RECYCLING

*INTRODUCTION: Is a critical practice to make our planet cleaner and

more waste free. Although humans produce millions tonnes of waste
every day, a lot of is recyclable.

-Supermarkets only offer paper bags to put our purchase, but if we

want to use plastic bags, we must bring them from our home.

-In different parts of the word there are rubbish, plastics and waste
islands and these islands are a very serious problem, because they can
produce many diseases in world population and in wildlife and
vegetation.

-Some people don’t know what type of materials can be recycled,

because the companies that produce water bottles, cans, ice-cream
tubs don’t specify on labels in which bins we should throw them away
and what parts can be recycled.

*DISADVANTAGE: It is uncomfortable to have different bins in the

kitchen, if we have got a small kitchen and don’t enough space.

*SOLUTION:
-Only buy products in packaging that we are sure can be recycled and
we should avoid packaging .

-We should put in practice the rule of 3R (Reduce (only buy food that
we need to prepare our meals), Reuse (wrap paper can be used to wrap
other presents) and Recycle (throw waste and rubbish away in the
correct bins which can be divided into 5 types (glass, plastic, organic,
rest and paper and cardboard bins)).

*CONCLUSION: It is very important and serious problem and taking

some measures we can stop them.
THE ENVIRONMENT AND CLIMATE CHANGE
*INTRODUCTION: The world has changed a lot due to the climate
change.

-Some statistics shows the ice caps are melting, the sea level is rising
and the rising temperatures were caused drought in different parts of
the world.

-Apart from that, as the climate has changed, different natural disasters
have occurred (earthquakes, seaquakes. hurricanes and forest fires)

*CAUSES:

-The most important cause of climate change is air pollution. This occur
because of the cars’ smoke and the pollution of factories. We can stop
using public transport and obtaining energy using renewable energy
(hydraulic energy or wind power).

-It isn’t only caused by environment, humans also have faults for
climate change and pollution, because we produce millions tons of
waste and rubbish every day and as we don’t recycle, all of them goes to
the sea. Besides, sometimes people don’t know what kind of material
can be recycled, because companies don’t specify on labels in which bins
we should throw them away and what parts can be recycled.

*CONSEQUENCES: Diseases (asthma, cancer or difficulties to take pure

air (breath problems) in world populations and in wind life and
vegetation and animal extinction.

*SOLUTION: Put in practice the rule of 3R (Reduce, Reuse and Recycle).

*CONCLUSION: I think if the situation don’t change, we can expect in

fifty or sixty years the world extinction. We should put in practice the
tips that I have just say you.
JOBS
*INTRODUCTION: Find a job is a very difficult task and sometimes give
us a few headaches, because companies demand a lot of skills and
qualifications. For example, a university degree or a vocational training
course, computer, social and communication skills, work experience and
to speak 2 or 3 languages, such as, Basque, English and Chinese.

If you have more or less these requirements and if you write in your CV,
you’ll probably have many job offers.

-Working conditions have changed a lot if we compare now and past

periods. Currently, we can earn more money and the work schedule is
better, because now only have to work 8 hours a day. Also, we can have
summer, Easter and Christmas holiday during the year. However, in the
past they had to work 10 hours a day without any break and their salary
was lower.

*EXAMPLE: I studied a Vocational Training Course in Administration and

when I did my work intetship my workmates told me to have different
qualifications and work experience before working was very important if
you want to find a good job.

*CONCLUSION: I think to have different skills and qualifications is a very

useful, because these things are making the difference with the rest
people who want to get the same job as you. In addition, if you have
social and communication skill, you have got more facilities during your
job interview.

Apart from that, when you have doubts about which job to choose,
follow my suggestion: “Choose the job that has better working
conditions”.
CRAMMING THE EVENIG BEFORE AN EXAM
*INTRODUCTION: Students from different countries around the world
use different methods to study for school or university exams.

-The vast majority prefer to study two or three weeks in advance, but the
rest choose to study all the information before the day of the exam.

