CML Microcircuits Analogue Radio ICs

COMMUNICATION SEMICONDUCTORS
Two-Way Radio Baseband Processor ICs

INV/Two-Way/Analogue/3 www.cmlmicro.com

The CML Family of Analogue Radio ICs

CMX7031 Two-Way Radio Processor/4-Level FSK Modem/ CMX7031 CMX7041 CMX808A CMX838 CMX881 CMX882
C4FM Modem - with RF Support ®
FirmASIC Product ✔ ✔

CMX7041 Two-Way Radio Processor/4-Level FSK Modem/ Function Image™ FI-1.x FI-2.x FI-3.x FI-1.x FI-2.x FI-3.x
C4FM Modem C-BUS Control ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔

CMX881 Baseband Processor for PMR and Trunked Radios Audio Processing ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔

CMX882 Baseband Processor, with GPS Data Transport for Sub Audio . . .

CTCSS ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔
FRS, MURS, PMR446 and GMRS ‘Leisure’ Radios
DCS ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔

CMX838 FRS/PMR446/GMRS ‘Family Radio’ Processor
In-Band . . .

CMX808A CTCSS ‘Type 2’ Encoder/Decoder DTMF ✔ ✔ ✔

Selcall ✔ ✔ ✔

Audio Tones ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔
A versatile collection of audio, signalling and data ICs to cater to the needs of
XTCSS ✔ ✔ ✔
most analogue radio systems.
Data . . .
Ranging from the simple CTCSS codec to the highly integrated multi-function
FFSK/MSK ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔
FirmASIC ® based products, the CMX7031 and CMX7041, at least one of
Marine DSC FSK ✔ ✔
the products showcased in this document is suitable for your two-way radio
design. NWR SAME AFSK Rx ✔ ✔

4-Level FSK ✔ ✔

C4FM ✔ ✔

Aux Functions . . .

DAC ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔

ADC ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔

System Clocks ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔

RF Support . . .

RF Synthesiser/s ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔

Two-Way Radio Processor ICs

- Professional and Semi-Professional PMR, LMR, P25 and Trunked Systems -
- Leisure: FRS, GMRS, MURS and PMR446 -
- Marine VHF, Aviation Comms, Amateur and Weather Radio -
The CML Advantage

High Integration Supports Multiple On-chip Functions
CML in Analogue Radio
Voice, Signalling and Data ICs for Two-Way Radio Equipment

Baseband Audio, Signalling, Data and RF Functions

Multiple Functions Reduce Final Component Count

Integral C-BUS Instruction Set and On-chip Signal

Manipulation Reduce Host µC Overhead
The CMX7031: A versatile IC based on FirmASIC® technology offering either full-feature baseband (voice,

C-BUS Serial Interface Compatible with Most signalling and data) processing, 4-level FSK freeformat/packet data or C4FM data, depending on the
Serial Port Systems
choice of Function Image™. Auxiliary ADCs, DACs, RF synthesisers and system clocks are included.

FirmASIC ® Component Technology

Comprehensive Application Support The CMX7041: A versatile IC based on FirmASIC® technology offering either full-feature baseband
- Evaluation and Demonstration Kits (voice, signalling and data) processing, 4-level FSK freeformat/packet data or C4FM data, depending
- CML Website: www.cmlmicro.com
on the choice of Function Image™. Auxiliary ADCs, DACs and system clocks are included.
- Datasheets, User Manuals and Application Notes
- Help Desk Support on Three Continents
The CMX881: A baseband audio, signalling and data processor for PMR and trunked radios. Voice, sub-

Low-power Requirements with Dynamic Powersave
audio and inband signalling work alongside a 1200/2400 bps freeformat modem. The IC’s operations
Features
are supported by an on-chip auxiliary ADC.

Compact Packages Reduce PCB Footprint
The CMX882: A baseband audio, signalling and data processor for leisure-type radios. Voice, sub-audio
and inband signalling are available, with a 1200/2400 bps packet and freeformat modem for system
CONTENTS set-up, wireless data and GPS data transport. The IC’s operations are supported by an on-chip auxiliary
CMX7031 and CMX7041 ADC.

Block Diagrams 3 and 4

Audio Processing 5
The CMX838: A wide-ranging CTCSS processor with full-feature audio processor, audio call-tone

Signalling 6 and 7
generator and RF synthesiser.

Data Functions 8 and 9

Signal Interfacing 10
The CMX808A: A CTCSS encoder/decoder with flexible sub-audio configurations, including Tone Clone™

Auxiliary Functions
and Synthesisers 11 capabilities. A voiceband filter is selectable to both Rx and Tx paths.

Function Images™
and System Control 12
CMX881 and CMX882 13
CMX838 14
CMX808A 15
Product Evaluation 16
FirmASIC®
CML’s proprietary FirmASIC® component technology reduces cost, time to market and development risk,
with increased flexibility for the designer and end application. FirmASIC® combines Analogue, Digital,
www.cmlmicro.com Firmware and Memory technologies in a single silicon platform that can be focused to deliver the right
feature mix, performance and price for a target application family.
2
CMX7031 and CMX7041 Two-Way Radio Processors (Function Image™ 1.x)
. . . the platform approach to saving cost, time and space in two-way radio designs

