Q2)

The writer in Source A uses more scientifically proven methods of trying to gain
sleep, for example, she "(...) tried giving up coffee, sugar, and heavy dinners." All of
which are methods that have been known and proven to affect one's sleep, and as a
result she chose to give up those very factors. This differs to Source B, in which the
writer uses more old-fashioned and perhaps ineffective methods of trying to gain
sleep, for example, "(...) saying the Multiplication Table, in vain have you repeated
poetry by the yard, or counted to one hundred (...)" Such methods which have not
been proven by science to actually help one fall asleep. Therefore, due to this,
although both writers in both sources use different methods of ways to fall asleep,
they emphasise these methods still fail to work.

The writer in Source A differs in her methods of falling asleep as she attempted to
sacrifice certain proven habits, in order to help rid of her insomnia, for example,
justified in the statement of, "I tried giving up coffee, sugar and heavy dinners."
However, these methods then differ with the methods of the writer of Source B, who
did not do this and uses methods that do not directly affect their ways of sleep, a
statement to support this being, "Next day you get a mosquito net." "(...) that there is
no treacherous hole left for the enemy." The writer in Source B invests in a mosquito
net in order to rid of any potential interference with their sleep. As a result, the writer
in Source B implements additional habits into their routine of finding sleep, rather
than sacrificing any habits as the writer of Source A did. However, both methods
again fail to work.

Another way the writer of Source A portrays their different methods of falling asleep
is by resorting to hypnosis as a means of falling asleep, for example shown in the
statement of, "Hypnosis, which did nothing at all. I bought a therapeutic
electromagnetic mattress..." The writer of Source A resorts to implementing strategic
therapuetic interventions in order to find sleep. This of which differs from the writer
of Source B, who used methods in which they found relaxation and comfort, in order
to sleep. For example, "You sit and read (...)" Writer of Source A uses methods of
strategic intervention of which failed, and the writer of Source B uses methods of
comfort rather than actively finding ways to sleep, of which aslo failed.

Q3)

Q4) The writer of Source A uses the technique of short sentences to portray their
thoughts on their lack of insomnia and the manner in which they help themselves rid
of it. Examples being, "I took the article to my doctor-" and, "I found myself sitting
with 11 strangers (...)" The writer of Source A assists themselves in ridding their
insomnia by seeking the attention and help of others, implying that they believe
being in the presence of others and speaking to others would benefit them. The
short sentences were used consistently when mentioning others in order to perhaps
emphasise the extent to how useful they may have believed seeking help from others
would've been. However Source B differs in this aspect as they do not mention
seeking actual medical attention on the matter, or speaking to another individual
about this. A statement to support this could be, "(...) while every human creature in
the house is sleeping (...)" suggesting that instead of waking another person within
their home to help assist on the matter, the writer chose instead to suffer in silence. A
further statement to support their suffering silence could be, "(...) with twitching
fingers, and kicking toes, and glaring eyes (...)" The writer in Source B uses long
sentences to explain their suffering and chosing to do so instead of seeking the
beneficial help of others. The use of the long sentences adds further detail and
explanation to the manner in which they chose to go about their suffering,
describing more of their torment instead of a descrption explaining their seeking of
assistance from others. Both thus differing in their methods of help ridding in
insomnia, with one chosing to seek help whilst the other chosing to continue in their
agony.

The writer in Source A uses the language technique of imagery in order to describe
the effects insomnia had on them, through the descrption of the mental hysteria they
felt. An example to support this being, "(...) with sore eyes, itchy skin and a high-
pitched sense of mental hysteria, which, at its worst, made me feel as though my life
was unravelling." The writer also includes a metaphor to suggest the lack of control
they begin to feel as their life is "unravelling" as a result of the insanity they feel,
which is spiralling out of control and seemingly taking over. This is greatly similar to
what the writer in Source B feels, who also describes of a mental hysteria that has
impacted them. An example being, "(...) you start grinning like a maniac; then
laughing hysterically; then crying outright (...)" The writer of Source B also uses
descriptive adjectives as well a simile in order to signify the extent to which the
hysteria is affecting them in the manner in which they act. Overall, as a result, both
writers being similar in describing the manner in which the insomnia has affected
their wellbeing, both writers suffering from mental insanity as a lack of their sleep.

