Lab session # 3
Statement:
To determine the operating characteristics of a Pelton Turbine at constant flow rate with
different nozzle diameters
Apparatus:
Pelton Turbine Demonstration Unit,
Hydraulic bench,
Tachometer,
Spring Balance
FLUID MECHANICS -II Department of Mechanical Engineering
School of engineering
UMT Lahore
OBSERVATIONS AND CALCULATIONS
Input power=Pi =ρghQ Volume=0.005m3
Volume flow rate=-------- m3/s
As preseure=p= ρgh
Also input power= p x Q Diameter of wheel= D= -------
Radius of wheel=R= D/2=-------
Output power=Pi=Tw Torque= (F1- F2)x R
Angular velocity=w=2πN/60 rps
Efficiency=E=Po/Pi 2
1 bar =100000 N/m
No Rotor First Second Net Force Torque Input Input Input Output Overall
Of speed Spring Spring Pressur Head power power efficiency
Obs. balance balance F=(F1-F2)
N force force T p h Pi PO E
F1 F2
rpm N N N Nm N/m2 m watt watt %
Graphs
1-N vs T
2-N vs Po
3-N vs E
Specimen of calculation
FLUID MECHANICS -II Department of Mechanical Engineering
School of engineering
UMT Lahore
Quiz:
1-Difference between impulse and reaction force?
______________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________
2. Difference between turbine service unit and hydraulic bench?
______________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________
3. What is "Run of River power?
______________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________
4. Define Diagram power of turbine?
______________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________
5.Discuss applications of pelton turbine?
______________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________
FLUID MECHANICS -II Department of Mechanical Engineering
School of engineering
UMT Lahore
Comment on the
Factors affecting the efficiency of turbine
______________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________
Relation of nozzle area and flow rate
______________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________
Comparison of nozzle area and flow rate with overall efficiency
______________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________
Types of energy losses
Relation of input pressure with nozzle area
______________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________
Further Comments (if any)
______________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________
FLUID MECHANICS -II Department of Mechanical Engineering
School of engineering
UMT Lahore