Analogue Digital Boot Xtal or Clock C-BUS

Supply Supply Settings Input Serial Interface Features
CTCSS

Built on FirmASIC® Technology
EEPROM DCS Mux

Half-Duplex Operation
Interface
XTCSS
Mux
MOD 1 OUT

Complete Audio Processing


Bias Reg. Boot Xtal C-BUS Interface
Control Oscillator Selectable Audio Filter/Process
Programmable Tone
EEPROM
SPI Port
Registers
Selectable Single/Two-Point Element Sequence Setting


Selcall Tx Mod
Main Clock
Digital PLL
Power Control Mode and I and Q Concurrent Sub-audio and
Two-Tone Paging Select
Internal Systems
Modulation Outputs Inband Signalling
Control

SYSTEM CONTROL DTMF
Mux Tone Squelch Signalling


TRANSMIT FUNCTIONS Freeformat/Packet MOD 2 OUT
Baseband Signal FFSK/MSK
Mux Inband Signalling
FFSK/MSK or
Inputs Modulator

Marine DSC FSK

Input 2
XTCSS Combination Signalling
I/P 1 (MIC)
Mux
Pre-
Emphasis Compress Scramble 300Hz Filter
Voice LPF
and
Soft Limiter

1200/2400 bps FFSK/MSK Data
Modem


Rx AUDIO OUT
I/P 2 (AUX)
Analogue Mux Voice LPF 300Hz Filter De-Scramble Expand
De- Mux Raw and Formatted (Marine) DSC Data
Emphasis
Routing
Modes
Input 1 Freeformat/Packet
FFSK/MSK System
NWR SAME AFSK Demodulator
I/p 3 (DISC) or
Clock


Bandpass
Mux Filter
Demodulator Marine DSC FSK
or Outputs NWR WAT Detector
NWR SAME


System Clock 1
GPIO 1 RECEIVE FUNCTIONS
RF Synthesisers: 100MHz to 600MHz
GPIO 2
CTCSS
System Clock 2 (CMX7031 only)


Lowpass
GPIO A GPIO Mux
Filter DCS
Synthesiser
Reference Clock PLL


GPIO B
XTCSS Interfaces Auxiliary ADCs and DACs
(RAMDAC) Programmable Tone
Synthesiser 1 (with optional RAMDAC)
DAC 1
Aux DAC 1 Ramp Profile RAM

Selcall

Programmable System Clocks
DAC 2
Aux DAC 2 Mux Highpass
Filter
GPIO Port/s
Two-Tone Paging

DAC 3
Aux DAC 3
Synthesiser 2

Flexible Single/Two-Point and
DTMF
Aux DAC 4 I and Q Tx Modulation Outputs
DAC 4

AUXILIARY FUNCTIONS
Function Upgrade Flexibility

Aux ADC 1
Averaging
via FirmASIC ® Technology
ADC I/P 1 Thresholds
Fun

C-BUS Serial Interface
ADC I/P 2 Mux ction
Customisation Options
Imag
ADC I/P 3 Averaging
e TM

ADC I/P 4
Aux ADC 2 FI -1
.x
VQFN and LQFP Packaging


Thresholds
Supply Requirement Range:
3.0 to 3.6 V

Package Styles -40º to +85ºC

Series Variants
CMX7031L9 64-pin LQFP
The block diagram illustrates the functions available from the CMX7031 and CMX7041 ICs with Function Image™ 1.x loaded.
Functions in black are common to both products; dotted functions in red on the diagram are specific to products as detailed below: CMX7031Q1 64-pin VQFN
Integer-N RF Synthesisers -
Two of these are available on the CMX7031 but are excluded from the CMX7041. CMX7041L4 48-pin LQFP
General Purpose Interfaces - CMX7041Q3 48-pin VQFN
These GPIO interfaces (CMX7031 = 2 : CMX7041 = 4), which are currently unused, offer future customisation possibilities.
3
CMX7031 and CMX7041 Data Processing Functions
. . . flexible modems for 4-Level FSK Baseband Modem (Function Image™ 2.x)
data-over-radio operations C4FM Baseband Modem (Function Image™ 3.x) Features

Built on FirmASIC® Technology
Analogue Digital Boot Xtal or Clock C-BUS
Half-Duplex 4-Level FSK Modem
Supply Supply Settings Input Serial Interface (FI-2.x)

Half-Duplex C4FM Modem
EEPROM (FI-3.x)
MOD 1 OUT
Interface
Bias Reg. Boot Xtal C-BUS Interface
Control Oscillator

EEPROM

Selectable Data Rates of
Registers
Selectable Single/Two-Point
SPI Port Tx Mod
Mode 4800 and 9600 bps
Main Clock and I and Q


Power Control Select
Digital PLL
Modulation Outputs Raw (Freeformat) Data Modes
Internal Systems
SYSTEM CONTROL
Control

Selectable Automatic Preamble and
Baseband Signal
MOD 2 OUT Frame-Sync Operations
Tx DATA FUNCTIONS C4FM


Tx Data Raised
RF Synthesisers: 100MHz to 600MHz
-1
Inputs Buffer FI-3.0
4-Level
Modulator
Cosine
Sinc
Filter
FI-3.0
Filter

I/P 1 (CMX7031 only)

AUDIO OUT

Three Selectable Analogue Inputs
Tx DATA FUNCTIONS 4-Level FSK
Tone
Generator
Flexible Single/Two-Point and
I/P 2
Analogue
Routing
FI-2.0 4-LFSK
Modulator
Sinc
Filter
RRC
Filter
FI-2.0 I and Q Tx Modulation Outputs
Raw Data
Input 1
Programmable Comfort Tones via
System
I/P 3 Clock Audio Output


