May 7, 2022
Basic Life Support
basic skills for Nursing
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May 7, 2022
Basic Life Support
BURN
1.Chemical Burn :
with chemical powder
1. flush the wound with cool water for 20
minutes .
2. call 122
2.If its a Dry chemical powder
1. brush off the skin ( Gloves on )
2. Flush it with cool running water
3. Remove contaminated clothes to prevent further
damage
3.Thermal Burn :
1. check for safety
2. Stop burning by removing the person from the source
3. Cool the Burn with Cool running water
4. Cover it loosely with a sterile dressing
5. Avoid the person from getting Chilled or Overheated .
6. Comfort & Reassure the Person
( STOP - DROP - ROLE )
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4.Electrical Burn :
1. Call 122
2. Turn off the power at its Source
3. Support the Cervical Spine
4. DRABC
WOUNDS
5.Bruised- Hematoma ( Closed Wound )
1. RICE “ Rest - Immobilize - Cold - Elevate
2. Elevate the injured body part if it’s not causing more
pain
3. Ice pack must be 20 minutes On & 20 minutes Off.
6.Active Bleeding Wound
1. make the patient to sit down & Bring the Gloves
2. Give him a Gauze & Tell him to put pressure on it Then
Put on the Gloves put gauze on it , Elevate it And Check
for Circulation by asking for ( Temp - Tingling-
Numbness).
3. Put Pressure on the wound by yourself If it doesn’t stop
bandage it & Put pressure on the Brachial Artery
4. Check for circulation again
5. If it Bleeds again Put pressure & Do it again
Note : Pressure Points are :
⁃ Brachial - Radial - Femoral -Popliteal arteries .
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7.Sucking Chest Wound
1. It has a sucking or hissing sound during inspiration So
Bring the gloves
2. Check for any other bleeding near the chest
3. uncover the chest - Don't attempt to clean the wound
4. Flexible dressing over the wound and Tape it on three
sides . to let the air come and go .
5. if bleeds put a gauze on the tapes and bandage it
loosely don’t remove the gauze .
6. Put the patient on the recovery side ( on injured side )
Notes :
⁃ Ensure the dressing it at least two inches wider than
the wound
⁃ Size of sucking chest wound is greater than the
trachea
⁃ it’s dangerous > tension pneumothorax > lungs unable
to open
8.Nose Bleeding
1. tell the patient to sit down and pinch her soft part of
nose & lean forward
2. Bring clean gloves + gauze + Ice pack
3. Put the Ice pack on the nose bridge but with Gauze
4. Give him Gauze
5. Wait for 10 seconds
6. If not stop put pressure on the upper lip
7. Call 122 if the victim becomes unconscious
8. If it stops , Tell the patient not to rub or blow or pick the
nose
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9.Removing Wasp Stinger
1. Remove the stinger with a Card
2. wash the site with Soap & Water
3. Apply a cold pack to reduce pain & Swelling
4. Watch for signs of allergic Reactions.
10.Scorpion Bite
1. Wash the wound
2. apply cold pack
3. Call 122
11.Snake Bite
1. Call 122
2. Keep them calm
3. Apply an elastic roller bandage over the clothing (don't
remove the clothes all the way from the toes to the legs
4. Don't elevate the leg
5. U can immobilize it with a rigid splint
6. If the victim goes Unconscious > DRABC
Symptoms of Snake bite :
⁃ Puncture wound at the bite site
⁃ Nausea & Vomiting - Bleeding -headache -Numbness
- Paralysis -SOB
12.Frost Bite :
Signs and symptoms:
Lack of feeling in an affected area
skin that appears waxy cold to the touch or discolored
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1. Get the person out of the cold
2. Don't attempt to rewarm the frostbitten area
3. Handle the area gently never rub
4. Rewarm gently by soaking the affected area in warm
water
5. loosely bandage the area with dry sterile dressing
6. place a gauze between the fingers to keep them
separated
7. Prevent Hypothermia
8. Call 122
13.Embeded Object in Eyes
1. put a cup on the injured eyes + put a little gauze on the
uninjured eyes to ease the pressure
2. Cover it with bandage loosely in a way that doesn’t
cover ears .