The writer of Source A, as a result of the mental hysteria, also describes of the long-
lasting physical impacts of a lack of sleep, through the use of short sentences.
Examples to support this being, "Baking at 3am. Still awake and getting fatter." as
well as, "It just gave me a stiff back." The writer uses short sentences consistently
throughout the text to list the way in which insomnia is affecting them physically. For
the writer to state "Still awake and getting fatter." suggests of how their body is
acting against them, and as a lack of sleep, they are unwillingly gaining weight. They
overall describe of the physical affects of insomnia, and what it is doing to their
physical health, even to the very end, for example, "(...) insomnia had always returned
with a venegeance.", suggesting their suspicion that the effects will return.
The writer in Source B however, does not do this, and describes also of the physical
impacts of insomnia through the use of a rhetorical question and simile, which
seemingly do not last due to the fluctation of the writer's physical activity. An
example to suggest this could be, "How will you feel to-morrow? Suppose you
should run from the top of the stairs to the bottom, as fast and as loud as you
could." The writer rhetorically asks, "How will you feel to-morrow?" to suggest of
their unsurity of how they will feel on a physical basis, implying of the fluctation of
their physical nature and how they would be impacted. To also describe themselves
as running, and being "as fast and as loud" as they could, suggests they are not
affected to such an extent that they can't be physically active. The writer describes of
their overall physicality being affected in a wavering manner, and the physical effects
not lasting on a long-term basis. Thus, both writers differing in their methods to
describe of the physical impacts of insomnia, and their lasting nature. The short
sentences were made by the writer of Source A as statements as they were sure of
how their physical state was detoririaring, whilst the use of a rhetorical question by
the writer of Source B was used to signify their confusion and hesitation on deciding
how their physical state is.

Q5)

Dear to whom it may concern,

I am writing this letter to you to discuss my viewpoint on the matter on whether or
not education deserves a radical change. I do wholeheartedly believe the
Government has done an excellent job at forming an education system that allows
for many students all over the country to pursue the ambitions and careers of their
dreams. The Government has created a system in which many education pathways
are present for students to choose from, depending on what suits their needs and
ambitions.
As well as not only this, the scheduling in which schools start and end are able to maintain a
routine for students which is a great strength of the system. This as a result allowing for
students to maintain their own sense of self discipline as well as punctuality, in order to
remember what is expected of them.
whilst I agree with the system as how it is, I believe there are flaws present which
poses as a concern to myself and others.

I believe the current system is having an effect on the way many students across the
country are performing in terms of their academics. My perspective on the cause of
this is due to the sleep and mental health issues students are facing; many suffering
from insomnia and therefore unable to perform to their fullest potential due to their
inability to concentrate in their classes. With the matter of insomnia, it affects
different students to different extents and ways; for example, many being affected on
a physical basis, in which their bodies act against them. Other ways could be the
mental hysteria face, due to lack of sleep they recieve. Overall, insomnia greatly
affects the manner in which an individual acts and thinks. In terms of mental health
issues, many children are not being properly diagnosed and treated for the issues
they face - overall, adding to the manner in which they underperform.
This consequently calls for a need of change and issues such as this are which I
consider very solvable, as long as the input of the Government is implemented.

Changes I believe could be implemented as a result in order to make enhancements

to the current system which could make use of the improvements being suggested
by myself, are the following. The Government could possibly make a change to the
timings in which schools/sixth-forms start and end, allowing for students to possibly
gain more hours of sleep; ; whilst maintaining the same six/seven hours of
educational routine. For example, allowing schools to begin at perhaps 11/12 in the
afternoon.
It has been scientifically proven that adolescents require more sleep and due to the
extreme levels of stress and anxiety they face at that age due to the pressure of
performing well in exams, they differ from adults in this aspect. Hence why a
consideration of this should be taken into account, and a chance of such a change to
perhaps solve this should be implemented. However, to those suffering from
insomnia, individual medical attention should be set aside and focused on those
students. The same should be applied to those with mental health issues.
Despite these two issues which are the underlying cause of students
underperforming which is a flaw in the system's ability to tackle this, the system itself
is one of the greatest in the world. The current system, despite requiring some
improvements, allows for many to be sent off to the greatest universities in the
world; the UK being home to many of the world's top ten educational instituitons.
These instiutions that have a shared focus on scientific research and academic
achievement which contribute greatly to the UK itself and across the globe;
producing more than two-thirds of the world-leading research and support more
than hundreds of thousands of jobs across the country.

Kindest Regards,
Maryam.