-A recent survey done to Oxford University students shows what the

advantages and disadvantages of cramming evening before an exam
are.

*ADVANTAGES: If we study using this technique, we’ll only remember

the most important information to pass the exam. However, for people
who work full time, it’s easier study for just one day than to spend many
days and weeks studying.

*DISADVANTAGES: Studying all the information in a few hours is a very

complicated and hard task and we probably won’t have enough time to
study it all.

-Some expect suggest that spending a lot of hours studying without

sleeping well and doing a break can result in lack of concentration and
we shouldn’t review before an exam, because we can put nervous and
this can produce confusion.

*CONCLUSITION/SOLUTION: Studying little by little in different days is

much more effective than spending six or seven hours studying, because
in this way we can learn about the subject and not only
study the information.
BENEFITS OF HAVING PETS
*INTRODUCTION: It is a very common or normal situation to have pets
in a house. The most typical animals are domestic ones, like dogs, cats,
birds, fish and rabbits.

-However, other people prefer to have exotic animals in their home,

such as, snakes, spiders, lizards and chameleons. These pets want more
care than other types of animals, because they are more delicate, they
need a special habitat to live and they can be dangerous for humans.

*BENEFITS TO HAVE CATS OR DOGS IN A HOUSE:

-Mental health benefits: We feel always in company and this situation

produce less mind stress and anxiety or depression attacks. Also, we can
improve our social and communication skill and control our weight,
because while we walk with our pet in the park, we can meet and talk
with other people who also have pets.

-Physical health benefits: We can have less allergies and heart or

cholesterol diseases. Moreover, we can sleep better and if we have
anxiety or stress attack, touching the hair of our pet, we can reduce our
heart bits.

*DISADVANTAGES: Pick up the poops from the ground, the prices of

animals food, toys and vet visits are very expensive.

*CONCLUSION: Having a pet is a very good therapy for people who have
mental diseases or feel alone. Besides, we don’t forget to have a pet is a
very important and hard responsibility.
BULLYING
*INTRODUCTION: Bullying is one of the biggest worries of pre-teens and
teenagers life today. Because of this, children sometimes don’t go to the
school and have anxiety and depression attacks.

-It is a very serious and important problem.

*EXAMPLE: In my case, when I was a child and when I went to high

school, I received a lot of insults for getting good marks at school
subjects and my classmates called me brainy and Wikipedia with legs.
Apart from that, I have always been ashamed of the hair on my arms and
they used to use this to laugh at me. Nowadays, I have overcame it, but
unfortunately I know people who aren’t as lucky as me and they take
their own lives.

-In my country, the most typical type of bullying in boys is homophobia

and in girls is weight and the way to dress. This usually produce in young
people during their high school studies.

*CONCLUSION/SOLUTION: It is very important to avoid bullying offering

conferences in schools about why it is essential to stop bullying and what
the consequences to victims are. In one sentence. It is a thing that we
can stop altogether.
DIET
*INTRODUCTION: Some people have many doubts about what the best
diet to be healthy is.

-A recent research done to (WHO) World Organization of Heath

suggested that the one of the best diet was Mediterranean, because in
this diet eating different types of food (meet, fish, pasta, rice, fruits and
vegetables in the correct quantity) we can have all nutrients and vitamins
that our body need.

*DIFFERENT TYPES OF DIETS:

-American diet it is less healthy than Mediterranean, because USA
people only eat and fast food (burgers and pizza) and drink sugar drinks
(Coke). The most important problem in this diet is obesity, cholesterol,
diabetes and heart attacks.

-Vegetarian and vegan diet are very different. In the case of Vegetarian,
people apart from eating fruits and vegetables, they can eat some meet
and fish. However, vegans only can eat fruit and vegetable and they
mustn’t eat any product come from animals. (Eggs, cheese and milk). To
obtain other nutrients that their body need, they must take a pill.

-In my case I follow the Mediterranean diet, because from my point of

view is the best diet to be healthy eating different meals.

-Some experts suggest that we should do 5 meals during a day, because

if we only do 2 or 3 meals our metabolism works more slowly and we can
rise our weight.