For Chemicals in Eyes :
1. Flush continuously with water for 10 minutes away from
uninjured eye
For Small foreign body in Eyes :
1. Tell him to blink several times
2. Gently flush with water .
14.Bowel Out “ Dehiscence”
1. Do not apply pressure to organ or push them back
2. keep the person lying down with his knees bent if that
position does not cause pain
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3. Put a folded blanket under the knees to support the
knees in this position
4. Remove any clothing from around the wound
5. Loosely apply moist sterile dressings over the wound
6. keep dressing moist with warm water
7. Place a cloth over the dressing to keep organs warm
Emergency Conditions
15.Tension Pneumonothorax
Signs & Symptoms:
⁃ Chest pain , Tachypnea , Tachycardia , Hypotension,
decreased breathing sound on the affected area .
What you do :
⁃ Inject a Syringe just above 3rd Rib in the 2nd ICS .
⁃ Observe to see the air comes into the syringe.
16.Seizure
1. Move any potential object to prevent injury
2. give him head support don't restraint the casualty
3. When seizure is over check breathing
4. If the patient breathing effectively turn him to a side
5. If there is bleeding or vomiting in her mouth Roll her on
a side
Call ambulance IF :
⁃ it lasts for more than 5 minutes
⁃ another seizure quickly follows
⁃ there is a serious injury
⁃ History of diabetes
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17.Testing a patient with CVA
1. Consent
2. FAST method
F : can you smile ?
A: Elevate you both Arms
S: repeat this sentence ( I ordered lunch today
T: When the symptoms begun ?
18.Checking Responsive Adult
1. Get Consent
2. Use SAMPLE method
S : do you have pain ? breathing problem
A : Allergy to any medication
M : any medication you took ?
P : past medical history ?
L : Last meal or drink you had ?
E : How did the event started ?
19.Patient with Shock
Signs of Shock :
⁃ Restlessness - anxiety - Altered LOC - Rapid
breathing + Pulse - Excessive Thirst - Pale moist skin
What you do :
1. Call 122
2. make the patient lie down
3. Look for any external bleeding and control it
4. Help maintain body temperature
5. elevate legs
6. Comfort the patient till EMA personal arrives
7. Don’t give anything to eat or drink
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20.FAINTING
Signs and Symptoms:
⁃ Loss of consciousness-weak pulse -pale skin
what you do :
1. make the patient lie down
2. Raise the legs
3. loose tight clothing
4. Check for breathing and Pulse
5. if he vomited put the patient to a side
6. Don’t give anything by mouth
21.Care of heat related emergency
Signs of Dehydration:
⁃ Dark urine , Fatigue,Weakness, Headache ,Dizziness,
Excessive Thirst
What you do :
1. move the person to a cool place
2. loosen tighten clothes
3. Remove soaked clothes
4. Apply cool towel to the skin
5. Fan the person
6. If person is conscious give small amount of water
7. If person faints or become unconscious or Vomit Do :
⁃ call 122
⁃ place on a side
⁃ Continue to cool the person by using ice or cold packs
on ankles neck arm
⁃ check for signs of life
22.Hypothermia :
1. Gently move the person to a warm place
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2. Warm the person by wrapping a blanket
3. If he or she alert give warm water
4. Don’t warm the patient quickly it might cause Ventricular
Fibrillation.
FRACTURE
23.Open Fracture
Signs of fracture:
⁃ deformity , Bruising , Swelling , unable to
move the affected area , bone fragments are
sticking out , pain
What you do :
1. Get consent
2. call 122
3. Place a sterile dressing around the fracture
4. Bandage around the fracture
5. Avoid moving the exposed bone & limb & put a splint in
injured area if u need to move the patient.
