INTERNATIONAL

STANDARD 4435
First edition
1991-05-15

Unplasticized poly(vinyl chloride) (PVC-U) pipes

and fittings for buried drainage and sewerage
Systems - Specifications
iTeh STANDARD PREVIEW
(standards.iteh.ai)
Tubes et raccords en poly(chlorure de vinyle) non plastifk (PVC-U) pour
/es systemes d assainissement enterrks et /es 6gouts Souterrains -
Spkifications
ISO 4435:1991
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b6e5202096b0/iso-4435-1991

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Reference number
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_- --- -__..-.. ISO 4435:1991(E)
ISO 4435:1991(E)

Foreword

ISO (the international Organization for Standardization) is a worldwide

federation of national Standards bodies (ISO member bodies). The work
of preparing International Standards is normally carried out through ISO
technical committees. Esch member body interested in a subject for
which a technical committee has been established has the right to be
represented on that committee. International organizations, govern-
mental and non-governmental, in liaison with ISO, also take part in the
work. ISO collaborates closely with the International Electrotechnical
Commission (IEC) on all matters of electrotechnical standardization.

Draft International Standards adopted by the technical committees are

circulated to the member bodies for voting. Publication as an Inter-
national Standard requires approval by at least 75 % of the member
bodies casting a vote. iTeh STANDARD PREVIEW
International Standard ISO 4435 was prepared
(standards.iteh.ai)
ISO/TC 138, Plastics pipes, fittings and valves
by Technical
for the transport
Committee
of f7uids.

Annex A of this International Standard is for information only.

ISO 4435:1991
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b6e5202096b0/iso-4435-1991

0 ISO 1991
All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced or utilized in any form
or by any means, electronlc or mechanical, Including photocopying and microfilm, without
Permission in writing from the publisher.
International Orga nization for Stand ardiz ation
Case Postale 56 l CH-121 1 Geneve 20 l Switzer
Printed in Switzerland

ii
INTERNATIONAL STANDARD ISO 44351991 (E)

Unplasticized poly(vinyl chloride) (PVC-U) pipes and fittings for

buried drainage and sewerage Systems - Specifications

1 Scope ISO 1043-lA987, Plastics - Symbols - Part 1: Basic

polymers and their special characteristics.
This International Standard specifies unplasticized
poly(vinyl chloride) (PVC-U) pipes and fittings with ISO 1167:~‘1 , Thermoplastics pipes for the transport
elastomeric sealing ring joints for outside diameters of #uids - Resistance to internal pressure - Test
from 110 mm to 630 mm and with cemented-type method and basic specification.
joints for outside diameters from 110 mm to 200 mm,
intended for buried gravity drain and sewer pipes for ISO 2505:1981, Vnplasticized polyvinyl chloride
the transportation of soil and waste discharge of (PVC) pipes - Longitudinal reversion - Test meth-
domestic and industrial iTeh STANDARD PREVIEW
origin, and surface water. ods and specification.
In the case
temperature
of industrial
resistance
discharge,
(standards.iteh.ai)
Chemical and
have to be taken into ac-
ISO 2507:1982, Unplasticized polyvinyl
(PVC) pipes and fittings - Vicat softening
chloride
tempera-
count. ture - Test method and specification.
ISO 4435:1991
2 Normative https://standards.iteh.ai/catalog/standards/sist/c1aa8417-2dac-4b1b-89e7-
references ISO 3126:1974, Plastics pipes - Measurement of di-
b6e5202096b0/iso-4435-1991mensions.
The following Standards contain provisions which,
through reference in this text, constitute provisions ISO 3127:1980, Unplasticized polyvinyl chloride
of this International Standard. At the time of publi- (PVC) pipes for the transport of fluids - Defermi-
cation, the editions indicated were valid. All stan- nation and specification of resisfance to extemal
dards are subject to revision, and Parties to blows.
agreements based on this International Standard
are encouraged to investigate the possibility of ap- ISO 3606:1976, Vnplasticized polyvinyl chloride
plying the most recent editions of the Standards in- (PVC) pipes - Tolerantes on outside diameters and
dicated below. Members of IEC and ISO maintain wafi thicknesses.
registers of currently valid International Standards.
ISO 4065:1978, Thermoplastic pipes - Universal waI/
ISO 265-1:1988, Pipes and fittings of plastics ma- thickness table.
terials - Fittings for domestic and industrial waste
pipes - Basic dimensions: Metric series -- Part 1: ISO 4633:1983, Rubber Seals - Joint rings for water
Unplasticized po/y(vinyl chloride) (PVC-U). supply, drainage and sewerage pipelines - Specifi-
cation for materials.
ISO 580: 1990, Injec tion-moulded unplasticized
poly(vinyl chloride) (PVC-U) fittings - Oven fest -
Test method and basic specifications.

