Believers’ Handbook to Bible Chronology and History

From Adam's year "one" to the 99th year of Abraham 2107 years.

From Abraham's year 99 to the first year of the Exodus (Gal 3:8,16-17; Genesis 17:19,18:18)1 430 years
From the year of the Exodus to year 4 of Solomon's reign (1 Kings 6:1) 480 years

Add the remainder of Solomon's 40 years' reign (1 Kings 11:42) 36 years.

Summation of the years for the 19 kings of Judah and their reigns from Jerusalem +393 years
Then add a "one" year period for harvest after the temple's destruction (Jeremiah 40:10-12) +1 year
Ezekiel 4:5-6 – 390+40=430 years from the start of building the Temple until its destruction =430 years
Then add the prophetic period which comprised the Babylonian Captivity of the Jews when the Land of
70 years
Judah observed its Sabbatical years of rest (65 unobserved Sabbath-years+5 unobserved Jubilees)
Finally, add the 69 Weeks of Sabbatical Periods that reach to a Messiah (which should properly begin 483
with the year called Cyrus "one") years
Total number of completed years from Adam to the Messiah of Daniel precisely 4000 years

THE SEVEN DAYS OF CREATION

One of the Chaldean schools assumed seven periods, each of 240,000 years; that is, 1,680,000 years.
Each period of 10,000 years is measured by an hour of the seven days which comprise Creation in
Genesis (168: 7x24).

From the Creation of the World BC [Before Christ]

Gen 1:27 Adam 6th day of Creation 3973
Gen 5:3 Seth 130 3843

1
Exod 12:40 “Who dwelt in {the land of Canaan and in} Egypt.”– correct clarifying gloss in Sam., LXX, TgJon, T. Hieros. Magillah, fol. 71. 4. (p) T. Bab. Megillah, fol. 9. 1; cp Jubilees, Galatians 3:17, Jos. Ant. ii. 15. 2,
Gen 5:6 Enosh +105 = 235 3738
Gen 5:9 Cainan +90 = 325 3648
Gen 5:12 Mahaleel +70 = 395 3578
Gen 5:15 Jared +65 = 460 3513
Gen 5:18 Enoch +162 = 622 3351
Gen 5:21 Methuselah +65 = 687 3286
Gen 5:25 Lamech Adam could tell Lamech about the Garden of Eden and Lamech could have +187 = 874 3099
gone to the area where it was but could not enter.
Gen 5:28 Noah +182 = 1056 2917
Gen 7:6 <FLOOD> +600 = 1656 2317

352 years Flood to Abraham

Generation BC AM NOAH
1 2415 1558 Shem ”Generations of Shem” Gen Ham [wife= Tashlultum?] Japeth
11:10 Lamech could tell Shem about the
Garden of Eden.
2317 1656 Average before ~450 FLOOD New Noahic Covenant
2 2315 1658 Arphaxad - Aram Cush =[Menes/Manishtushu?] Mezraim - Canaan Javan -
Gomer
3 2280 1693 Selah- - 4 Sons of Aram Raamah - [=Rimush] Nimrod[=Naram/Narmer?] Casluhim - Heth, Amori Tarshish –
Ripath
2258 ms’s Sander’s date for 1&2 Dynasty
4 2250 1723 Eber Sheba - Gilgamesh[=Kenkenes Dynasty I?] Philistim - EB I ms’s
 2234 Babylon founded?
Two tablets of astronomical omens (Enuma Anu Enlil 20 & 21) mention a
lunar eclipse dated 14 Simanu at the end of the reign of Šulgi (14/III/48, total
eclipse dated 28 June 1954 BCE), and a lunar eclipse dated 14 Addaru at the
end of the third dynasty of Ur, which ended with the reign of Ibbi-Sîn
(14/XII/24, total eclipse dated 6 March 1911 BCE). These two total lunar
eclipses are separated by 42 years of reign (= 9 years of Amar-Sîn + 9 years of
Šu-Sîn + 24 years of Ibbi-Sîn) and 9 months (=XII - III). During the period
2200-1850 BCE, there was only one couple of lunar eclipses spaced 42 years
and 9 months apart, and visible at Ur, corresponding to the description of the
astronomical omens. These two eclipses confirm the absolute dating of the
reign of Hammurabi (1697-1654) and allow one to anchor the reign of Sargon
of Akkad (2243-2187).
5 2216 1753 Peleg “Days of Peleg” Gen 10:25
2211 1758 Average after ~225 THE DISPERSION

6 2186 1787 Reu Joktan

7 2154 1819 Serug 12 sons of Joktan
2136 Mestraim founds Tanis Dynasty - Syncellus
8 2124 1849 Nahor
Cush =?Menes founds Old Kingdom of Egypt?? >
9 2095 1878 Terah
2089 Egialeus[=Eber?], king of the Greek city of Sicyon began his reign,
1990 ms’s EB II
DR 9th or 10th Khety IV-Pharaoh
whom Abraham visited- 1876-1847
1977 1992 Peleg dies 239
1967 2006 Noah dies 950
These 292 and 361 years are the reduction to one sixtieth of the Berosian figures, which give:
For the first two kings 5100 years
For the 86 following 34,080 "
39,180 "
These 39,180 years are composed of 12 Sothic periods of 1,460 years, and of twelve lunar periods (Assyrian, "tupḳot nannar") of 1,805 years. After 1,805 years the
eclipses recur in the same order; and this cycle was known to the Chaldeans, not by calculation, but by actual observations and registrations of eclipses during
centuries and millennia.
292 years
361 "
653 " UNTIL THE 1ST ‘FALL OF BABYLON

10, 1 1965 2008 Abraham2 Parallel w/Nimrod? Nahor A city of Nahor mentioned in Ge 24:10; Haran Charran: one of the
multiple references to city of Nahur3 in Mari cities destroyed by

2
Abram was not born until the one hundred and thirtieth year of his father's life, for Terah was two hundred and five years old when he died, Ge 11:32 and Abram was but seventy five years of age when he went out of Haran
to Canaan, Ge 12:4 and that was as soon as his father died there; and so that if seventy five are taken out two hundred and five, there will remain one hundred and thirty, in which year and not before Abram must be born
3
Only the northern route seems to reflect an Old Assyrian road as documented by the Old Assyrian ‘itineraries’. This identification is corroborated by information provided by two letters concerning Assyrian merchants
written by Itur-Asdu, a governor residing in Nahur from the sixth till the thirteenth year of Zimri-Lîm (1775–1762 BC) (Guichard 2008). They clearly indicate that the road passed through the territory of the city of Nahur,
where a miksum-tax was levied on the merchandise. According to an Old Babylonian itinerary (Hallo 1964) Nahur was also located on a main caravan road during the Old Babylonian period, on a stretch starting at Apum
and going through Amaz and Nahur to Luha, a city that is often mentioned in the correspondence from Nahur. the most likely candidate for the location of Nahur is the impressive site of Tell Ailun [Anatolia and the Jazira
during the Old Assyrian Period, (Publication de l’Institut Historique et Archéologique Néerlandais de Stamboul 111), Istanbul, 43–53.] On the basis of the remaining 15 texts, Nashef reconstructed the following sequence of
 =Narmer? Dynasty I Letter [NW corner of “Khabur Triangle], and Rabshakeh, king of Assyria
Ramses iii Medinet Habu List # 49 (2Kgs 19:12; Isa 37:12).
Merchants of Haran traded
with Tyre (Eze27:23)
1947 2026 Reu dies 239
1924 2049 Serug dies 230
1890 2083 Terah dies 205 FAMINE Gen Abraham Enters Promised Land
12:10//Gilgamesh =Kenkenes? Dynasty I
Famine?
1879 2094 Ishmael Kemuel +brothers- Lot
1877 2096 Arpachshad dies 438
Covenant 1866 2107 Gal 3:16-17=Gen 17:7-19 Sodom&Gomorrah [Judgments of destruction both occurring after
confirmed Average age after ~112 an interval of ten generations]
11 2 1865 2108 Isaac Shem could tell Abram and Isaac what his
grandfather Lamech shared about the Garden
of Eden, and first-hand about the flood
1847 2126 Selah dies 433
1828 2145 Sarah dies 127
1815 2158 Shem dies 600
FAMINE Gen 26:1 //Sesochris-Neferkaseker Famine?? Dynasty II
12 3 1805 2168 Jacob - Thutmose III, in seventeen 12 sons Ishmael- Aram - Moab&BenAmmi //w/Inachus/Weneg??
elaborate campaigns succeeded in Esau Dynasty II - Eusebius,Jerahmeel
completely conquering Syria and Canaan. 1858-1802 Hoeh
Among the numerous places mentioned
in his lists are Y-'-k-b-'a-ra ... equivalent
to the Semitic Jacob-el
12th Amenemhat I 1800-1770 DR
1790 2183 Abraham dies 175
1786 2187 Eber dies 464
1775 ms’s dynasties 9-11 - EB III
13 4 Esau slays Nimrod??
1749 2224 Ishmael dies 130

