1

Global Wireless E-Voting System

Pradeep Kumar Jangid 1, Monika Mehra 2
1,
Associate Professor, Department of Computer Science & Engineering, ACEIT, Kukas, Jaipur, Rajasthan, India
2
Assistant Professor, Department of Computer Science & Engineering, ACEIT, Kukas, Jaipur, Rajasthan, India
Email:pksalunia83@gmail.com, monikamehra@aryacollege.in

Abstract--We are seeing far better technological heart of the system. More than 605 million people cast ballots
advancements, but we do not believe that this degree of in approximately 800,000 polling places spread across vastly
advancement is being effectively utilized in the voting system. different geographic and climatic zones.
The existing voting system is highly insecure and inefficient in
Polling stations are available even in the Himalayas' snow-
terms of employing current technology, in that it cannot identify
whether a voter is eligible or not; instead, it relies only on the capped mountains, Rajasthan's deserts, and the Indian Ocean's
voting in-charge officer in the booth. Because the vote count is sparsely populated islands. Voting is extremely important in
contained within the piece of equipment, and if the in-charge democratic countries. As a result, we must implement an ideal
officer is corrupted, he has the opportunity to do so even while voting system that is both efficient and secure. People
moving the machines to the strong room, there is also the nowadays demand greater comfort and the ability to complete
possibility of inflating the vote total. As a result, we can no longer
rely on it. To overcome these drawbacks, a new method named
tasks quickly. They do not wish to cast their votes in their
"GLOBAL WIRELESS E-VOTING" is proposed. The system respective constituencies. They want everything to be done in
has been made intelligent so that it may check a voter's eligibility a way that does not jeopardise their comfort. One of the causes
by scanning the retina of a human eye. Also, the vote count is not for low polling percentages is because of this.
saved on the machine; instead, it is converted into radio waves As a result, we can address their needs with the help of
and stored on a remote server. No one can manipulate the vote contemporary technology by allowing them to vote with their
count in this system, and if the system fails, it will not influence
the voting process. It is an extremely safe voting system.
cell phone in their hands. We can also increase the vote
strength this way.
Index Terms--Database, E-Voting, Radio Waves, Remote
Server, Retina Pattern, Secured II. CONVENTIONAL SYSTEM AND ITS DRAWBACKS

I. INTRODUCTION A. Electronic Voting Machine (EVM)

The Electronic Voting Machine is the current system
V oting systems are being phased out in place of
computerized voting machines. In the current method,
each area is given an electronic machine that stores the votes
(EVM). A balloting unit and a control unit are included in this
system. With the help of balloting, we can cast our vote by
pressing the symbol next to the candidate's name. All votes are
of those who voted for the particular candidate.
stored in the control unit. The control unit is separated from
The in charge officer just checks the candidates' eligibility the balloting unit when the vote is completed. After that, no
before allowing them to vote. Finally, we gather all of the one may vote, and no one can increase the number of votes
voting machines in one location and count them. cast. The booth in-charge officer is the person who examines
If there are any technical issues or damage to the machines the voter's eligibility and directs them to the voting machine to
after the vote, it may result in a recount. Because the system is cast their ballot. The voter must touch the button next to the
unable to recognize a candidate's eligibility, the corrupted candidate's symbol that they want to elect.
officers may mislead the public. There will be a button labeled Result that will allow you to
After voting if any technical problems or damage occurs access the result. We can get the election results if we touch
with the machines it may leads to the re-election. The machine those buttons. The "Voter verified paper audit trial" is
is not able to recognize the eligibility of a candidate, so the currently being developed. In addition, the voter will be
corrupted officers may misguide the people. The corrupted handed a printed piece of paper giving the specifics of his
officers may increase the count of the voting. During vote. The Indian government has tried this method of voting in
transportation of the machines the in charge person can change a number of locations, including Chennai central, Bangalore
the status of machines and even may destroy. This system is south, and Mizoram.
not a cost effective one. Since we need security, in charge
officers, secured place for counting and election place. The B. Drawbacks of the present system
person from any other region cannot vote in for a candidate of Because the votes cast are saved in the machine itself, if the
other region. The voting take place where the machine is machine is broken, the votes cast up to that point will be lost.
located. Because it was not meant to do so, the system will not check
Also India is the world's largest democracy and a secular, the candidate's eligibility.
socialist, democratic republic. Having a constitutional These types of issues will be handled by the voting in-
charge officer. If the officer is corrupted, he may boost the
democracy with a parliamentary system of government, with
number of votes cast and destroy the voting machine.
the requirement to hold standard, free, and fair elections at the
Furthermore, this technique is costly because it necessitates A. Eye Retina Scanning
personnel, a secure location for counting, and the conduct of When a person enters the booth or in case he is voting
elections. from his home, the retina scanning machine must scan their
In India, conducting elections requires almost 5 million retina. When users stare into the retina scanner, it scans the
people. The voter is unable to vote from his current location. retina and efficiently captures the image. The captured image
He is required to travel to his particular area in order to cast will be recorded as a matrix, with each pixel representing a
his vote. 24-bit value. The interface device receives these signals. This
is an electronic kit that converts digital signals into radio
waves, such as (retina pattern votes + secure bits). The voting
mechanism was turned on by these signals.

