Computer Notes

Grade 5

2023-2024
 Lesson 1
Introduction to Computers

● Importance of learning about computers

● Advantages of using computers
● What is a computer
 Importance of Learning About Computers (1/3)

● Computers are present in every aspect of our lives.

● No matter what you do while studying or working,
chances are, you will be using a computer at some point.
● It is important to learn about them as much as possible
so that we are properly equipped for the future
● Computer skills and knowledge are both essential
● There are many examples of uses of computers in jobs
and everyday life, some of the main ones are on the next
slides.
 Importance of Learning About Computers (2/3)
Online Shopping Drawing / Architecture Transportation

Medical Care Education Communication

Content Creation Video Games

 Importance of learning about computers (3/3)

Manufacturing Information and Storage

Science, Technology & Research Social Media

 Advantages of using computers

Speed Storage Accuracy

Give results quickly Lots of memory, lasts a long time Almost 100% correct
 Lesson 2
What is a Computer

● What is a Computer
● Basic Components of a Desktop Computer
● Input and output Devices
 What is a Computer

This diagram shows what you can describe a computer as at its most basic form.

Input Output
Processing
(Calculating)
Devices Devices

Memory
(Storage)
 Basic Components of a Desktop Computer

Scanner
 Input and Output Devices
Input & Output
Input Devices Output Devices
(Both)

Monitor
Keyboard Mouse

Touch Screen

Microphone Speaker

Scanner External Storage Device Printer

Webcam Projector
Flash Drive
 Lesson 3
Connectors and Multi-seat Systems

● Connectors & Ports

● Multi-seat System
● USB Hubs
 Connectors & Ports

USB: Most common type of connector.

(Keyboard, mouse, printer, scanner, flash drives, external
storage devices, speakers, webcam, microphones)

VGA/HDMI: Used for display purposes, to

show something from a computer
(Monitor, Projector)

Audio Jack: For connecting audio devices

(Speaker, Microphone)
 Multi Seat Systems (1/2)

A multi-seat system is a single computer which supports multiple

independent users at the same time.
 Multi Seat Systems (2/2)

Advantages of using a Multi-seat System

1- Saves money
2- Saves electricity consumption
3- Saves time and effort for maintenance
4- Saves space on the desk
5- Allows more seat availability
 Lesson 4
Types of computers

According to their functions

1- Mobile Computers

2- Workstations

3- Servers
 1- Mobile Computers
Mobile computer: Is used to consume content and communicate.
- Watching videos
- Listening to music
- Reading articles
- Share with other computers

Tablet Notebook

Smartphone Smartwatch
 2- Workstations
Workstation:
- Is used to create content and share
- Can be used as a multi user computer
- Is more powerful than Mobile computer

Desktop Laptop
 3- Servers
Server: Is a computer or a computer program that provides services to other
computers or computer programs, called “Clients”.
 3- Servers

Servers are named according to the type of service they provide.

For example:

- Web server: It holds website files and serves them through a web browser
- Mail server: Makes email communication possible over the network
- Game server: Enables several computers or gaming devices to play
multiplayer games
- File servers: Shares files and folders over the network
- Print servers: Shares one or more printers over the network
- Sound servers: Helps in playing audio files
- Chat Server: Offers real-time discussion capabilities
 Lesson 5
Acronyms
Acronym: Is an abbreviation formed from the initial letters of other words and
pronounced as a word

USB Universal Serial Bus VGA Video Graphics Array

CPU Central Processing Unit HDMI High Definition Multimedia Interface

RAM Random Access Memory PC Personal Computer

GPU Graphics Processing Unit CD Compact Disk

HDD Hard Disk Drive UPS Uninterruptible Power Supply

SSD Solid State Drive PSU Power Supply Unit

 Lesson 6
The Basic Computer Parts

Case Power Supply Motherboard CPU

Heat Sink RAM HDD SSD

 Lesson 6
Functions of the Parts
1. Case: Holds all the parts together and protects them.
2. Motherboard: Connects all the parts together allowing them to work together.
3. PSU: It takes the electricity from the wall and distributes it to the different parts of
the computer.
4- CPU: It is the brain of the computer, it does all the thinking (processing).
5- Heat sink: It is used to cool the CPU.
6- HDD: It is the long-term memory of the computer, has moving mechanical parts.
7- SSD: It is the long-term memory of the computer, with no moving mechanical
component.
8- RAM: It is the short-term memory of the computer.
 Lesson 7
Hardware & Software
Hardware: The PHYSICAL parts of the computer