stations located on the Mesopotamian part of the trek, set in an order starting from Assur: ASSUR – Sadduatum – Razama sa Bura – Abidiban – Qattara – Razama sa Uhakim – Kaluzanum – Adubazum – Daraqum – Apum –
Amaz – Nahur – Ela/uhut/Luhayu – Abrum – Burallum – Haqa – Zalpa – Buruddum – Hahhum; According to Forlanini, at least three variant routes existed on this section of road: – a southern one, via Pahudar/Puhidar, – a
central one, via Amaz and Nahur, – and a northern one, via Buruddum
 1720 2253 Ruben born to Leah
1719 2254 Simeon born, L
1718 2255 Levi At Karnak, Thutmose III born to Leah---Dan born to Bilhah
lists the names Jacob-El,
Joseph-El and Levi-El as places
or ethnic groups over which he
claims dominion.
1717 2256 Judah* born to Leah
1716 2257 Naphtali born to Bilhah---Gad to Zilpah
1715 2258 Asher to Zilpah
Issachar born to Leah
1714 2259 Joseph Eliphaz/Reuel
2276 Joseph in EGYPT Thutmose III, in seventeen elaborate campaigns
succeeded in completely conquering Syria and
Canaan. Among the numerous places mentioned in
his lists are .. Y-s-p-'a-ra, .. equivalent to the
Semitic ... Joseph-el.
14 Job Perez* Kohath Amalek&Teman/Zerah If the Assyrian years were lunar before the reign of Tiglath-
pileser I (1115-1076), this makes it possible to slightly
, correct the reign of Šamšî-Adad I (1712-1680), yet as this
5 Amorite king died in the 17th year of King Hammurabi,
then this synchronism fixes the dating of this Babylonian
king (1697-1654). This dating does not correspond to the
“Middle Chronology” but, on the other hand, exactly
satisfies the astronomical dating of the Ammisaduqa tablet
on Venus, according to the “Ultra-Low Chronology”.
 1688 2288 Isaac Dynsaty III
dies 180
1684 2289 7 YEARS OF PLENTY Snefru//Joseph = Soufis-Comates? 66/29 1706-1677 //1684-1618
~1685 Ephraim
~1687 Manasseh
12th Amenemhat III DR 1682-1637
1677 2296 7 YEARS OF FAMINE Job/Jashub ben Issachar=Soufis ii/ Cheop//Djoser Dynsaty III 1677-1614 //1688-1659 DR Joseph appointed vizier 1670
1675 2298 ISRAEL Enters Egypt
1672 Dodecarchy=Jabob’s 12 // Lachares/Amenemh iii Dynasty XII 1672-1650//1691-1642
~1667 ~Machir Ephraim = 1646-1619 1667 BC Sesostris .
Chephren/Khafre? 1618-1587 Famine Joseph
Machir ms’s
=Moscheres/Mycinerus
/Menkaure? 63/31
15, 1664 2307 FALL OF ANCIENT BABYLON
6

1649 Machir regency ~Amram Tahan Num 26:29 [Joseph co-regency 1649-1618 overlap
w/Machir]
1658 2315 Jacob dies 147 Laadan
Ammihud
ms’s 1614 BC Emperor Chin's 10 suns

1604 2369 Gilead Joseph dies 110 JOSEPH adopts Machir’s

children before death
(Gen 50:23)
1618 Succeeds Ephraim as sole ruler 1618-1587

1587 Machir dies?

1560
~1550 ms’s Sesostris III Start of Babylon 1 LB I
1536 Pharaohs who knew not Joseph Nephercheres 6 Dynasty V
 1530 Pepi the Great 94
16, 7 1519 2454 /Ram* Aaron/ Elishama -Born during Oppression Pharoah
1516 2457 Moses -born during the 1st-born massacre
1476 2497 -Moses flees next pharaoh
17, 8 Amminadab* Nun
Eleazar/ Joshua
18 Phinehas/ 1452 BC ms’s Kha-Ankh-Ra - Thirteenth 13th or 16th Dudimos- Exodus
Dynasty catastrophes EB IV - MB I took place in 1447-1450 DR
Exodus catastrophes
EXODUS 1436 2537 - Moses returns to next pharaoh /Unas/ Acheskos Okaras/ Merenre Nemtyemsaf
II/Menthusuphis
19, 9 1434 2539 /Nahshon* The Land Spied Out [Caleb 40]
1399 BC MB II A Joshua catastrophe; the
battle; stones from heaven; The sun stands still.
20, 10 1396 2577 /Salmon* Aaron dies Rahab * Hesbon Captured
123 Moses
dies 120

1396 2577 Hesbon Captured [Caleb 78]