*CONCLUSION: The most balance diet is Mediterranean for all reasons

and examples that I have just explained. Nevertheless, other diets can
turn into a healthy diet if we eat food in the correct quantities and with
control.
CARING FOR OTHERS
*INTRODUCTION: In different parts of the world caring for others is one
of the important aspect of responsible citizenry.

-There are many ways to help others (turning into volunteers at nursing
homes, sending food and medicaments to people who are in the war, like
to Ukraine people and collaborating with UNICEF).

-It is important to care old people offering our company and doing
different activities, for instance, read a book, play board games, paint a
cartoon…

*EXAMPLE: My grandparent is in a nursing home and I usually go to visit

him for not feel alone. I do different activities with him to train his
memory (questions about his life, Sudoku...)

*SOLUTION: Explain this necessity to young people offering conferences

in schools explaining why is important to care and what benefits have
help others.

Besides, at home parents can put them videos on YouTube, because

perhaps for children can be much easier to understand.

*CONCLUSION: We should become in a volunteer and help others,

because we don’t know when we have to any necessity.
SHOPPING
*INTRODUCTION: More and more people have doubts about where and
how to make their purchase; doing online shopping or going to
supermarket and specific local shops.

To resolve these doubts I am going to explain you some advantages and

disadvantages about online shops, supermarkets and specific local shops.

-Online shops:
(+) The prices are cheaper than in supermarkets, we can buy from our
home wearing a pyjama every days and hours and there are many
bargains and deals.

(-) We can’t try on the clothes or shoes, touch the texture and quality of
clothes, shoes and food and sometimes, we don’t find the correct size.

-Supermarkets:
(+) We can buy different products in the same place (food, beauty and
cleaning products, drinks...).

(-) The prices are more expensive than buying on the Internet.

-Specific local shops:

(+ / -) The quality of products are better than in supermarkets, but we
waste many time because we have to go to different shops if we want to
buy different products. (baker’s, butcher’s, fishmonger’s...)

-Shopping in sales: Sometimes shops increase their prices and we have

to pay more money for the same item than in their real value.

*CONCLUSION: We should write on a paper what thing we need to buy

before go to the supermarket and we ought to do a budget every month
about our life’s necessities, specifying what amount of money we are
going to spend in different categories.
MOVILES PHONES AT THE SCHOOL
*INTRODUCTION: More and more students use their mobile phones at
school during their classes.

-A recent survey done to Oxford University Phycologist suggested that

the 62% of young people were addicted to this electronic device. For this
reason, they need to use it every time.

-The most important cause that children use mobile phones during
classes is that they don’t pay attention in class and as they have
concentration problems, they don’t pass the exams.

*SOLUTION: Schools should put more strict rules and take more
measures to stop and avoid this situation.

-If the teacher finds a child using a mobile phone, they should call to
their parents and explain the situation. At home, parents ought to put a
punishment to understand the lesson.

-Before start the class, teacher can take a cardboard box and put inside
all mobile phones and throw them back at the end of the class.

*CONCLUSION: The inadequate use of mobile phone has turned into a

very serious problem and if we don’t change the situation, a number of
addicted people are going to continue increasing.
HOBBIES
*INTRODUCTION: It is very normal or common situation to have
different hobbies in our life. The most typical are painting, reading a
book, dancing, doing active exercises in the gym, going shopping,
listening music...

-However, other people prefer to do different, dangerous or strange

hobbies. For example, hockey, surf, boxing or collect bags from shops or
sells from the beach.

*EXAMPLES:
-In my case, now I like to do hand crafts, paint mandalas and read a
book. Nevertheless, in the past I used to dance ballet in the dance
academy, but I had to leave it because I needed more time to study.

-My father used to draw and paint cartoons, but now he prefer going to
the mountains and find mushrooms.

-Other hobbies can be watched a TV series or a films in a cinema, played

board games in family or took photos. But they are very different the
activities that doing in summer or winter, due to the climate. For
example, in summer we can go to the mountain and prepare a picnic
with our family in natural space and in winter we can read a book or play
board games inside our house.

