SYSTEM OF MORALITY
BASIS OF MORALITY
SURAH HUJRAT 13
١٣ َيٰٓـَأُّيَها ٱلَّناُس ِإَّنا َخ َلْقَنٰـ ُك م ِّم ن َذ َكٍۢر َو ُأنَثٰى َو َج َعْلَنٰـ ُك ْم ُش ُعوًۭب ا َو َقَبٓاِئَل ِلَتَعاَر ُفٓو ۟ا ۚ ِإَّن َأْك َر َم ُك ْم ِع نَد ٱِهَّلل َأْتَقٰىُك ْم ۚ ِإَّن ٱَهَّلل َع ِليٌم َخ ِبيٌۭر
O humanity! Indeed, We created you from a male and a female, and made you into peoples and tribes
so that you may ˹get to˺ know one another. Surely the most noble of you in the sight of Allah is the
most righteous among you. Allah is truly All-Knowing, All-Aware.1
COMMANDMENTS TO MUSLIM COMMUNITY
SURAH BANI ISRAEL
23-37
۞ َو َقَض ٰى َرُّبَك َأاَّل َتْعُبُد ٓو ۟ا ِإٓاَّل ِإَّياُه َو ِبٱْلَٰو ِلَدْيِن ِإْح َسٰـ ًناۚ ِإَّم ا َيْبُلَغَّن ِع نَدَك ٱْلِكَبَر َأَح ُدُهَم ٓا َأْو ِكاَل ُهَم ا َفاَل َتُقل َّلُهَم ٓا ُأٍّۢف َو اَل َتْنَهْر ُهَم ا َو ُقل َّلُهَم ا َقْو اًۭل
٢٣ َك ِريًۭم ا
For your Lord has decreed that you worship none but Him. And honour your parents. If one or both of
them reach old age in your care, never say to them ˹even˺ ‘ugh,’ nor yell at them. Rather, address
them respectfully.
٢٤ َو ٱْخ ِفْض َلُهَم ا َج َناَح ٱلُّذ ِّل ِم َن ٱلَّرْح َم ِة َو ُقل َّرِّب ٱْر َح ْم ُهَم ا َك َم ا َرَّبَياِنى َص ِغ يًۭر ا
And be humble with them out of mercy, and pray, “My Lord! Be merciful to them as they raised me
when I was young.”
٢٥ َّرُّبُك ْم َأْع َلُم ِبَم ا ِفى ُنُفوِس ُك ْم ۚ ِإن َتُك وُنو۟ا َصٰـِلِح يَن َفِإَّن ۥُه َك اَن ِلَأْلَّٰو ِبيَن َغُفوًۭر ا
Your Lord knows best what is within yourselves. If you are righteous, He is certainly All-Forgiving to
those who ˹constantly˺ turn to Him.
٢٦ َو َء اِت َذ ا ٱْلُقْر َبٰى َح َّق ۥُه َو ٱْلِمْسِكيَن َو ٱْبَن ٱلَّس ِبيِل َو اَل ُتَبِّذ ْر َتْبِذ يًر ا
Give to close relatives their due, as well as the poor and ˹needy˺ travellers. And do not spend
wastefully.
٢٧ ِإَّن ٱْلُم َبِّذ ِريَن َكاُنٓو ۟ا ِإْخ َٰو َن ٱلَّش َيٰـِط يِن ۖ َو َك اَن ٱلَّشْيَطٰـُن ِلَرِّبِهۦ َك ُفوًۭر ا
Surely the wasteful are ˹like˺ brothers to the devils. And the Devil is ever ungrateful to his Lord.
٢٨ َوِإَّم ا ُتْع ِرَض َّن َع ْنُهُم ٱْبِتَغٓاَء َرْح َم ٍۢة ِّم ن َّرِّبَك َتْر ُج وَها َفُقل َّلُهْم َقْو اًۭل َّم ْيُس وًۭر ا
And in case ever you definitely veer away from them, seeking mercy from your Lord that you hope for,
then speak to them a reasonable saying.