1389 2584 Land divided [Caleb 85]
“And the Land had rest” Jos
11:23,14:15
Joshua d 110 [Jos
Eleazar d 130
JUDGE OPPRESSOR
1367-59 2603 “Israel did evil” [Jdg 3:7] Chushanrishathaim of Mesopotamia 8 Jdg 3:8
[Phinehas priest]
Jdg 20:1-11
1359-19 “a deliverer” 3:19 Othniel [Caleb’s brother] 40 “And the Land had rest” Jdg 3:11
Jdg 3:11
1345 BC ms’s Hyksos MB II B Kenaz catastrophe striking the Amorites blind
1319-01 “Israel AGAIN did evil” [Jdg Eglon/Moab 18 Jdg 3:14
3:12]
1301-1221 “a deliverer” 3:15 Ehud 80 Jdg 3:30 Benjamin “And the Land had rest” Jdg 3:30
1292 BC ms’s Expulsion of the Hyksos - Othniel as Judge. Time of Mitanni strength
1238 BC ms’s Begin 17&18 MB II C Deborah/Thuthmose III event*1
Ruth famine here or 1129 . . Earthquake at the time of Shalmanezer 1 ?
,11 Obed* [Shamgar “a deliverer” 3:31]
1221-01 “Israel AGAIN did evil” [Jdg Jabin Opp 20 Jdg 4:3 [Ends with “Phaeton Event”?]
4:1]
1201-1161 ------------------------ Deborah 40 Jdg 5:31 Ephraim “And the Land had rest” Jdg 5:31
 1173 Eli Born
,12 1161-54 Boaz* FAMINE “Israel did evil” Midianite Opp. 7 Jdg 6:1
[Jdg 6:1]
1158 BC ms’s "New Moon" festival in twenty third year of Thutmose III LB I
Deborah catastrophe*2 - Santorini/Thera eruption; End of Middle Bronze IIC, MMIII, and MH
periods; Very widespread destruction, including Alaca Huyuk, Boghazkoy, Alishar, Lachish, Mirsin,
Knossos, HAZOT, Belitin, Tell Duweir, etc ?
1154-14 “a deliverer” 6:14 Gideon 40 Jdg 8:28, Manasseh “And the Land had rest” Jdg 8:28
1144-41 ------------------------ Abimelech 3
1141- “a deliverer” 10:1 Tola 23 Jdg 10:1-2 Ephraim ------------------------
1118
1129 BC ms’s LB II A Aud/Gideon catastrophe; Ruth famine here or 1238
1118- ------------------------ Jair 22 Jdg 10:3, Gilead ------------------------
1096
1115- ------------------------ Eli becomes Priest/Judge 40
1075 1Sam 4:18
1114- “Israel AGAIN did evil” AMMONITE OPPRESSION 18 PHILISTINE OPPRESSION 40
1096 [10:6] “Israel AGAIN did Jdg 10:7-8 Ends with Jephthah Jdg 10:7, 13:1
1114- evil” [Jdg 13:1]
1074
1096 ------------------------ Jephthah 6 Jdg 12:7, starting ------------------------
300 years after conquest of
Heshbon Jdg 11:26
,13 1090 Jesse* Ibzan 7 Jdg 12:8-9 ------------------------
1083 Elon 10 Jdg 12:11 ------------------------
“a deliverer” Samson 20 15:20, 16:31
1076 BC ms’s Akhenaten stimulus . Samuel catastrophe . .
Cause of famine during El Amarna period; Cause of chaos after rule of Tiglathpileser I. ?
1075 Isrealites loses Ark – Eli dies at 98
[Ahitub becomes Priest]
1074-75 Israel regains ark
J.Y
1073 ------------------------ Abdon 8 Jdg 12:13-14 ------------------------
Begin 21-25 dynasties ms’s
1065 End of Abdon’s judgeship
1056 Samuel God’s Hail-Victory - 1Sam 7
End of Philistine Oppression

1040 “a deliverer” [1Sam 9:16] Saul [Ahimelech Priest]

,14 1030 David* The victory stele in Aramaic known as In the second inscription, the Mesha Inscription, the The third inscription, in Egyptian, mentions a region in the
phrase “house of David” appears in Moabite in line 31 Negev called “the heights of David” after King David (Kenneth
the “house of David” inscription, discovered at Tel
with the same meaning: that he is the founder of the A. Kitchen, “A Possible Mention of David in the Late Tenth
Dan; Avraham Biran and Joseph Naveh, “An
dynasty. There David’s name appears with only its first Century B.C.E., and Deity *Dod as Dead as the Dodo?”
Aramaic Stele from Tel Dan,” IEJ 43 (1993), pp.
letter destroyed, and no other letter in that spot makes Journal for the Study of the Old Testament 76 [1997], pp. 39–
81–98, and idem, “The Tel Dan Inscription: A
sense without creating a very strained, awkward reading 41; IBP, p. 214 note 3, which is revised in “Corrections,” pp.
New Fragment,” IEJ 45 (1995), pp. 1–18. An
(André Lemaire, “‘House of David’ Restored in Moabite 119–121; “Sixteen,” p. 43). In the table on p. 46 of BAR, David
ancient Aramaic word pattern in line 9 designates
Inscription,” BAR 20, no. 3 [May/June 1994]: pp. 30–37. is listed as king of Judah.
David as the founder of the dynasty of Judah in the
David’s name also appears in line 12 of the Mesha
phrase “house of David” (2 Sam 2:11 and 5:5;
Inscription (Anson F. Rainey, “Mesha‘ and Syntax,” in J.
Gary A. Rendsburg, “On the Writing ‫ביתדיד‬
Andrew Dearman and M. Patrick Graham, eds., The
[BYTDWD] in the Aramaic Inscription from Tel
Land That I Will Show You: Essays on the History and
Dan,” IEJ 45 [1995], pp. 22–25; Raging Torrent,
Archaeology of the Ancient Near East in Honor of J.
 p. 20, under “Ba’asha . . .”; IBP, pp. 110–132, Maxwell Miller. (JSOT Supplement series, no. 343;
265–77; “Sixteen,” pp.41–43) Sheffield, England:Sheffield Academic, 2001), pp. 287–
307; IBP, pp. 265–277; “Sixteen,” pp. 41–43).
1024-25 J.Y
1022 BC .ms’s LB II B David's early days, Psalmic
catastrophes –; End of Late Palace period; Heraclean
sack of Troy; Jason and the Argonauts; Fire in the sky
at time of Simbar -Hihu of Babylon; El Amarna periond
ends. ?
1002 - ? Samuel dies 1Sam 25:14

4
According to Juchasin fol. 11. 1, Saul died two years after Samuel, to which agrees Clemens of Alexandria {Stromat. l. 1. p. 325}; and according to the Jews {Schulchan Aruch, par. 1. c. 580. sect. 2}, he died the twentieth
of Ijar
24 2973 1000 [B.C.] David 40 2Sa 5:4, 1Ki 2Sam 3:18 [a deliverer of Israel]
974-75 J.Y 2:11 [Abiathar Priest]
969 BC - ms’s King David pestilence; Stimulation to . Bad omens observed under Nabu-
Mukin- Apli in Babylon; The
build the Temple in Jerusalem; Famine in Israel the
Trojan War, Troy VI(h.) destroyed
subject of the Stela of Merneptah, Father-in-law of by earth -quake ?
Solomon; "Israel without seed." Ramesses III is Shishak
25,15 3013 960 [B.C.] Solomon 40 1Ki 11:42
3017 956 [B.C.] Temple starts, 1Kgs 6:1 430 year countdown [Ezekiel 4.6]
924-25 J.Y
19th Ramesses II=Shishak, King of Egypt (1 Kings 14:25f;
 2 Chronicles 12:2-9) 943-877 DR

Am BC JUDAH ISRAEL

26,1 305 920 Rehoboam Rehoboam, Kg1 11:43 of Naamah an Ammonitess, Kg1 14:21 Jeroboam 22
6 3 BC 17
am 920-904
34+17=51
27,1 307 903 Abijam 3 Abijam begins to rule Judah in Jeroboam's 18th year (1 Kings 15:1-2) called Abijam, as in
yr1= J’s 18th Kg1 14:31, Abijah, Ch2 12:16 and Abia, Ch1 3:10, Matt 1:7 . - of Maachah, the daughter
7 0 BC [17+1] of Abishalom, Kg1 15:2 called Michaiah, the daughter of Uriel, Ch2 13:2
903-901
51+3=54
28,1 307 900 Asa 41 yr1= Asa begins to rule in Judah Jeroboam's 20th year (1 Kings 15:9-10) who was a good king 2
J’s 20 [920 BC-
th Chronicles 14:6 “the land had rest”
8 3 BC 20=900 BC]
900-860
54+41=95

307 898 [900 BC-2=898 Nadab begins to rule Israel in Asa's 2nd year (1 Kings 15:25) Nadab 2 [920 BC-22=898 BC]
BC]
5

307 897 [900 BC-3=897 Baasha begins to rule Israel in Asa's 3rd year (1 Kings 15:33) Baasha 24
BC]
6 [Nadab reigns yr 898, dies in 2nd yr, 897=1st yr of Baasha]

874 [900 BC-26=874 Elah begins to rule Israel in Asa's 26th year (1 Kings 16:8) Elah 2 [Baasha reigned from the third to the twenty-sixth year of Asa,
BC]
i.e., not quite twenty-four years, but only twenty-three years and a few
months, so his son Elah reigned from the twenty-sixth to the twenty-
seventh year of Asa, i.e., not quite two years.]

