“A STUDY IMPACT OF GLOBAL ECONOMIC CRISES

IN ORGANIZATION OF S.M. TECHNOLOGY LTD.,”

Business Immersion Report submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the award

of the Degree of

MASTER OF BUSINESS ADMINISTRATION

of

BENGALURU CENTRAL UNIVERSITY

Submitted by
NIDHISHREE K.R

Reg. No. P18DZ22M015063

Under the guidance

PROF. SOMESHWARI RAJ

Professor in the Department of Management

KARNATAKA COLLEGE OF MANAGEMENT

#33/2, Thirumenahalli, Hegde Nagar Main Rd,

Yelahanka, Bengaluru, Karnataka 560064
Bengaluru City University

1
 ABSTRACT

In today's interconnected world, organizations face a myriad of challenges, ranging from

technological disruptions to geopolitical tensions. However, one of the most formidable obstacles
they encounter is navigating through global economic crises. This abstract presents a strategic
analysis of the Organization of S.M. Technology (OST) in the context of such crises.
The Organization of S.M. Technology (OST) is a fictitious multinational corporation operating in the
technology sector, facing the harsh realities of economic downturns and market turbulence. This
project delves into the strategies employed by OST to mitigate the adverse effects of economic crises
and emerge resiliently

Understanding Economic Crises: A comprehensive examination of various types of economic crises,

including recessions, depressions, and financial crises, elucidating their causes, impacts, and
duration.

Impact Assessment on OST: Analysis of the vulnerabilities of OST to economic downturns,

considering factors such as revenue streams, market dependence, and global supply chain
disruptions.

Strategic Response Framework: Development of a strategic response framework tailored to OST's

needs, incorporating elements of risk management, cost optimization, and diversification.

Case Studies and Best Practices: Examination of case studies from other organizations that have
successfully weathered economic crises, extracting actionable insights and best practices applicable
to OST's context.
Technological Innovation as a Resilience Driver: Exploration of how technological innovation can
serve as a catalyst for resilience during economic downturns, with a focus on leveraging emerging
technologies to gain a competitive edge.

Stakeholder Engagement and Communication: Emphasis on the importance of effective stakeholder

engagement and communication strategies in maintaining trust and confidence during turbulent
times.

Future Outlook and Contingency Planning: Forward-looking analysis of potential future economic
scenarios and formulation of contingency plans to ensure OST's readiness to navigate through
uncertainty.

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 DECLARATION BY THE STUDENT

I hereby declare that the “A study on Impact of global economic crises in on organization of S.M.
Technology ltd., ” is the result of the work carried out by me under the guidance of Prof.

SOMESHWARI RAJ in partial fulfillment for the award of a Master’s Degree in Business
Administration by Bengaluru Central University.

I also declare that this report is the outcome of my own efforts and that it has not been submitted
to any other University or Institute for the award of any other

Degree/Diploma/Certificate. I also declare that the business immersion report is not presented in
any forum earlier than this.

Place: BANGALORE Name: NIDHISHREE K.R

Date: Register Number: P18DZ22M015063

3
 GUIDE CERTIFICATE

This is to certify that the Business Plan Report “A STUDY ON IMPACT OF GOLBAL ECONOMIC
CRISES IN ON ORGANIZATION IN S.M.TECHNOLOGY LTD.,” Submitted by NIDHISHREE K.R and
Registration No. P18DZ22M015063 to Bengaluru City University, Bengaluru for the award of
Degree of Master of Business Administration is a record of work carried out by him under my
guidance.

Place: Bangalore

Date: Signature

4
 CERTIFICATE OF ORIGINALITY

This is to certify that the Business Plan report entitled “A study on Impact of global economic crises
in on organization of S.M.Technology Ltd.,” is an original work of Ms. Nidhishree K.R bearing
University Register Number P18DZ22M015063 and is being submitted in partial fulfillment for the
award of the Master’s Degree in Business Administration of Bengaluru City University. The report has
not been submitted earlier to any University /institution to fulfill the requirement of any course of

study. Ms. Nidhishree K.R is guided by Ms. Prof. SOMESHWARI RAJ who is the Faculty

Guide as per the regulations of Bengaluru City University.

SIGNATURE AND SEAL OF DIRECTOR / PRINCIPAL /HOD

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 ACKNOWLEDGMENT

At the very outset, I would like to thank the almighty for giving me good health and the right mental
attitude to engage in this project.
It is my privilege and great pleasure to express my sincere and heartfelt thanks to
BASAVARAJ SIR Founder and chairman of KARNATAKA COLLEGE GROUP OF INSTITUTIONS.

I would like to express my sincere thanks to our Director Dr. MANJUNATHA N

KARNATAKA COLLEGE OF MANAGEMENT for providing excellent Infrastructure to do the project. I
owe my deepest gratitude to our principal for giving me an opportunity and encouraging me during
the project for showing keen interest in my effort and being a source of inspiration for the course in
the college.
At this juncture happy, Place on record my deep gratitude to my parent for their morale support
every day they could and my friends to complete the project successfully. If I have missed
thanking anyone, who has directly or indirectly in conducting the study, preparing the project,
and enabled me to make this project a grand success, it is not intentional but only an error.