*CONCLUSION: In my opinion, to have a hobby it is very essential in our

life, because during these type of activities we can reduce mind stress,
anxiety and depression attacks. Also, we can meet and know new
people while we are practicing our hobbies.
MUSIC
*INTRODUCTION: It is a very common or normal situation to watch
people with headphones or earphones walking for the street and
listening to music in their smartphones.

-A resent research done to Oxford University psychologist shows that the

75% of young people need to listen to music for studying, doing active
exercises and relaxing their mind before classes or work.

-Moreover, it is also beneficial for old people who have alzheimer or

dementia; because listening specific song, they are able to remember
their special or important moment of their lives.

-But not only occur this situation in old people, also can be occur in
young people.

*EXAMPLE: When I play songs of Hannah Montana TV series, I

remembered when I was a child, I used to sing these songs in front of the
mirror and I spent a wonderful time.

-Apart from that there are many types of music (reggaeton, pop, rock
and roll, classical or piano music, jazz, disco, techno…) and a lot of ways
to play it.

*EXAMPLE: In my case, I like listening pop and reguetton in the case of I

want to dance or motivate. However, if I need relax my mind, I love
listening classical or piano music.

-According to the ways to play music have changed a lot if we compare

now and past periods. In the past, people used to use CD’s, vinyls or
cassettes. Nowadays, we use smartphones or computers and we search
song on YouTube.

*CONCLUSION: It is very beneficial to reduce stress and to give us a

motivation shot.
MONEY
*INTRODUCTION: Nowadays, it is a known fact that the Spain economy is
suffering a very bad situation due to the Coronavirus pandemic and
Ukraine and Palestine wars.

-Although people’s salaries are higher, they aren’t enough to pay house
bills (mortgage, light and water bills) and to buy food (prices are more
expensive now than in two or three years ago).

*DIFFERENT TYPES OF MONEY/WAYS TO PAY

-Cash (coins and bills), Electronic money (bitcoins…)
-The most common ways are Cash, PayPal, Bizum and Credit/Devit card.

(ADVANTAGES: Take up less space than coins or bills and they are more
comfortable to pay)

(DISADVANTAGE: Higher probability of being hacked)

*3 DIFFERENT TYPES OF PEOPLE

-(SHOPAHOLIC) Spend a lot of money on things that they don’t need to
live.(clothes, jewels, technology gadgets…)

-(WHO LIVE EXPERIENCES) Spend money on traveling or doing

entertainment activities (go to the cinema, museums, theme parks ,
restaurants…)

-(SAVERS) Save money on the banks and only they use it when they have
some difficulties (lose their job, pay medical treatments or the stay of a
family member in a nursing home…)

*OPINION: I am not very saver because sometimes I buy things that they
don’t need. I consider I am a bit shopaholic. (Example)

*CONCLUSION: It is important to control the money through bank

accounts or doing a budget every months including what amount of
money goes to paying household bills and how much money we can
spend on our free time.
THE FASHION WORLD
*INTRODUCTION: In different parts of the world fashion is one of the
biggest aspects of our life, because the way to dress reflect our economy
level and what type of life we have.

-Paris is the birthplace of fashion and here we can learn about this. Also,
there are many catwalks where we can take ideas to improve our style.

*DIFFERENT STYLES
-Casual, Gothic, Classic, Hippie and Old money.

-In my case I consider my style sometimes casual and other times old
money, this is depend on the situation.

-My favorite colors to wear in fall or winter are grey, dark red and grey
and in summer or spring are fuchsia and baby blue. I feel this colors are
the best for me because they combine with my colorimetry.

*POSITIVE/NEGATIVE ASPECTS OF FOLLOWING FASHION

-(+) The opportunity to fill in the social group and find clothes in different
shops is easy.

-(-) Don’t reflect our personality, All people wear the same clothes and as
the tendencies past very quickly, we need to buy more clothes and spend
more money.