Q2) The writer of Source A portrays the campsite in which they are to stay as a place
that had lost its previous appeal. For example, supported by the statement of, "The
table tennis hut, once such an astonishment of riches, was now a bit battered around
the edges, the pool a little more dull." The writer thus describing the once appealing
campsite as something more disappointing, and not up to one's taste. However, this
differs to how the writer of Source B, who describes their campsite as quite the
opposite. For example, "(...) everything is beautiful and unspoilt." Therefore, Source B
differing from Source A as the campsite is not ruined or damaged compared to the
campsight of Source A, and is even described as "beautiful".

The writer in Source A also describes the campsite in which they are staying in a
different manner as well as tone to the one in Source B, as this is a campsite they
have stayed at before. Supported by the statement of, "Eventually, we arrived at the
campsite where we had stayed the previous year. As if often when you revisit
somewhere you've been before-" The verb "revisit" as well as adverb "eventually"
suggest of a boredom in going to the campsite, due to having been before. This thus
differs to the manner in which the writer of Source B describes the campsite they are
staying at. For example, shown in the statement of, "The discoverers of this paradise."
The use of the adjective "paradise" suggesting it's place they have not ever witnessed
or stayed in before, therefore describing it in a more exciting manner than the writer
of Source A.

A final way in which the writer of Source A describes their campsite in being a
modern day setting, compared to that of the one in Source B. For example,
describing, "The table tennis hut (...)" and "the pool" being present. These of which
are considered modern day leisure ways of entertaining one's self. However, this
differs in Source B, where "The axes (...) and " (...) forked stakes are driven into the
ground." are being described as being present. Axes and stakes are considered to be
more medieval/olden ways of labour rather than entertainment, therefore differing
from "table tennis huts" and "pool" tables which are deemed to be rather relaxing
and labour-free entertainment. Hence, both campsites not only differing in their day
of setting, but differing in terms of labourous activity and entertainment that is
comforting.

Q3)

The writer of Source A uses the language technique of similies to portray the rain. An
example being, "(...) each raindrop sparkled up a plume of dust so fine it looked like steam,
making the soil look as if it were boiling.” The writer describes the rain as something “so
fine”, suggesting how thin and unnoticeable it was to the human eye. The writer uses such
imagery to indicate that as a result of it’s unnoticeable nature, the rain had the ability to
discreetly attack the soil, hence the description of it making the soil seem as if it were
“boiling”. The imagery helps the reader imagine the consistency of the rain as one can picture
the reality of what the rain is like and the impact it has on the soil itself. The adjective
‘boiling’ further implying of the humidity the rain brought alongside it’s attacking nature on
the ground. Words such as "sparkled" and "dust" connotate positive ideas of fiction and
magic, suggesting that the writer has an element of admiration towards the rain they are
observing in such great detail.

However, later in the passage, the writer views the rain in a less positive manner and instead
a more negtaive light by using the language technique of personification to portray the nature
of the storm. Examples being, “(…) a low rumble of thunder began rolling towards us,” as
well as, “The storm was circling the area before clattering in to do its worst.” The writer uses
the verb “rolling” and “circling” when describing the movement of the storm, using
animalistic tendencies to indicate of the predatory nature of the storm. The description of the
"low rumble" suggests the storm is making aggressive noises, thus adding the intention of it
being angry. To describe it in such a manner implies of it’s predictable attempt to attack the
area with it ferocity, which is supported by the phrase, “(…) before clattering in to do its
worst.” To write such a phrase presents the storm with human/animal-like behaviour as only
they are capable of such behaviour.

Finally, the writer uses the technique of metaphors when describing the rain. An example
supporting this being, “ Soon, the rain was slashing down, the relentless battering against the
tent canvas loud and frightening.” The writer uses the harsh verbs “slashing” and “battering”
when describing the movement of the rain to describe the violent and dangerous way in
which it’s pouring down on the campsite, perhaps posing a threat to the writer and the
campsite itself. The writer portrays the rain in an angry and aggressive manner to add purpose
and intention to the weather itself, suggesting that maybe the rain was intentionally acting in
such a harsh manner in order to ruin the camping experience of the writer.