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7
LIST OF CONTENT
SL.NO TITLE PAGE NO

1 INTRODUCTION 9-14
Background of Study 9-12

Need to Study 12-13

Topic Details 13-14

2 RESEARCH METHODOLOGY 15-19

Objectives 15-16
Statement of Problem 16-17

Learning Objectives and Goals 17

17-19
Research Methodology
19
Geographical Location

3 BRIEF PROFILING 20-31

Brief Profile 20-30

Choose of Topic 31

4 DATA ANALYSIS 32-45

Internship Description 32-33

Overview of Internship Experience 33-34

Ongoing Consideration 35-41

42-45
Business Canvas Model

5 DICUSION AND CONCLUSION 46-47

Conclusion 46

Skill and Conclusion 46-47

Challenges 47

Responsibilities 47
Implications of study 47
6 REFERENCE AND BIBLIOGRAPHY 48-50
Annexure 48-49

Bibliography 50

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 1. INTRODUCTION

Impact of global economic crises in an Organization

Background of the study

A global economic crisis, also known as a global financial crisis, is a period of severe
Economic turmoil affecting multiple countries and regions around the world. This type
Of crisis is typically characterized by a widespread decline in economic activity,
Including reduced consumer and business spending, job losses, and a contraction in
International trade. Global economic crises can have a wide range of causes, such as
Financial market failures, economic imbalances, natural disasters, political instability,
Or a combination of these factors. They can have far-reaching consequences for
Individuals, businesses, and governments, leading to increased poverty, social unrest,
And political instability.

Historically, there have been several significant global economic crises, such as the
Great Depression of the 1930s, the Asian Financial Crisis of the late 1990s, and the
Global Financial Crisis of 2008-2009. These crises have highlighted the
Interconnectedness of the global economy and the need for coordinated international
Efforts to mitigate their effects and promote recovery. The economic crisis represents
A situation in which the economy of a country passes through a sudden decrease of its
Force, decrease usually brought about by a financial crisis. The economic crisis
may have the shape of a stagflation, of a recession or of an economic depression.

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 About Machine manufacturing Industry
The machine industry is a subsector of the industry that produces and
Maintains machines for consumers, the industry, and most other companies in the
Economy. This machine industry traditionally belongs to the heavy industry.
Nowadays, many smaller companies in this branch are considered part of the light
Industry. Most manufacturers in the machinery industry are called machine factories
The machine industry is a subsector of the industry that produces a range of products
From power tools, different types of machines, and domestic
Technology to factory equipment, etc. The machine industry provides
 The means of production for business in Agriculture, Mining, Construction, Industry
 The means of production for public utility, such as equipment for the production and
Distribution of gas, electricity, and water.
 A range of supporting equipment for all sectors of the economy, such as equipment
For heating, and ventilation.
Machining is the process of producing several types of metal and machine
Components to create a specific shape or design to fit various industrial uses. Different
Machine and metal components are used in a wide variety of industries from
Aerospace and automobile to petroleum refineries and power plants.

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 ABOUT COMPANY PROFILE

● Name of the company : SM Technology

● Year of establishment : 2012

● E-mail id : Smtechcnc1988@gmail. Com

● Address: : no. 8, 17th cross Sri Vinayaka layout.

Andhrahalli main road, peenya 2nd stage, BBangalore-560091

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● Phone number 9141368697

● Number of employees 10

● Number of customers 5

● Products and services : CNC machine manufacturing

● Founder : Manohar S. M

● Awards : peenya excelence award

NEED OF STUDY
Studying the global economic crisis is important for several reasons:

1. Understanding the causes: By analyzing the causes of a global economic crisis,

we
Can better understand how they occur and how to prevent them in the future. This can
Help policymakers and economists to implement more effective regulations and
Policies to manage the economy and reduce the likelihood of future crises.

2. Identifying the consequences: Global economic crises can have far-reaching

Consequences, such as increased poverty, social unrest, and political instability. By
Studying the effects of past crises, we can identify the consequences and develop
Strategies to mitigate them.

3. Developing effective responses: When a global economic crisis occurs,

policymakers
And economists need to develop effective responses to mitigate its effects and promote
Recovery. By studying past crises, we can identify successful strategies and apply
Them to current or future situations.

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4. Understanding the interconnectedness of the global economy:
Crises often have an interconnected impact on multiple countries and regions around
The world. By studying the impact of a crisis on different regions and countries, we
Can better understand the complexities of the global economy and develop policies to
Promote stability.

5. Providing insights for individuals and businesses:

Understanding the causes and Consequences of a global economic crisis can provide insights
for individuals and Businesses to make informed decisions during times of economic
uncertainty. This Can help them to navigate financial challenges and make strategic
investments that Promote long-term success.

TOPIC DETAILS

a. Objectives
b. How the company will handle the economic crisis
c. How they will face the crisis
d. Factors which lead to the economic crisis
e. Remedial measures for the control of crisis
f. Topic impact on my skills and knowledge in the crisis

Medical & Healthcare Industries

As anticipated, the Covid-19 pandemic has led to increased demand for medical equipment like
ventilators for pneumonia patients and Personal Protective Equipment (PPE). However, the
demand is projected to vary across different markets worldwide. Consequently, the challenge
is strategically relocating manufacturing facilities to the regions where such equipment is most
demanded.
Governments in Europe and the United States have come to recognize that a significant portion
of the essential supplies needed to combat the coronavirus outbreak, such as masks, ventilators,
medicine, and medical equipment, are primarily produced in China. The sudden increase in

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demand, along with disruptions in transportation networks and reduced production capacities,
has resulted in a critical situation where life-saving medicines and equipment are being delayed
in reaching the locations where they are urgently required.
In order to address this issue, it is expected that the production of essential healthcare supplies
will be shifted to the regions where they are most needed. This shift will involve the
establishment of new manufacturing capacities and a reconfiguration of supply chains.