٢٩ َو اَل َتْج َعْل َيَدَك َم ْغُلوَلًة ِإَلٰى ُع ُنِقَك َو اَل َتْبُس ْطَها ُك َّل ٱْلَبْسِط َفَتْقُعَد َم ُلوًۭم ا َّم ْح ُس وًر ا
And do not make your hand [as] chained to your neck1 or extend it completely2 and [thereby]
become blamed and insolvent.
٣٠ ِإَّن َرَّبَك َيْبُس ُط ٱلِّر ْز َق ِلَم ن َيَشٓاُء َو َيْقِدُر ۚ ِإَّن ۥُه َك اَن ِبِع َباِدِهۦ َخ ِبيًۢر ا َبِص يًۭر ا
Surely your Lord gives abundant or limited provisions to whoever He wills. He is certainly All-Aware,
All-Seeing of His servants.
٣١ َو اَل َتْقُتُلٓو ۟ا َأْو َلٰـَد ُك ْم َخ ْش َيَة ِإْم َلٰـ ٍۢق ۖ َّنْح ُن َنْر ُز ُقُهْم َو ِإَّياُك ْم ۚ ِإَّن َقْتَلُهْم َك اَن ِخ ْطًۭٔـ ا َك ِبيًۭر ا
Do not kill your children for fear of poverty. We provide for them and for you. Surely killing them is a
heinous sin.
٣٢ َو اَل َتْقَرُبو۟ا ٱلِّز َنٰٓى ۖ ِإَّن ۥُه َك اَن َفٰـِح َش ًۭة َو َس ٓاَء َس ِبياًۭل
Do not go near adultery. It is truly a shameful deed and an evil way.
٣٣ َو اَل َتْقُتُلو۟ا ٱلَّنْفَس ٱَّلِتى َح َّر َم ٱُهَّلل ِإاَّل ِبٱْلَح ِّقۗ َوَم ن ُقِتَل َم ْظُلوًۭم ا َفَقْد َج َعْلَنا ِلَو ِلِّيِهۦ ُس ْلَطٰـ ًۭن ا َفاَل ُيْس ِرف ِّفى ٱْلَقْتِل ۖ ِإَّن ۥُه َك اَن َم نُص وًۭر ا
Do not take a ˹human˺ life—made sacred by Allah—except with ˹legal˺ right.1 If anyone is killed
unjustly, We have given their heirs2 the authority, but do not let them exceed limits in retaliation,3
for they are already supported ˹by law˺.
٣٤ َو اَل َتْقَرُبو۟ا َم اَل ٱْلَيِتيِم ِإاَّل ِبٱَّلِتى ِهَى َأْح َس ُن َح َّتٰى َيْبُلَغ َأُشَّد ُهۥۚ َو َأْو ُفو۟ا ِبٱْلَعْهِد ۖ ِإَّن ٱْلَعْهَد َك اَن َم ْسُٔـواًۭل
Do not come near the wealth of the orphan—unless intending to enhance it—until they attain
maturity. Honour ˹your˺ pledges, for you will surely be accountable for them.
٣٥ َو َأْو ُفو۟ا ٱْلَك ْيَل ِإَذ ا ِكْلُتْم َوِزُنو۟ا ِبٱْلِقْس َطاِس ٱْلُم ْس َتِقيِم ۚ َٰذ ِلَك َخ ْيٌۭر َو َأْح َس ُن َتْأِوياًۭل
Give in full when you measure, and weigh with an even balance. That is fairest and best in the end.
٣٦ َو اَل َتْقُف َم ا َلْيَس َلَك ِبِهۦ ِع ْلٌم ۚ ِإَّن ٱلَّس ْم َع َو ٱْلَبَصَر َو ٱْلُفَؤ اَد ُك ُّل ُأ۟و َلٰٓـِئَك َك اَن َع ْنُه َم ْسُٔـواًۭل
Do not follow what you have no ˹sure˺ knowledge of. Indeed, all will be called to account for ˹their˺
hearing, sight, and intellect.
٣٧ َو اَل َتْمِش ِفى ٱَأْلْر ِض َم َرًح اۖ ِإَّنَك َلن َتْخ ِرَق ٱَأْلْر َض َو َلن َتْبُلَغ ٱْلِج َباَل ُطواًۭل
And do not walk on the earth arrogantly. Surely you can neither crack the earth nor stretch to the
height of the mountains.