Q4)

The writer of Source A describes their thoughts to the writer of Source A in a completely
different manner to the writer of Source B, having an immediate negative mentality before
having even been to the campsite. The writer of Source A uses metaphors to describe their
thoughts before reaching the campsite, evidence to support this being, “Holidays were in
the hands of malevolent forces hell-bent on wreaking chaos at every turn. Holidays were
assault courses of the mind and body, endurance tests designed to break spirits and shatter
spleens.” The writer describes her holiday being in the hands of “malovent forces”, implying
of how her experience will be in the hands of evil and dark natures; thus being completely
out of her control. The writer continues to state how the holiday in itself is an “endurance
test designed to break spirits and shatter spleens”, implying that the holiday is set to test her
every patience and absolutely drain her of her energy, and ultimately break her. It is then
clear the writer of Source A is already choosing to have a negative mindset, not even giving
her holiday a chance until it’s started. The writer thus uses metaphors to create such
negative imagery, in order to portray her fixed mindset on how the holiday will play out for
her. Hence overall, differing to the writer of Source B, who does not think negatively before
their holiday has started. Evidence to support this being, “The real enjoyment of camping in
the woods lies in a return to primitive conditions of living, dress and food and an escape
from civilization.” The writer chooses to believe his experience of “camping in the woods”
would be of some pleasure and is an “escape from civilisation”, perhaps indicating of his
wish to get away from humanity and not face any interruption from them whilst enjoying
the outdoors. The writer of Source B does not use metaphors to create negative imagery
that would imply of his thoughts but rather uses long sentences to enhance the positivity of
his thoughts. The use of long sentences provides more detail and insight on the thoughts of
the writer and to exemplify his positive mentality. Both writers then differ in their methods
of portraying their thoughts and feelings prior to actually reaching the campsite.

However, a way in which both writers of both sources are similar in the way they
describe their experiences of camping is through imagery of the rain that overtake
their campsites. The writer of Source A portrays this, through the examples of, “(…)
the sky darkened and the rain began to fall in thick, steady drops.” as well as, “(…) the
patter of rain on the hard earth sounded almost metallic (…)” The writer uses such
imagery to describe the way she experienced the arrival of the rain, using contrasting
adjectives such as “patter” and “metallic” to portray her contradicting thoughts on
the rain. The writer does this to describe the noisy nature of the rain, perhaps
indiciating how distracting it is and thus providing a negative experience for them.
The writer of Source B does something similar, through the example of, “In the
darkness there is recrimination. The rain continues to soak down.” The adjective
"darkness" connotates ideas of helplessness and negativity, and the lack of light
within the situation itself thus resulting in a lack of hope and motivation.The writers
use imagery to create a physical response in the reader through sensory details, and
thus providing a more vivid image of the scenario they are in. The use of imagery of
the rain allows for a shared experiences of the writers, in how they view the rain;
through their negative connotations of the rain.

A final way in which both writers differ in their methods of portraying their experiences is
through the attempts to stop the rain. The writer of of Source A describes, “Despite all my
father’s best efforts to waterproof the tent and lay the ground sheet properly, water was
starting to seep in.” The writer’s father attempts to stop the rain from ruining their
experiencing at the campsite, one of which is sleeping. The writer uses the structural
technique of long sentences to perhaps indidicate the extent of her father’s “efforts” in
“waterproofing the tent”, to which he unfortunately failed. The long sentences add detail
and emphasise the extent to which he tried to stop the rain. This then differs with the writer
of Source B who describes, “The bedding is damp. Some sit up, if they can find a dry spot to
sit on, and smoke. A few sleep. And the night wears on.” The writer simply states of how his
bedding for sleep became wet with the rain, with no description of his attempts to stop it.
He continues to describe the different manners in which people act in terms of trying to stop
it. He then further uses short sentences to perhaps imply the lack of attempt to stop the rain
from ruining his experience, and perhaps emphasise the futility in trying to do so. This
greatly differs with the description from the writer of Source A who describes of at least one
individual trying to actively stop the rain from ruining their sleeping experience at the
campsite; this of which is not present in Source B. Both writers then differ in their methods
of describing their attempts or lack of attempts at stopping the rain.
Q5)

AREN'T YOU DESERVING OF A BREAK? HERE'S YOUR CHANCE OF ONE.

Ask yourself this question dear reader, don't you deserve a little get away from
everyday life? Don't you believe it's time to relax in the cold ocean waters of the
Maldives?
It's most definitely not necessary or required that one's trip aboard has to be the
most pricey nor the most difficult to book. But it does most certainly require one to
take the first step of acknowledgement that relaxation is necessary in this moment in
time. Once that first step taken, the next are like a walk in the park! Many tiresome
adults, working 9-5s, alongside having the duties of dropping off the kids to school
on a daily basis, are convinced grand schemes abroad are expensive or simply too far
away, to which I have to argue is not the case.
It is very much worth going away on holiday, as it is a fantastic way of alleviating a
person’s stress. Holidays solely exist to get one away from the harsh realities of life
and allow one to be at peace momentarily. Not only that, but it's simply a perfect
way to provide family bonding or enjoy time with whatever loved one you may
choose to go with. Altogether, it is most undeniably a positive experience by not only
helping one form stronger relations but also encounter the joys of being away from
the dull British atmosphere.
In terms of expense, holiday trips do not have to be expensive as many budget
friendly holidays are available for those wishing to not spend as much money. Or if
you wish to be too far away from him, you can simply take a trip to the beautiful
national park of England’s pride and joy, the Lake District. Holiday get-aways can be
within the country, allowing one to be away from their monotonous home town/city
and savouring the taste of adventure on a roadtrip.