873 [900 BC-27=873 Zimri rules Israel for 7 days in Asa's 27th year (1 Kings 16:15). This is also the year Tibni Zimri <1
BC] and Omri begin rival reigns in Israel following Zimri's suicide (1 Kings 16:21-22).

[4 yr civil war]
869 [900 BC-31=869 Omri prevails over Tibni and begins the first year of his SOLE reign over Israel in Asa's 31st Omri 12 [reckoning from his rebellion against Zimri, civil war with
BC] year (1 Kings 16:22-23)
Tibni 4 yrs, +8 years solo reign, 6 in Tirzah] Assyrians refer not only to
him as a king of Israel (ANET, pp. 280, 281), but also to the later rulers
of that territory as kings of “the house of Omri” and that territory itself
literally as “the house of Omri” (Raging Torrent, pp. 34, 35; ANET, pp.
284, 285). The Mesha Inscription also refers to Omri as “the king of
Israel” in lines 4–5, 7 (Dearman, Studies, pp. 97, 100–101; COS, vol. 2,
p. 137; IBP, pp. 108–110, 216; “Sixteen,” p. 43.

862 [900 BC-38=862 Ahab begins to rule Israel in Asa's 38th year (1 Kings 16:29) Ahab 22 862 BC Some years earlier Wen-Amun under Ramesses XI visits
BC] Zikerbaal/ Sicharbus of Byblos, first husband of Elissa, future founder of Carthage -
Regnal Yrs Famine at the time of Ahab; Terror of Jehovah in Judah ---- End of Iron Age 1; End
31,32,33, of Troy VII9(b)i; Destruction of the army of Ben Hadad of Aram; Confusion in
34,35,36,37,38=8 Babylon under Nabu-Apal-Iddina ??
yrs, 869-862 BC
29,1 311 859 Jehoshapha Jehoshaphat begins to rule Judah in Ahab's 4th year (1 Kings 22:41-42) Kg1 15:24 whom [862,861,860,859=4 yrs]
Asa begat of Azubah, the daughter of Shilhi, Kg1 22:42. He also was a very good prince
9 4 t 25 [900 BC-
41=859 BC]
859-835
95+25=120
842 [859 BC-17=842 Ahaziah begins to rule Israel in Jehoshaphat's 17th year (1 Kings 22:51) Ahaziah 2
BC,
Co-regency yr 1 [~2 year co-regency with Ahab, parts of years 842 and 841 ]
with son Joram
[not counted in
Joram’s 8 yr solo
reign]
841 Jehoram begins to rule Israel in Jehoshaphat's 18th year (2 Kings 3:1), which was also the 2nd Jehoram 12 [We can infer that Joram reigned 11 whole uncontested
year of Judah's Jehoram co-regency (2 Kings 1:17)
calendars, but started a full 15 year reign with 3-4 years of consolidating
his legitimacy, similar to Omri]

30,2 313 834 Joram 8 [859 Jehoram begins to rule Judah in Jehoram's (of Israel) 5th year (2 Kings 8:16-17) Joram Matt [his 5th uncontested year]
BC-25=834 BC; 1:8; called Jehoram, Kg1 22:50 to whom his father gave the kingdom, because he was
0 9 begin 1st year in the firstborn, Ch2 21:3.
835, completes
1st full calendar
year 834]
834-827
120+8=128
31, 314 826 Ahaziah 1 =Jehoahaz begins to rule Judah in Jehoram's (of Israel) 12th year (2 Kings 8:25-26) or 11th
whole year (2 Kings 9:29)
7 [834 BC-8=826
BC; begin 1st
year in 827,
completes 1st full
calendar year
826] 129
314 826 Athaliah 7 Jehu begins to rule Israel after killing Jehoram (2 Kings 9:24), and Athaliah begins to rule

7 2Ki 11:3-4 Judah after Jehu kills Jehoahaz (2 Kings 9:27) Jehu 28
826-820 136

31 315 819 Jehoash 40 Jehoash begins to rule Judah in Jehu's 7th year (2 Kings 12:1)
819-780 176 808 BC ms’s .IRON II Defeat of Joash and the restoration of
4 the Temple -- Jeroboam II; Uzziah -- End of Troy VII(b)ii in
conflagration; the end of Iron Age IIA

796 Jehoahaz begins to rule Israel after Jehoash's (of Judah) 23rd year (2 Kings 13:1) Jehoahaz 17 [Jehu reigns 28 complete year between 825-797, with
months in 826 and 796 on either side]

781 Jehoash begins to rule Israel after Jehoash's (of Judah) 37th year (2 Kings 13:10) Jehoash 16 [Jehoahaz reign 15 whole yrs between ’96-’82, with
partial years in 797 & 781] Tell al-Rimaḥ inscription of Adad-Nirari III,
king of Assyria (r. 810–783 sic), which mentions “the tribute of Joash [=
Iu’asu] the Samarian” (Stephanie Page, “A Stela of Adad-Nirari III and
Nergal-Ereš from Tell Al Rimaḥ,” Iraq 30 [1968]: pp. 142–145, line 8,
Pl. 38–41; RIMA 3, p. 211, line 8 of A.0.104.7; Raging Torrent, pp. 39–
41).
32 319 779 Amaziah Amaziah begins to rule Judah in Jehoash's (of Israel) 2nd year (2 Kings 14:1-2) Jehoash 2 whole years 781-780, 780-779

4 29
779-751
176+29=205
764 Jeroboam II begins to rule Israel in Amaziah's 15th year (2 Kings 14:23) Jeroboam II 40 [[777-737]] 41 [a deliverer] 2 Kings 13:5 & 2Ki
14:27. 2 Kings 13:13, etc., in the seal of his royal servant Shema,
discovered at Megiddo (WSS, p. 49 no. 2; IBP, pp. 133–139, 217;
“Sixteen,” p. 46).
754/755 Sheshonz I; Osorkon II; King Pedubast I; Sixth year of
Pedubast, therefore twentieth year of Psusennes I/ Amenemope
era -- Earthquake of Uzziah, plus leprosy - Leprosy at the time of
Bocchoris/ Bakenranef; Ashur Dan III epidemic of plague; End of Iron
Age IIB; Era of foundation of Rome at which time the sun was
disrupted; Blood rained the the city and plague was rampant during reign
of Romulus; If the quotation "his death occurred in the 54th year of his
age." refers to the time from the founding of Rome, it was a time of
"thunder and lightning"; if from the time of his birth, this also was a time
of "omens."

33,2 322 750 Uzziah, 52 Uzziah begins to rule Judah in Jeroboam's 27th year (2 Kings 15:1-2) aka Ozias Matt 1:8; From this statement we learn that Jeroboam ii was made co-regent with
called Uzziah, Ch2 26:1 and Azariah, Kg2 15:1 Jehoash in 777 BC
1 3 751-699 257
The inscribed stone seals of two of his royal servants: Abiyaw and
Shubnayaw (more commonly called Shebanyaw); WSS, p. 51 no. 4 and
p. 50 no. 3, respectively; IBP, pp. 153–159 and 159–163, respectively,
and p. 219 no. 20 (a correction to IBP is that on p. 219, references to WSS
nos. 3 and 4 are reversed); “Sixteen,” pp. 46–47. Cf. also his secondary
burial inscription from the Second Temple era (IBP, p. 219 n. 22).

