Ethiopian Civil Service University
College of Urban Development and Engineering
Housing and Real Estate Valuation Department
(Masters Program)
Module : ARCHITECTURAL DRAWING & QUANTITY SURVING
Part 1 : ARCHITECTURAL ( BUILDING) DRAWING – LISSANEWORK SILESHI
Part 2 : QUANTITY SURVEYING – SITOTA GIRMA
Session II: Arch‘al Design Drawing
2022
1
2. Architectural Design Drawing
2.1 Definition
• Orthographic projection
of a building
• Orthographic Projection
• a way of representing a 3D object by 2D drawings
• C:\Users\Administrator\Desktop\Simple orthographic drawing of a
house.mp4
2
2.2 Architectural Drawing Conventions
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4
Architectural Drawing (cont…)
Architectural Drawing (cont…)
Architectural Drawing (cont…)
Architectural Drawing (cont…)
Architectural Drawing (cont…)
Architectural Drawing (cont…)
Architectural Drawing (cont…)
Architectural Drawing (cont…)
Architectural Drawing (cont…)
Architectural Drawing (cont…)
Architectural Drawing (cont…)
2.3 Basic Components of Architectural Drawing
• Floor Plan
• Sections
• Elevations
• Site Plan
• 3Ds
• Schedules
• Details
Architectural Drawing (cont…)
2.4 Floor Plan
C:\Users\Administrator\Desktop\How to Sketch a Floor Plan.mp4
Architectural Drawing (cont…)
Line Convention
• Section Line (0.5, 0.6, 0.7 line weight)
• Cut/ Sectioned part of a building
• Walls, column, door and window frames
• Elevation Line ( 0.3 & 0.4 line weight)
• Un-sectioned but visible part of the building
• Wall under window and text
• Light Line ( 0.2 & 0.25 line weight)
• Floor Finish
• Furniture & Fixture
• Hatching
• Long Dash Line
• Parts above cutting plane
• Small Dash Line
• Parts below cutting plane
Architectural Drawing (cont…)
Floor Plan
• Gives more information than other drawings
• Exterior and Partition Walls
• Openings: Door and Window
• Dimension: Exterior, Interior, Center to center, Area, Level
• Name and Arrangement of Rooms
• Floor Finishing
• Furniture and Fixture
• Structural Elements: Column location and arrangement
Architectural Drawing (cont…)
Floor Plan
• A building will have as many floor plans as its number of stories.
• When it is a single story building it will have only one floor plan
• If it is a double or triple story building or more, it will have two
or three or more floor plans respectively.
Architectural Drawing (cont…)
Information on Floor Plan
• Minimum information requirements for floor plans include, but
are not limited to the following:
• Exterior, interior and partition wall layouts, dimension & material
• Column location, size and arrangement
Architectural Drawing (cont…)
Information on Floor Plan (cont…)
• Room name, area and floor finish
Architectural Drawing (cont…)
Information on Floor Plan (cont…)
• Dimension: Exterior, Interior, Center to center, Area, Level
Architectural Drawing (cont…)
Information on Floor Plan (cont…)
• Opening: Door and window
• Opening Location, Direction and Mark
Architectural Drawing (cont…)
Information on Floor Plan (cont…)
• Stair
• Direction of rise up
• Trade Dimension
• Staircase Width
• Number of Trade
• Landing Level
• Landing Dimension
Architectural Drawing (cont…)
Information on Floor Plan (cont…)
• Section Line
• Center Lines
Architectural Drawing (cont…)
Information on Floor Plan (cont…)
• Fixture
• Furniture
Architectural Drawing (cont…)
• Scale
• 1:50 for small buildings
• 1:100 for large buildings
• Application
• A base for generation of other building drawings like
section, elevation, site plan etc………
• An input for structural, electrical and sanitary design and
drawing preparation
Architectural Drawing (cont…)
2.5 Section
Architectural Drawing (cont…)
Types of Section
Architectural Drawing (cont…)
Types of section (cont…)
Architectural Drawing (cont…)
• Location of Cutting Plane
• It should pass through
• Stair case: to show vertical circulation
• Openings: to show details of windows & doors
• Important interior space: to show interior rooms detail
• Info. to prepare section
• Foundation System
• Floor System
• Wall System
• Structural System
• Roof System
• Drainage System
• Opening Type
Architectural Drawing (cont…)
Line Convention
• Section Line (0.5, 0.6, 0.7 line weight)
• Cut/ Sectioned part of a building
• Walls, column, door and window frames
• Elevation Line ( 0.3 & 0.4 line weight)
• Un-sectioned but visible part of the building
• Wall behind window and text
• Light Line ( 0.2 & 0.25 line weight)
• Furniture & Fixture
• Hatching
Architectural Drawing (cont…)
Preparation of Section
Architectural Drawing (cont…)
Preparation of Section (cont…)
Architectural Drawing (cont…)
Preparation of Section (cont…)
Architectural Drawing (cont…)
Purposes of Section
• Show vertical arrangement and
location of rooms
• Reveal vertical circulation system
• Describe the material & dimension
• Show the construction system
• Wall, column, partition, beams,
roofs,& foundation
• Reveal parts which are not visible in plan
Architectural Drawing (cont…)
Information on Section
• Dimension
• Exterior (m): roof, openings, overhangs,
balcony, over all height
• Interior (cm): floor to floor, floor to ceiling,
floor to opening
• Level (m): floor level, stair level etc
Architectural Drawing (cont…)
Information on Section ( cont…)
• Foundation in Section
• Material Specification
• from ground to grade beam
• Size and Depth of foundation
• Hardcore and fill material
Architectural Drawing (cont…)
Information on Section ( cont…)
• Floor in section
