gentle and amiable personalities, Dachshunds were bred to be hunters,
their shape allowed them to scurry down burrows after small animals.

a- No Change
b- hunters. Their
c- hunters: their
d- hunters, and in addition, their

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48. Totem poles are carvings that feature various symbols or figures, they can serve as a
family crest, a grave marker, or even as a "shame pole" for public ridicule.

a- No Change
b- figures. They
c- figures, and also, they
d- figures, and in addition they

49. Visitors to Iceland have the option of staying in an ice hotel. Where lavish rooms are
carved from solid blocks of ice.

a- No Change
b- hotel; where
c- hotel, where
d- hotel, and in this hotel are

50. The Tour de France bicycle race would have already celebrated its 100th anniversary.
If not for its cessation during the two World Wars.

a- No Change
b- anniversary if
c- anniversary; if
d- anniversary: if

51. Medieval scribes often created readable works of art—fully-illustrated

illuminated manuscripts, the work was time-consuming, however, with experienced
scribes producing five or six words a minute.

a- No Change
b- manuscripts. The work was time consuming, however,
c- manuscripts the work was time consuming, however,
d- manuscripts; the work was time consuming. However

52. The most important architect to emerge from the urbane and innovative "Chicago School"
was Louis Sullivan. Who enjoyed creating "democratic" structures that enhanced
the actions of the people using them. He completed his first skyscraper, the Wainwright
Building, in St. Louis, Missouri in 1891.

a- No Change
b- Sullivan, who enjoyed creating "democratic" structures that enhanced the actions of the
people using them. He
c- Sullivan who enjoyed creating "democratic" structures that enhanced the actions of the
people using them, he
d- Sullivan, he enjoyed creating "democratic" structures that enhanced the actions of the
people using them. He

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53. Elisha Graves Otis—founder of The Elevator Company—invented the safety lever
for elevators. By combining a steel spring with a ratchet to break the elevator's fall.

a- No Change
b- elevators by combining a steel spring
c- elevators; by combining a steel spring
d- elevators by combining a steel spring;

54. When 20th Century Fox green-lit the first Star Wars film, it had a much more
cumbersome title. Adventures of Luke Starkiller, as taken from the Journal of the Whills,
Saga 1: The Star Wars.

a- No Change
b- title: Adventures
c- title; Adventures
d- title Adventures

55. What eCommerce did for auction, estate, and garage sale aficionados, Craftsy has done for
artisans and craftspeople around the world, they can open an online store
presenting their handmade, unique goods to a global marketplace.
a- No Change
b- world. They can open an online store presenting
c- world: they can open an online store. Presenting
d- world: they can open an online store, artists can present

56. The legend and the letters of Ben Franklin suggest there was debate about the bird that
should be chosen to symbolize the United States, although the American Bald Eagle
won the spot the Wild Turkey came in a close second.
a- No Change
b- United States although the American Bald Eagle won the spot
c- United States. Although the American Bald Eagle won the spot,
d- United States, although the American Bald Eagle won the spot:

57. With laptops, smartphones, and tablets now commonplace, the new Smart Watch
raises the question: "How many personal computers does one person need?"
a- No Change
b- commonplace. The Smart Watch raises the question,
c- commonplace; the Apple Watch raises the question:
d- commonplace; the Smart Watch raises the question,

58. Marvel's newest superheroes are more diverse than their previous versions. In this
generation, several characters have seen major changes: Thor is a woman, Hulk is Korean
American, and Captain America is African American the ever-popular Spider-Man is
African American and Latino.
a- No Change
b- American. The
c- American: the
d- American, the

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59. Malaria diagnosis, which is done through a process called microscopy, currently takes about
an hour to complete and relies on medical workers to spot parasites in the blood, a new
device uses magnets to detect the presence of hemozoin, waste produced by the parasites,
in the bloodstream, making the process faster and easier.

a- No Change
b- blood. A
c- blood a
d- blood: a
60. A primary tenet of American architect Frank Lloyd Wright's style was "organic design."
Which explores ways to adapt a building to its physical surroundings.

a- No Change
b- style: was "organic design" which
c- style was "organic design" which
d- style was "organic design," which

61. Augusta Savage, a Harlem Renaissance sculptor and former student of Charles Despiau.
Created the most popular exhibit at the 1939 New York World's Fair: a striking statue
entitled "The Harp." The statue depicted twelve African singers as the strings, the hand of
God as the sounding board, and a kneeling man holding music as the foot pedal.

a- No Change
b- Despiau created
c- Despiau, created
d- Despiau; created

62. Habitat for Humanity has teamed up with artists in Detroit to transform underutilized
buildings into art in one such project, artist Mark Dean Veca created a piece called "Pony
Show," a stunning mural glorifying the 1970s auto industry, on the surface of an abandoned
auto repair shop.

a- No Change
b- art, in one such project, artist
c- art. In one such project, artist
d- art, in one such project artist

63. Lupita Nyong'o had already won an Academy Award for her role in Twelve Years a
Slave when she landed the lead in Eclipsed, an off-Broadway play. Successfully launching
her stage career.

a- no change
b- play successfully
c- play; successfully
d- play, successfully

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 3. Nonrestrictive and Parenthetical
Elements
1. Texas Tech says that cooperative gameplay—a video game feature that allows players to work
together as a team—leads to increased empathy in the real world.

a- No Change
b- team,
c- team
d- team)

2. The leaf insect, easily mistaken for a real leaf, maintains a constant wobble as part of its illusion.

a- No Change
b- leaf
c- leaf—
d- leaf;