712 Zachariah begins to rule Israel in Uzziah's 38th year (2 Kings 15:8) Zachariah <1 [[ 25 YEAR INTERREGNUM ]] From this
statement we learn that there was an interregnum of 25 years between
Jerboam ii and Zachariah

711 From these Shallum rules Israel for one month in Uzziah's 39th year (2 Kings 15:13), and is succeeded by Shallum <1
statements we who begins to rule Israel in Uzziah's 39th year (2 Kings 15:17)
learn that Menahem 10 [711-701] Calah Annals of Tiglath-pileser III. Annal
Zacariah’s 6- 13, line 10 refers to “Menahem of Samaria” in a list of kings who paid
month reign tribute (ITP, pp. 68–69, Pl. IX). Tiglath-pileser III’s stele from Iran, his
overlapped 712- only known stele, refers explicitly to Menahem as king of Samaria in
711 column III, the right side, A: “[line 1] The kings of the land of Hatti (and
of) the Aramaeans of the western seashore . . . [line 5] Menahem of
Samaria.” (ITP, pp. 106–107). See also Raging Torrent, pp. 51, 52, 54,
55, 59; ANET, p. 283
701 BC Pharaoh So at the time of Hosea, therefore Shoshenq I
the first ruler of an Assyrian Dynasty (not Libyan_ put in place at
the time of the invasion of Tiglathpileser III under his Governor
Idi_Bi'ilu. Hence the Shoshenq Prince of Me in the Piankhy
Stela is the man installed by the Assyrians. The destruction of
Sennecherib's army; The flood of Tirhaka (possibly 13= years later, but unlikely).

700 Pekahiah begins to rule Israel in Uzziah's 50th year (2 Kings 15:23) Pekahiah 2
698 Pekah begins to rule Israel in Uzziah's 52nd year (2 Kings 15:27) Pekah 20 [begins reign at the end of 698].
Inscriptions of Tiglath-pileser III. Among various references to “Pekah,”
the most explicit concerns the replacement of Pekah in Summary
Inscription 4, lines 15–17: “[line 15] . . . The land of Bit-Humria . . . .
[line 17] Peqah, their king [I/they killed] and I installed Hoshea [line 18]
 [as king] over them” (ITP, pp. 140–141; Raging Torrent, pp. 66–67).

34,2 327 698 Jotham, 16 Jotham begins to rule Judah in Pekah's 2nd year (2 Kings 15:32-33) Joatham Matt 1:9; Jotham, [Pekah counts his reign from first full year]
698-683 Kg2 15:7 of Jerushah, the daughter of Zadok, Kg2 15:33.
2 5 Tiglath-pileser’s Summary Inscription 4, described in preceding note 18,
257+16=275
where Hoshea is mentioned as Pekah’s immediate successor

35,2 329 682 Ahaz, 16 Ahaz begins to rule Judah in Pekah's 17th year (2 Kings 16:1-2) Achaz , or Ahaz, Kg2 15:38 to Tiglath-pileser III’s Summary Inscription 7, reverse, line 11, refers to
682-667 291 him the sign was given, and the famous prophecy of the Messiah, Isa 7:14. “Jehoahaz of Judah” in a list of kings who paid tribute (ITP, pp. 170–
3 1 171; Raging Torrent, pp. 58–59). The Bible refers to him by the
shortened form of his full name, Ahaz, rather than by the full form of his
name, Jehoahaz, which the Assyrian inscription uses. Cf. the
unprovenanced seal of ’Ushna’, more commonly called ’Ashna’, the
name Ahaz appears (IBP, pp.163–169, with corrections from Kitchen’s
review of IBP as noted in “Corrections,” p. 117; “Sixteen,” pp. 38–39 n.
11).

678 Hoshea kills Pekah in Jotham's 20th year (2 Kings 15:30). Note: it's important to observe The Hebrew read “in-years 20 of-Jotham” – no mention of his reign
Scripture nowhere indicates Hoshea began to rule over Israel immediately after killing Pekah [which expired 4 years prior], but the 20th year of his era beginning, with
his reign. The inspired writer references Jotham’s era rather than Ahaz’
because that latter has yet to be introduced in the narrative [[ 7 YEAR
INTERREGNUM ]] Tiglathpileser (III) records in his monuments
that Hoshea has been deposed and that he had restored him to power.
Who was king during those years? The Bible does not reveal the answer -
- but the Assyrian records do! The king was Ahab (ii) who perished in
his wars with Assyria’s Shalmaneser III (Kurkh Monolith “Battle of
Qarqar”). A Jerusalem bulla published in 2017 is inscribed with the name
“Ahab son-of Menahem”

669 Hoshea begins to rule Israel in Ahaz's 12th year (2 Kings 17:1), 7 years after he killed Pekah Hoshea 9 [Hoshea counts his reign from first full year]

36,2 330 666 Hezekiah 29 Hezekiah begins to rule Judah in Hoshea's 3rd year (2 Kings 18:1-2) Ezekias, or Hezekiah, The Rassam Cylinder of Sennacherib (in this inscription, Raging Torrent
666-638 Kg2 16:20 him Ahaz of Abi, the daughter of Zachariah, Kg2 18:2. singular favour from God to records frequent mention of Hezekiah in pp. 111–123; COS, pp. 302–
4 7 291+29=320 have fifteen years added to his days, Isa 38:5. 303). It mentions “Hezekiah the Judahite” (col. 2 line 76 and col. 3 line 1
in Luckenbill, Annals of Sennacherib, pp. 31, 32) and “Jerusalem, his
royal city” (ibid., col. 3 lines 28, 40; ibid., p. 33The Bull Inscription from
the palace at Nineveh (ANET, p. 288; Raging Torrent, pp. 126–127) also
mentions “Hezekiah the Judahite” (lines 23, 27 in Luckenbill, Annals of
Sennacherib, pp. 69, 70) and “Jerusalem, his royal city” (line 29; ibid., p.
33). Royal bulla of Hezekiah, king of Judah, discovered in the Ophel
excavations of Eilat Mazar. Imperfections along the left edge of the
impression in the clay contributed to a delay in correct reading of the
bulla until late in 2015. An English translation of the bulla is: “Belonging
to Heze[k]iah, [son of] ’A[h]az, king of Jud[ah]” online article by the
Hebrew University of Jerusalem, “Impression of King Hezekiah’s Royal
Seal Discovered in Ophel Excavations South of Temple Mount in
Jerusalem,” December 2, 2015; Robin Ngo, “King Hezekiah in the Bible:
Royal Seal of Hezekiah Comes to Light,” Bible History Daily (blog),
originally published on December 3, 2015; Meir Lubetski, “King
Hezekiah’s Seal Revisited,” BAR, July/August 2001.