• Material Specification from floor finish to ceiling finish
• Thickness of floor system components
• Floor Slope
• Floor Level
Architectural Drawing (cont…)
Information on Section ( cont…)
• Roof in section
• Material specification: from ceiling to roof finish
• Purlin, truss & ceiling batten c/c dimension
• Roof flashing, height and slope
Architectural Drawing (cont…)
Information on Section ( cont…)
• Staircase in section
• Material specification: from trade to stair bottom finish
• Dimension: riser, handrail, landing and slab
Architectural Drawing (cont…)
Information on Section ( cont…)
• Room in section
• Room name
• Wall Finish
• Fixture & Furniture
Architectural Drawing (cont…)
2.6 Elevation
Architectural Drawing (cont…)
• a horizontal orthographic projection of a building on to a vertical
plane
Architectural Drawing (cont…)
Elevation
• Shows the exterior views of
the building for each building face
• Reveals height relationships and
exterior material finishing information
• May be labeled in relation to the compass direction it faces,
• e.g. north, south, east and west elevation
• May be also labeled in relation to viewer stand point
• e.g. front, rare, left and right side elevation
Architectural Drawing (cont…)
Information on Elevation
• Describes exterior finishing materials of the building
• Roof Material, Wall Finishing Material, Opening Material,
Roof Drainage Material
Architectural Drawing (cont…)
Information on Elevation
• Indicates vertical location & shape of parts of the bldg
• Door, window, balcony, external stair case
Architectural Drawing (cont…)
Information on Elevation
• Gives dimensions of exterior components of a bldg
• Roof, Balcony, Openings, Doors, Windows
Architectural Drawing (cont…)
Information on Elevation
• Reveals exterior appearance of buildings
Architectural Drawing (cont…)
Information on Elevation
• Shows structural axis of abuilding
Architectural Drawing (cont…)
2.7 Site Plan
Architectural Drawing (cont…)
Site Plan (cont…)
Architectural Drawing (cont…)
Site Plan (cont…)
Architectural Drawing (cont…)
Site Plan
• Is a type of plan, showing the whole context of a building
and its compound
• shows all the services connections like drainage and sewer lines,
water supply, electrical and communications cables, etc.
• Reveal the size and orientation of proposed new and existing
buildings
• Identifies natural features of a site like topography, greenery, water
bodies etc.
Architectural Drawing (cont…)
Information on Site Plan
• Site boundary
• North Arrow
• Legend
• Dimension
• Overall
• Internal
• Contour Lines
• Greenery
• Utility Lines
• Water Features
• Street
• Site Features
Architectural Drawing (cont…)
2.8 Architectural Detail Drawings Architectural
• Assembly Drawing shows all parts of a Drawing
building being together.
• Detail drawings provide very specific
information about a particular part of a Assembly Detail
building. Drawing Drawing
• Floor Plans • Window
• Detail drawings provide enlarged
Schedule
drawings to show specific details. • Sections • Door
• Assembly Drawing provide overall • Elevations schedule
• Roof
drawings to show the overall • Site Plans Detail
arrangement of a building parts. • Stair
• Detail drawings define materials, Detail
techniques, and special applications. • Wall
Section
Architectural Drawing (cont…)
Architectural Detail Drawings (cont…)
• Detail drawings are often
combined to assembly drawings.
• When a particular area of a plan
sheet has a corresponding
alphabetical or numerical
indicator, it is referring to the
detail sheets.
• This indicator directs the
professionals to a particular
enlarged drawings on the detail
sheet.
Architectural Drawing (cont…)
A. Foundation Detail shows
• Foundation type
• Size / Dimension of foundation
• Material
Architectural Drawing (cont…)
B. Wall Section shows
• A section that shows the
construction detail of a typical
wall with larger scale
Architectural Drawing (cont…)
C. Roof Detail
1. Flashing Detail
Architectural Drawing (cont…)
Roof Detail (cont…)
2. Gutter Detail shows
• Type, material, dimension and
connection of down pipe & gutter
Architectural Drawing (cont…)
D. Stair Detail
1. Stair Detail Plan shows
Architectural Drawing (cont…)
D. Stair Detail (cont…)
2. Stair Section & Details show
• Handrail, Balustrade and slab details
Architectural Drawing (cont…)
E. Window Schedule
• a table with drawing which gives
detail information
• each window found in plans should
appear in window schedule
• mostly drawn in 1:20
• info. in window schedule includes
• Window Symbol
• Quantity
• Window Type
• Size
• Material
• Opening Direction
• Other Remarks
Architectural Drawing (cont…)
F. Door Schedule
• a table with drawing which gives
detail information about doors
• each door found in plans should
appear in door schedule
• mostly drawn in 1:20 scale
• info. in door schedule includes
• Door Symbol
• Quantity
• Door Type
• Size
• Material
• Opening Direction
• Other Remarks
Architectural Drawing (cont…)
G. Finishing Schedule
1. Wall Finish
1.1 Painting
1.2 Gypsum plastering & painting
1.3 Quartz
1.4 Ceramic
2. Ceiling Finish
2.1 Plastering & Painting
2.2 Gypsum plastering & painting
2.3 PVC
2.4 Gypsum
3. Floor Finish 1.2 2.2
3.1 4.4
3.1 Wooden Parquet
3.2 Porcelain Tile
3.3 Ceramic Tile
3.4 PVC Tile
4. Skirting Finish
4.1 PVC Skirting
4.2 Ceramic Skirting
4.3 Porcelain Skirting
4.4 Wooden Skirting
2.9 Roof Plan
2.10 Reflected Ceiling Plan
End of Architectural
Drawing !!!
