Q.1What is Rural Outreach (RO)?

Answer:- Through Rural Outreach Program students go to

villagesand identify the problems of villagers. Rural
outreachrefers to programs or initiatives that aim to
provideservices, resources, or support to individuals
andcommunities living in rural areas. These programs mayfocus
on areas such as education, healthcare, economicdevelopment,
or social services, and may be provided byorganizations such as
government agencies, nonprofits, or private businesses. The
goal of rural outreach is typicallyto improve the quality of life for
people living in ruralareas and address the unique challenges
that these communities face.
Q.2 What are the objectives and importance of
rural development?
Answer:- The objectives of rural development are to improve the
standard of living of the rural population by promoting economic
growth and reducing poverty, as well as to promote sustainable
use of natural resources and conserve biodiversity and
ecosystems.

Rural development is important for a number of reasons. Here

are a few:

1. Economic growth and job creation: Rural areas often have

lower levels of economic development and fewer job
opportunities compared to urban areas. Rural development
programs can help to create jobs, stimulate economic growth,
and improve the standard of living in these areas.

2.Poverty reduction: Rural areas often have higher rates of

poverty compared to urban areas, and rural development
programs can help to address this by providing access to
resources and services that can help to improve the livelihoods
of rural residents.

3. Infrastructure and services: Rural areas often have a lack

of infrastructure and public services, such as roads, schools, and
healthcare facilities. Rural development programs can help to
build and improve infrastructure and services, making them more
accessible to rural residents.
4.Environmental sustainability: Rural development can help to
promote sustainable use of natural resources, such as land and
water, and conserve biodiversity and ecosystem.

5.Social inclusion: Rural development programs can help to

promote social inclusion and empower marginalized
communities, such as women and ethnic minorities, by providing
access to resources and services and promoting greater
participation in decision-making processes.
Q3) What are the policies and schemes of
government in Rural development?
Answer:- There are several policies and schemes of the
government of India that focus on rural development. Some of
the major ones include:

1.Pradhan Mantri Gram Sadak Yojana (PMGSY):

This scheme aims to connect all habitations with a population of
500 or more in the rural areas with all-weather roads.

2. Pradhan Mantri Awas Yojana - Gramin (PMAY-G):

This scheme aims to provide affordable housing to the rural poor
by 2022.
3.National Rural Livelihoods Mission (NRLM):
This scheme aims to reduce poverty by promoting self-
employment and wage employment opportunities for the rural
poor.

4.National Rural Drinking Water Programme (NRDWP): This

scheme aims to provide safe drinking water to the rural
population.

5.National Rural Health Mission (NRHM): This scheme aims

to improve the health status of the rural population by providing
accessible, affordable, and quality healthcare.
6. Mahatma Gandhi National Rural Employment Guarantee
Act (MGNREGA): This scheme aims to provide at least 100
days of guaranteed wage employment in a financial year to every
rural household whose adult members volunteer to do unskilled
manual work.
Q.4 Explain the Key issues of rural
development.
Answer:- Following are the key issues of rural development:

1.DEVELOPMENT OF INFRASTRUCTURE: There is a lack of

infrastructure in rural areas. Economic infrastructure facilities like
electricity, irrigation, transport, construction of village roads, etc.
must be provided in order. It provides mobility and connectivity
to people living in rural areas. By improving connectivity, rural
roads also enhance employment opportunities for the rural
people in non-agriculture sector, thereby, increasing livelihood
opportunities. Rural electrification infrastructure basically caters
well to the requirements of agriculture and other activities
including irrigation, small and medium industries, khadi and
village industries, health-care and education Rural water supply
system also contribute to rural development. It can lead to
sustainability of systems and sources and tackle the problem of
water quality, thereby, increasing good health of rural people.

2. POVERTY ALLEVIATION: Poverty remains a predominantly

rural problem, with a majority of the India's poor located in rural
areas. Rural development aims at improving rural people’s
livelihoods in an equitable and sustainable manner. The basic
objectives of Rural Development Programmes have been
alleviation of poverty and unemployment through creation of
basic social and economic infrastructure, provision of training to
rural unemployed youth. Special measures for poverty alleviation
need to be taken for rural areas to bring about improvement in
living conditions of the weaker sections and provide them access
to productive employment opportunities.

3.DEVELOPMENT OF HEALTH CARE FACILITIES: Health

infrastructure in rural India is still quite inadequate. Absence of
connectivity to the villages and inadequate number of health
centres and skilled health workers still endangers the life of rural
population in the country. Rural populations experience lower
access to health-care along the dimensions of affordability,
proximity and quality, compared with their urban counterparts.
Rural households are more likely to report the cost of health-care
limits their ability to receive care. Thus, adequate health care
facility must be ensured for rural development.

4.DEVELOPMENT OF PRODUCTIVE RESOURCES: Access to

cultivable land is the most important productive resource for rural
development and is key in determining the livelihood strategies
of the rural poor. Productive resources other than cultivable land
of each locality also to be developed to enhance employment
opportunities. If agricultural land is the sole Income generating
resource in a particular village, then it is to be developed in each
locality of rural areas so as to enable the rural poor to earn more
through solid employment units or through increased agricultural
productivity.
5.DEVELOPMENT OF HUMAN RESOURCES: Human
resource development holds the key for economic development
through enabling people to become more productive. Ever since
independence, a number of policies were made and adopted for
the upliftment of rural population of the country. Now, the
emphasis has been shifted from the development of employment
opportunities to generation of self-employment and
empowerment. By improving the literacy rate especially the
female literacy, by introducing Skill development programmes,
Industrial training etc. This will help to improve the productivity of
rural population and lead to a rise in rural incomes.