3. Some research suggests that Tyrannosaurus rex, although often ridiculed for its
diminutive arms—may have been able to lift a full 450 pounds with each appendage.

a- No Change
b- arms,
c- arms;
d- arms

4. Rania, who hadn’t noticed the missing strawberry pie couldn’t figure out why her poodle
was sick.
a- No Change
b- Rania, who hadn’t noticed the missing strawberry pie,
c- Rania–who hadn’t noticed the missing strawberry pie,
d- Rania who hadn’t noticed the missing strawberry pie,

5. Mickey Mouse, the familiar Disney animated character, spoke his first words over eighty-five
years ago.

a- No Change
b- character
c- character—
d- character;

6. Giant Chinese salamanders (which can grow up to six feet in length—are known for their "crying
baby" vocalizations.
a- No Change
b- length
c- length,
d- length)

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7. Vertigo in addition to being a disorienting medical condition, is the title of a famous Hitchcock
film.

a- No Change
b- Vertigo–
c- Vertigo,
d- Vertigo:

8. Hawaii, which joined the U.S. in 1959, is the only American state that was once a kingdom.

a- No Change
b- Hawaii which joined the U.S. in 1959
c- Hawaii (which joined the U.S. in 1959,
d- Hawaii, which joined the U.S. in 1959

9. Like fingerprints tongue prints are unique to every person.

a- No Change
b- fingerprints, tongue prints,
c- fingerprints, tongue prints
d- fingerprints, tongue prints–

10. Located in Richmond, California the Rosie the Riveter WWII Home Front is a national
historical park dedicated to telling the stories of U.S. civilians' efforts to aid the war.

a- No Change
b- Located, in Richmond, California
c- Located in Richmond, California,
d- Located in Richmond, California;

11. Gouldian finch chicks (with blue phosphorescent beads on their mouth edges –are easy to feed
in the dark.

a- No Change
b- edges
c- edges)
d- edges,

12. The Great Boston Molasses Flood of 1919, which moved faster than one would
expect, killed 21 people and injured 150.

a- No Change
b- 1919, which moved faster than one would expect–
c- 1919 which moved faster than one would expect
d- 1919 which moved faster than one would expect,

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13. Their father—who planted a tree every time his wife gave birth ended up with a forest.

a- No Change
b- birth—
c- birth,
d- birth)

14. Dale Havens, Morgantown's police commissioner is retiring after 35 years of serving the
city.

a- Havens Morgantown's police commissioner,

b- Havens Morgantown's police commissioner
c- Havens, Morgantown's police commissioner—
d- Havens, Morgantown's police commissioner,

15. Chef Dominique Ansel created the "cronut," a cross between a croissant and a donut in New
York in 2013.

a- No Change
b- donut,
c- donut—
d- donut;

16. The scary-looking robots, which were designed by the Defense Department— are essentially
puppets.

a- No Change
b- Department)
c- Department
d- Department,

17. The cyanometer, which was once used to measure the blueness of the sky) is now obsolete.

a- No Change
b- cyanometer—which
c- cyanometer (which
d- cyanometer which

18. Joseph looked on, appalled, while his daughters smothered ketchup all over their ice cream
sandwiches.

a- No Change
b- on appalled,
c- on; appalled,
d- on appalled

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19. Much to my chagrin, scientific studies, have failed to prove the health benefits of chocolate
ice cream.

a- No Change
b- chagrin scientific studies,
c- chagrin, scientific studies
d- chagrin (scientific studies,

20. Hong Kong, a former British colony was returned to China after 100 years.

a- No Change
b- Kong, a former British colony,
c- Kong a former British colony
d- Kong–once a British colony,

21. Established in 1636, Harvard University did not award degrees to women until 1963.

a- No Change
b- 1636, Harvard University,
c- 1636 Harvard University
d- 1636, Harvard University–

22. Originally servants of the court, minstrels were wildly popular medieval
performers, whose songs told stories of distant locations or historical events.

a- No Change
b- court, minstrels were wildly popular medieval performers
c- court, minstrels, were wildly popular medieval performers
d- court—minstrels were wildly popular medieval performers,

23. The Falkland Islands, a British territory in South America is home to approximately 3,000
people and half a million sheep.

a- No Change
b- Islands, a British territory in South America–
c- Islands, a British territory in South America,
d- Islands–a British territory in South America,

24. Mozart’s Requiem Mass one of the most myth-laden compositions in history, was
actually completed after his death by composer Franz Xaver Süssmayr.

a- No Change
b- Mass one of the most myth-laden compositions in history
c- Mass one of the most myth-laden compositions in history; it
d- Mass, one of the most myth-laden compositions in history,

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25. Hippos can charge at almost 20 miles per hour and (as if that were not intimidating
enough) they sweat red liquid.

a- No Change
b- and–as if that were not intimidating enough,
c- and, as if that were not intimidating enough
d- and as if that were not intimidating enough

26. Carrara marble—which has been quarried for over two thousand years, has had many famous
applications, including the Pantheon and Michelangelo's David.

a- No Change
b- years
c- years—
d- years)

27. The investment banker was surprised to find that his high school marching band
picture (complete with the terrible haircut he had sported at the time was now
circulating as a popular meme.

a- No Change
b- comple te with the terrible haircut he had sported at the time,
c- —complete with the terrible haircut he had sported at the time—
d- complete with the terrible haircut he had sported at the time—

28. Teenagers, who recently had difficulty on the job search) are finding it easier to gain
employment this summer.

a- No Change
b- search
c- search—
d- search,

29. I hate it when my printer is working fine and then, without warning, just stops cooperating!

a- No Change
b- then without warning,
c- then, without warning
d- then without warning