1) To be published. (Revision of ISO 1167:1973)

ISO 4435:1991(E)

3 Symbols All measurements of dimensions shall be carried

out in accordance with ISO 3126.
The main Symbols used in this International Stan-
dard are listed in table 1.

5.1 Pipe dimensions

Table 1 - Symbols
Symbol Definition The pipe dimensions are illustrated in figure 1.
n Nominal outside diameter- of pipe

n e, m Mean outside diameter

4 Socket inside diameter

e Nominal wall thickness

e2 Wall thickness at socket cylindrical part

e3 Wall thickness at socket groove

4 Spigot length
length of engagement
22 Socket depth
Figure 1 - Dimensions
2 Nominal length of pipe

NOTE 1 The meanings of Symbols A, fl, C and H are il-

lustrated in the respective figures.
iTeh STANDARD51.1 PREVIEW
Outside diameter
4 Material
(standards.iteh.ai)
The nominal outside diameter
ante with table 2 and figure 1.
D shall be in accord-

4.1 The material shall consist substantially of

poly(vinyl chloride) (PVC) to which may be added ISO 4435:1991
only those additives that are needed to facilitate the Table 2 - Nominal outside diameter
https://standards.iteh.ai/catalog/standards/sist/c1aa8417-2dac-4b1b-89e7-
manufacture of Sound, durable pipes and fittings of
b6e5202096b0/iso-4435-1991 Dimensions in millimetres
good surface finish, mechanical strength and
Opacity. 110 125 160 200 250 315 400 500 630
4
When sealing rings are retained by means of re-
taining taps or rings, the retaining taps or rings NOTE 3 Table2 will be extended to include diameters
may be made from polymers other than PVC-U pro- up to 1000 mm when the relevant information has been
vided that they conform to the Same functional di- presented and accepted.
mensions and test requirements as applied to
sockets with either loose or fixed sealing rings. Tolerantes on outside diameters shall be those
given in ISO 3606.
4.2 The use of the manufacturer’s own clean re-
work material conforming to the requirements given
in 4.1 is permissible. No other rework material shall 5.1.2 Wall thickness
be used.
The nominal wall thickness CI shall be in accordance
5 Geometrical characteristics with table 3 and figure 1. The choice of a size range
is left to the national Standards bodies.
NOTE 2 The figures are schematic Sketches only, to
help demonstrate relevant dimensions. They do not Tolerantes on wall thickness shall be those in
necessarily represent manufactured components. ISO 3606.
 ISO 4435:1991(E)

5.1.3 Length of pipe

Table 3 - Nominal wall thickness
Dimensions in millimetres

Nominal wall thickness, c

The nominal length of pipes with sockets is con-
Nominal Reference stiffness, kN/m* 1) sidered to be the distance between the ends minus
outside the socket depth (see figure 2).
2 4 8
diameter
The lengths may be supplied as agreed between
n purchaser, user and manufacturer.

S25 S16,73)

110 - 3,2
125 3 37
51.4 Integral pipe sockets and spigot ends
160 392 47
200 399 53
250 479 73
315 62 992
The basic dimensions shall be in accordance with
400 798 11,7
table4 and table5 and figure3, figure4, figure5 and
500 998 14,6 figure 6, with e2 nlin = 0,9e and e3f min = 0,75e.
630 12,3 18,4
e3, min applies only to those Parts of the ring seal
Zone where the fluid contained within the pipe
1) The reference
guide, and may be determined
iTeh STANDARD PREVIEW
stiffness values are given as a
by the method given
Comes into contact with the socket. For those Parts
in ISO 9969. of the socket which do not come into contact with the
2) The number of the wall thickness
(standards.iteh.ai)
range generally
fluid, i.e. beyond the designated ring seal Point,
Walls thinner than e3 are permitted.
follows the pipe series (S) used in ISO 4065 except
that the minimum wall thickness is 3 mm. ISO 4435:1991
3) Deviates from ISO https://standards.iteh.ai/catalog/standards/sist/c1aa8417-2dac-4b1b-89e7-
4065 for technical reasons.
b6e5202096b0/iso-4435-1991