Rx DATA FUNCTIONS C4FM Test Mode Outputs
Rx Eye
System Clock 1
GPIO Port/s
GPIO 1/
Tx Enable
FI-3.0
Sinc
Auxiliary ADCs and DACs
Filter
GPIO 2/
Rx Enable
FI Configured
I/O
AFSD System Clock 2
(with optional RAMDAC)
GPIO A
GPIO FI-2.0 Synthesiser
Reference Clock PLL
Rx Data Interfaces


Demodulator
GPIO B Raw Data
FI-3.0 Buffer
Programmable System Clocks
(RAMDAC)
Synthesiser 1

Function Upgrade Flexibility
Aux DAC 1 Ramp Profile RAM Rx DATA FUNCTIONS 4-Level FSK AFSD
DAC 1 via FirmASIC® Technology
DAC 2
Aux DAC 2 RRC
Filter
Sinc
Filter
-1

4-LFSK

C-BUS Serial Interface
FI-2.0


Demodulator
DAC 3
Aux DAC 3 Raw Data
Synthesiser 2 Customisation Options
DAC 4
Aux DAC 4
Rx Eye

VQFN and LQFP Packaging
AUXILIARY FUNCTIONS Test Mode

Low-Power Operation
Internal Signal

Averaging
Supply Requirement Range:

Aux ADC 1
TM
3.0 to 3.6 V
ADC I/P 1 Thresholds
e Fun
mag ctio
ion I
Mux
ADC I/P 2
nct Ima n
Averaging Fu FI - ge
ADC I/P 3
.x
FI -2
TM

ADC I/P 4
Aux ADC 2
Thresholds
3.x

Package Styles -40º to +85ºC

Series Variants
The block diagram illustrates the functions available from the CMX7031 and CMX7041 ICs with Function Image™ 2.x or 3.x loaded. CMX7031L9 64-pin LQFP
Functions in black are common to both products; dotted functions in red on the diagram are specific to products as detailed below:
CMX7031Q1 64-pin VQFN
Integer-N RF Synthesisers -
Two of these are available on the CMX7031 but are excluded from the CMX7041. CMX7041L4 48-pin LQFP
General Purpose Interfaces -
CMX7041Q3 48-pin VQFN
These GPIO interfaces (CMX7031 = 2 : CMX7041 = 4), which offer FI configured operations.

4
Audio Processing (Function Image™ 1.x)
Audio Functions

CMX7031 and CMX7041

The audio signal can be processed in a multitude of ways, depending on the implementation/s required. When configured for operation, to minimise the operating
power requirement, all unused functions can be disabled and powered-down.

Voiceband Processing Operations

Half duplex operation
Programmable soft Tx voiceband limiter to reduce effects of
over-modulation Fun

Flexible routing architecture permits concurrent signal ction
processing
Rx and Tx channel filtering compliant with ETS-300-086 and
Imag
FI -1 e TM

Separate Rx and Tx channels TIA/EIA-603 specifications .x

Selectable audio filter/process sequence setting
Selectable Rx voiceband filter with sub-audio rejection
properties

Selectable pre- and de-emphasis filter stages

Selectable ‘syllabic’ compression and expansion

Host controlled VOGAD feature in microphone input stage

Selectable, programmable-point frequency-inversion audio

Rx and Tx channel filtering selectable to 12.5kHz and 25kHz
scrambler/descrambler
channels

Software ‘volume’ control

Audio Filter Sequence Setting

A unique feature of these two ICs, when employed as a full feature basbend processor, (FI-1.x) is the flexibility to set the configuration of the filter/process
elements within each (Rx or Tx) signal path via the IC’s programming register. The diagrams below show both a default and an alternative example of a
programmed configuration.
MOD 1 OUT
This feature is provided to allow the designer to optimise the signal-to-noise performance of any particular radio’s hardware design. Mux

Tx Mod
Mode Tx Outputs
From multiplexed inband and sub-audio signalling channels Select

Mux
MOD 2 OUT
Mux

I/P 1 Input 2
Pre- Voice LPF
Mux Emphasis Compress Scramble 300Hz Filter and
Soft Limiter

Rx AUDIO OUT
I/P 2
De- Mux
Analogue Mux Voice LPF 300Hz Filter De-Scramble Expand Emphasis
Routing

Receive Functions
Input 1

I/P 3

The Rx and Tx voice signalling paths shown above illustrate the CMX7031 and CMX7041 default configuration (FI-1.x).
The diagram below shows an example of an alternative configuration.
Baseband Signal Inputs
To Rx and Tx signalling paths From Tx Voice Mux Voice LPF
Pre-
Compress Scramble 300Hz Filter and
Emphasis
Soft Limiter

De-
Voice LPF 300Hz Filter De-Scramble Expand
Emphasis
From Rx Voice Mux

5
 Signalling (Function Image™ 1.x)
In the case of both Rx and Tx signalling sections, when suitably configured by the relevant Function Image™, these products offer a complete and comprehensive Inband Signalling
suite of inband, sub-audio and combination signalling functions, all to run concurrently with voiceband audio operations.
DTMF
CMX7031 and CMX7041

Programmable Single or Dual Tones

Selcall
Inband Signalling
These two ICs, when configured by FI-1.x, support Selcall, two-tone paging, DTMF and Sub-audio Signalling
user-programmable inband tones in the range 288 to 3000 Hz.
CT CSS

DCS
The CMX7031 and CMX7041 implement QTC coding; by default, on-power-up, the IC will load the EEA Selcall tone-set, but, to remain compatible with all
available tone systems in use, this may be overwritten, by the host, with any valid set of tones in the in-band range. Combination Signalling

XTCSS
Adjustable decoder bandwidths and threshold levels are programmable to allow the user to trade-off decode performance against local environmental
conditions.