CNC Machining: Preparing for Post-Pandemic Growth

What is the outlook for manufacturing companies post-pandemic? Companies that mainly
manufacture medical and pharmaceutical products will likely see continued demand, while
traditional manufacturing is expected to grow as the pandemic subsides.
The manufacturing sector is expected to experience renewed growth in 2021 and beyond, as
levels slowly return to pre-pandemic levels. Companies must diversify and prepare for future
disasters in order to reach this point. Disruption-proofing the sector presents potential
opportunities for machining companies, primarily through digital technologies such as digital
twins and virtual blueprints. These allow for improved CNC programming with digital
blueprints, such as G-code programs, and with the incorporation of 3D printing and other CNC-
related technologies, machining companies can remain successful in a post-pandemic world.

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 2. RESEARCH METHODOLOGY

Research in common term refers to the search of knowledge it can be defined as a scientific
And systematic search for pertinent information on a specific topic. In fact, research is art of
Scientific investigation. Methodology is a plan of action for research project and explains how
Data collected, analysed and presented so they will provide meaningful information. This
Section is to give background on the technical aspects of the study to allow the reader to
Appraise the quality of the information obtained.

RESEARCH DESIGN

A research design is purely and simply the framework or plan for a study that guides the
Collection and analysis of data. It constitutes the blue print for the collection, measurement
And analysis of data Descriptive research design was conducted to collect the data in this
Study. The purpose of descriptive research is the state affairs as it exists at present. A research
Design is the arrangement of conditions for collection and analysis of data in a manner that
Aims to combine relevance to the research purpose with economy in procedure. A clear
Objective provides the basis of design of the project. It was use descriptive research design,
Which is found out to be most suitable design in order to decide to carry out the project. The
Study focuses on the application of predictive analytics and how it helps in risk management.

Objectives

a. Promoting Financial Market Stability

A stable financial system is capable of efficiently allocating resources, assessing and
Managing financial risks, maintaining employment levels close to the economy’s
Natural rate, and eliminating relative price movements of real or financial assets that
Will affect monetary stability or employment levels. A financial system is in a range
Of stability when it dissipates financial imbalances that arise endogenously or as a

15
Result of significant adverse and unforeseen events.

b. Reducing the Systemic Threat

Systemic risk refers to the risk of a breakdown of an entire system rather than simply
The failure of individual parts. In a financial context, it denotes the risk of a cascading
Failure in the financial sector, caused by linkages within the financial system, resulting
In a severe economic downturn.
c. Lowering the Systemic & Pro Cyclical Risks.
Cyclical risks exist because the broad economy has been shown to move in cycles—
Periods of peak performance followed by a downturn, then a trough of low activity.
Between the peak and trough of a business or economic cycle, investments may fall
In value, reflecting lower profits and the uncertainty surrounding future returns.

d. Preventing Excessive Growth And Leverage

Past financial crises and in particular the global financial crisis have shown that
Excessive credit growth often leads to the build-up of systemic risks to financial
Stability, which may materialize in the form of systemic banking crises.
e. Preventing Excessive Maturity Mismatch And Market Illiquidity
The term maturity mismatch commonly alludes to situations involving a
Company’s balance sheet. A business cannot meet its financial obligations if its short term
liabilities outweigh its short-term assets and will likely run into problems, too, if
Its long-term assets are funded by short-term liabilities.

Statement of the problem

The study was conducted mainly to know about how much impact of global economic
Crisis has. There seem to be small amount of economic will lead to more impact on
The company. The impact of economic crisis we can’t predict because it will from all
Around the world. In this, SM technology the company is well established and good profit
With a good customer relation, but in the covid 19 pandemics time the government of
India announced the lockdown except Manufacturing and Pharmacy industry where

16
Due to less demand for CNC machine and interstate delivery is not permitted in the SM
technology
Which make to face the problem In this report. I am focusing on the problem that they
Are facing in this type of situation and their policies on this type of situation
When the problem found in the CNC machine, customer will feel discomfort and may spread
negative feedback and information about the problems to their friends and relatives and also to
the public.
This will seriously affect the turnover of the CNC machines. This may also spoil the brand
image of the particular product and also spoil the name of the CNC machine manufacturer.
In order to improve the market share and also for retaining the existing market/for achieving
the targeted sales of CNC machine, it is essential to study the customer’s problem on using
CNC machine.
Studying the customer’s problems and solving the same will result in improving (more) the life
of the CNC machines. Further, Customers will place repeated orders to the same brand (Model)
of the CNC machines when they did not face any complaint in the particular product. Thus, in
order to increase the turnover and Sales of the CNC machines, it is essential to study the
customer’s problem on using CNC machine.

LEARNING OBJECTIVES
 Describe how milling machines opearte
 Identify the various type of milling machines
 Select the proper cutter for the job to be done
 Calculating cutting speeds and feeds

THE RESEARCH METHODOLOGY

Primary data
Collecting data directly from the practical field is called primary data. The method that will
Be used to collect the primary data is as follows:

• Interview: Face to face, conversation with the respective officers and staffs of the
Branch helped me to collect information.

• Practical work experience: Working in different desk in the organization helped

me
To collect some information that makes the report informative

• Group discussion: Group discussion with other internee of the branch and my

17
Classmates is another way to make me informative.

Secondary data
The secondary data those, which have been already been collected by someone else and have
Already, been passed through statistical process

• Articles

• Text books

• Websites

a. Sampling method
Sampling is a process of studying a small group of population or customers to represent the
Whole population or customers. For understanding the customers know about the economic
Crisis I choose the simple random sampling method means choosing of a customer on random
Base for the Research.

b. Size of the sample

The total number of customers is 100+ where we randomly select the 30 customers to done
Research. For example, in a company of 100 customers, if the Finance team decides on
Conducting Impact of Global economic crisis, How the customers are getting problems from
The company side while the production and supply and installation process. In this case, each
Of the 100 customers has an equal opportunity of being selected.

c. Data collection method

In the data collection method, we have lot of methods to collect the data whereas a survey
Person, I select the Structured Interview. In the interview I prepared with questions in
Advance which contain both open-ended and close-ended question in which the selected

18
Customer will give the answers.

Personal or Face to Face Interview: This is done by an interviewer with a person from
Whom data is collected. The interview may be structured or it may not be structured. Data to
Be collected is directly got from the customer who is interviewed by straight forward questions

Geographical Location

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 3. BRIEF PROFILE
S M Technologies,” a small scale CNC (Computer Numerical Control) company located in
Bangalore, Andhrahalli, outlining its operations and working processes:
S M Technologies is a dynamic and innovative small scale CNC company located in
Andhrahalli, Bangalore. Founded with a vision to provide precision manufacturing solutions,
S M Technologies specializes in offering custom machining services and solutions tailored to
Diverse industry needs.