Nominal length of pfpe, t

Figure 2 - Length of pipe

ISO 4435:1991(E)

The Amin values have been Chosen mainly on the

basis of experience with pipes of 5 m length.
Table 4 - Single sockets and spigot ends for
elastomeric sealing ring joints The 0 values may be smaller for constructions with
Dimensions in millimetres sealing rings firmly fixed in the groove of the socket.
Nominal
outside T n
Socket

n c
T Spigot end 1 I 1, min = cmax + Amin

diameter 4 4
Where sealing rings are firmly fixed and have mul-
Zl min. min. min. max. min. tiple sealing zones, the dimensions Ami” and Cmax
should be measured to the effective sealing Point
110 110,4 32 6 22 54 6 as specified by the manufacturer (see figure 5).
125 125,4 35 7 26 61 6
160 160,5 42 9 32 74 7 C niax should then be checked with a gauge as this
200 200,6 50 12 40 90 9 dimension determines the tightness of the joint.
250 250,8 55 18 70 125 9
315 316 62 20 70 132 12 Retaining taps or rings may be made to other de-
400 401,2 70 24 70 140 15 signs and from polymers other than unplasticized
500 501,5 80 28 80 160 18
poly(vinyl chloride) provided that the finished joint
630 631,9 93 34 95 188 23
conforms to the Same functional test requirements.

Where a sealing ring is retained by means of a re-

The Performance of a joint made between a Single
taining cap or ring, the wall thickness in this area
socket and a pipe spigot shail be determined as
specified in 9.1.2.4 (angular deflection test) and/or shall be calculated by the addition of the wall thick-
9.1.2.5 (combined test). nesses of the corresponding places of the socket
and the retaining cap or ring (see figure4 for an ex-
nmin for ILL < 200 mm shall be 0,2 1) -t- IO mm. ample). In all cases the components shall meet the
functional test requirements.
Amin for D > 250 mm shall iTeh STANDARD PREVIEW
be 0,l 11 -t- 30 mm.

Table
(standards.iteh.ai) joints
5 - Sockets and spigot ends for cemented-type
Dimensions in millimetres
ISO 4435:1991
Socket
Nominal .
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- Spigot end
outside X series socketl) b6e5202096b0/iso-4435-1991
Y series socketl)
diameter .__--
4 4 4 4 l2 4 IJ
n
min. max. min. max. min. min. 25

110 110,2 110,6 110,4 110,8 48 54 6

125 125,2 125,7 125,4 125,9 51 61 6
160 160,2 160,7 160,5 161,0 58 74 7
200 200,2 200,8 200,6 201,l 66 90 9

1) 10 form,the subject of a future International Standard.

4
 ISO 4435:1991 (E)

A fl
rT
t

1,

-- 8
--
/

Figure 3 - Basic dimensions of Single sockets and spigot ends for elastomeric sealing ring joints

iTeh STANDARD PREVIEW

(standards.iteh.ai)
ISO 4435:1991
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b6e5202096b0/iso-4435-1991

Figure 4 - Example of a seal retaining cap

--

Effectlve sealing polnt as

specitled by the manutacturer

Figure 5 - Effective sealing Point

5
ISO 4435:1991 (E)

Figure 6 - Basic dimensions of sockets and spigot ends for cemented-type joints

5.2 Dimensions of fittings 5.2.3 Internal diameter

52.1 Outside diameter

iTeh STANDARD PREVIEW
The internal diameter
in table 4.
of the socket shall be as given

The nominal outside diameter

spigot end shall be as given in 5.1.1.
(standards.iteh.ai)
D for the length of the
5.2.4 Socket and spigot ends