Mod 1 (Tx) Signal

Signal inputs from audio process and Tx out circuits Rx (Audio) Out

Mux

Rx data
C-BUS

Selectable Inband Signal Processing Modes

Signal inputs from input routing and gain circuits

Rx and Tx Dual-Tone Multi-Frequency (DTMF)

Programmable encoder/decoders
- Selcall (EEA tone-set default)
Sub-Audio Signalling CTCSS
- Single or dual tone audio (288Hz to 3000Hz)
Lowpass
Mux
Filter DCS
Receive Functions
Pre-programmed XTCSS with 4-tone inband addressing
XTCSS
National Weather Radio (NWR) 1050Hz Warning Alarm Tone (WAT)
detection

Programmable Tone

In-Band Signalling
Selcall
Highpass
Mux
Filter
Two-Tone Paging

DTMF

Fun
ction
NWR Weather Radio Reception Imag
FI -1 e TM

Support is provided for the US National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA) weather radio systems, offering Warning Alarm Tone detection (WAT) via .x
the inband signalling stages, and Specific Area Message Encoding (SAME) data demodulation and detection via a dedicated AFSK demodulator.
NWR monitoring can be selected and performed in parallel with existing radio operations.

DTMF Encoding and Decoding

These ICs are pre-programmed with the standard DTMF tone set for Rx and Tx operation. The transmission of (a pair of) single tones can be enabled. In addition,
twist parameters can be adjusted. Selcall and sub-audio or voice audio or data can be processed in parallel.

6
 Signal inputs from Tx audio processing circuits

CMX7031 and CMX7041

Sub-Audio Signal Processing

51 tone CTCSS codec
Tx Modem Data Function

0°/120°/180° CTCSS phase-shift generation (Tx)
Mod 1 Out
Mux

0°/120°/180° CTCSS phase-shift detection (Rx)
Mux

Tone Clone™ compatibility
Programmable Tone
Programmable 23/24 bit DCS codec with ‘true’ and inverse
modulation formats
Transmit Functions
Selcall Tx Mod
Mode

DCS end-of-transmission ‘off’ 134Hz tone-burst feature

XTCSS sub-audio component encoding and decoding
Two-Tone Paging

DTMF

Mod 2 Out
CTCSS Mux

DCS Mux

C-BUS
XTCSS

To Rx Output Stage

CTCSS Tone Clone™

Tone Cloning™ is a process of automating the configuration of Family Radio type radios, especially when using radios from different vendors.
A radio that supports Tone Cloning™ can copy over-air (clone) the CTCSS tone/s used by another radio. The CMX7031 and CMX7041 (FI-1.x), CMX882, CMX838 and CMX808A can be configured to support Tone
Cloning™ operations.

XTCSS Combination Signalling

PTT Many CTCSS channels can be employed in a single RF channel. Within the ‘leisure radio’ environment there is always the possiblity that other
in-range users will use the same, standard sub-audio tone, therefore causing interference and loss of privacy.
The implementation of XTCSS, an in-band tone and sub-audio signalling combination, provides, currently, up to 99 additional private channels
Tx RF within the single RF channel. The use of XTCSS signalling prevents ‘squelch breakthrough’ caused by other common-channel users.

Tx XTCSS sub-audio

non-standard ‘CTCSS’ tone (64.7Hz) special to XTCSS employed as a holding tone

XTCSS
Tx XTCSS inband
Provides secure and private voice communications
Start End of Message
Pre-programmed XTCSS and inband tone codec
(optional)


4 sequential tones
Over-air configuration and addressing via 4-tone (inband) signalling
A0 A1 S0 S1
Command Tones
XTCSS (64.7Hz) Holding Tone available in CTCSS cache
Code Tones -Compress
99 addresses -Contact Check, etc
Provides up to 99 additional ‘private’ channels
configuration decode configuration decode
Rx XTCSS inband

Operation . . .
address decode address decode
At the start of an ‘over’, the initial in-band bits (tones) (A0, A1, S0, S1) select the address and set up the chosen operational
configuration
sub-audio decode de-respond
Rx XTCSS sub-audio detect
During the ‘over’, a non-standard (64.7Hz) sub-audio tone holds the channel open
At the end of the ‘over’, the sub-audio holding tone is dropped and, if required, the channel re-configured to a new or default mode.
open channel
hold open
close channel XTCSS parameters and operating functions are controlled by on-chip registers
Rx Audio and Data Channel

7
CMX7031 and CMX7041 Data Functions

Selected signals to voice Rx DATA FUNCTIONS FFSK/MSK/DSC

and signal stages Freeformat/Packet
FI-1.x FFSK/MSK
Bandpass or
Mux Filter Demodulator
FI-1.x Marine DSC FSK
or

FI-1.x
FI-1.x NWR SAME

FI-1.x

Input 2
I/P 1 (MIC)
Rx DATA FUNCTIONS C4FM Test Mode to Tx Mode Select
Rx Eye
FI-1.x
Sinc
FI-1.x FI-3.x
Filter
I/P 2 (AUX) AFSD