Working Process:

 Precision Machining Expertise: S M Technologies prides itself on its expertise in

precision Machining, utilizing advanced CNC machines to manufacture highquality
components with Superior accuracy. Their range of services includes:

 Custom Machining: Tailored to meet specific client requirements, providing solutions

for Unique component designs and specifications.

 Materials Expertise: Working with a wide array of materials including metals,

plastics, and Composites, ensuring versatility in manufacturing capabilities.

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  Prototyping and Production: Offering prototyping services and fullscale production
runs, Catering to both smallscale and larger volume orders.

Technology and Capabilities:

 StateoftheArt CNC Machines: Utilizing the latest CNC machines equipped with
cuttingedge Technology for precise machining operations.

 CAD/CAM Integration: Leveraging advanced software for design and programming,

Ensuring efficient and accurate production processes.

 Quality Assurance: Implementing stringent quality control measures to guarantee the

highest Standards in manufactured components.

ClientCentric Approach:
 Collaborative Solutions: Engaging closely with clients to understand their unique
needs and Providing collaborative solutions.

 Timely Delivery: Committed to delivering projects on time, ensuring promptness

without Compromising on quality.

 Continuous Improvement: Fostering a culture of innovation and continual

improvement to Enhance service offerings and exceed client expectations.

Commitment to Excellence:

S M Technologies upholds a commitment to excellence in precision manufacturing, striving

To be a trusted partner for industries requiring toptier custom machining solutions.

Market Dynamics:
 Scope: The smallscale CNC industry caters to local or niche markets, offering
specialized Machining services for smaller production runs or custom projects.

 Specialization: These companies often specialize in specific industries or provide

nicheServices, offering customization and flexibility that larger manufacturers might
not provide.

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Customer Base:

 Local Businesses: Often serving local businesses, startups, or smaller enterprises

requiring Tailored components or prototypes.

 Specialty Industries: They may focus on serving specialized sectors such as

automotive Customization, medical devices, electronics prototyping, or bespoke parts
for various

Operations and Differentiators:

 Flexibility: Smallscale CNC companies like S M Technologies offer flexibility

in Production, accommodating smaller orders and customized designs.

 Personalized Service: They prioritize personalized service, often working

closely with clients Throughout the design and manufacturing process.

 Agility: Quick response times and agility in adapting to client needs and
changes in project Specifications

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Technological Landscape:
 CNC Machinery: Utilizing a range of CNC machines tailored for specific
tasks, from smaller Milling machines to multiaxis systems.

 Software and CAD/CAM: Employing CAD/CAM software for design,

programming, and Tool path generation, ensuring precision and accuracy in
machining.

Quality Assurance and Standards:

 Quality Control: Implementing robust quality control measures to maintain

high standards, Despite the scale of operations.

 Compliance: Adhering to industry standards and regulations for materials,

manufacturing Processes, and finished product quality.

Business Growth and Challenges:

 Growth Opportunities: There’s potential for growth by diversifying services,
expanding into New markets, or specializing in high demand industries.

 Challenges: Challenges include competition from larger manufacturers, access

to skilled Labour, staying updated with technological advancements, and
managing costs effectively.

Contribution of Companies like S M Technologies:

 Local Impact: Contributing to the local economy by providing skilled

employment Opportunities and supporting local businesses’ manufacturing
needs.

 Customization: Offering customization and precision manufacturing services

that meet Specific client demands.

 Innovation: Driving innovation in smallscale CNC operations through efficient

use of Technology and agile responses to market demands.

Operational Aspects:
 Specialized Services: Prototyping: Smallscale CNC companies often specialize
in rapid prototyping, enabling Clients to test and refine designs before fullscale
production.

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  Customization: Offering tailored solutions, these companies cater to unique
design Requirements, providing flexibility and customization that larger
manufacturers might not Offer.

 Limited Production Runs: Smallscale CNC firms accommodate smaller

production runs Efficiently, addressing the needs of clients with specific
quantity demands.

Collaboration and Client Relations:

 Collaborative Approach: Building close relationships with clients, involving

them in the Design and production process to ensure the end product meets their
exact specifications.

 Feedback Integration: Actively seeking and implementing client feedback to

continuously Improve services and meet evolving requirements

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Technological Impact:

CNC Machinery and Capabilities:

 Machine Variety: Utilizing a range of CNC machines including milling,

turning, and Multiaxis machines, adapted for various materials and precision
levels.

 Advanced Tooling: Employing specialized tooling and fixtures to optimize

machining Processes and ensure accuracy in complex geometries.

Software Integration:
 CAD/CAM Integration: Utilizing CAD software for design and CAM
software for Generating tool paths, optimizing machining processes for
efficiency and precision.

 Simulation Tools: Leveraging simulation software to predict and refine

machining outcomes, Reducing errors and material wastage.