30. As a matter of fact my brother is a very talented actor who has won several prestigious
drama awards; if he is diligent, he may have the opportunity to pursue a professional career in
this field.

a- No Change
b- fact, my brother is a very talented actor;
c- fact, my brother is a very talented actor
d- fact my brother is a very talented actor,

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31. The Austrian sport of "finger-pulling," in which opponents pull each other across a table using
only their fingers has very strict rules.

a- No Change
b- fingers,
c- fingers–
d- fingers)

32. In Russian religious art before 1600 AD, painters used panels—large wooden or metal
surfaces—to paint icons and other religious imagery before canvasses became available. Panel
paintings were often used to decorate church altars.

a- No Change
b- panels—large wooden or metal surfaces,
c- panels—large wooden—or metal surfaces
d- panels large wooden or metal surfaces

33. Raistlin, once a white mage, joined the black mage guild after he felt betrayed by his twin
brother, Cameron.

a- No Change
b- Raistlin, once a white mage
c- Raistlin once a white mage
d- Raistlin–once a white mage,

34. Sub-Saharan Africa, a region that comprises most of the continent is larger than India,
China, and the United States combined.

a- No Change
b- Africa, a region that comprises most of the continent is larger,
c- Africa, a region that comprises most of the continent, is larger
d- Africa a region that comprises most of the continent, is larger

35. A banana besides serving as an energy source, reduces lactic acid buildup in an athlete's legs.

a- No Change
b- banana–besides
c- banana, besides–
d- banana, besides

36. Trains, planes, and automobiles—especially the latter are the subject of Gary Stiller's new
book, Our Lives in Transit.

a- No Change
b- automobiles—especially the latter,
c- automobiles especially the latter,
d- automobiles—especially the latter—

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37. Established by a ruler of the Roman Republic, the dole began as the state-subsidized
sale of grain at half price to any person willing to wait in line for it.

a- No Change
b- Established by a ruler of the Roman Republic, the dole,
c- Established by a ruler of the Roman Republic the dole
d- Established by a ruler of the Roman Republic, the dole–

38. According to National Public Radio drinking a glass of red wine a day is healthy for the
heart.

a- No Change
b- Radio, drinking a glass of red wine a day
c- Radio, drinking a glass of red wine a day,
d- Radio drinking a glass of red wine a day,

39. The game of Snaps, in which players allegedly communicate with each other telepathically
baffles those who do not understand the game.

a- No Change
b- telepathically,
c- telepathically–
d- telepathically)

40. Cantonese, a dialect spoken by the people of Hong Kong, is becoming less prevalent
than Mandarin, the primary language in mainland China.

a- No Change
b- Cantonese, a dialect spoken by the people of Hong Kong
c- Cantonese–a dialect spoken by the people of Hong Kong,
d- Cantonese (a dialect spoken by the people of Hong Kong,

41. Because I'm fascinated by brilliant plays about hypothetical conversations between Nobel prize-
winning scientists I am going to participate in the school play, Michael
Frayne's Copenhagen.

a- No Change
b- scientists, I am going to participate in the school play,
c- scientists, I am going to participate in the school play
d- scientists I am going to participate in the school play

42. France, and its multiple territories, have a population of approximately 68 million.

a- No Change
b- France–and its multiple territories–
c- France, and its multiple territories–
d- France and its multiple territories

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43. Scientists can convert biting female mosquitoes into harmless males by injecting Nix a male-
determining genetic factor, into mosquito embryos.

a- No Change
b- Nix, a
c- Nix (a
d- Nix—a

44. Cold process soapmaking, which requires safety equipment, allows non-professionals to
create high quality homemade soap—for those who are ambitious enough to give it a shot.

a- No Change
b- soapmaking—which requires safety equipment
c- soapmaking which requires safety equipment—
d- soapmaking, which requires safety equipment—

45. The Romani people, an historically nomadic population have a rich and immensely varied
musical culture that has been influenced by many different traditions.

a- No Change
b- people an historically nomadic population,
c- people, an historically nomadic population—
d- people, an historically nomadic population,

46. Although interpretations of its meaning differ, Guernica, Picasso's famous wartime
painting, is both a great work of art and a powerful political statement.

a- No Change
b- Guernica Picasso's famous wartime painting
c- Guernica, Picasso's famous wartime painting
d- Guernica, Picasso's famous wartime painting–

47. An epic source of pilgrimage, the 500-mile Camino de Santiago in Spain attracts
thousands of people every year.

a- No Change
b- pilgrimage, the 500-mile, Camino de Santiago
c- pilgrimage, the 500-mile Camino de Santiago,
d- pilgrimage–the 500-mile Camino de Santiago–

48. The Cheshire Cat–the one that could disappear into thin air–enjoyed telling mind-bending
riddles.
a- No Change
b- Cat, the one that could disappear into thin air–
c- Cat–the one that could disappear into thin air
d- Cat the one that could disappear into thin air,

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49. Pablo Picasso’s painting ―Les femmes d’Algers” a cubist work created in 1955 sold at
auction for a record-breaking $179 million.
a- No Change
b- d’Algers,‖ a cubist work created in 1955
c- d’Algers,‖ a cubist work created in 1955,
d- d’Algers‖; a cubist work created in 1955,

50. The French word for turkey "dinde" technically means "from India."
a- No Change
b- turkey, "dinde"
c- turkey ("dinde")
d- turkey "dinde,"