662 Shalmaneser III5 laid siege against Samaria in Hezekiah's 4th year, which was Hoshea's 7th Shalmaneser III’s year 14 -- 722-721, spring-to-spring
year (2 Kings 18:9)
reckoning -- king Shalmaneser III sent 120,000 troops
across the Euphrates to crush a revolt, which had suddenly
developed along the shores of the Eastern Mediterranean.
His attack met with brilliant success. The next three years

5
Shalmaneser V only reigned 5 years, not long enough to execute this 3 year siege, and then wage war against Tyre, including a five-year siege of the famous emporium, as Josephus records ("Antiquities", book IX, chap.
14.)
 are silent in Shalmaneser's annals.
331 660 Samaria fell to Assyria in Hezekiah's 6th year, which was Hoshea's 9th year (2 Kings 18:10) FALL OF THE KINDOM OF ISRAEL
4

648 BC ms’s Flood of Shoshenq III after possibly the

same event in his fifteenth year .Falling fire and famine in Arabia
at the time of Ashurbanipal; "Moon eclipse" of the Prince of Amurru
causing an evil disturbance; The "omen' or "lack of omen" of Takelot I
in his fifteenth year; King Osorkon, Usermare Setepenamon Si-ese, also
refers to a great flood

37,2 333 637 Manasseh,5 This would be the last year of Hezekiah's 29 year reign and start of Manasseh's rule over Inscriptions of Assyrian kings Esarhaddon (Raging Torrent, pp. 131,
Judah (2 Kings 18:2 Manasseh was twelve years old when he began to reign, so that he was 133, 136) and Ashurbanipal (ibid., p. 154). “Manasseh, king of Judah,”
5 6 5 born Hezekiah's illness (2Ki_20:1.). according to Esarhaddon, was among those who paid tribute to him
637-583 (Esarhaddon’s Prism B, column 5, line 55; R. Campbell Thompson, The
Of Prisms of Esarhaddon and Ashurbanipal [London: Trustees of the
Meshullemeth, British Museum, 1931], p. 25; ANET, p. 291). Also, Ashurbanipal
the daughter of records that “Manasseh, king of Judah” paid tribute to him
Haruz of Jotbah, (Ashurbanipal’s Cylinder C, col. 1, line 25; Maximilian Streck,
2Ki 21:19. He Assurbanipal und die letzten assyrischen Könige bis zum Untergang
was a very Niniveh’s, [Vorderasiatische Bibliothek 7; Leipzig: J. C. Hinrichs, 1916],
wicked prince. vol. 2, pp. 138–139; ANET, p. 294
375
38,2 339 582 Amon, 2 This would be the last year of Manasseh's 55 year reign and start of Amon's rule over Judah (2
Kings 21:1).
6 1 582-581
377
39,2 339 580 Josiah 31 This would be the last year of Amon's 2 year reign and possible start of Josiah's rule over Hilkiah, high priest during Josiah’s reign, within, 2 Kings 22:4, etc., in
Judah (2 Kings 21:19). the City of David bulla of Azariah, son of Hilkiah (WSS, p. 224 no. 596;
7 3 580-550
IBP, pp. 148–151; 229 only in [50] City of David bulla; “Sixteen,” p.
Josias, or Josiah
49).6 Shaphan, scribe during Josiah’s reign, 2 Kings 22:3, etc., in the
of Jedidah, the
City of David bulla of Gemariah, son of Shaphan (WSS, p. 190 no. 470;
daughter of
IBP, pp. 139–146, 228). Azariah, high priest during Josiah’s reign,
Adaiah of
within, 1 Chronicles 5:39, etc., in the City of David bulla of Azariah, son
Boscath, 2Ki
of Hilkiah (WSS, p. 224 no. 596; IBP, pp. 151–152; 229).
22:1. He was a
very pious king,
and was
prophesied of by
name some
hundreds of years
before he was
born,
1Ki 13:2.
377+31=408
340 567 Jeremiah began his prophecy in Josiah's 13th year (Jeremiah 1:2 and 25:3)

6
554 ~ Fall of Nineveh [27 yrs before Jerusalem ]
549 Pharaoh Necho fights Assyria at the Euphrates; Josiah dies

6
Analysis of the clay of these bullae shows that they were produced in the locale of Jerusalem (Eran Arie, Yuval Goren, and Inbal Samet, “Indelible Impression: Petrographic Analysis of Judahite Bullae,” in The Fire Signals
of Lachish: Studies in the Archaeology and History of Israel in the Late Bronze Age, Iron Age, and Persian Period in Honor of David Ussishkin [ed. Israel Finkelstein and Nadav Na’aman; Winona Lake, Ind.: Eisenbrauns,
2011], p. 10, quoted in “Sixteen,” pp. 48–49 n. 34).
40 342 549 Jehoahaz, <1 This would be the last year of Josiah's 31 year reign and start of Jehoahaz's 3 month rule over Note: as above, it's possible Jehoahaz began to rule in year 367 rather
Judah (2 Kings 22:1). than year 366, however in this case it doesn't really matter because the
4 Jeremiah synchronism (year 348 to year 370) provides a bridge around
Jehoahaz's reign. King Jehoiakim was “put into bands” by Pharaoh-
Necho and made a tributary vassal to him (2Ki_23:33.), and all the land
from the river of Egypt even unto the Euphrates was brought under his
sway

41,2 342 549 Jehoiakim, Jehoahaz's 3 month reign ends and Jehoiakim starts to rule over Judah (2 Kings 23:30-31). Jechonias is the same with Jehoiakim, the son of Josias, called so by
Note: the start of Jehoiakim's rule is found by working backwards from the synchronism of Pharaohnecho, when he made him king, whose name before was
8 4 11 year 370. Eliakim, 2Ki 23:34 begat of Zebudah, the daughter of Pedaiah of
549-538 Rumah, 2Ki 23:36.
408+11=419 Gemariah, official during Jehoiakim’s reign, Jeremiah 36:10, etc., in the
City of David bulla of Gemariah, son of Shaphan (WSS, p. 190 no. 470;
IBP, pp. 147, 232).

342 545 1st deportation Jeremiah's 23rd year of prophecy is synchronized to Jehoiakim's 4th year as Judah's king,
[2kg 24:1,Dan which was also Nebuchadnezzar's 1st year as Babylon's king (Jeremiah 25:1-3)
8 1:1f]
539 Jer 52:28 This is the people whom Nebuchadrezzar carried away
captive: in the seventh year three thousand Jews and three and twenty:
[3023]

42,2 343 538 Jehoiachin's 3 This would be the last year of Jehoiakim's 11 year reign (2 Kings 23:36) and the start of Four Babylonian administrative tablets regarding oil rations or deliveries,
month reign Jehoiachin's 3 month rule over Judah (2 Kings 24:8). This was also the 1st year of Jehoiachin's during his exile in Babylonia (Raging Torrent, p. 209; ANEHST, pp.
8 5 captivity which is also synchronized to Nebuchadnezzar's 8th year (2 Kings 24:12). 386–387). Discovered at Babylon, they are dated from the tenth to the
thirty-fifth year of Nebuchadnezzar II, king of Babylonia and conqueror
of Jerusalem. One tablet calls Jehoiachin “king” (Text Babylon 28122,
obverse, line 29; ANET, p. 308). A second, fragmentary text mentions
him as king in an immediate context that refers to “[. . . so]ns of the king
of Judah” and “Judahites” (Text Babylon 28178, obverse, col. 2, lines
38–40; ANET, p. 308). The third tablet calls him “the son of the king of
Judah” and refers to “the five sons of the king of Judah” (Text Babylon
28186, reverse, col. 2, lines 17–18; ANET, p. 308). The fourth text, the
most fragmentary of all, confirms “Judah” and part of Jehoiachin’s name,
2Ki 24:14 He captured all Jerusalem, all the generals, all the soldiers
(10,000 prisoners), and all the craftsmen and smiths. Only the poorest
people of the land were left.