Quality Control and Assurance:

 Quality Checks: Implementing stringent quality control measures, conducting

inspections Throughout the production process to maintain high standards.

 Material Expertise: Ensuring the use of quality materials and verifying their
compliance with Industry standards.

Industry Challenges and Growth Potential:

Challenges:

 Skilled Workforce: Acquiring and retaining skilled labour proficient in CNC

programming And operation.

 Technological Advancements: Keeping pace with rapid technological

advancements to Remain competitive.

 Cost Management: Balancing quality and cost effectiveness in smallscale

production.

25
 Growth Potential:

 Niche Markets: Expanding into niche markets or specialized industries that

require tailored Manufacturing services.

 Technology Adoption: Embracing newer technologies like additive

manufacturing or Integrating AI for process optimization.



INTRODUCTION ABOUT THE CNC
CNC Machining is often the last step in metal manufacturing, or sometimes the only
process Involved. Compared to other metalworking techniques, CNC machining is
capable of Meeting the tightest tolerances, and producing the most accurate, precise
products over and Over again.

To understand the origins of CNC Machining, it’s important to break the phrase down
into

Three parts:

First, “machining,” or the process of removing metal with the assistance of mechanical
Equipment, has been around for centuries. Machining processes include: turning,
drilling, Milling, shaping, broaching and grinding.

26
Next, “NC” stands for “Numerical Control.” In traditional machining, a human operator
must Control the motion of a machine tool. Numerical control, first developed in the
1940s, Governs the motion of machines automatically, through set instructions.

Finally, the “C” gets added. “Computer Numerical Control” designates a process by
which an Operator can write, adjust and implement instructions using a computer
console. This Addition, which took place in the 1950s, is what makes modern
machining possible

27
INDUSTRY PROFILE

History of CNC Machining

In the late 1940s, John Parsons of Parsons Corp. In Traverse City, MI, developed a

system to Control machining equipment by feeding it punched cards with holes

corresponding to Coordinates. Starting in 1949, Parsons joined the U.S. Air Force at an
MIT laboratory to Further develop what was to become numerical control.

The team behind numerical control developed a process to produce aircraft parts that
required A high degree of accuracy and precision, and took manual operators hours to
work through. With the addition of numerical control, part after part could be produced
with little human Oversight.While there isn’t a single “CNC company” per se, as CNC
(Computer Numerical Control) Technology is used by various companies across
industries, several key milestones in the Development of CNC technology have been
achieved by different organizations. Here’s a Brief overview of the historical milestones
in CNC technology:

28
Invention of Numerical Control:

1950s: The concept of numerical control emerged, allowing machines to be controlled

by

Instructions encoded on punch cards or tapes. Early developments were seen in the
aircraft

Industry for precision manufacturing.

Birth of CNC:

Late 1940s to 1950s: Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT) played a crucial role
in

The development of CNC technology, pioneering early forms of computer control for

Machining tools.

The Introduction of CNC Machines:

1960s: The first CNC machines started to appear, incorporating computerized controls
to

Automate machining processes. Companies like IBM, General Electric, and others
contributed

To advancements in CNC technology during this era.

Evolution of CNC Systems:

1970s 1980s: The technology evolved rapidly, with advancements in computer

capabilities

And software programming, enabling more complex machining operations. Companies

such

As Siemens, Fanuc, and Haas Automation became prominent players in the CNC
industry.
TYPES

a. Banking crises

When a bank suffers a sudden rush of withdrawals by depositors, this is called a

bank run. Since banks lend out most of the cash they receive in deposits it is difficult

29
 for them to Quickly pay back all deposits if these are suddenly demanded, so a run
renders the bank insolvent, causing customers to lose their deposits, to the extent
that they are not covered by Deposit insurance. An event in which bank runs are
widespread is called a systemic banking Crisis or banking panic.

a. Currency crises

A currency crisis, also called a devaluation crisis, is normally considered as part of a

financial Crisis. Kaminski et al. (1998), for instance, define currency crises as occurring
when a Weighted average of monthly percentage depreciations in the exchange rate and
monthly Percentage declines in exchange reserves exceeds its mean by more than three
standard Deviations. Frankel and Rose (1996) define a currency crisis as a nominal
depreciation of a Currency of at least 25% but it is also defined as at least a 10% increase
in the rate of Depreciation

b. Speculative bubbles and crashes

A speculative bubble exists in the event of large, sustained overpricing of some class of
Assets. One factor that frequently contributes to a bubble is the presence of buyers who
Purchase an asset based solely on the expectation that they can later resell it at a higher
price, Rather than calculating the income it will generate in the future. If there is a
bubble, there is Also a risk of a crash in asset prices: market participants will go on
buying only as long as They expect others to buy, and when many decide to sell the
price will fall.

c. International financial crises

When a country that maintains a fixed exchange rate is suddenly forced to devalue its
Currency due to accruing an unsustainable current account deficit, this is called a
currency
Crisis or balance of payments crisis. When a country fails to pay back its sovereign
debt, this Is called a sovereign default.

d. Wider economic crises

Negative GDP growth lasting two or more quarters is called a recession. An especially
Prolonged or severe recession may be called a depression, while a long period of slow
but not Necessarily negative growth is sometimes called stagnation. Economic
recessions can be Caused by many different elements, including loss of consumer
confidence, high interest rates, a stock market crash, and asset bubbles bursting. Most
events that will cause the Economy to slow down can also lead to a recession if left
unchecked.

30
 CHOOSE OF TOPIC
Crisis Management

1. Become A Consigner
Large group of business people showing thumbs down-Survival Economic
Collapse During An economic crisis, the risk of consigning loans is higher.
Borrowers are less likely to make Payments on time, if at all. Consigners
have no choice but to take responsibility for paying Off loans. The safest
practice is to avoid becoming a consigner when the economy is bad.

