References

A survey of the literary and archaeological evidence for the background of Hermes
Trismegistus in the Greek Hermes and the Egyptian Thoth may be found in Bull 2018,
pp. 33–96.
The oldest texts attributed to Hermes are astrological texts (belonging to the
'technical' Hermetica) which may go back as far as to the second or third century
BCE; see Copenhaver 1992, p. xxxiii; Bull 2018, pp. 2–3. Garth Fowden is somewhat
more cautious, noting that our earliest testimonies date to the first century BCE
(see Fowden 1986, p. 3, note 11). On the other end of the chronological spectrum,
the Kitāb fi zajr al-nafs ("The Book of the Rebuke of the Soul") is commonly
thought to date from the twelfth century; see Van Bladel 2009, p. 226.
On the dating of the 'philosophical' Hermetica, see Copenhaver 1992, p. xliv; Bull
2018, p. 32. The sole exception to the general dating of c. 100–300 CE is The
Definitions of Hermes Trismegistus to Asclepius, which may date to the first
century CE (see Bull 2018, p. 9, referring to Mahé 1978–1982, vol. II, p. 278; cf.
Mahé 1999, p. 101). Earlier dates have been suggested, most notably by Flinders
Petrie (500–200 BCE) and Bruno H. Stricker (c. 300 BCE), but these suggestions have
been rejected by most other scholars (see Bull 2018, p. 6, note 23). On the
Asclepius, see Copenhaver 1992, pp. xliii–xliv, xlvii.
This is a convention established by such scholars as Van Bladel 2009, pp. 17–22;
Hanegraaff 2015, pp. 180–183; Bull 2018, pp. 27–30. Other authors (especially,
though not exclusively, earlier authors) may use the terms 'Hermetism' and
'Hermeticism' synonymously, more loosely referring to any philosophical system
drawing on Hermetic writings.
Ebeling 2007, pp. 103–108.
See Ebeling 2007, pp. 59–90.
Yates 1964; Yates 1967; Westman & McGuire 1977
Ebeling 2007, pp. 101–102; Hanegraaff 2012, pp. 322–334
Principe 1998; Newman & Principe 2002; Newman 2019.
Among medieval Muslims, Hermes was regarded as a "prophet of science" (see Van
Bladel 2009). For Hermes' status as an ancient sage among medieval Latin
philosophers like Abelard or Roger Bacon, see Marenbon 2015, pp. 74–76, 130–131.
The ancient wisdom narrative as such goes back to the Hellenistic period; see Droge
1989; Pilhofer 1990; Boys-Stones 2001; Van Nuffelen 2011.
Walker 1972.
Hanegraaff 2012, pp. 7–12.
Prophet 2018; Horowitz 2019 (pp. 193–198 on some similarities between the Kybalion
and ancient Greek Hermetica)
Collectanea Hermetica Edited by W. Wynn. Westcott Volume 2.
See Dufresnoy, Histoire de l'Art Hermetique, vol. iii. Cat. Gr. MSS.
A Suggestive Inquiry into Hermetic Philosophy and Alchemy by Mary Anne Atwood
1850.
"Online Etymology Dictionary". www.etymonline.com.
van den Broek and Hanegraaff (1997) distinguish Hermetism in late antiquity from
Hermeticism in the Renaissance revival.
van den Broek and Hanegraaff (1997), p. vii.
Stephan A. Hoeller, On the Trail of the Winged God—Hermes and Hermeticism
Throughout the Age, Gnosis: A Journal of Western Inner Traditions (Vol. 40, Summer
1996).
Copenhaver, Brian P. (1995). "Introduction". Hermetica: The Greek Corpus
Hermeticum and the Latin Asclepius in a New English Translation, with Notes and
Introduction. Cambridge University Press. ISBN 978-0-521-42543-8. Scholars
generally locate the theoretical Hermetica, 100 to 300 CE; most would put C.H. I
toward the beginning of that time. [...] [I]t should be noted that Jean-Pierre Mahe
accepts a second-century limit only for the individual texts as they stand,
pointing out that the materials on which they are based may come from the first
century CE or even earlier. [...] To find theoretical Hermetic writings in Egypt,
in Coptic [...] was a stunning challenge to the older view, whose major champion
was Father Festugiere, that the Hermetica could be entirely understood in a post-
Platonic Greek context.
Copenhaver, Brian P. (1995). "Introduction". Hermetica: The Greek Corpus
Hermeticum and the Latin Asclepius in a New English Translation, with Notes and
Introduction. Cambridge University Press. ISBN 978-0-521-42543-8. [...] survivals
from the earliest Hermetic literature, some conceivably as early as the fourth
century BCE
Copenhaver, Brian P. (1995). "Introduction". Hermetica: The Greek Corpus
Hermeticum and the Latin Asclepius in a New English Translation, with Notes and
Introduction. Cambridge University Press. ISBN 978-0-521-42543-8. [...] Hermetic
sentences derived from similar elements in ancient Egyptian wisdom literature,
especially the genre called "Instructions" that reached back to the Old Kingdom
Frowde, Henry (1908). Transactions Of The Third International Congress For The
History Of Religions Vol 1. [T]he Kore Kosmou, is dated probably to 510 B.C., and
certainly within a century after that, by an allusion to the Persian rule [...] the
Definitions of Asclepius [...] as early as 350 B.C.