Analogue
Routing

Demodulator Rx Data
FI-3.x
Buffer
Input 1
FI-3.x Raw Data

I/p 3 (DISC)
FI-2.x To Rx Data Buffer
Rx DATA FUNCTIONS 4-Level FSK
AFSD

-1
RRC Sinc
Filter Filter 4-LFSK
FI-2.x
Demodulator Raw Data

FI-1.x

FI-1.x Rx Eye
FI-2.x Test Mode to Tx Mode Select

Selected signals to voice

and signal stages
Tx DATA FUNCTIONS FFSK/MSK, DSC Freeformat/Packet
To Tx Mod Mode
Select circuits
FFSK/MSK
FFSK/MSK
or
Modulator
Marine DSC FSK
FI-1.x
FI-1.x
On-chip Data Bus

Wireless Data Modes To Tx Mod Mode

Select circuits
Tx DATA FUNCTIONS C4FM
FFSK/MSK and 4-Level
Raised
Sinc
-1

FI-3.x Cosine FI-3.x

Modulator Filter
DSC Mod/Demod Filter
Function Image™ 1.x
and SAME AFSK Tx Data
Buffer
Demod
FI-3.x
™
Function Image 2.x 4-Level FSK
Tx DATA FUNCTIONS 4-Level FSK

4-LFSK Sinc RRC

FI-2.x FI-2.x
Modulator Filter Filter
Function Image™ 3.x C4FM Raw Data

FI-2.x

CMX7031 and CMX7041 Data Functions by Function Image™

8
The CMX7031 and the CMX7041 ICs, operating under the currently available Function Image™ standards FI-1.x, FI-2.x and FI-3.x, each offer an on-chip wireless data function.
As part of the complete radio processor, for general system setup and wireless data operations, the FI-1.x standard configures a half-duplex 1200/2400 bps FFSK/MSK modem with both freeformat and full feature
packet-data options.

CMX7031 and CMX7041

In addition, this product offers, as part of its NOAA system compatibility, an NWR 1050Hz Warning Alarm Tone (WAT) detector and Specific Message Area Encoding (SAME) 520.83bps Audio Frequency Shift Keying
(AFSK) demodulator.

FFSK/MSK Data Processing (FI-1.x) Marine DSC Data Operations (FI-1.x)

Freeformat and packet capabilities In place of the standard FFSK/MSK modem, this product, with FI-1.x loaded, can implement a 1200bps Digital selective Call

16-bit frame sync detector, error correction, data (DSC) modem conforming to the requirements of ITU-R M.493-11 for use in Marine VHF band radio systems. This function uses
scrambling/descrambling and interleaving tones of 1300Hz and 2100Hz to represent binary 1s and 0s respectively.

Frame head decoding
Raw and formatted (Rx and Tx) FSK data modes

1200/2400 bps FFSK/MSK data modem with auto-
Rx Raw: Modem passes all received data to the host
TM

age bauding
Tx Raw: Host passes all data to modem in correctly

n Im
On-chip clock recovery
ctio formatted form
Fun
Flexible packet data facility suitable for:
.x

FI -1 - Text messaging
Rx Formatted: Incoming data checked for valid phasing;
passes decoded ‘characters’ to host
- Calling line ID
Tx Formatted: Dotting pattern programmed; data coded;
- Caller location checksum appended
- Digital poll of remote systems
- GPS information in NMEA 0183 format NWS Specific Area Message Encoding (SAME) Reception
- Data transfer
NWR SAME AFSK (520.83bps) demodulation
- MPT 1327 systems
Selectable raw or formatted output

Packet data assembly/dis-assembly

4-Level FSK Data Processing (FI-2.x )

Half-duplex 4-Level FSK modem

Programmable 4800bps and 9600bps data rates

Selectable ‘raw’ and packet data formatting/coding modes


TM

age Soft and Hard decision payload data output

ctio n Im
Fun
Selectable automatic preamble and frame-sync insertion
.x
FI -2
Selectable automatic frame-sync detection

Automatic frame handling

Root Raised Cosine (RRC) filtering

Rx EYE monitor output for test and alignment

C4FM Data Processing (FI-3.x )

Half-duplex 4-Level FSK modem

Programmable 4800bps and 9600bps data rates

Selectable ‘raw’ and packet data formatting/coding modes
TM

ma ge
Soft and Hard decision payload data output

ction I
Fun
Selectable automatic preamble and frame-sync insertion
.x
FI -3

Selectable automatic frame-sync detection

Automatic frame handling

Root Raised Cosine (RRC) filtering

Rx EYE monitor output for test and alignment

9
 Signal Interfacing
Signal Interfacing and Routing
These products offer a very flexible on-chip routing architecture with three selectable signal inputs, and where configured by a Function Image™, two separate,
CMX7031 and CMX7041

multiplexed signal processing paths.

The output interface offers a selection of two modulator drive outputs selectable to single, two-point and I and Q modulation schemes. A single audio (Rx or Tx voice
or tone output) channel is selectable.
To reduce transients when switching to the Tx mode, the MOD output signals can be programmed to ‘ramp-up’ and ‘ramp-down’ at a pre-programmed rate.