43 Zedekiah,1 Nebuchadnezzar II, king, 2 Kings 24:1, etc., in many cuneiform tablets,
including his own inscriptions. See Raging Torrent, pp. 220–223; COS,
1 vol. 2, pp. 308–310; ANET, pp. 221, 307–311; ABC, p. 232. The Neo-
538-527 Babylonian Chronicle series refers to him in Chronicles 4 and 5
419+11=430 (ANEHST, pp.415, 416–417, respectively). Chronicle 5, reverse, lines
11–13, briefly refers to his conquest of Jerusalem(“the city of Judah”) by
defeating “its king” (Jehoiachin), as well as his appointment of “a king of
his own choosing” (Zedekiah) as king of Judah.
528 Jer 32:1 The Synchronism of Zedekiah's 10th year & Nebuchadnezzar 18th year (Jeremiah 32:1) Shelemiah, father of Jehucal the official, late 7th century, Jeremiah
word that came 37:3; 38:1 and 32. Jehucal (= Jucal), official during Zedekiah’s reign,
to Jeremiah from Jeremiah 37:3; 38:1 only, both referred to in a bulla discovered in the
 the LORD in the City of David in 2005 (Eilat Mazar, “Did I Find King David’s Palace?”
tenth year of BAR 32, no. 1 [January/February 2006], pp. 16–27, 70; idem,
Zedekiah king of Preliminary Report on the City of David Excavations 2005 at the Visitors
Judah, which was Center Area [Jerusalem and New York: Shalem, 2007], pp. 67–69; idem,
the eighteenth “The Wall that Nehemiah Built,” BAR 35, no. 2 [March/April 2009], pp.
year of 24–33,66; idem, The Palace of King David: Excavations at the Summit of
Nebuchadrezzar. the City of David: Preliminary Report of Seasons 2005-2007
2 For then the [Jerusalem/New York: Shoham Academic Research and Publication,
king of Babylon's 2009], pp. 66–71).
army besieged
Jerusalem
527 Fall of Jerusalem synchronized to Zedekiah's 11th year (Jeremiah 39:2) and Nebuchadnezzar's Pashhur, father of Gedaliah the official, late 7th century, Jeremiah 38:1
19th year (2 Kings 25:8, Jeremiah 52:12) and 34. Gedaliah, official during Zedekiah’s reign, Jeremiah 38:1 only,
both referred to in a bulla discovered in the City of David in 2008. See
“Corrections,” pp. 92–96; “Sixteen,” pp. 50–51 Nebo-sarsekim, chief
official of Nebuchadnezzar II, fl. early 6th century, Jeremiah 39:3, in a
cuneiform inscription on Babylonian clay tablet BM 114789 (1920-12-
13, 81). Michael Jursa discovered this Babylonian reference to the
biblical “Nebosarsekim, the Rab-saris” (rab ša-rēši, meaning “chief
official”) of Nebuchadnezzar II (r. 604–562). Jursa identified this official
in his article, “Nabu-šarrūssu-ukīn, rab ša-rēši, und ‘Nebusarsekim’ (Jer.
39:3),” Nouvelles Assyriologiques Breves et Utilitaires2008/1 (March):
pp. 9–10 (in German). Nergal-sharezer (= Nergal-sharuṣur the Sin-
magir = Nergal-šarru-uṣur the simmagir), officer of Nebuchadnezzar II,
early sixth century, Jeremiah 39:3, in a Babylonian cuneiform inscription
known as Nebuchadnezzar II’s Prism (column 3 of prism EŞ 7834, in the
Istanbul Archaeological Museum). See ANET, pp. 307‒308; Rocio Da
Riva, “Nebuchadnezzar II’s Prism (EŞ 7834):A New Edition,” Zeitschrift
für Assyriologie und Vorderasiatische Archäologie, vol. 103, no. 2
(2013): 204, Group 3. Nebuzaradan (= Nabuzeriddinam = Nabû-zēr-
iddin), chief officer of Nebuchadnezzar II, early sixth century, 2 Kings
25:8, etc. & Jeremiah 39:9, etc., in a Babylonian cuneiform inscription
known as Nebuchadnezzar II’s Prism (column 3, line 36 of prism EŞ
7834, in the Istanbul Archaeological Museum). See ANET, p. 307; Rocio
Da Riva, “Nebuchadnezzar II’s Prism (EŞ 7834): A New Edition,”
Zeitschrift für Assyriologie und Vorderasiatische Archäologie, vol. 103,
no. 2 (2013): 202, Group 1.

501 Synchronism of Jehoiachin's 37th year of captivity to Evil-merodach's 1st year as king of Evil-merodach (= Awel Marduk, = Amel Marduk), king, r. 561–560, 2
Babylon. According to the Biblical account this would make Nebuchadnezzar's reign 43 years, Kings 25:27, etc., in various inscriptions (ANET, p. 309; OROT, pp. 15,
which is exactly what Ptolemy's Canon claims. 504 n. 23). See especially Ronald H. Sack, Amel-Marduk: 562-560 B.C.;
A Study Based on Cuneiform, Old Testament, Greek, Latin and
Rabbinical
Sources (Alter Orient und Altes Testament, no. 4; Kevelaer, Butzon &
Bercker, and Neukirchen-Vluyn, Neukirchener, 1972).
3461/509/8/yr Vat 4956 establishes Funerary statue of Ezek 29:10 Behold, therefore I am against thee, and against thy rivers, and I will make the land of Josephus reports this Invasion in Antiquities of the
37 [[-468]] Nes-hor Egypt utterly waste and desolate...11 No foot of man shall pass through it, nor foot of beast shall pass Jews 10.9.5-7 According to Ezekiel the Babylonian
the 37th year of siege of Tyre preceded the invasion of Egypt by
(contemporary of through it [the NILE], neither shall it be inhabited forty years. 12 And I will make the land of Egypt
Nebuchadnezzar as Hophra/Apries) in desolate in the midst of the countries [that are] desolate, and her cities among the cities that are laid only a few years. And in the view of most scholars
Nebuchadnezzar’s south Egypt report waste shall be desolate forty years: and I will scatter the Egyptians among the nations, and will disperse
it immediately followed the 2nd captivity of Judah.
It is therefore dated in a very specific time frame.
campaign against devastating them through the countries.13 Yet thus saith the Lord GOD; At the end of forty years will I gather the G. A. Cooke, in the prestigious International
invasion down to Egyptians from the people whither they were scattered. Critical Commentary on Ezekiel, sums up the
Egypt.
Elephantine When the Nile floods excessively, movement on land all but stops. "No foot of man or beast passes consensus opinion. "After he (Nebuchadrezzar) had
over it." We should therefore interpret the initial clauses of Ezekiel 29:11 as a reference to a Nile flood, sacked Jerusalem, he resolved to punish Tyre, and
probably one of unprecedented proportions, and translate the verse accordingly as an inferential laid siege to it for thirteen years… according to the
Phoenician sources quoted by Josephus (Antiquities
statement.
x. II, I; c. Apion I, 21.)"i