English translation in Litwa 2018, pp. 27–159.
This Leonardo di Pistoia was a monk "J.R. Ritman Library – Bibliotheca
Philosophica Hermetica". Archived from the original on 1 January 2007. Retrieved 27
January 2007., not to be confused with the artist Leonardo da Pistoia who was not
born until c. 1483 CE.
Salaman, Van Oyen, Wharton and Mahé,The Way of Hermes, p. 9
Tambiah (1990), Magic, Science, Religion, and the Scope of Rationality, pp. 27–28.
The Way of Hermes, p. 9.
"Corpus Hermeticum". www.granta.demon.co.uk.
Abel & Hare 1997, p. 7.
The Way of Hermes, pp. 9–10.
Vermes, Geza (2012). Christian Beginnings. Allen Lane the Penguin Press. p. 128.
Quispel, Gilles (2004). Preface to The Way of Hermes: New Translations of The
Corpus Hermeticum and The Definitions of Hermes Trismegistus to Asclepius.
Translated by Salaman, Clement; van Oyen, Dorine; Wharton, William D.; Mahé, Jean-
Pierre. Rochester, Vermont: Inner Traditions.
Bull 2018, p. 454
Festugière 1944–1954, vol. II, pp. 68–71; Bull 2018, p. 303.
Copenhaver 1992, p. 216.
Festugière 1944–1954, vol. II, p. 68.
Bull 2018, p. 303
Festugière 1944–1954, vol. II, p. 70.
Yates 1964, p. 14.
Hanegraaff, W. J., New Age Religion and Western Culture, SUNY, 1998, p 360.
Yates 1964, pp. 27, 293.
Yates 1964, p. 52.
Copenhaver 1992, p. xlviii.
Kraus, Paul 1942–1943. Jâbir ibn Hayyân: Contribution à l'histoire des idées
scientifiques dans l'Islam. I. Le corpus des écrits jâbiriens. II. Jâbir et la
science grecque. Cairo: Institut français d'archéologie orientale, vol. II, pp.
274–275; Weisser, Ursula 1980. Das Buch über das Geheimnis der Schöpfung von
Pseudo-Apollonios von Tyana. Berlin: De Gruyter, p. 54.
Steele, Robert and Singer, Dorothea Waley 1928. "The Emerald Table" in:
Proceedings of the Royal Society of Medicine, 21, pp. 41–57/485–501, p. 42/486
(English), p. 48/492 (Latin). For other medieval translations, see Emerald Tablet.
Hall, Manly Palmer (1925). The Hermetic Marriage: Being a Study in the Philosophy
of the Thrice Greatest Hermes. Hall Publishing Company. p. 227.
Eliade, Mircea (1978). The Forge and the Crucible: The Origins and Structure of
Alchemy. University of Chicago Press. pp. 149, 155–157. ISBN 978-0-226-20390-4.
Geber Summa Perfectionis
Powell pp. 19–20.
Garstin p. v
Garstin p. 6
Garstin p. vi
 The Way of Hermes p. 33.
Bull, Christian H. (1 January 2015). "Ancient Hermetism and Esotericism". Aries.
15 (1): 109–135. doi:10.1163/15700593-01501008. ISSN 1567-9896.
The Way of Hermes p. 42.
The Way of Hermes p. 28.
The Way of Hermes p. 47.
Salaman, Clement, ed. (2001). Asclepius: The Perfect Discourse of Hermes
Trismegistus. Translated by Salaman, Clement. London: Bloomsbury. p. 31.
The Way of Hermes pp. 32–3.
The Way of Hermes p. 29.
The Poimandres
Scott, Walter (1 January 1995). Hermetica: The Ancient Greek and Latin writings
which contain religious or philosophic teachings ascribed to Hermes Trismegistus.
Volume 1. Introduction, texts, and translations. Kessinger Publishing. ISBN 978-1-
56459-481-5 – via Google Books.
Scott, Walter (January 1995). Walter Scott, Hermetica Volume 1, pg 457. Kessinger.
ISBN 978-1-56459-481-5.
Salaman, Clement (23 August 2000). The Way of Hermes: Translations of The Corpus
Hermeticum and The Definitions of Hermes Trismegistus to Asclepius. Inner
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"A Suggestive Inquiry into Hermetic Philosophy and Alchemy" with an introduction
by Isabelle de Steiger
"Hermetic Papers of A. E. Waite: the Unknown Writings of a Modern Mystic" Edited
by R. A. Gilbert.
"'The Pymander of Hermes' Volume 2, Collectanea Hermetica" published by The
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Carrasco, David; Warmind, Morten; Hawley, John Stratton; Reynolds, Frank;
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Regardie 1940, p. 17.
Regardie 1940, pp. 15–6.
Yates, Frances (1972). The Rosicrucian Enlightenment. London: Routledge and Kegan
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"Prof. Carl Edwin Lindgren, "The Rose Cross, A Historical and Philosophical
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