52.2 Wall thickness ISO 4435:1991

The dimensions shall be as given in 5.1.4.
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5.2.2.1 The nominal wall thickness of the body b6e5202096b0/iso-4435-1991
of a 5.2.4.1 Fittings with elastomeric sealing rings
fitting shall comply with the values given in table 3.
5.2.4.1 .l Single-socket fittings
5.2.2.2 The minimum wall thickness of the socket
of a fitting shall be in accordance with the values of Dimensions shall be as given in table 4 and figure 7.
e2 and Q given in 5.1.4. Outside diameters other than those of the socket
shall be those of the Pipe.
The construction of the fitting shall be such that the
stiffness of the fitting is at least equal to the stiffness
5.2.4.1.2 Double-socket fittings
of the pipe in the Same series.
Dimensions of each socket shall be as given in
5.2.2.3 Where a sealing ring is retained by means table 4 and figure 8.
of a retaining cap or ring, the wall thickness in this
area shall be calculated by the addition of the wall
5.2.4.2 Fittings with cemented joints
thicknesses of the corresponding places of the
socket and the retaining cap or ring (see figure4 for
For Single-socket fittings, dimensions shall be as
an example). In all cases the components shall meet
given in table 5.
the functional test requirements.

Retaining taps or rings may be made to other de- 5.2.5 Basic dimensions
signs and from polymers other than unplasticized
poly(vinyl chloride), provided that they conform to Basic dimensions of fittinqs shall be calculated in
the Same functional test requirements. accordance with ISO 265-1:

6
 ISO 44351991 (E)

Figure 7 - Dimensions of slngle-socket fittings

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(standards.iteh.ai)
ISO 4435:1991
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b6e5202096b0/iso-4435-1991
- - --- ---m
:
E
--c e

Figure 8 - Dimensions of double-socket fittings

6 Mechanical test requirements

Table 6 - Internal pressure test requirements
6.1 Pipes Circumferential Minimum time to Test
stress bursting temperature

6.1.1 Impact strength MPa’) h OC

The true impact rate (TIR) shall not exceed IO % at 42 1 20

20 ‘C, when the pipe is tested in accordance with
ISO 3127. 102) 1000 - 60

6.1.2 Internal pressure test 1) 1 MPa = 1 N/mm2

2) This is a material type test.
When tested in accordance with the method de-
scribed in ISO 1167, the pipe shall meet the re-
quirements of table 6.
ISO 44351991 (E)

6.2 Fittings 7.2.1.2 Oven test

The fittings shall meet the requirements of ISO 580.

6.2.1 Impact strength of injection-moulded and
fabricated fitiings
7.2.2 Fittings manufactured from pipes
For this test, fittings shall be conditioned for 30 min
at a temperature of 0 OC & 1 OC. Within 10 s after the The fittings shall meet the requirements specified in
conditioning treatment, five fittings of each diameter 7.1.1.
and type shall be dropped freely in various positions
The pipes used for manufacturing such fittinqs shall
on to a flat concrete floor from a height of
meet the requirements specified in 7.1.1 and- 7.1.2.
1 m + - 0,05 m.

If none of the specimens is damaged in the test, the

fittings shall be accepted. lf one fitting is damaged, 8 Elastomeric sealing elements (rings)
the test shall be repeated with five other fittings.
None of these last five fittings shall be damaged. 8.1 Dimensions
NOTES
The dimensions of the sealing elements are de-
4 This is an optional test to be carried out only if re- pendent on the specific jointing System and shall
quired in a national Standard, but is mandatory for fittings meet the manufacturer’s specification.
with retaining taps or rings and for fittings fabricated from
pipes.
8.2 Requirements
5 In the context of this test, “darnage” means any visible
Split or any complete breakage in the body of the fitting. Elastomeric sealing rings shall be free from sub-
Surface scratches, scuffing, or chipping of edges which stances (for example plasticizers) that tan have a
may occur in the test does not constitute
iTeh STANDARD PREVIEW
darnage. detrimental effect on the poly(vinyl
pipes and/or fittings.
chloride) of the

6.2.2 Fittings manufactured from pipes (standards.iteh.ai)

For further requirements for rubber sealing rings for
drainage purposes, see ISO 4633.
The pipes used for manufacturing such fittings shall
ISO 4435:1991
meet the requirements given in 6.1.1 and 6.1‘.2. Where the design of the socket is such that the
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sealing ring is not firmly fixed in
b6e5202096b0/iso-4435-1991 Position, the hous-
ing for the ring shall be so designed as to minimize
7 Physical test requirements the possibility of the ring being dislodged during the
insertion of the pipe spigot to complete the joint.