● Input and output devices (keyboard, mouse, monitor, printer, webcam …)

● It also includes all the parts inside the computer case, such as the HDD, SSD, RAM, Heat Sink,
CPU, Motherboard, GPU, cables…)
 Lesson 7
Hardware & Software
Software: The VIRTUAL parts of the computer
● All files (pictures, videos, audios, text…), applications and programs are considered software
● Computer software also includes the operating system, which is what allows the computer to
function in a specific way (Windows, MacOS, Linux, Android, iOS…)
 Lesson 8
Files and Folders

❖ Organizing Files & Folders (Directories)

➢ A file is a collection of information with a name attached to it

➢ A file name has two parts: NAME and EXTENSION

■ “NAME”
● Provides important information about the content and the purpose of the file
● Usually defined by the user of the computer
■ “EXTENSION”
● Indicates the characteristic of the file contents or its intended use
● It allows the operating system to know what type of file it is and what
program to run when you double-click on it.
● If you manually change a file's extension, it may change what program your
computer uses to open the file
■ name.extension (for example: lesbg.jpg)
■ You can’t have two files with the exact same name and extension in the
same folder (directory)
 ➢ Some common file types (extensions)
■ Text (.txt / .doc / .odt)
■ Audio (.mp3 / .wav / .ogg)
■ Picture (.jpg / .png / .gif)
■ Video (.mp4 / .mov / .wmv)

Files File Names File Extension Files File Names File Extension

Rhyme.mp3 My research.doc

Parents.jpg Dog.png

Lion.odt My Brithday.MOV

Cat.gif backup.zip

Story.mov Old files.rar

Story.txt Profile pic.bmp

Anthem.wav

Movie.mp4
❖ Folders (Directories)
➢ Folders are used to organize computer files. (Copy, move, sort, and group)
➢ Folders can store files and other folders (subfolders)
➢ Folder don’t have extension or size, only a name
 Lesson 9
Storage & Data Units
 Lesson 9
Storage & Data Units
Bit (b)
● A bit is the smallest unit of data in a computer,
● The unit of bit is (b)
● One bit cannot even store a single letter!

Byte (B)
● Bits are usually assembled into a group of eight to form a byte, so 8b =
1B
● A byte can store a single character, like "A"
● The unit of byte is (B)
 Lesson 9
Storage & Data Units

❖ The next unit a Kilobyte (KB). It is equal to 1,000 Bytes (1,000

B), more precisely 1,024 Bytes.
➢ Couple of paragraphs (thousands of words) would need few
kilobyte of storage
❖ Next, a Megabyte (MB) is 1,000 Kilobytes (1,000 KB), which
can also be said as 1,024.
➢ A music file or a good quality picture would need few
megabytes
➢ A short video would take few hundreds of megabytes
 Lesson 9
Storage & Data Units

❖ A Gigabyte (GB) is 1,000 MB, or as before 1,024 MB. It is also

equal to one billion bytes (1,000,000,000 B) (1000 x 1000 x
1000)
➢ A long video (few hours) would need few gigabyte of
storage.
➢ Most games need at least a few gigabytes of storage
❖ A Terabyte (TB) is 1,000 GB (or 1,024);
➢ 1 TB is about the same amount of information as all of the
books in a large library.
➢ 1 TB of data storage is standard for a workstation
 Lesson 9
Storage & Data Units

There are a few more storage units, but they are rarely used, only needed for large companies
and servers:

❖ A petabyte (PB) is 1,024 TB. 1 PB of data, if written on DVDs, would create roughly 223,100
DVDs
❖ An exabyte (EB) is 1,024 PB
❖ A zettabyte (ZB) is 1,024 EB
❖ A yottabyte (YB) is 1,024 ZB

The entire traffic of the internet in 2023 (meaning everyone around the world using their internet to
download, upload, call, play, watch…) was around a few ZB (Zettabytes)

-1 YB is equal to 1,000,000,000,000,000,000,000,000 Bytes.