Chi dim 3: COLLOCATIONS Colloc: dinh. Ching khéng 6 quy tic hay mét cng thite cu thé. mm la mOt cum gém 2 hay nhiéu tir thudng hay di cling véi nhau, va theo mét trat tr nhat Dé c6 duge cich dign dat tur nhién nhu ngudi ban ngit thi ching ta phai hoc cae cum collocations di véi nhau. Didu niy gitip chiing ta e6 duge céch didn dat phong phi hon. Vi vay méi hoc sinh nén ¢é trong tay mét quyén tir dién vé collocations. Cf logi Collocations ‘C6 mét vai hinh thite khée nhau duge tao thanb tir sur két hop gitta déng tir (Verb), dank tir (Noun) va tinh tir (Adjective). C6 mét sé hinh thite nhu: Adv + Adj; Adj +N; N+N;N+V;V +N; V+ Prepostional phrase; V + Adv Sukét hop tir v6i ce dng tir thong dung: 1. Mét sé cum tir thudng di véi "make": Make an attempt an exception anoise an appearance an excuse an offer an appointment (= arrange) a fire aplan arrangements 2 fortune a point abed friends (with sb) a profit a (phone) call a fuss progress a charge (for sth) 2 gesture a promise a choice a good! bad jobofsth| a remark a comment a habit of sth asound a contribution a joumey aspeech a decision alist a start (on sth) a difference a living a suggestion a discovery love time (for sth/ sb) an effort amess trouble an enemy of sb a mistake war an enquiry money awill 2. Mt sé cum tir throng di véi "do" Do your best = try hard an experiment the laundry business (with sb) sb a favor military service the cleaning/ cooking/ good (= help other people) research ironing! washing (up) sb some good (= make sb the shopping a course better/ healthier) sport some damage your hait/face/ nails you teeth (~ brush/ clean)the dishes harm welll badly (= be your duty the homework/ housework successful/ unsuccessful) an exam a test yourself an injury an/ some exercise ajob 3. Mét sé cum tir di véi have/ take hodc ¢6 thé di véi ca hai: Have - Take have take have or take an appointment | lunch/ dinner/a | account of part (in) a bath! shower =an existing meal action a photo (graph) 2 peak test larrangement) a quarrel aplac an exam/a tes advantage (of) | aplace a guess an argument arace breath power a holiday/a vacation a a a look ababy arow care (of) precedence (over) [°° ca f anap acare altheright (10) |. ance responsibility (for) [a rest achance (todo | asa a seat th) a chat i, a decision aes : * kth) a cha «ih to ea sin to cat a dislike to sth/ | 2700 a stroll atalk sb effect sides (with sb) a swim adrink athink exception (to) | #teP/ steps an effect (on sth) (ao/the) time — hhe form of the trouble (to) afall week ae awash Inedicine/drugs | Yeatsmonths/weeks! aword (with) |. nessage days/ hours/ete ago es an/nofany idea offence (at sth) 4. Mat sé cum tir di v6i "pay": - pay a compliment: khen ~ pay attention to: chit ¥ dén ~ pay a visit to sb: dén thim ai ~ pay tribute to: bay 16 long kinh trong, Sw két hop tir voi cdc danh tir thong dung Advice - follow/ take! listen to/get on sb's advice (nghe theo I6i khuyén cia ai) ~ get/ obtain/ receive advice (nhén loi khuyén) Bill ~ pay/ settle/ pick up a bill (tra mt héa don) ~ be landed with/face a bill (chiu mét héa don) ~ an unpaid bill (m6t héa don chira thanh toin) Career ~ at the height/ peak of one's weer (6 dinh cao sunghiép)= embark on a career (dan thin vao mét nghé), = have a careeer in (c6 su nghiép trong linh vc) ~ climb the career ladder (thing tién nghé nghiép) ~ week/ ruin one's career (hily hoai sy nghiép cla mink) a promising) brilliant career (su nghiép day hita hen) Chance ~ geVhave a chance (c6 co hoi) ~ givel