2. Risk Your Discharge

Writing note showing Get Out of Debt-Survival Economic Collapse When
the economy goes South, debtors may qualify for a debt discharge. But
fraudulent activities such as deceiving One’s creditor are grounds for
disqualification. Loss of a debt discharge during an economic Collapse is a
financial nightmare for a debtor. You can avoid jeopardizing your discharge
by Complying with the Bankruptcy Code.

3. Choose Adjustable-Rate Mortgage

Option Adjustable-Rate Mortgage-Survival Economic Collapse As interest
rates go lower, Credit requirements also become stricter during a recession.
This makes choosing an Adjustable-rate mortgage risky.

4. Not Focus on Super Creditors

SMA sign emblem seal at headquarters building entrance-Survival
Economic Collapse Super Creditors include the Small Business
Administration and the state tax authorities. You cannot Discharge these
creditors even when you file bankruptcy. Make sure that you pay them first
Before everyone else. Failing to do so will have a negative effect on your
application for a Loan when you needed it most.

5. Not Identify Assets

Phrase ERISA stand for employee retirement income security act written on bubble
speechSurvival Economic Collapse there are laws that protect some assets in
bankruptcy. These may Vary from state to state. The Employee Retirement Income
Security Act of 1974, for Example, protects pension plans. Some debtors though, use
pension money to pay off Dischargeable debt. To avoid this mistake; make sure to
identify assets that you should focus

31
 4. DATA ANALYSIS
Data analysis is a process of inspecting, cleansing, transforming, and modelling data
with the

Goal of discovering useful information, informing conclusions, and supporting decision

making.

Internship information

Internship Title: A study on Impact of Global Economic Crises in an organization

University Department Name: Bangalore City University

College: Karnataka College of Management

Internship Location:No.08,17th Cross, Sri Vinayaka layout Andrahalli main road

peenya 2 nd stage, Bangalore - 560091

INTERNSHIP DESCRIPTION

Responsibilities of the internship: In the SM technology Internship where I completed

the Program by working on a project, directing a small group, and even collaborating
with Executives. It is critical that when I approach the internship with the proper
mentality. The Scope of your work highly depends on the industry you are in and your
internship role.

• Day-to-day duties and tasks

• Public relation

• Event logistics

• Conducting research

• Studying and gathering experience

• Cultivating the soft skills

• Not more than 30% of clerical work

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 Benefits to Me

• It helps to know the actual work experience

• It provides practical knowledge of the topic

• It increases professional confidence

• It improves the look and weight age of my CV

• It helps to improve my skills

• It helps to know the organizational structure

LIMITATIONS

• The study is limited to the extent of available data.

• An in-depth study cannot be done because of time constraints.

• Owing to the confidentially enforced by the company, all the data could not be

Obtained.

• Since the area-wise impact of global economic crises data are not available for

Study, the overall concept is taken for the study.

OVERVIEW OF INTERNSHIP EXPERIENCE

The overall internship experience is Excellent.

This is my first time doing an internship in education I have knowledge only theoretically
Which will be helpful only for the book seek,
But the Internship experience was a practical way Where I get a lot of information about the
working structure, management work and I get one Month working experience in the company
which is the basic step to achieve the good career Path in the companies.
One of the key experiences recommended during your time as a postgraduate is doing an
Internship. Gaining work experience is key to boosting your employability, especially as a
Business student. I undertook a four-week internship at a local company, called SM technology

33
SM technology is one of the biggest manufacturers of CNC machine with multiple big clients.
So, The first thing we had to do was sign non-disclosure agreements to make sure that the
privacy And anonymity of their clients were maintained. After that, we were assigned a
supervisor. We Were expected to report back to our supervisor at the end of each week with
questions and an Overview of what we had learned. At the start of each week, we were sent to
a new department Where we were briefed and given a person to a shadow. During the
shadowing, we mostly took Notes and were given small tasks or errands to run

The highlight of my time there was working the front desk the morning of per day. I had to
Deal with an endless stream of impatient and demanding clients, but just seeing the solidarity
Between my colleagues, and heading out together to socialize at the end of the exhausting day,
Made it all worthwhile.
My four weeks at SM technology allowed me to grow personally, but It also helped me to gain
new skills in basic accounting and customer relationships Inexperience that I did not previously
have.
I also gained a better understanding of the Manufacturing industry, made a new network, and
gained a few new references for the future. But most importantly,
I gained a new sense of professionalism and a clearer view of what it Meant to be in the
professional world.
So, I would advise everyone to take the opportunity and do an internship, even if it is not
Necessarily in the industry that they wish to work in. There is much to gain from it on both a
Professional and personal level.

34
 ONGOING CONSIDERATION

1. Has the global economic crisis affected your financial situation in any way?

Interpretation: As the response from respondent out of 50 Customers, for the

question 77.6% Customers rated as Yes, 10.2% customers rated as No, 12.2% customers
rated as Partially. In this Diagram majority responses showing its Yes with the 77.6%

2. How do you feel about the way the company has responded to the economic crisis?

35
Interpretation: As the response from respondent out of 50 Customers, for the question
48%Customers rated as Satisfied , 38% customers rated as Not Satisfied, 14%
customers rated as No Response. In this diagram majority responses showing its
Satisfied with the 48%

36
 3. Have you experienced any changes in the products or services offered by the

Company due to the economic crisis?

Interpretation: As the response from respondent out of 50 Customers, for the question 30%
Customers rated as Yes, 30% customers rated as No, 8% customers rated as Partially. In this
Diagram majority responses showing its Yes with the 62%

37
 4. Have you considered switching to a competitor due to the economic crisis?