7.1 Pipes
9 Joint assemblies
7.1 .l Vicat softening temperature
9.1 Elastomeric sealing ring joints
The Vicat softening temperature shall not be less
than 79 “C ,when determined in accordance with
ISO 2507. 9.1 .l Test requirements

9.1 .l .l Internal hydrostatic pressure

7.1.2 Reversion
When tested by the method described in 9.1.2.1, the
The longitudinal reversion shall not exceed 5 %
joint shall withstand an internal water pressure of
when determined in accordance with ISO 2505.
up to and including 0,05 MPa (0,5 bar) without
leakage.
7.2 Fittings
9.1.1.2 External hydrostatic or internal negative air
pressure
7.2.1 Injection-moulded fittings
When tested by the method described in 9.1.2.2, the
7.2.1 .l Vicat softening temperature joint shall withstand either an external water press-
ure from 0 up to and including 0,05 MPa (0,5 bar) or
The Vicat softening temperature shall not be less alternatively an internal negative air pressure of
than 77 “C when determined in accordance with 0,03 MPa (0,3 bar) [i.e. 0,07 MPa (0,7 bar)
ISO 2507. absolute].

8
 ISO 4435:1991(E)

9.1 .1.3 Diameter distortion 9.1.2.2 Extemal hydrostatic or internal negative air
pressure test
When tested by the method described in 9.1.2.3, the
joint shall withstand an internal water pressure from The test apparatus shall be the Same as that de-
0 up to and including 0,05 MPa (0,5 bar) without scribed in 9.1.2.1, except that means shall be pro-
leakage. vided for applying extemal water pressure (see
figure 9) or alternatively for providing an equivalent
9.1 .1.4 Angular deflection negative pneumatic pressure (partial vacuum) in-
side the test assembly (see figure 10). When tested
When tested by the method described in 9.1.2.4, the by the vacuum method, the leaktightness shall be
joint shall withstand an internal water pressure from measured with a precision vacuum manometer.
0 up to and including 0,05 MPa (0,5 bar) without During the test period of 15 min, the external water
leakage. pressure shall not diminish by more than, or the
Variation in negative atmospheric pressure shall not
9.1.1.5 Combined test requirements (alternative to exceed, IO % of the required negative testing
9.1.1.1 to 9.1.1.4) pressure.

When tested by the method described in 9.1.2.5, the

joint shall perform satisfactorily in the prescribed
combination. 9.1.2.3 Diameter distortion test

The general features of the apparatus shall be as

9.1.2 Test methods
shown in figure 11 and the apparatus shall be capa-
The tests shall be carried out at an ambient tem- ble of permitting simultaneously the application of a
perature of 23 “C -- + 2 OC using cold water. constant distorting load and an increasing internal
hydrostatic pressure. The distot-ting load shall be
applied by means of a hydraulic jack acting on a
9.1.2.1 fnternal hydrostatic
iTeh STANDARD PREVIEW
pressure test
beam which is free to move in the vertical plane
The apparatus shall consist of end-sealing devices through the axis of the Pipe. A jig may be provided
of size and design appropriate (standards.iteh.ai)
to the type of joint to hold the connecting pipes in the sockets of the
assembly under test- fitting against the end thrust due to the test press-
ISO 4435:1991 ure. The apparatus shall not otherwise support the
The sealing devices joint against the internal test pressure.
shallhttps://standards.iteh.ai/catalog/standards/sist/c1aa8417-2dac-4b1b-89e7-
not exert axial loads on
the joint assembly Prior to the application of the test
b6e5202096b0/iso-4435-1991
The distortion load shall be applied to the pipe so
pressure.
as to Cause a 5 % reduction in the original outside
One end-sealing device shall be connected to a diameter of the pipe measured at a distance of ap-
Source of hydrostatic pressure. A bleed valve shall proximately 0,511 (with a minimum of 100 mm) from
be provided to enable all air to be vented when the mouth of the socket. With the distortion load
hydrostatic pressure is applied. The hydrostatic maintained, the water pressure shall be raised
pressure shall be raised slowly over a period of not slowly to 0,05 MPa (0,5 bar) over a period of not less
less than 15 min to 0,05 MPa (0,5 bar) and shall be than 15 min and shall be maintained for at least
maintained at that pressure for at least 15 min. 15 min.