Input Stages
Input Stages To Tx Audio Circuits
Three flexible input stages with component adjustable matching
and level
I/P 1

Individually programmable input amplifiers with coarse and fine
Input 2 level adjustment

Selectable voice, signalling and data signal multiplexing for
I/P 2 concurrent operations
Analogue
Routing
Input 1 Three possible signal inputs with flexible routing and gain facilities

I/P 3

Output Stages

To Auxiliary To Rx Circuits MOD 1 OUT

ADCs Mux

Multiplexed signals for transmission Selectable

Tx Mod Single/Two Point
Mode and
Select
I and Q Modulation
Outputs

MOD 2 OUT
Mux

Input/Output Level Setting Ranges

Output Stages
Course
Selectable single, two-point and I and Q modulation outputs
0dB to 22.4dB with independently programmable level adjustment Rx AUDIO OUT
Input 1 and 2 Gain Rx or Tx audio Mux
Fine
Programmble Tx output ramp-up and ramp-down rates, via
0dB to -3.5dB AuxDAC 1, reduce spurious outputs
Course
Output path offset compensation setting
MOD 1 and MOD 2 0dB to >40dB
Individual output signal inversion settings Tx and Rx output stages with flexible routing and gain facilities
Attenuation
Selectable voice, signalling and data signal multiplexing
Fine
0dB to -3.5dB
Rx and Tx ‘audio volume control’ and output

MOD 1 and MOD 2 output levels can be ramped-up under
Audio Output
0dB to >60dB control during Rx to Tx changeover. Ramp-down is available for
Attenuation
the reverse function

10
Auxiliary Functions and Synthesisers

CMX7031 and CMX7041

GPIO 1/
Tx Enable

GPIO 2/
Rx Enable C-BUS

GPIO
GPIO A

GPIO B

Synthesisers (CMX7031)
(RAMDAC)

Two ‘Integer-N’ synthesisers
DAC 1
Aux DAC 1 Ramp Profile RAM
Frequency range: 100MHz to 600MHz
Aux DAC 2
Auxiliary Functions C-BUS Interfacing and Control
DAC 2

Serial interface, command/control, status and data via
Aux DAC 3
DAC 3 C-BUS command set
Aux DAC 4
On-chip ‘data’ handling reduces host processor overhead
DAC 4
Auxiliary System Clocks
Internal Signal
Two programmable system clocks for external operations
Averaging
Aux ADC 1
Thresholds
ADC I/P 1
Mux
ADC I/P 2
Averaging
ADC I/P 3 Aux ADC 2
Thresholds
ADC I/P 4

System Clock 1 System

Clock
Auxiliary Functions Outputs
System Clock 2

4 Auxiliary DACS To Mixer Stage

Channel 1 DAC selectable to RAMDAC in Tx mode Synthesiser Interfaces
Pre-set or user-defined RAMDAC profile

4-input multiplexed ADCs with programmable threshold and VCO
Synthesiser 1 Control
‘average-timing’ settings

Input signals can be routed to ADCs

Uncommitted general purpose I/O Ports
Power Requirements

Separate low-power (3.0 to 3.6 volt) digital and analogue Synthesiser 2

supplies

Flexible dynamic powersave commands optimise functions for
power economy

Versatile Power Systems

With a very low-power requirement in a voltage range of 3.0 to 3.6 V, the majority of the on-chip functions of either IC can be separately powersaved under host control. This enables minimum, controlled power
consumption at all times.
As half-duplex products, the non-operating mode functions (Rx/Tx) can be powered-down until required. Separate function powersaving is also operationally advantageous, for instance, in allowing the power-up of the
required Rx functions prior to the end of a Tx operation.
11
CMX7031 and CMX7041 Function Images™ and System Control
Configuration via the Function Image™ Function ImageTM Library
The specific functions of these FirmASIC ® devices are determined by the uploading of the relevant Function Image™ file during device
TM
Function Image
initialisation. Data File

Function Image™: a data file for IC function configuration Function Image
Data File
TM

Atmel EEPROM and serial Flash memory interface

Versatile loading methods:
[1] via C-BUS after power-up
[2] automatically from an on-board EEPROM

Requires a maximum of 46kbytes of memory

Fast turn-around (hot-swop) for Function Image™ changeover

Available from ‘My CML’ Technical Portal Host
FLASH
Memory
µController
[1]

Bias Reg. Boot Xtal C-BUS Interface

Control Oscillator
Optional EEPROM
EEPROM SPI Port
[2] Registers

Main Clock Power Control

Digital PLL

Internal Systems
Control

Function Image File Handling Arrangements

TM

C-BUS

System Configuration and Control via C-BUS

All of the activated on-chip functions are controlled, by the host µC, via the C-BUS serial data interface.

C-BUS Serial Data Interface

Compatible with Microwire and SPI type interfaces

Command, status and data transfers

Facilitates Function Image™ operations

Comprehensive on-chip C-BUS instruction set

On-chip register structure reduces host overhead

Maskable interrupts

12
CMX881 and CMX882 Baseband Processors
. . . baseband processors for PMR, Trunked and Leisure radios
Features
Transmit Functions

Automatic Signal Scanning, with IRQ, on
DCS Code Generator
Individual IC differences are indicated by outlines Detection of Valid Signals
as shown:
CTCSS Tone Generator MOD 2
Voice Processing Facilities
CMX881 only =
- Rx and Tx Path Gain Setting
CMX882 only = Selcall, DTMF and - Voiceband and Sub-Audio Filtering
Audio Tone Generator
Tx Interface - Programmable Soft Limiter
Analogue
In-band, XTCSS and Routing
Programmable Signal Detection
Signal Input Interfaces Audio Tone Generator and
Soft Fine Gain Thresholds
MOD 1
Signal Input Buffers Limiter
Voice Voice Pre- Coarse Gain
Simultaneous Selcall and CTCSS/DCS
INPUT 2 FB
Compressor Scrambler Emphasis Control Decoding
Channel
INPUT 2
-
+
A Filter
CTCSS Tone Clone™ Compatibility
Data Coding and
VBIAS FFSK/MSK Modulation Host µC Interface
CTCSS and (23/24-bit) DCS Codecs
Input Select Input Gain
MIC FB VBIAS
IRQN