51. According to the American Academy of Pediatrics crawling is essential to bilateral

coordination. Children who skip this infant milestone can struggle with actions like getting
dressed and self-feeding.
a- No Change
b- Pediatrics, crawling is essential
c- Pediatrics, crawling is essential,
d- Pediatrics crawling is essential,

52. Baltimore, and its surrounding areas, have a population of about 2.7 million.

a- No Change
b- Baltimore–and its surrounding areas,
c- Baltimore, and its surrounding areas–
d- Baltimore and its surrounding areas

53. During World War II, the National Advisory Committee for Aeronautics was described as
"The Force Behind Our Air Supremacy" due to its crucial role in producing working superchargers
for high altitude bombers.

a- No Change
b- II, the National Advisory Committee for Aeronautics,
c- II the National Advisory Committee for Aeronautics
d- II, the National Advisory Committee for Aeronautics–

54. According to the American Bar Association clinical experience is crucial to a law student's
development during law school.

a- No Change
b- Association, clinical experience is crucial
c- Association, clinical experience is crucial,
d- Association clinical experience is crucial,

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55. Jerry, who noticed that the set of documents was missing, a quarterly report, quickly
contacted the bankruptcy trustee to retrieve that crucial document.

a- No Change
b- who noticed that the set of documents was missing a quarterly report,
c- who noticed that the set of documents was missing–a quarterly report–
d- who noticed that the set of documents was missing a quarterly report–

56. A 2,000-year-old Roman face cream composed of animal fat, starch, and tin oxide, was
discovered in 2003. The remarkably well-preserved cream, currently displayed by the
Museum of London, still bears its owner's finger marks.

a- No Change
b- cream currently displayed by the Museum of London
c- cream, currently displayed by the Museum of London
d- cream–currently displayed by the Museum of London,

57. According to experiments conducted by Kyoto University's Kazuo Fujita, a professor of

comparative cognition, dogs are less likely to take food from people who have been unkind to
their pets in the past.
a- No Change
b- Fujita, a professor of comparative cognition–
c- Fujita a professor of comparative cognition
d- Fujita, a professor of comparative cognition

58. Spellbound the audience, listened attentively as Eliza Patterson presented her lecture on
the future of robotics.

a- No Change
b- Spellbound; the audience listened
c- Spellbound the audience listened,
d- Spellbound, the audience listened

59. Some of the most prominent music artists of the 1960s—Aretha Franklin, Smokey
Robinson, Michael Jackson, and Stevie Wonder, all got their start in the Midwestern United
States as part of the Motown movement.
a- No Change
b- 1960s—Aretha Franklin, Smokey Robinson, Michael Jackson, and Stevie Wonder—
c- 1960s; Aretha Franklin, Smokey Robinson, Michael Jackson, and Stevie Wonder,
d- 1960s Aretha Franklin, Smokey Robinson, Michael Jackson, and Stevie Wonder,

60. Nordic paintings, especially at the end of the 19th century, depicted landscapes and
scenes of daily life in Northern Europe.

a- No Change
b- paintings, especially at the end of the 19th century
c- paintings—especially at the end of the 19th century
d- paintings—especially at the end of the 19th century,

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 4. Within-sentence Punctuation
1. Chinese cuisine is more of a science than an art, it requires experimentation, trial-and-error,
and years of experience.

a- No Change
b- art: it requires,
c- art; it requires
d- art it requires

2. Pablo Picasso's prolific career included a Blue Period, a Rose Period, and a Crystal
Period, as well as the development of Cubism; he worked across genres to
create sculptures, paintings, ceramics, and prints.

a- No Change
b- included a Blue Period a Rose Period and a Crystal Period as well as the development of
Cubism; he worked across genres to create
c- included a Blue Period, a Rose Period, and a Crystal Period; as well as the development of
Cubism; he worked across genres to create
d- included a Blue Period; a Rose Period; and a Crystal Period; as well as the development of
Cubism; he worked across genres to create

3. Even though its crocodilian jaws are fragile and incapable of eating a large animal, the Gharial
still evokes a powerful emotion, terror.

a- No Change
b- emotion
c- emotion–
d- emotion;

4. Despite its glamorous plumage, the peacock is scorned for one distinct feature: it's screechy
mating call.
a- No Change
b- feature; its
c- feature its
d- feature: its
(Choice A, Checked, Incorrect)A
5. The archetype of the hero is often taught in literature classes through three key works; The
Odyssey Beowulf and The Divine Comedy

a- No Change
b- works: The Odyssey, Beowulf, and The Divine Comedy.
c- works The Odyssey, Beowulf, and The Divine Comedy.
d- works; The Odyssey, Beowulf, and The Divine Comedy.
6. Joanna possessed the star qualities of a tennis champion; resilience, strength, and humility.
a- No Change
b- champion:
c- champion,
d- champion

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7. The thieves stole some of Beauval Zoo’s most valued members—seven golden lion tamarins
and ten silvery marmosets.

a- No Change
b- members; seven
c- members, seven
d- members seven

8. A recent study revealed a dramatic shift in human life expectancy between 1800
and 1935,women had begun to outlive men by almost ten years.

a- No Change
b- 1935;
c- 1935
d- 1935, by then

9. The rise of educational video games is changing the way teachers think about the following
aspects of education, interactivity, self-direction, and personalization.

a- No Change
b- education;
c- education:
d- education

10. Group projects are crucial for success beyond the classroom; collaborating well in
teams proves essential in the workplace.

