Read the following extract and use your own words to summarise it.

Your summary should be

between 100 and 120 words.
2/ The extract sheds light on the underlying implications of producing a speech and its connection
with the language in general. Though being pretty overseen, verbal communication is pivotal as it
indicates the long-lasting effect on linguistic capability. Moreover, not only social circles and
individual relationships can be persisted through this act but also the manners in teaching and
studying would be modified. Significantly, this form of transmitting information reaffirms our
existence all the way to the human’s evolution. The striking feature is how using these speeches
demonstrates human’s legacy of the essence of our potentials. The knot between language and
speech lies in its strenuous disciplines that hardly any survey could wholefully conduct.
Number of words: 113
Read the following extract and use your own words to summarise it. Your summary should be
between 140 and 160 words.
3/ The passage encapsulates on the upsurge of adjuncts and the disadvantages in doing this
profession. The occupation of constant replacement after running for some short-lived lectures has
become standardized nowadays, which generates inevitable drawbacks for the commuters. Firstly,
due to the makeshift contract term, they are hardly given any health insurance. Secondly, because of
the slight grants, they must make commitment with several universities to gain the sustainable
profit. Consequently, being snowed under heavy workload and paying lackage, the opportunities to
develop themselves to get promoted seem impractical. The worrying point is that the adjuncts’
unfixed timetable could result in the loss in teaching quality as the time used to discuss on group
project or personal sessions can be reduced. The disconnection between the teacher and students
leads to the students’ incomprehension. In some cases, in order to persevere their role, grade-
inflation is applied. Painstakingly, this essence of work is what adjuncts are required to overcome.
Number of words: 157
Read the following extract and use your own words to summarise it. Your summary should be
between 100 and 120 words.
4/ The extract demonstrates human’s evolution through three systematic stages and the ‘’time-
biding’’ aspect as the go-between. Respectively, spears and knives lead all the way to the commence
of cultivating using plough, then the transference of transport. Moreover, the sensing-stimulated
tools go parallel with the thinking ability using varied facets of knowledge. Above all, those systems
cannot function without the recording strategy called “time-binding”. Knowledge bears no relevance
to reification, so relating speech to a transducer should be practical to linguistic potentials. In the
primitive era, the groundbreaking change in social roles foretells the apperance of the state-of-the-
art society. The ever-lasting effect of this change set forths to human’s development in the latter.
Number of words: 112
Part 1: Read the following extract and use your own words to summarise it. Your summary should
be between 100 and 120 words long. (mock test 1)
5/ The passage illustrates the development of vavious payment forms throughout history. The
prehistoric way of exchanging things was barter trade. Nevertheless, the merchants struggling for
finding the suitable exchangers began an era when people used fiscal transaction. Beads, shells or
fishing hooks were applied into the monetary system. Near Turkey, gold coins with varied
denominations existed. About 700 BC, King Gyges institutionalized the coins using his name. Later,
the act of moving around while carrying cumbersome pouch of coins together with thieves attracting
leads to the invention of checks with user names on them to dishearten robbery. Adopting this idea,
banks start using notes for exchanging as well as paper money generated by the goverment.
Number of words: 116
Part 2: The table below shows the worldwide market share of the notebook computer market for
manufacturers in the years 2006 and 2007. Summarise the information by selecting and reporting
the main features, and make comparisons where relevant. You should write about 150 words.
6/ The table demonstrates the market share over the globe of notebook computer manufacturers in
two successive years 2006 and 2007.
Overall, in both years, the market proportion for HP was the highest of all. Besides, there were
several fluctuations in the market share of those brand in the two years mentioned.
In detail, in 2006, HP was above all laptop brands with 31.4% of the market share and showed a
slight increase 34% in the following year. This sales were greater than the sum of two of its
competitors, Dell and Acer. However, while Dell share increased from 16.6% to 20.2%, its closest
opponent Acer marginally dropped the sales from 11.6% to 10.7%.
The other manufacturers in the league accounted for a much lower share of the laptop market.
Toshiba’s share rose from 6.2% in 2006 to 7.3% in 2007, whereas Lenovo decreased slightly from
6.6% to 6.2%. Fujitsu-Siemens share in 2007 halved its figure in 2006, from 4.8% to 2.3%. Other
manufacturers sold 22.8% of all the laptops, in 2006, their sales rates were more than all the brands
but for HP. Nevertheless, in 2007, with 19,3%, they were lower than both HP and Dell.
Number of words: 196
Part 3: Write an essay of 350 words on the following topic:
“The surest indicator of a great nation is not the achievements of its rulers, artists, or scientists
but the general welfare of all its people.”
Present your perspective on this issue, using relevant reasons and examples to support your views.
7/ In this day and age, the social-economic prosperity of the globes is inclined to be taken into
consideration. One of the questions is how a country can be entitled: “a great nation”. However
outstanding the feats of its government, scientists, artist or in any fields, visibly, without the well-
being of its citizens, all of these would absolutely fail to operate. Therefore, the general welfare of a
nation’s people is by all means a “magnetic needle” of the country.
First and formost, only when its people are willing to contribute to its prosperity do the country
commence thriving on constantly. A nation cannot march ahead when its people refuse to cooperate
or being indifferent to the hot-potato news arround them. Especially when being mistreated by
giving low wage on working for the commuters or not allocating funds sufficiently, the on-going life
of the citizens is badly influenced. Therefore, the likelihood that they will join hands with the
authority equals zero. That is to say, some residents are capable of immigrating in another better
countries for their sake. A person dissatisfaction can result in a family dissatisfaction, eventually, a
whole community will rebel against the national leaders.
Nowadays, groundbreaking achievements in the world of technology and science contributed by
profound researchers and dedicated explorers are just a drop in the ocean when compared to the
consent of the people. In fact, exotic inventions are mushrooming in this era, and the inventors are
urge to look for the participants to run their missions. Provided that there were no testers, that
scientific innovation would never gain ground. Hence, the timely interference from the citizens is the
fate-decided factor and no experienced scientist can alter this truth. Furthermore, if there was
funding leakage to patronize scientific discoveries and people’s disagreement, those researchers
have no choice but to move to another well-developed countries to continue their tasks. Eventually,
that nation will not benefit anything.
In a nutshell, a country wellfare is determined by its people wellfare. No one can confidently
overemphasize the significance of the ones who do such and such research in many fields to the
consent of its inhabitants. The only way to set forths for prosperity is to accredit the importance of
its citizen’s collaboration.
Number of words: 373