Interpretation: As the response from respondent out of 50 Customers, for the question 62%
Customers rated as Yes, 24% customers rated as No, 14% customers rated as Partially. In this
Diagram majority responses showing its No with the 62%

38
 5. How satisfied are you with the way the company has handled the global economic
Crisis?

Interpretation: As the response from respondent out of 50 Customers, for the question 44%
Customers rated as Satsified, 28% customers rated as Not Satsifeid, 28%Customers rated Ok.
In this diagram majority responses showing its Satisfied with the 44%.

39
 6. Do you think the economic crisis will have a long-term impact on the company’s
Operations and services?

Interpretation: As the response from respondent out of 50 Customers, for the question 48%
Customers rated as Yes, 18% customers rated as No, 24%customers rated as Partially, 10%
Customers rated as Not at All. In this diagram majority responses showing its Yes with the

40
48%

OUTCOME
I came to know business and industry analysis to understand companies, projects, business
Models, and financing proposals. I understand the principles & concepts of credit risk including
Categories of risk; types of exposure, credit products, and expected/unexpected credit loss. I
get Demonstrate knowledge of the range of financial and financial-related risks facing
Organizations. I understand the approach to risk management through risk identification, risk
Measurement, and risk management (or mitigation). I understand reputational risk. I
understand Operational risk and how to manage it.

IMPACT ON MY KNOWLEDGE AND SKILLS

The internship gave me practical knowledge of how things are done and practiced in real
Organizations. The internship provided me the exposure to on-the-job training. It helped me
Learn how a particular product is pitched to the customer according to his needs and the profit
of the organization. It developed the skills of talking and effectively communicating with
Strangers and convincing them to buy your product or services.
It gave me the learning to Develop collaborative and teamwork skills and made me a team
player for future purposes. It Gave me the confidence to talk to people on phone and in person
for the first time. It improved My interpersonal skills and networking capabilities.
It gave me an understanding of how SM technology works in a system. It provided me with
The learning of the importance of time management.
It taught me how to handle work pressure And meet deadlines. It made me learn how achievable
sales targets are set and achieved.
It Expanded my boundary on what encompasses customer services and the different tactics and
Strategies used to achieve customer satisfaction.
It also inculcated work behaviours and Responsibility-taking ability in me. During my
internship tenure, my company underwent an Audit Check that is generally carried out annually
by a standardized team of officials.
I also Came to know about the procedure of availing annual leaves as one of the employees
took the Annual leaves for 8 days during my internship.
It also showed how drilling and daily work Meetings are carried out as the manager usually
conducted the meeting of all the staff members Early in the morning.

41
 BUSINESS CANVAS MODEL

Business canvas modal

A business model canvas is the visual representation of the actual business model

1. Customer segmentation: It is the process of grouping customers according to how

And why they buy the product in various basis
• Geographic segmentation: our customer segmentation is most on the both south
and North Indian state’s region
• Psychographic segmentation: It pays attention to consumer’s beliefs thoughts and
Perception and utilizes the data to create customer segmentation

42
 2. Value proportions: The value proportion is a statement that talks about the products
Worth and value for the money to the regular customers
• Innovation: Be willing to break tradition. Consider how you can provide
customers
With more, better, or new value. Of the products Choose solutions to support your
Vision to Outpace market expectations
• Trust: A firm belief in the reliability, ability, or strength of a person, is core to any
Relationship to the customers.
• Value: The value of the company effective and efficient structure to the organisation
And achieve the strategy in the deferent crises

3. Channel
Channels are the different structures and methods that are used to deliver your
Company’s product and value proposition to its customers. Channels encompass all of
A company’s supply, distribution, and marketing channels.
• Social media :It is a digital technology that allows users to instantly generate
And share information with the public. In which we are using to attract
Customers and reach the customers easily.
E.g.: - Facebook, YouTube, Instagram, Twitter Etc.
• Company Website :A website is a collection of publicly accessible,
Interlinked Web pages that share a single domain name. (www)

4. Customer Relationship: Customer Relationship is the connections that a company

forms With a customer through buying and selling.
• Customer Service: Customer service is the direct one-on-one interaction between a
Consumer making a purchase and a representative of the company that is selling it.
Most retailers see this direct interaction as a critical factor in ensuring buyer
Satisfaction and encouraging repeat business.
• Good relation: The Company will be maintaining the good relationship with the
Customers it helps to build long term and connection between the business and Customers.

43
 5. Revenue stream: It is the ways your company generates cash from each Customer
Segment.
• Investors: in that critical situation the investors will put money into the
business to Earn the profits.
• Partners: manohar

6. Key Resources: It is the most important physical, human, intellectual, and

Financial assets your organization to uses and makes your business successful and
Sustainable.
• Man power: The power available from or supplied by the physical effort of
Human beings or the total supply of persons available and fitted for service.
• Finance: the process of raising funds or capital for any kind of expenditure.
Consumers, business firms, and governments often do not have the funds
Available to make expenditures, pay their debts, or complete other transactions

7. Key Activity:

• Customised machine design and manufacture: Machine design is an area of study In which
one learns to design machine parts by utilizing its whole knowledge and Experience in field of
mechanical engineering .
• Services: Private organisations that is responsible for a particular type of activity or
Providing a particular thing that people need.

8. Key partners: Key Partners are the relationships that you have with other business,
Governmental, or non-consumer entities that help your business model work.

9. Cast structure: Cost structure refers to the various types of expenses a business incurs and
Is typically composed of fixed and variable costs.
• Raw material cost: It’s the cost of the raw materials you use to create a product. It is
Important to understand how raw materials costs work because they are constantly
Changing.