AREN'T YOU DESERVING OF A BREAK? HERE'S YOUR CHANCE OF ONE.

Ask yourself this question dear reader, don't you deserve a little get away from
everyday life? Don't you believe it's time to relax the beautiful of views of landscapes
within your own home country?

It's most definitely not necessary or required that one's trip aboard has to be the
most pricey nor the most difficult to book. But it does most certainly require one to
take the first step of acknowledgement that relaxation is necessary in this moment in
time. Once that first step taken, the next are like a walk in the park! Many tiresome
adults, working 9-5s, alongside having the duties of dropping off the kids to school
on a daily basis, are convinced grand schemes abroad are expensive or simply too far
away, to which I have to argue is not the case.
It is very much worth going away on holiday, as it is a fantastic way of alleviating a
person’s stress. Holidays solely exist to get one away from the harsh realities of life
and allow one to be at peace momentarily. Not only that, but it's simply a perfect
way to provide family bonding or enjoy time with whatever loved one you may
choose to go with. Altogether, it is most undeniably a positive experience by not only
helping one form stronger relations but also encounter the joys of being away from
the dull British atmosphere.

Are you worried about the cost of flights, accomodations and travel insurance being
incredibly expensive? Well, there is good news! In terms of expense, holiday trips do
not have to be expensive as many budget friendly holidays are available for those
wishing to not spend as much money. What is considered quite popular to invest in
for family holidays are trips to theme parks and zoos, which are a perfect alternative.
If you wish to not be too far away from home, you can simply take a trip to the
beautiful national park of England’s pride and joy, the Lake District. Holiday get-
aways can be within the country, allowing one to be away from their monotonous
home town/city and savouring the taste of adventure on even a roadtrip! If you do
not prefer that, you can visit other neighbouring countries within your continent as it
does not cover much expense due to the shorter hours needed to travel there, an
example being France if you supposedly live in the UK.

All things considered, the most important thing about a holiday is not the expense
covered, but rather the memories made along the way. When was the last time you
made heart-warming and adventurous memories with the person/people you love?
You can admit to yourself it has been a while, hasn't it? So why not give yourself the
brilliant oppertunity to let loose, and have a taste of life again by enjoying yourself
for once!

Q2)

The writer of Source A portrays Simon as someone rather inconsiderate and uncaring
of the feelings of the writer. An example to support this being, "(...) despite my cries
of alarm and pain, he had kept the pace of descent going." The writer makes it clear
of Simon's perhaps cruel nature of forcing him to slide down the mountain despite
the pain he was in. This then greatly differs to Marius, who the writer of Source B
describes in a very contrasting manner. An example being, "(...) I found that Marius
had kindly put my rug in a corner of the floor (...)" The writer using the adjective
"kindly" to portray of Marius's caring and considerate nature, this differing greatly
from Simon who showed no kindess to the writer and still decided to force him down
despite his calls of pain. Therefore Source A differs from Source B because whilst in
Source A describes Simon who is described in a negative light, in Source B, Marius is
someone who is described in a more positive light.
The writer of Source A describes Simon as a cheerful and an overly excited individual,
supported by the examples such as, "he said cheerfully." and "He was still grinning,
and his confidence was infectious." The writer thus portraying Simon as a giddy and
happy individual, this greatly differing from Marius in Source B. Evidence to suggest
of the difference in Marius's character being, "called Marius calmly." The adverb
describing the manner in which Marius called the writer differs from Simon in Source
B who spoke with more excitement in his voice, through the use of the adverb
"cheerfully." The writers of both sources then describe Marius and Simon in
contradicting manners, one lacking the enthusiasm due to being a close friend of the
writer and excitement in their manner whilst the other lacking the more calm and
composed nature which is shown by Marius due to him being a professional to the
writer, and due to their lack of closeness, hence the reserved nature.