24.Sprained Ankles :
1. make the patient lie down
2. Apply ice pack to reduce pain and swelling
3. apply wrap bandage please see figure 8 on the First aid
book
4. Elevate comfortably.
25.Anatomical Splint Legs
1. Obtain Consent
2. Support the area below site of injury
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3. Place uninjured area next to the injured area
4. Check for feelings warmth color numbness tingling
5. Tie triangular bandage securely
6. recheck for warmth color numbness.
26.Arm Sling Triangular bandage
1. Tell the patient to support the injury
2. Pass triangular bandage under arm
3. Bring top end around shoulder
4. Bring loose end up to meet it
5. Tie using a knee knot put it under the know
6. apply a binder + check for feeling warmth & color .
27.Soft Splint
1. Get Consent
2. Support the injured above & below injury site
3. check for warmth ,color , feeling .
4. Place several folded triangular bandage above and
below the injury site
5. Gently wrap a soft object around it
6. Secure it with triangular bandage
7. Recheck for warmth, color , Feelings.
28.Rigid Splint
1. Get consent
2. Support the injured above & below injury site
3. check for warmth ,color , feeling .
4. Place a rigid splint bandage below and above the injury
site
5. Tie several triangular bandages above and below the
injured area
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6. Recheck for warmth, color , Feelings.
7. - If a rigid splint is used on a forearm you must also
immobilize the elbow. bind the arm to the chest using
folded triangular bandages or apply a sling.
29.Face down to face Up
1. move the arm that close to you to his head
2. cross the legs
3. place your hands on the back of his neck & the other
hand on his hip
4. Gently roll the person toward you
5. Open the airway
30.Signs of Neck injury and Cervical
collar
- Signs and Symptoms
Blood or fluid out of Ears or Nose . - change in level of
consciousness -nausea -vomiting -seizure - lose of balance
-Persistent headache -tingling in arms and feet .
What you do :
1. stand from the right side
2. check for tracheal deviation
3. check for JVD
4. apply rigid splint cervical collar trying to support the
head during applying to it .
5. Call 122
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31.Head to Toe Assessment
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32-33-34.Transporting the Patient
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35.Chocking for Adult
36.Give breathes without mask to adult
and infant
Infant : https://youtube.com/watch?
v=mIdUOZJdPy8&feature=share
Adult : https://youtube.com/watch?v=1wj-
zixnz2s&feature=share
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37.Putting the victim in recovery position
https://youtu.be/N72pJ98i9kU
38.Checking for and stabilizing a
fractured Pelvic
Checking : https://youtube.com/watch?
v=p6LyQfhKV_8&feature=share&t=426
⁃ put pressure on pelvis, if you feel anything moving it is
a fracture don't continue checking
Stabilizing : https://youtu.be/Omg79Ced6s0
39.Checking Circulation in an injured
hand and foot
Signs of fracture:
⁃ deformity , Bruising , Swelling , unable to
move the affected area , bone fragments are
sticking out , pain
How do you check :
Check for -Feelings -Warmth -Color -
Numbness -Tingling
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40.Ventilation and Compressions when a
patient has an endotracheal tube in place
1. Connect the mask
2. Then continuously Giving The Breathes will be given
every 6 seconds for adults, and Every 2-3 seconds for
infants and children.
41. Bleeding in Hand Or Bleeding with
Embedded Object like a Knife in Hand
https://youtu.be/iCnAIwL1QB0
42. Fall From High FFH
- Supine
- check the level of consciousness by asking (what’s your name? Do
you know what day it is?
- ABC ( Talking or not )
- Check for major bleeding (everywhere)
- Check for Pulse
- Check for skin (color temperature condition)
- Vital signs ( blood pressure
- Sample Method
- Rapid assessment :
1. Head Face Pupils Ears Nose Mouth
2. Neck -JVD -Tracheal Deviations
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3. You can apply cervical collar
4. Check for lung sounds
5. Check for abdomen and pelvis
6. assess extremities (Pedal Pulse ) Ask the patient to move his toes
7. Arms Pulse ( squeeze my hand )
8. Assess the posterior check Lumbar + Thoracic of the spine )
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