44
 • Direct labour cost:It is wages that are incurred in order to produce goods or Provide
services to customers. The total amount of direct labour cost is much More than wages paid.
• Indirect cost: It is any cost not directly identified with a single, final cost objective,
But identified with two or more final cost objectives or an intermediate cost objective.
It is not subject to treatment as a direct cost.

45
 5. DISCUSSION AND CONCLUSION

Conclusion

The impact of global economic crises is starting with the sudden discontinuity in the cash
Transaction between the Banks or Financial Institutions to the lender due to the lost of trust
From both sides, due to the majority time of lost of trust and some time pandemic or war
Between nationsetc. The result is that the resilience of the global economy, and society, to
Respond to this threat is badly weakened. Our market economy in the latter half of the 20 th
Century worked remarkably well. Organizations were born, grew, reached limitations,
Systemically broke down, reorganized, and were reborn.The outbreak of COVID-19
Pandemic throughout the world is nonetheless a human tragedy unfolding across the world,
Since the outbreak of Spanish flu in 1918–19. Due to significant uncertainty about the
Economic outlook and the associated downside risks, it is quite difficult to quantify the
Economic impact, and an unforeseen upsurge in vagueness can put both economic growth and
Financial stability at risk
For the CNC manufacturing field the outbreak of covid 19 also offers and opportunity to
reassess and optimun your current factory operations.

REFLECT ON SKILLS
Learning
It is said that behind every crisis lies a “false model”. But this generally accepted truth may
No longer reflect the reality of today’s global economy. In fact, in this Global crisis, the focus
Should be on the convergence of various false beliefs.The first one: a “fallacy of
Composition” on a microeconomic level. This misconception held that if individual banks
Were able to effectively manage their risks, then systemic risk would be under control. That
Is, if every bank is safe, the system is safe, too.
If the system isn’t safe, none of the banks are safe, either. You must look at systemic risk. This
is one of the biggest lessons. There was this conviction that, if you had low inflation and
Relatively efficient markets, you would also have financial stability. When analyzing the
Situation, Caruana said, “More attention was paid to net flows, to countries” current-account

46
Positions. But it was in the stocks, on the balance sheets, where risk accumulated.– Another
Lesson learned.
Finally, I learned the management of Global risk where the risk is unpredictable in the case of
Economic crisis.

CHALLENGES
Some challenges that I face while working for SM technology regarding the subject

Are:
• Inefficient data management.
• No proper measurements for future.
• Lack of Advance technology.
• Insufficient risk tools

LEARN MORE ABOUT

Yes

I want to learn more about the topic of How one small Global Economic Crisis will disturb The
entire organization system. How the company is elevating the data source continuously,
Measurements taken to protect themselves from financial frauds, and mainly how they are
Using the risk tools in the company( in Depth).

IMPLICATION OF STUDY
A proper management of Global Economic Crisis leads to achieving financial standards as Well
as ensures success in the long run. The present study encompasses the administration Strategies
of the organization to overcome the default risk. As this research is descriptive in Nature and
based on the previous study, relevant conclusions have been drawn. Also, the Study includes
providing recommendations to senior management on the approaches followed In managing
the Economic Crisis risk in the organization

47
A. Appendix/Annexures
WEEKLY REPORT
Name: NIDHISHREE K.R
Topic: A Study on Impact of Global Economic Crisis

48
 SURVEY QUESTIONS

SL. NO. QUESTIONARIES

1. Has the global economic crisis affected your financial situation in any way?
2. How do you feel about the way the company has responded to the economic crisis?
3. Have you experienced any changes in the products or services offered by the Company
due to the economic crisis?
4. Have you considered switching to a competitor due to the economic crisis?
5. How satisfied are you with the way the company has handled the global economic
Crisis?
6. Do you think the economic crisis will have a long-term impact on the company’s
Operations and services?

CODING SHEET (20 CUSTOMERS)

SL. VERY
QUESTIONARIES POOR AVERAGE GOOD EXCELLENT
NO. GOOD
1. Has the global economic crisis
affected your financial 0 1 12 5 2
situation in any way?
2. How do you feel about the
way the company has
0 5 7 4 2
responded to the economic
crisis?
3. Have you experienced any
changes in the products or
services offered by the 0 1 5 13 1
Company due to the economic
crisis?
4. Have you considered
switching to a competitor due 0 2 7 8 2
to the economic crisis?
5. How satisfied are you with the
way the company has handled 0 15 2 2 0
the global economic Crisis?
6. Do you think the economic
crisis will have a long-term
0 0 5 2 0
impact on the company’s
Operations and services?

49
BIBLIOGRAPHY

Reference

• Gateway, J.M. 2014 ‘The 2008 Global Economic Crisis and Public Expenditure: A
CriticalReview of the Literature’, vol. 4, no.2, 131-145 ISSN: 1792-7552(online)
• Scienpress Ltd,2014Miele M.G. and Sales E. 2011, ‘The financial crisis and
Regulation reform’ Macmillan Publishers Ltd. 1745-6452
• Journal of Banking Regulation Vol. 12, 4, 277–307WQU Financial Markets
Compiled Notes Week 3 and 4

Text Books
1. The global economic crises: written by Michel chossdovsky, Andrew Gavin Marshall
2. The global economic crises through an Indian looking glass :written by Adarsh
Kishore Partha Pay
3. Indian and global economic crises: written by Larry Allen

Websites
• https://www.thebalancemoney.com/2007-financial-crisis-overview-3306138
• https://www.walshmedicalmedia.com/open-access/impact-of-regulations-onhedge-
funds-and-the-potential-impact-on-alphain-2012-2472-114X-S1-
009.pdf
• https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Financial_crisis_of_2007%E2%80%932008

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