DTMF Transmitter
REPLY_DATA

-
A Tx Device
Control CSN

Tone Generation for Caller-Recognition
B B Power
MIC
+ C Rx Control and
‘C-BUS’ CMD_DATA
Tunes
VBIAS
Monitor Select Interface SERIAL_CLOCK
Programmable Selcall Codec
Aux ADC Control
DISC FB
B
A
and
1200/2400 bps MSK/FFSK Freeformat
Level Monitoring
-
C
Modem with Rx Sync. Detect
DISC C
+
FFSK/MSK Demodulator,
XTCSS Channel and Data Signalling
VBIAS FFSK/MSK
Filter
Frame Sync Detector
and Data Decoding Audio Out
(see page 7)
Fine Gain
Control
(LS)
AUDIO
Robust Automatic Packet-Data Protocol
SIG_MONITOR Voice De- Voice Voice with: Error Correction and Detection,
Filter Emphasis Descrambler Expander
Interleaving and Data Scrambling/
Coarse Gain
VBIAS
Control Privacy
XTAL/CLOCK Selcall Tone Detect
Single-Pin
Xtal Clock
Auxiliary ADC Available to Monitor Inputs
In-Band
Filter
De-
Emphasis
In-band and
XTCSS Tone Detect
Power
VDD(A)

C-BUS Serial Interface
VDD(D)

Tx Interface for Single or Two-Point
VBIAS
Sub-Audio
CTCSS Tone Detect Bias Modulation
Filter Generator
VSS(D)
CLOCK_OUT
VSS(A)

Meets ETS 300 086, MPT1327,
Receive Functions DCS Code Detect PAA1382 and ETS 300 230 specs

Supply Requirement Range:
CMX881 and CMX882 2.7 to 5.5 V
Two full-function half-duplex audio and signalling processor ICs for either PMR (CMX881) or FRS and PMR446 (CMX882) type facilities suitable for both complex
and simple end-designs. Under the control of the host µC, all voiceband requirements, as relevant, are catered for. These include, voiceband and sub-audio
filtering, pre/de-emphasis, compression/expansion and audio routing and global level setting with single or two-point modulation functions in the transmit path.
Package Styles -40º to +85ºC
Additionally, on the CMX882, CTCSS and In-band tone functions are integrated with the new XTCSS (page 7) code implementation. XTCSS provides additional
and improved squelch-centred privacy codes with the added advantage of ‘silent operation’; no annoying interference from other sub-audio users. XTCSS fitted CMX881D6 28-pin SSOP
radios enjoy more privacy and flexibility of operation.
CMX881E1 28-pin TSSOP
Both ICs offer FFSK/MSK 1200/2400 bps freeformat data functions, while the CMX882 provides an advanced 1200/2400 bps free-format and packet data FFSK/
CMX882D6 28-pin SSOP
MSK modem for text messaging/paging, GPS location data transport (compatible with NMEA 0183) and other data applications.
CMX882E1 28-pin TSSOP
With ultra low power requirements and graduated powersave, this product only requires a smaller, lower power µC than many existing FRS/PMR446 solutions.
13
CMX838 FRS/PMR446/GMRS ‘Family Radio’ Processor
. . . FRS, PMR 446 and GMRS ‘Family Radio’ Processor
Features
BOUT AOUT AIN BIN
Advanced ‘Any-One-of-Any’ 50-Tone
CTCSS Processor
- Fast Decode Time
MICOUT - IRQ on Any/All Valid Tones
RXOUT
De-Emph
- Fast Scan
- Group Calling
MICIN
Pre-Emph Highpass - Auto-Response Tone Select
Filter Lowpass
Limiter Filter - Tone Cloning™

VBI AS
Lowpass
RF Synthesiser
Filter
TXMOD1
- FRS, PMR and GMRS RF Channels
0°/180°
phase - Configurable Charge-Pump


Bandpass VBI AS
Filter Audio Call-Tone Generator
RXIN +
AUX I/O
Lowpass
Filter
Audio Processing
- Mic. Amplifier
VDD TXMOD2
CTCSS Encode
0°/180°
phase
- Pre/De-Emphasis
VSS VBI AS - Limiter
Audio Tone Encode - Post Limiter Filtering
IRQN - Mic., Rx and Tx Digital Gain
1
VBIAS
0
CTCSS Decoders
REPLY DATA
- Single and Dual Tx Outputs
BIAS VBI AS VBI AS C-BUS
Serial COMMAND DATA
C-BUS Serial Control Interface
Interface
SERIAL CLOCK
Signal Source and External Function
Rx Notone/
Tx Duration Timer CS Selection
XTAL

Supply Requirement Range:
XTAL
Baseband
Timing Generation
SVDD 2.7 to 5.5 V
Voltage Ref.
SVSS
REFIN 12 Bit Programmable
Reference Counter
Phase Charge CPOUT
+RFIN
Detector Pump
Divide 32/33 Programmable Divider ISET
-RFIN
Lock
Detect