offer/ provide a chance (tao co h9i) ~ jump at/ seize/ grab a chance (nam lay co héi) - not stand a chance of doing sth (khong cé kha nang lam gi) ~ sheer/ pure chance (sur tinh cé hoan toin) - good) fair/ highistrong chance (kha ning cao) ~ minimal slight/ little chance (kha ning mong manh) Demand ~ meet satisfy/cope with a demand (dap tmg/ théa man nhu cu) ~ increase! boost/ stimulate demand (tng nhu edu) - big/ huge/ great! considerable/ enormous/ strong demand (nhu cu Ién/ cao) Difference = make a difference (igo ra/ mang su khic biét) - make all the difference (thay déi lin) - tell the difference (phan biét) - feel/ know/ notice/ see/ perceive/ the difference (dm nhén, nbn thie su khic biét) ~ considerable/ enormous/ maor/ profound/ dramatic/ sharp difference (su khic biét dang ké, r0 rét) - with a difference (dac biét khac thuong) Difficulty ~ have/ experience/ encounter! face/ get into/ run into difficulties (gp khé khin) ~ do sth with/ without difficulty (Lim gi mét cach khé khn/ dé dang) - solve/ cope with/ deal with difficulties (giai quyét khé khan) - overcome/ surmount difficulties (vot qua khé khan) - great/ enormous/ considerable/ serious difficulty (khé khin Ién, nghiém trong) Fault - find/ locate/ identify/ discover fault (tim Idi) ~ correct/fix/ repair/ rectify a fault (sita chia mét 18i) ~ be all/ entirely one's own fault (hoin todn do ~ be hardly one's own fault (hiu nhu khéng phai Idi ) cia ai) ia ai), at fault (chiu trach nhiém vé mt sai Favour = do sb a favour (lim gitip ai diéu gi) ~ ask a favour (héi xin mt an hug) = owe sb a favour (mang on ai)~ return a favour (dip lai m@t in hué) = find) gain/ win favour (c6 durge sur ting hd) ~ in favour of sth (jing hé, tan thinh edi gi) Habit ~ be in/ have the habit of (c6 théi quen) - forn/ get into/fall into/ make/ develop/ acquire a habit (hinh thanh, tao thanh mét théi quen) ~ change a habit (thay déi mot thi quen) - break/ give up/ get out of a habit (bo mot théi quen) ~ by habit (do théi quen) ~ out of habit (vi théi quen) Measure ~ adopt/ take/ implement/ impose/ introduce a measure (thy hién/ 4p dung mt giai php) - appropriate/ effective/ necessary/ practical measure (gidi php thich hgp! hiéu qua/ can thiév/thue t8) - short- term/ temporary measure (gidi phap tam thai) Occupation = follow/ take up an occupation (theo mét nghé) ~ choose an occupation (chon mét nghé) = give up one’s occupation (bé nghé) Opportunity - have/ find/ get an opportunity (cé/ tim duge mét co hdi) ~ have ample/ considerable/ plenty of opportunity (cé nhiéu co héi) ~ have limited/ little/ not much opportunity (cé it co hoi) - a good/ great/ wonderful/ golden opportunity (co hdi tét, co hdi tuyét voi, co héi vang) Problem - encounter/ be faced with/ confront’ be confronted with/ face a problem (gp phai mét van dé) ~ solve/ deal with’ clear up/ overcome/ address/ tackle a problem (giai quyét/ vot qua mét van dé) - big/ great/ serious/ acute problem (van dé l6n/ nghiém trong) Popularity - gain! grow/ enjoy popularity (ngay cing durge wa thich) ~ at the peak of sb's/ sth's popularity (6 dinh cao cia sunéi tiéng) ~ an increase/ a rise in popularity (sy wa chudng, gia ting) ~ a decline/ drop in popularity (gidny’ it néi tiéng) Relationship ~ have/ enjoy a close/ good relationship (cé méi lién hé gan giii/ tét) = build (up)/ develop/ establish/ foster a relationship (xy dumg/ thiét lap méi quan hé) - improve’ strengthen a relationship (cai thién, eting cé méi quan hé) Standard = set a Standard (dua