a- No Change
b- crucial for success, beyond the classroom, collaborating well in teams
c- crucial—for success beyond the classroom—collaborating well in teams
d- crucial, for success beyond the classroom; collaborating well in teams,

11. On their "Strange American Foods Tour," Ida and Jeff discovered three of the country's oddest
(and most delicious) desserts: deep fried Coke, bacon doughnuts, and cherpumple—three
pies inside a cake.

a- No Change
b- desserts,
c- desserts;
d- desserts
12. I prefer tea over coffee for the following reasons; a more aromatic flavor, a milder after taste,
and a greater health benefit.

a- No Change
b- reasons
c- reasons,
d- reasons:

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13. Kudzu is an invasive plant species in the American South, that climbs shrubs and trees and kills
by heavy shading.

a- No Change
b- South;
c- South
d- South—

14. Leonardo Da Vinci was known for practicing an extreme form of polyphasic sleep; and he only
slept in twenty-minute bursts every four hours.

a- No Change
b- sleep,
c- sleep and
d- sleep:

15. Your facial bone structure influences how people perceive you; and individuals with broader
faces are viewed as more trustworthy than those with narrow faces.

a- No Change
b- you and
c- you,
d- you:

16. With only one wish, Gwen gazed into the orb she wanted to see into her future.

a- No Change
b- orb: she,
c- orb; she
d- orb, she,

17. Drinking water is scarce in desert areas like Las Vegas, it needs to be shipped from water-rich
states.

a- No Change
b- Vegas
c- Vegas:
d- Vegas;
18. As a monk, Tenzen had one mission in life, he wanted to relieve people's suffering.

a- No Change
b- life:
c- life;
d- life, he wanted–

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19. For individuals with less melanin in their skin, over-exposure to the sun can cause three things,
freckles, wrinkles, and melanoma.

a- No Change
b- things;
c- things:
d- things

20. Readers of Henry David Thoreau’s Transcendentalist work Walden, often remember the
setting, vividly: the small, weather-tight cottage; thick, lush woods; and small, pristine
pond.

a- No Change
b- work, Walden, often remember the setting vividly;
c- work, Walden often remember the setting vividly,
d- work, Walden, often remember the setting vividly:

21. The significance of turquoise is a recurring theme in Native American folklore; according to
one Hopi legend, this stone has the power to restrain floods.

a- No Change
b- folklore,
c- folklore: and
d- folklore; and

22. Her breakout novel The House on Mango Street, launched Sandra Cisneros to
international literary acclaim; but prior to its publication, she had already published
two books of poetry.

a- No Change
b- The House on Mango Street launched Sandra Cisneros to international literary acclaim;
however, prior to its publication,
c- The House on Mango Street launched Sandra Cisneros to international literary acclaim, but
prior to its publication;
d- The House on Mango Street launched Sandra Cisneros to international literary acclaim, but
prior to its publication:

23. Palindromes are words or phrases that are spelled the same backwards and forwards,
examples include ―racecar‖ and ―Doc, note. I dissent. A fast never prevents a fatness. I diet
on cod.‖

a- No Change
b- forwards, examples:
c- forwards; examples
d- forwards, examples;

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24. First-generation college students are banding together to create on-campus communities;
because they find the support system very helpful.
a- No Change
b- communities: because
c- communities;
d- communities,

25. The natural phenomenon known as the "Northern Lights" occurs when gaseous particles collide
at the Earth's north and south magnetic poles: low-altitude oxygen creates a pale
yellow and green color, high-altitude oxygen results in a red hue, and nitrogen produces
blue or purplish-red lights.

a- No Change
b- low-altitude, oxygen creates a pale yellow and green color;
c- low-altitude: oxygen creates a pale yellow and green color;
d- low-altitude; oxygen creates a pale yellow and green color;

26. The gatekeeper of the castle allows elves to enter: but excludes humans.

a- No Change
b- enter; however, he
c- enter: however, he
d- enter; but

27. Although their subject matter varied widely, writers James Frey, Jayson Blair, and Greg
Mortenson, share one thing in common; they disgraced themselves and damaged
their careers,by fabricating stories they tried to pass off as true.

a- No Change
b- writers, James Frey, Jayson Blair, and Greg Mortenson, share one thing in common, they
disgraced themselves and damaged their careers
c- writers James Frey, Jayson Blair, and Greg Mortenson share one thing in common: they
disgraced themselves and damaged their careers
d- writers James Frey, Jayson Blair, and Greg Mortenson share one thing in common: they
disgraced themselves and damaged their careers:

28. The nutritional content of this sports drink is better than that of Caimanade, it contains
electrolytes that reduce lactic acid.

a- No Change
b- Caimanade; it contains
c- Caimanade it contains
d- Caimanade; it contains,

29. When it comes to the beauty of Venice, Italy, the philosopher Friedrich Nietzsche may have said
it best: "When I seek another word for 'music,' I never find any other word than Venice."
a- No Change
b- best,
c- best;
d- best
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30. Due to his crippling claustrophobia, Franklin failed the clown car routine of his entrance exam:
however he was still accepted into Clown College.

a- No Change
b- exam; however,
c- exam, however,
d- exam, however:

31. This year's Shark Week on the Discovery Channel features the rarely-seen sharks of the Cuban
coral reefs; footage includes in-water and on-water activities with sharks.
a- No Change
b- reefs:
c- reefs; and
d- reefs,

32. Though it made many historical gains in space exploration, NASA's Apollo Project is widely
known for one major accomplishment: landing the first humans on the moon.