*OPINION: It is important to have our own dress style, because

sometimes we buy clothes that we don’t like enough but as it is tendency
we feel the necessity to wear.

*CONCLUSION: My suggestion is that we should wear clothes that we

like and only take ideas from influencers, TV adverts, catwalks or fashion
magazines. But don't try to copy because perhaps we might lose our
identity.
MEANS OF TRANSPORT
*INTRODUCTION: The way to transport are changed a lot if we compare
past and present periods.

-Past: People had to travel using horses carriages or wood boats. (waste
many hours and days to arrive at their destination.)

-Present: A lot of means of transport (public (underground, bus,

taxi…)and private (car, motorbike, bicycle…) transports) .

-Future: Due to the technology researches, new means of transport are

appearing like flying cars and teleportation machines.

*FAVORITE MEANS OF TRANSPORT:

-Car, bus and underground: I feel more security sensation when I travel in
a mean with it goes on the road.

*POLLUTION:
-Cars and planes are one consequence of the climate change, greenhouse
effect and the pollution in the environment.

-Solution: Reduce our carbon footprint using planes and cars when it is
very necessary (in specific situations). If we must go to a nearly place, we
should use bicycle or go for walking.

-It is a good alternative or opption to sustitute petrol from electricity and

other gases. In this way, we can reduce the environment pollution. For
governments is much cheaper use petrol than other green alternatives.

*CONCLUSION: The ways to travel are improving because they are more
comfortable to travel long or short distances and we can reduce the time
to travel. Also, they are appearing new options to remove fossil fuels.
PLASTIC SURGERIES
*INTRODUCTION: It is very common to see people in the street that they
have got some aesthetic touches. But women are the part of the
population that they have more worries about their signs of ageing. To
combat these signs they turn to plastic surgeon.

*MOST COMMON AESTHETIC TOUTHES IN SPAIN:

-Women: Liposuction (remove body fats), Botox (take away face
wrinkles), Hyaluronic acid in lips (put more bigger) and increase the size
of boobs.

-Men: prevent alopecia (put more hair in the heard)

*YOUNG PEOPLE (PRE-TEENS AND TEENAGERS) TAKE AS EXAMPLE

CELEBRITIES BEHAVIOURS
-Famous people are normalizing these behaviors thorough social media
(Instagram, YouTube) and TV advertisements.

-Children would like to have the same body and the same face as
celebrities.

*CONSEQUESNCES: Die in the operation room (Some places do not have

a god equipment to do plastic surgeries with security.)

(Example: The prices of surgeries are cheaper in Turkey than in Spain, but
the operation rooms are filthy and the equipment is old and antiquated).

*CONCLUSION/OPINION: I do not recommend aesthetic surgeries,

because they are not secure for our life. Only if we have same illness or if
it is necessary to improve our health or life conditions.
ADDICTIONS
*INTRODUCTION: In many parts of the world addictions are became in a
very serious and important problem for world citizenry, because they can
affect both men, women, young and elderly people.

*TYPES OF ADDICTIONS: In 21st century, the most common type of

addictions are drugs (fentanyl, marihuana, cocaine and same
medicaments like antidepressants, alcohol drinks, electronic gadgets and
games of luck).

Example: We can find different types of games inside of this addiction,

such as, slot machines, cards, bingo and roulette.

*PEOPLES LIFE: As I have just said at the beginning of my presentation

addictions can affect and interference our life.

Example: Playing in games of luck we might lose all of our money, have a
psychologist illness.

*SYMPTOMS: We can feel more anxious, lose the capacity to concentrate

in work tasks and we will have to have the necessity to continue with
these addictive conducts.

*STOP BEHAVIOURS:
-Find help in the phycologist
-Do active exercises, because if we practice some sport, our body
produce the happy hormones and we will feel more happy and relaxed.

*CONCLUSION:
-It is very important to find help in a mental specialist.
-If we do not put all our efforts in reduce these addictive conducts,
although to go to the psychologist, we might not cure.