ra, lap ra mét tigu chuin) = meet/ achieve/conform to/ comply with standards (dap ting, dm bao tiéu chudn) - raise/ improve standards (nfing cao/ cai thign chat lnong)Subject = bring up a subject (dura ra mét dé tai) - cover/ discuss/ talk about/ touch a subject (48 = drop a subject (théi néi vé mét dé tai) = get off'a subject (chin néi vé mot dé tai) Time = spend time doing sth (danh thoi gian lam gi) = take sb time to do sth (1 thei gian lam gi) - find) make time to do sth (¢6 thoi gian Lim gi) ~ kill/ pass time (giét thoi gian) - time + pass / go by/ elapse (thai gian trdi qua) Title ~ hold a title (gitr mdt danh higu) - defend/ retain a title (bio vé/ duy tri danh higu) = lose a title (mat danh higu) ~ award! below/ confer a title (ban mét danh hiéu) ~ under a / the title (voi twa d8) Trouble = bring/ cause/ give sb trouble (gay phién todi) - take the trouble to do sth (nhoc céng lim gi) ~ have trouble with sth (gip ric réi véi edi gi) = nun into/ get into trouble (gp ric r6i) ‘Sw két hop gitta mt sé wang tir va tinh tir thong dung Adverb Adjective bitterly cold, disappointed, divided, hostile, humiliated, hurt, opposed, resented, resentful, upset completely acelimatized, aione, different, drained, empty! full/ extinguished, immune (from/ to sth), incapable (of sth), incomprehensible, lost, negative, new open (with sb) (= honest), overlooked, revised, right/ wrong, untenable deeply ashamed, attached (to sb/ sth) (= strong feeling for), conscious, conservative, depressed, disappointed, disturbed, divided, embedded, embittered, hurt, indebted (to sb), ingrained, in love with, involved, involved (in sth), lamented, meaningful, moving, religious, rutted entirely absent, beneficial, clear, different, false, fitting. free, global, impersonal, loyal, new, obvious, serious, unconvincing, unexpected heavily Armed, booked, built, censored, criticized, embroiled (with sb/ sth), flavored, guarded, involved (in sth), muscled, polluted, populated, protected, publicized, regulated, represented, scented, soiled, taxed hideously bad, burnt, deformed, disfigured, disfiguring, effective, embarrassing, expensive, injured, lurid, mangled, scarred, swollen, ugly, unhygieniehighly ‘commended, contagious, controversial, critical, dependent, developed, educated, enjoyable, flexible, intelligent, mobile, paid, personal, polished, political, popular, publicized, qualified, recommended, regarded, relevant, resistant, respected, significant, skilled, specialized, technical, toxic, trained, unlikely, valued, volatile painfully acute, aware, evocative, learned, loud, obvious, self-conscious, sensitive, shy, slow, small, sparse, thin perfectly arranged, balanced, capable, fitting (= appropriate), formed, genuine, good, healthy, normal, placed, proper, rational, reasonable, (all) right, safe, still, straightforward, understandable, valid seriously damaged, exposed, hit (=damaged), ill, impaired, rich, threatened, undermined, wealthy totally abandoned, abused, alien, anemic, decent, destroyed, different, embarrassed, harmless, homogeneous, honest, impervious (to sth), inadequate, incompetent, integrated, irresistible, logical, new, normal, overpowering, stiff, surprising, unacceptable, unbelievable, undefined, unjustified, wasted utterly abandoned, alone, appalled, careless, dejected, destroyed, devoted (to sb), different, disastrous, fearless, futile, impossible, irresistible, lacking, ruthless, tragic, unacceptable, unattainable, unquestioning, useless, wrecked