a- No Change
b- accomplishment,
c- accomplishment;
d- accomplishment

33. Morocco has had four capitals, collectively called the ―Imperial Cities,” Fes, Marrakech,
Meknes, and Rabat.

a- No Change
b- Cities‖; Fes,
c- Cities‖: Fes,
d- Cities‖ Fes

34. Three animals are predicted to be the first genetically modified species approved for
human consumption, the "double-muscled" pig, fast-growing salmon, and hypoallergenic
cows.

a- No Change
b- consumption;
c- consumption:
d- consumption, these are

35. Jeremiah had one goal, to memorize every single word in the Oxford dictionary.

a- No Change
b- goal:
c- goal: wanting
d- goal; wanting

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36. Women gained the right to vote in the United States in 1920; still the U.S. lags behind
countries such as: India, Costa Rica, and Ireland in electing a female head of state.

a- No Change

b- United States in 1920: still the nation lags behind countries such as India Costa Rica and
Ireland—
c- United States in 1920 still; the nation lags behind countries such as India, Costa Rica, and
Ireland
d- United States in 1920; still, the nation lags behind countries like India, Costa Rica, and
Ireland

37. Sunsets on Mars are not the familiar orange and red of those on Earth, the sky lights up with
blue and violet.

a- No Change
b- Earth; because
c- Earth;
d- Earth: because
38. According to some sources, Carmen Sandiego had two motives; to fool young detectives and
to do "all the crimes."

a- No Change
b- motives,
c- motives; both
d- motives:

39. The wok pan is capable of many different uses; including stir-frying vegetables and braising
meats.

a- No Change
b- uses; these include
c- uses: including
d- uses, these include

40. Sometimes when I've been working for hours, words start dancing before my eyes; this
reminds me that I need to take a break.
a- No Change
b- eyes; which reminds
c- eyes; reminding
d- eyes, which: reminds

41. Because he was tired of eating take-out every night, Craig started baking bread once
a week; as a result, his relationship with his roommates–and later, his coworkers–flowered.

a- No Change
b- week; and
c- week:
d- week: and

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42. Vinaigrettes are easy to make, since all you need to do is mix three ingredients; vinegar, oil,
and spices.

a- No Change
b- ingredients:
c- ingredients, these are
d- ingredients: which are

43. Contrary to the popular perception that DNA was Watson and Crick's discovery: its helical
structure and phosphate backbone were first recognized by a woman; the
English chemist Rosalind Franklin.

a- No Change

b- discovery; its helical structure and phosphate backbone were first recognized by a woman,
the English

c- discovery, its helical structure and phosphate backbone were first recognized by a woman;
the English

d- discovery, its helical structure and phosphate backbone were first recognized by a woman:
the English

44. President Thomas Jefferson had one slightly unusual dream, he hoped to find a living woolly
mammoth in the western United States.

a- No Change
b- dream: he hoped
c- dream; hoping
d- dream–hoping

45. The double helical structure of DNA is determined by the hydrogen bonding capacity of its
four bases, adenine, thymine, cytosine, and guanine.

a- No Change
b- bases;
c- bases; which are
d- bases:

46. Recent film franchises, The Hunger Games, Divergent, The Maze Runner, have made
the concept of frightening dystopian societies more familiar to the latest generation of
moviegoers.

a- No Change
b- franchises: The Hunger Games, Divergent, The Maze Runner,
c- franchises; The Hunger Games, Divergent, The Maze Runner;
d- franchises—The Hunger Games, Divergent, The Maze Runner—

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47. Making Vietnamese spring rolls requires a great deal of time, even for a master chef; since all
the ingredients must be individually prepared.

a- No Change
b- chef: since
c- chef
d- chef;

48. Amerigo Vespucci is the namesake of both North and South America, nevertheless, many
people do not know his discovery overturned Christopher Columbus’s claim that Brazil and
the West Indies formed the eastern outskirts of Asia.
a- No Change
b- America; nevertheless,
c- America: nevertheless,
d- America, nevertheless—

49. Japanese Raku pottery is traditionally hand-shaped rather than "thrown"—shaped on a

potter's wheel.
a- No Change
b- "thrown" shaped
c- "thrown": shaped
d- "thrown"; shaped

50. A recent and popular book on the Bronze Age is Eric H. Cline's 1177 BC; The Year Civilization
Collapsed.
a- No Change
b- BC,
c- BC:
d- BC—

51. Jared's Intro to Coffee Making professor cited a number of advantages to cold-brewing coffee:
up to a 67% percent reduction in overall acidity, a more nuanced taste, and a smoother
finish.
a- No Change
b- coffee up to:
c- coffee, up to:
d- coffee, up to

52. The Beat Generation was a 1950s literary movement that spawned some of America's most
revered poets, they included: Lawrence Ferlinghetti, Allen Ginsberg, and Anne Waldman.
a- No Change
b- poets, they included; Lawrence
c- poets; they included Lawrence
d- poets; they included, Lawrence

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53. The Louisiana Purchase of 1803 allowed the U.S. to acquire a vast amount of territory
from France, indeed, nearly the entire Great Plains region of the present-day was gained
through the purchase.
a- No Change
b- France; indeed,
c- France: indeed,
d- France—indeed
54. Clinical trials manager, pharmacy technician, healthcare administrator, many careers in the
medical field exist beyond just nurse or doctor.
a- No Change
b- administrator—many
c- administrator; and many
d- administrator many

55. A major in the humanities might be criticized for lacking a direct link to a specific career,
however, those who study humanities develop at least one broadly marketable
skill: written communication.