6.DEVELOPMENT OF INFORMATION AND

COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGY: Lack of knowledge about
technology upgradation in the field of agriculture also affect rural
economy and it will adversely affect the productivity. Low internet
connectivity is the another major problem faced by rural people.
With the availability of internet service in rural areas, business
will see tremendous growth. The connectivity will enhance and
thus, many start-ups and small-scale businesses can reach
potential customers directly. The Internet brings with it the option
of spreading education in a widespread way without the
constraints of distance. In rural areas where schools can be at
quite a distance, thus, the Internet can help increase literacy rate
of rural areas.
7. RURAL CREDIT: Finance is an important factor of
development for all sectors of the economy. It becomes more
important because of unorganized nature of farming and inability
of the farmers, especially small and marginal, to invest from own
sources. Several organisations like RRBs, Microfinance
Institutions, NABARD, etc. are playing a major role in providing
rural credit facilities to rural India.
Q5) Explain Rural Development in India.
Answer:- Rural development usually refers to the method of
enhancing the quality of life and financial well-being of
individuals, specifically living in populated and remote areas.
Traditionally, rural development was centred on the misuse of
land-intensive natural resources such as forestry and agriculture.
However today, the increasing urbanisation and the change in
global production networks have transformed the nature of rural
areas.

Rural development still remains the core of the overall

development of the country. More than two-third of the country’s
people are dependent on agriculture for their livelihood, and one-
third of rural India is still below the poverty line. Therefore, it is
important for the government to be productive and provide
enough facilities to upgrade their standard of living.

Rural development is a term that concentrates on the actions

taken for the development of rural areas to improve the economy.
However, few areas that demand more focused attention and
new initiatives are:

● Education
● Public health and Sanitation
● Women empowerment
● Infrastructure development (electricity, irrigation, etc.)
● Facilities for agriculture extension and research
● Availability of credit
● Employment opportunities
Q.6) Which award is given to cities and
villages for cleanliness?
Answer:-
The Swachh Bharat Abhiyan (Clean India Campaign) is a
national campaign launched by the Government of India in 2014,
with the goal of making India a clean and hygienic country. As
part of this campaign, awards are given to cities and villages for
cleanliness, known as the Swachh Survekshan Awards.

The awards are given in several categories. such as:

Swachh Survekshan Grameen (rural areas)

Swachh Survekshan Urban (urban areas)

Swachh Iconic Places (tourist places)

Fastest Mover (cities that show significant improvement in

cleanliness)

Best performing cities (cities that perform well in cleanliness)

Top performers (cities that have achieved the highest level of

cleanliness)
Q.7) Which ministry started Swachh Bharat
Abhiyan?
Answer:-
The Swachh Bharat Abhiyan (Clean India Campaign) was
launched by the Government of India in 2014, under the
leadership of Prime Minister Narendra Modi. The Ministry of
Housing and Urban Affairs (MoHUA) is the nodal ministry
responsible for the implementation of the campaign in urban
areas, while the Ministry of Drinking Water and Sanitation
Q.8) What is the significance of Swachh Bharat
Abhiyan?
Answer:- The campaign has several objectives, including:

1. Eradicating open defecation: The campaign aims to build

toilets and promote the use of toilets, with the goal of eliminating
open defecation and improving sanitation in rural and urban
areas.

2. Solid waste management: The campaign aims to improve the

management of solid waste, including collection, transportation,
and disposal, in order to reduce litter and pollution.

3. Cleanliness of streets, roads and infrastructure: The campaign

aims to promote cleanliness of streets, roads, and infrastructure,
including public facilities. such as schools, hospitals, and public
transport.

4. Public participation: The campaign aims to involve the public,

particularly school children, in promoting cleanliness and
sanitation, through activities such as community clean-up drives
and awareness campaigns.

5. Behavioural change: The campaign aims to promote a culture

of cleanliness and hygiene among the population, through
education and awareness campaigns.
Overall, the Swachh Bharat Abhiyan is a significant campaign in
India with the aim to improve the quality of life of people by
providing clean and hygienic environment and eradicating open
defecation. It is a collective effort of the government, local
bodies, and citizens to make India a clean and healthy country
Q9.) Write 20 slogans on Swachh Bharat Abhiyan?
Answer:-

1."Swachh Bharat, Swasth Bharat" (Clean India, Healthy india)

2. "Clean India, Green India"

3. "Cleanliness is next to godliness"

4. "Together we can make a clean India"

5. "Cleanliness is a way of life, let's make it our habit"

6."A clean India is a symbol of pride"

7. "Cleanliness begins at home, let's start from our own

doorstep"

8. "Let's make India a shining example of cleanliness"

9. "Cleanliness is the foundation of a healthy society"

10. "One step towards cleanliness, one step towards a better

future"

11. "Cleanliness is a fundamental right, let's claim it"

12 "A clean environment is a basic human need

13. "Cleanliness is not a one-time job, it's a continuous effort"

14. "Let's make Swachh Bharat Abhiyan a mass movement"

15. Together we can m ake India a cleaner, healthier, and happier

place"
16. "Cleanliness is not only the government's responsibility, it's
everyone's responsibility"

17. "Cleanliness is not a choice, it's a necessity"

18. "Let's work together for a cleaner, greener, and healthier

India"

19 "Swachh Bharat Abhiyan, a step towards a sustainabile

future"

20. "Cleanliness is not a burden, it's a blessing.

Q.10) Who is the brand ambassador of Swachh
Bharat Abhiyan?
Answer:-
The current Brand Ambassador of Swachh Bharat Abhiyan is Mr.
Amitabh Bachchan, He was appointed as the Brand Ambassador
of the Swachh Bharat Abhiyan by the Government of India in
2014.