Fig 1: Electronic Voting Machine (EVM)

III. PROPOSED SYSTEM AND ITS WORKING

The votes cast in the Global wireless e-voting system will
be saved on a remote secured server. An electronic technology
is employed to allow voters to vote, and this vote is then
converted into radio waves and sent to a remote secure system. Fig 3: Retina Scanning
Unlike prior methods, our system can scan a person's retina B. Detailed Election Process
pattern to determine whether or not they are eligible to vote.
In the proposed system, voltages are generated by the
Even if the machine is damaged, the votes will not be lost, and
voltage generator circuitries and sent to the A to D converter.
we will be able to vote from anywhere. Only if a person has a
The digital bit pattern will be generated by it.
retina scanner, then he will be able to vote by mobile device or
After that, a mixer blends the output of the interface
the internet.
device, A/D converter, and security bit generator. The output
The voting machine is a device that generates different
of the mixer is fed to the radio wave generator device, which
voltages for different votes, which are then fed into an A/D
generates radio waves from digital data and feeds them to the
converter, which converts the voltages into digital form, which
antenna, which transmits them to the mobile tower and
is then translated into radio waves.
subsequently to a remote server where the authentication and
There will be two voting options in the global wireless e-
voter identity are saved in a secure database. The received data
voting system:
is first transformed into digital format from radio waves via a
Firstly, a voter can vote from anywhere using his or her
server-side interface device, and then the retina pattern and
mobile device. However, the mobile device must have both an
vote are separated.
internet connection and a retina scanner.
The retina pattern is then compared to the current
Secondly, voter can go to the voting booth, to cast his vote.
database, and if a match is discovered, a flag is set to indicate
This process will continue because not every voter will have a
the voting status. If the voter has never voted, a positive
mobile device with an internet connection, and even if he does
acknowledgement is generated; otherwise, a negative
have, he will need a retina scanner. As a result, we go through
acknowledgment is generated and sent to the voting machine
this process to assist them as well as to allow illiterate people
via the mobile tower. If the voting machine receives a negative
to cast their votes.
response, it will sound an alarm.

IV. BARRIERS WHILE IMPLEMENTING THE SYSTEM

Before we start implementing the system, there are a few
things to think about:
1. Security
2. Efficiency
3. Geographical Problems
Another issue is that anyone can intercept radio waves and
track down a voter to vote. This may reveal the outcome
Fig 2: Block Diagram of E-Voting System before the process is completed. To avoid this problem, we
use data encryption and decryption to keep data's transparency becomes a concern that must be addressed using the
secret. appropriate secured techniques. When a voter casts his ballot,
we can offer him with a printed paper detailing the specifics of
A. Security
his vote. We can limit the number of fraudulent acts that occur
Because the radio wave of a mobile signal carries retina by using this printed paper.
patterns and votes, it requires protection. There are two
methods we can employ to provide security. VII. CONCLUSION
1. The CDMA method
2. At regular intervals, insert the security bit. This voting machine may be used at any level of election,
Encrypted data is constructed in such a way that the random and it is a very secure device that takes very little time to set
data is placed in the even place and the rest is placed in the up. It is a trustworthy and anti-corruption system that requires
odd place, making decryption very simple. Simply subtract the minimal manpower; hence this mechanism is error-free. It will
character in the even location from the character in the odd be accurate, discreet, and easy to use. Voters can come from
place. any location, town, or nation to cast their ballots. The system
is expensive, but it has so many advantages that it is far
B. Efficiency superior.
Because radio waves carry a lot of data, they take a little
longer to transmit. On the receiver side, the server supports
multiple access modes, which mean that more than one client, VIII. REFERENCES
can send data. To solve this problem, use compression 1. Dr.Aree Ali Mohammed1, Ramyar Abdolrahman
techniques on both the client and server sides to reduce data Timour2, Efficient E-voting Android Based System
transfer time. Rather than employing a single server PC, we IJARCSSE, Volume 3, Issue 11, November 2013
will use a distributed operating system environment with 2. Ronald L. Rivest, “Electronic Voting,” Technical
numerous servers, which allows for faster job sharing and Report, Laboratory for Computer Science,
processing, resulting in faster responses in a Multiple Access Massachusetts Institute of Technology.2013
Environment. 3. https://www.seminarsonly.com/computer%20science
C. Geographical Problems /Global_Wireless_E-Voting.php
4. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Elections_in_India
This problem occurs in areas where there is no mobile 5. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Electronic_voting_in_I
tower or internet access. To solve this difficulty, instead of ndia
using radio waves, the signal is converted into an electrical 6. R. Mercuri. Explanation of voter-verified ballot
signal and sent through an electrical conductor until it reaches systems. ACM Software EngineeringNotes
a location with a mobile tower and internet access. If we vote (SIGSOFT), 27(5). Also at
using a computer, a web camera is employed to scan the http://catless.ncl.ac.uk/Risks/22.17.html.
retina. 7. https://ijret.org/volumes/2016v05/i15/IJRET2016051
5004.pdf
V. MERITS AND DEMERITS OF THIS SYSTEM
A. Merits
1. A faster count and tabulation of votes.
2. It is a more precise and dependable technique.
3. More precise results since human error are eliminated.
4. The procedure takes a long time.
5. Less manpower is required.
6. Accessibility has improved.
7. Multi-user interfaces that can better serve a diverse
electorate than paper votes are a possibility.
8. It is better for people who are travelling overseas.
B. Demerits
1. There is less transparency.
2. This system necessitated the assistance of an expert.
3. Implementation costs are higher.
4. The possibility of signal entanglement.
5. Internet access is essential.

VI. FUTURE ENRICHMENTS

The idea could be improved to function on mobile phones
through SMS. We can enhance the vote percentage using this
way. However, when it comes to implementing it, security