a- No Change
b- career: however, those who study humanities develop at least one broadly marketable skill;
c- career—however, those who study humanities develop at least one broadly marketable skill
d- career; however, those who study humanities develop at least one broadly marketable skill:

56. During the era in American History known as "McCarthyism," serious consequences came with
being called a "Communist," these included: losing your job, being ostracized by friends,
and even testifying before Congress.

a- No Change
b- "Communist," these included
c- "Communist"; these included
d- "Communist," these included—

57. According to the 2008 New Yorker article "Prophet Motive," Kahlil Gibran is the third best-selling
poet of all time, surprisingly: he relied on his mother, sisters, and older women to pay his
bills.

a- No Change
b- time; surprisingly,
c- time, surprisingly,
d- time: surprisingly

58. A four-year program in turf management can lead to jobs other than the high-profile position of
stadium manager; the degree can actually qualify one for a variety of careers, golf
course superintendent, park and commercial grounds manager, or independent landscaping
business owner.
a- No Change
b- manager, the degree can actually qualify one for a variety of careers—
c- manager, the degree can actually qualify one for a variety of careers
d- manager; the degree can actually qualify one for a variety of careers:

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59. Mark Twain's "A Presidential Candidate" announces a false run for America's highest office, in
this satirical piece, Twain mocks political campaigning and "own(s) up in advance to all
the wickedness" he has done.

a- No Change
b- office, in this satirical piece—Twain mocks
c- office, in this satirical piece; Twain mocks
d- office; in this satirical piece, Twain mocks

60. Pre-crastination is the drive to complete tasks immediately to get them out of the way faster, it
is considered a possible method to combat procrastination, which can be exacerbated as
tasks pile up.

a- No Change
b- faster;
c- faster:
d- faster; which

61. Some of my friends are planning to watch an entire season of their favorite TV show in one
sitting. I think they are likely to succeed: if they don't fall asleep in the middle.

a- No Change
b- succeed, if:
c- succeed; if
d- succeed–if

62. Daniel Reifsnyder and Ahmed Djoghlaf are leading negotiations on; behalf of the United Nations
for lower greenhouse gas emissions worldwide.

a- No Change
b- on
c- on—
d- on:
63. DJ Over-the-Top wanted to win, the DMC World DJ Championships in London; but after
observing the competition, he knew there were hundreds of records to scratch and DJs to
battle before he'd be ready.

a- No Change
b- win:
c- win—
d- win

64. Even though playwright Athol Fugard is now 82 years old, he is still hard at work writing about
injustice, life, and family in South Africa.

a- No Change
b- Fugard:
c- Fugard;
d- Furgard—

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65. The law enforcement, cameras, hidden in cacti, take pictures of license plates in order to find
stolen vehicles.
a- No Change
b- enforcement;
c- enforcement:
d- enforcement

66. Maggie picked up the baby: turtle and watched its flippers flap like wings.

a- No Change
b- baby,
c- baby
d- baby—

67. ―Micro-licensing‖ can be a lucrative option for musicians looking, for a way to commercialize
their work.

a- No Change
b- looking:
c- looking;
d- looking

68. In his book On Writing, master of horror Stephen King likens, stories to artifacts and relics.
a- No Change
b- likens
c- likens;
d- likens—
69. Some botanists suggest, that a dwarf banana plant can be a low-maintenance addition to
the home gardener's indoor collection, especially during the winter months.

a- No Change
b- botanists suggest that
c- botanists, suggest that
d- botanists suggest that,

70. James Dyson's "gravity fountain," twelve months in the making, creates the illusion of water
flowing uphill.
a- No Change
b- Dyson's—
c- Dyson's,
d- Dyson's:

71. Read and Ride programs, which pair stationary bikes with books, encourage: simultaneous
learning and exercise.
a- No Change
b- encourage
c- encourage—
d- encourage,

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72. A massive group of 130 ships called the Spanish Armada, was actually unsuccessful in its 1588
attack of Great Britain because Sir Francis Drake's fleet used cannon fire and superior
maneuvering to gain advantage.

a- No Change
b- Armada; was
c- Armada—was
d- Armada was

73. Ballet schools—often offer discounts to male students.

a- No Change
b- schools:
c- schools
d- schools,

74. Two women, have completed Army Ranger training, thus becoming the first female graduates
of the U.S. Army Ranger school.
a- No Change
b- women—
c- women
d- women:

75. The chirping of crickets rang through the air like a symphony.
a- No Change
b- crickets:
c- crickets,
d- crickets—

76. The fire chief's dog, lived at the firehouse.

a- No Change
b- dog—
c- dog;
d- dog

77. Changing your lifestyle to; include more exercise may help decrease the occurrence of
headaches.
a- No Change
b- to
c- to—
d- to:

78. The Picasso painting sold for the highest price—ever recorded by the auction house.

a- No Change
b- price:
c- price
d- price;

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79. In 1943, Captain Jacques Cousteau helped French engineer Emile Gagnan; to develop a
breathing regulator for the SCUBA, or Self-Contained Underwater Breathing Apparatus.

a- No Change
b- Gagnan,
c- Gagnan
d- Gagnan:

80. The world’s first solar bike path, known as SolaRoad, has generated enough, energy to power
a home for a year.

a- No Change
b- enough:
c- enough
d- enough;

81. High-resolution audio is the latest trend in personal music: devices.

a- No Change
b- music
c- music;
d- music—

82. The National Park Service manages federal lands, for public recreational use and travel,
including popular national parks such as Glacier, Yosemite, and Grand Canyon.

a- No Change
b- lands;
c- lands
d- lands:

83. The two main characteristics of a rip current: are a narrow channel and fast movement away
from the shore.

a- No Change
b- current are,
c- current are
d- current are;

84. Real estate photos, that are blurry, cluttered, or poorly lit often pose a problem for home
sellers who post their listings online.

a- No Change
b- photos
c- photos—
d- photos:

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85. They watched the light: shift in the Grand Canyon, marveling at the way the landscape seemed
to change.

a- No Change
b- light,
c- light
d- light—

86. The dog show attendees chatted at length, extolling the virtues of the Dog
Collar Museum, that resides at Leeds Castle and displays a collection of 130 rare dog
collars.

a- No Change
b- Museum—
c- Museum:
d- Museum

87. Translators, that are highly skilled, can often have their choice of jobs around the world
because of the rise in global communications.

a- No Change
b- Translators that are highly skilled
c- Translators that are highly skilled,
d- Translators that are highly skilled;

88. The Beat Generation writers understood at once; what kind of opposition they would face in
the 1950s.

a- No Change
b- once, what
c- once—what
d- once what

89. Tidal range, wave energy, and sediment supply: factor into the morphology of barrier islands.

a- No Change
b- supply,
c- supply
d- supply—

90. The potential customer benefits most commonly associated with self-driving cars are lower
fares, increased availability, and decreased wait times.

a- No Change
b- are lower,
c- are; lower
d- are, lower

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91. Contrary to popular opinion, mice actually prefer nuts and seeds to cheese; rumors about the
rodent’s affinity for dairy come from the fact that cheese; used to be stored in ways that
were accessible to mice.
a- No Change
b- cheese—
c- cheese:
d- cheese

92. After the invasion of a blood-sucking parasite known as philornis downsi, scientists are
attempting to prevent the extinction of the mangrove finches—that Charles Darwin studied
on the Galápagos Islands.
a- No Change
b- finches
c- finches,
d- finches.
93. Know your "baguas" and eliminate clutter: these are the basics, of Feng Shui home design.
a- No Change
b- basics
c- basics;
d- basics—

94. Antique book collectors celebrate finding obscure works like the 90-year-old text, Similes and
Their Use.
a- No Change
b- works,
c- works;
d- works:
95. Clowning and krumping: are related dance forms that emerged from Southern Los Angeles
County in the late 1990s and early 2000s.
a- No Change
b- krumping are related dance forms
c- krumping are related dance forms:
d- krumping are related dance forms,

96. Painted by Salvador Dalí in 1931, The Persistence of Memory depicts time, as soft, and
malleable.
a- No Change
b- time as soft
c- time: as soft
d- time as soft;

97. Modern dance, which is characterized by a greater freedom of movement than classical ballet,
was pioneered by late nineteenth and early twentieth century artists; like Isadora Duncan
and Martha Graham.
a- No Change
b- artists like:
c- artists like
d- artists like;

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98. The book designer had done a great job: the title's intricate lettering stood out from the page:
due to the stunning bright blue he had chosen.
a- No Change
b- page—
c- page
d- page;

99. The period in which the works of Shakespeare flourished is known as, "the Elizabethan era."
a- No Change
b- known as; "the
c- known as "the
d- known—as "the

100. By using the properties of radiocarbon, carbon dating can determine the age of ancient,
organic objects until materials reach an age of over 50,000 years.
a- No Change
b- objects; until
c- objects: until
d- objects, until

101. Two-year degree programs are perhaps not as popular as four-year programs, but they can
lead to lucrative careers: such as programming and web development.
a- No Change
b- to lucrative careers
c- to—lucrative careers
d- to, lucrative careers

102. Helmed by Captain Jacques Cousteau, the Calypso was the first oceanographic vessel to
undertake a global expedition, to reveal the effects of pollution and overuse on the Earth's
oceans.
a- No Change
b- expedition
c- expedition—
d- expedition:

103. The geography teacher explained the concept to the class—a toponym is a word—that is
derived from a place name. He gave two examples: Champagne, which is named after a
region in France, and Colby cheese, named after Colby, Wisconsin.
a- No Change
b- word,
c- word:
d- word

104. Because of the increasing popularity of their crops, organic farmers are finding it easier to
move their products to, the consumer at local grocery stores.
a- No Change
b- products, to
c- products to:
d- products to

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105. Mayor Wilson argued that eliminating carriage rides for tourists in Cleveland would be a
victory for animal rights, because the horses operating the carriages work long hours,
becoming exhausted.

a- No Change
b- animal rights because,
c- animal rights because
d- animal rights, because,
106. UX or "user experience" designers create interfaces for digital technologies and have a skill
set that is in high demand within the current labor market.

a- No Change
b- technologies, and
c- technologies, and,
d- technologies and,

107. Many university professors are incorporating alternatives to the five paragraph essay,
including assignments—like transcribing historical documents and creating audio recordings
of local citizens.

a- No Change
b- assignments,
c- assignments:
d- assignments

108. After she won the spelling bee, Roxane could not decide whether she should call
her mother or run around the building, shrieking with delight.

a- No Change
b- mother,
c- mother;
d- mother:

109. With the help of new algorithms created by researchers at MIT's Biomimetics Robotics Lab, a
"cheetah robot," can run and jump over hurdles in its path.

a- No Change
b- robot"
c- robot"—
d- robot;"

110. Contemporary opera is not as popular with audiences or as filled with high-profile
composers as it was in opera's "golden age," but it still has a dedicated following and
talented new composers like John Adams to contribute work to the genre.
a- No Change
b- audiences, or
c- audiences or,
d- audiences, or,

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