CMX838
The highly integrated CMX838 Family Radio Processor includes sub-audio, audio, and synthesiser functions to serve as the core engine for low cost, high performance FRS,
PMR446 and GMRS radio designs. Its flexibility supports both simple and advanced multi-channel radios without cost penalties.
Integrated Tx voltage reference and baseband clock generation circuits eliminate the need for external components. The CMX838’s features directly support advanced end-
product functions such as: group calling, scanning, automatic scanner response, tone setup, and ‘Tone Cloning™’. By using the CMX838 one global radio design can support
multiple standards and markets. Controlled via a C-BUS serial interface this Family Radio Processor operates from a low-power supply in the range 2.7 to 5 V.
Package Styles -40º to +85ºC

CMX838D1 28-pin SOIC

CMX838E1 28-pin TSSOP

14
CMX808A CTCSS ‘Type 2’ Encoder/Decoder
. . . individual-code CTCSS programming for FRS and PMR 446
Features

Full CTCSS ‘Type 2’ Compatibility
Tx Sub-audio
Up to 7 Tones in ‘Active Receive’
CTCSS Out
Tone Generator
Single Tone Encode; Multi-tone (7)
Decode with Selectable Rx Bandwidth
Tx Audio
48 Programmable Tones Available
Out (62.5Hz to 251Hz)
Volume
Control
Fast (140ms) Tone Decode
Tx Audio In
Voiceband Rx Audio
Tone-set Cloning (Tone Clone™)
Filter Out
Capability

Voiceband Filtering Function Switchable
300Hz to 3000Hz
Volume In
to Rx and Tx Paths

Low Power Operation with Powersave

Supply Requirement Range:
Rx Audio Out 3.0 to 5.5 V
Command Data
C-BUS Interface Reply Data
and
Control Logic Chip Select
Rx Amp Out IRQN
Serial Clock
Rx Amplifier
Rx Amp In
+ CTCSS
Demodulated CTCSS A to D Tone Decoder
Rx Signal Lowpass Filter Converter
(audio and
_ Response Time
= 140ms typ.
sub-audio)

CMX808A
This device is a unique product for the designer of family radio transceivers. A full range of 48 sub-audio tones can be generated and detected by the device. The decode time is
vastly superior to that offered by other solutions. Fast response and de-response times give the user of a Family Radio transceiver faster switching times and a reduction in the
annoying squelch tail interference often found in CTCSS based systems.
A unique feature of the device is its ability to look for 7 different CTCSS codes simultaneously.
This allows FRS designers to offer equipment which can look for personal, family or open channel codes at the same time.
For example: A soccer team coach can call each of the 11 players individually or the team as a group. Codes can be used as Paging codes, open chat mode codes as well as Package Styles -40º to +85ºC
personal and family codes.
CMX808AE3 20-pin TSSOP
The device is simple to interface to the host of µController via the C-BUS serial programming interface.
These features allow FRS designers to differentiate their products from that of the competition and, in unique ways, to gain market share in this highly competitive market. CMX808AP4 24-pin PDIP

15
 Product Evaluation, Demonstration and Support
Other Recent CML Two-Way Radio IC Products
CMX981 Advanced Digital Radio Baseband Processor: a combination codec/processor that
interfaces analogue and digital sections of a digital radio system and performs the majority of PE0401
the critical DSP-intensive functions of either portable, mobile or base systems.
Evaluation kit available.
CMX649 Adaptive Delta Modulation (ADM) Codec: a full-duplex ADM, A-law, µ-law and linear
PCM codec and transcoder for low power voice applications.
Demonstration kit available.
CMX998 Cartesian Feed-Back Loop (CFBL) Transmitter: Transmitter linearisation for high-
speed data systems.

Visit the CML website for a detailed and comprehensive overview of

CML’s wireless and wireline voice, signalling and data products.
www.cmlmicro.com PE0201

PE0001

EV8810
Member Companies

CML Microcircuits
PC Windows-based universal GUI to enable efficient evaluation of the product
(UK)Ltd
RS232 connection to and from a PC

PE0001: Evaluation kit interface card translates commands to the IC’s C-BUS serial bus
COMMUNICATION SEMICONDUCTORS

PE0201: CMX7031 evaluation kit
Tel: +44 (0)1621 875500 Fax: +44 (0)1621 875600
sales@cmlmicro.com www.cmlmicro.com

PE0401: CMX7041 evaluation kit

EV8810: CMX881 and CMX882 evaluation kit
CML Microcircuits
(USA) Inc. Design Resources
COMMUNICATION SEMICONDUCTORS Design and application support available:
Tel: +1 336 744 5050 and 800 638 5577 Fax: +1 336 744 5054
us.sales@cmlmicro.com www.cmlmicro.com

CML website: www.cmlmicro.com/

Technical datasheets and user manuals
CML Microcircuits

MyCML technical support portal
(Singapore)PteLtd

Function Image™ downloads
COMMUNICATION SEMICONDUCTORS
Singapore
Application notes
Tel: +65 67450426 Fax: +65 67452917
sg.sales@cmlmicro.com www.cmlmicro.com
Frequently Asked Questions
Shanghai
Tel: +86 21 63174107 and +86 21 63178916 Fax: +86 21 63170243

Application information via local support desks
cn.sales@cmlmicro.com.cn www.cmlmicro.com
NOAA National Weather Service: www.nws.noaa.gov/nwr/
A CML Microsystems Plc Company Function Image™ and Tone Clone™ are trademarks of CML Microsystems Plc.
FirmASIC ® is a registered trademark of CML Microsystems Plc. Your Local CML Distributor
© 2007 CML Microcircuits