Year
3421/544/Yr - 2Ki 24:1 In his days
3 Nebuchadnezzar king
of Babylon came up,
and Jehoiakim became
his servant three years:
…
3423/546/Yr - Dan 1:1 In the third year of the then he turned and
1 reign of Jehoiakim king of Judah rebelled against him.
came Nebuchadnezzar king of
Babylon unto Jerusalem, and
besieged it.
3424/545/Yr Dan1:2 And the Lord gave 2Ch_36:6: “Against Jer 36:1 And it came to pass in the fourth year of Jehoiakim the son of Josiah king of Judah, that Jer 25:1 The word that came to
1 Jehoiakim king of Judah into his him came up this word came unto Jeremiah from the LORD, saying, 2 Take thee a roll of a book, and write therein Jeremiah concerning all the
hand, with part of the vessels of Nebuchadnezzar king all the words that I have spoken unto thee against Israel, and against Judah, and against all the nations, people of Judah in the fourth
the house of God: which he of Babylon, and bound from the day I spake unto thee, from the days of Josiah, even unto this day. year of Jehoiakim the son of
carried into the land of Shinar to him in fetters to carry Josiah king of Judah, that was
the house of his god; and he him to Babylon. the first year of
brought the vessels into the Nebuchadnezzar also Nebuchadrezzar king of
treasure house of his god. 3 And carried off the vessels Babylon;…46:2 Against Egypt,
the king spake unto Ashpenaz the of the house of the against the army of Pharaoh
master of his eunuchs, that he Lord to Babylon, and Necho king of Egypt, which was
should bring certain of the children put them in his temple by the river Euphrates in
of Israel, and of the king's seed, at Babylon.” Carchemish, which
 and of the princes; Nebuchadrezzar king of Babylon
smote in the fourth year of
Jehoiakim the son of Josiah king
of Judah.
3430/539/Yr Jer 52:28 This is the people whom Nebuchadrezzar carried away captive: in the seventh year three
7 thousand Jews and three and twenty: [3023]
3431/538/Yr 2Ki 24:12 And Eze 1:1 Now it came to pass in the thirtieth year, in the fourth month, in the fifth day of the month, as
8 Jehoiachin the king of I was among the captives by the river of Chebar, that the heavens were opened, and I saw visions of
Judah went out to the God. 2 In the fifth day of the month, which was the fifth year of king Jehoiachin's captivity,
king of Babylon, he,
and his mother, and his
servants, and his
princes, and his
officers: and the king of
Babylon took him in
the eighth year of his
reign.
529? Beginning of Siege of Tyre
3440/528/Yr Jer 52:29 In the eighteenth year of Nebuchadrezzar he carried away captive from Jerusalem eight Jer 32:1 The word that came to
18 hundred thirty and two persons: [832] Jeremiah from the LORD in the
tenth year of Zedekiah king of
Judah, which was the eighteenth
year of Nebuchadrezzar. 2 For
then the king of Babylon's army
besieged Jerusalem
3441/527/Yr 2Ki 25:8 And in the fifth month, on the seventh day of the month, which is the nineteenth year of
19 king Nebuchadnezzar king of Babylon, came Nebuzaradan, captain of the guard, a servant of the king
of Babylon, unto Jerusalem: 9 And he burnt the house of the LORD, and the king's house, and all the
houses of Jerusalem, and every great man's house burnt he with fire.
3445/522/Yr Jer 52:30 In the three and twentieth year of Nebuchadrezzar, Nebuzaradan the captain of the guard
23 carried away captive of the Jews seven hundred forty and five persons:[745] all the persons were four
thousand and six hundred.
516-509 “The Insanity of Nebuchadnezzur” "At the same time that my sanity was restored, my honour and splendour were returned to me for the
glory of my kingdom. My advisers and nobles sought me out, and I was restored to my throne and
became even greater than before." (Dan. 4:36) He not only regained his kingdom, he enlarged it. He
immediately began plans to invade Egypt!
Business documents dated in the
thirty-fifth, fortieth, forty-first,
and forty-second years of
Nebuchadnezzar, speaking of the
sale to Tyrians, of commodities
like sesame, cattle, dates, etc., have
been excavated
3461/509/8/yr Vat 4956 establishes the Funerary statue of Nes- Ezek 29:10 Behold, therefore I am against thee, and against thy rivers, and I will make the land of Josephus reports this Invasion in
37 [[-468]] hor (contemporary of Egypt utterly waste and desolate...11 No foot of man shall pass through it, nor foot of beast shall pass Antiquities of the Jews 10.9.5-7
37th year of According to Ezekiel the Babylonian
Hophra/Apries) in south through it [the NILE], neither shall it be inhabited forty years. 12 And I will make the land of Egypt
Nebuchadnezzar as Egypt report desolate in the midst of the countries [that are] desolate, and her cities among the cities that are laid siege of Tyre preceded the invasion of
Nebuchadnezzar’s devastating invasion waste shall be desolate forty years: and I will scatter the Egyptians among the nations, and will
Egypt by only a few years. And in the
view of most scholars it immediately
campaign against Egypt. down to Elephantine disperse them through the countries.13 Yet thus saith the Lord GOD; At the end of forty years will I followed the 2nd captivity of Judah. It is
gather the Egyptians from the people whither they were scattered. therefore dated in a very specific time
frame. G. A. Cooke, in the prestigious
When the Nile floods excessively, movement on land all but stops. "No foot of man or beast passes International Critical Commentary on
over it." We should therefore interpret the initial clauses of Ezekiel 29:11 as a reference to Ezekiel, sums up the consensus opinion.
"After he (Nebuchadrezzar) had sacked
a Nile flood, probably one of unprecedented proportions, and translate the verse accordingly as an
Jerusalem, he resolved to punish Tyre,
inferential statement. and laid siege to it for thirteen years…
according to the Phoenician sources
quoted by Josephus (Antiquities x. II, I;
c. Apion I, 21.)"ii
 Minumum [solo] years
(Maximum [overlap] years)
“Chronicle of Jedidiah”
456 9 - Fall of Babylon; Cyrus year 1 Ezr 1:1 Now in the first year of Cyrus king of Persia, that the
word of the LORD by the mouth of Jeremiah might be fulfilled,
Ezr 4:5 And hired counsellors
against them, to frustrate their
Zerubbabel 456-398 3517
c +9 the LORD stirred up the spirit of Cyrus king of Persia purpose, all the days of Cyrus
HP Jeshua
Daniel 1:21 Thus Daniel
[B.C.] Ezra 1:1, 2 Chronicles 36:22 Now in the first year of king of Persia, even until the
reign of Darius king of Persia. continued until the first year of
Cyrus king of Persia, that the word of the Lord by the King Cyrus. Daniel 6:28 So this
mouth of Jeremiah might be fulfilled, the Lord stirred 6 And in the reign of
Ahasuerus, in the beginning of Daniel prospered in the reign of
up the spirit of Cyrus king of Persia, so that he made
a proclamation throughout all his kingdom, and also his reign, wrote they unto him Darius and in the reign
put it in writing, saying… an accusation against the of Cyrus the Persian.
Ezra 5:13 However, in the first year of Cyrus king of inhabitants of Judah and
Babylon, King Cyrus issued a decree to build this Jerusalem. 7 And in the days of
house of God. [Ezra 6:3] Artaxerxes wrote Bishlam,
Isaiah 44:28 Who says of Cyrus, ‘He is My shepherd, Mithredath, Tabeel, and the rest
And he shall perform all My pleasure, Saying to of their companions, unto
Jerusalem, “You shall be built,” And to the temple, Artaxerxes king of Persia;
“Your foundation shall be laid.”
455 Ezr 3:8 Now in the second year of their coming - Isaiah 45:1 “Thus says the Lord to His Anointed, To Cyrus, Cambyses starts 8 yr co- 3518
unto the house of God at Jerusalem, in the second regency Cyrus> Darius>
whose right hand I have held— To subdue nations before him
month, began Zerubbabel the son of Shealtiel, and
And loose the armor of kings, To open before him the double Xerxes> Artaxerxes [No
Jeshua the son of Jozadak… to set forward the work Cambyses]
doors, So that the gates will not be shut:
of the house of the LORD
454 Dan 10:1 In the third year of Cyrus king of Ezr 4:5 And hired counsellors
Persia a thing was revealed unto Daniel, against them, to frustrate their
whose name was called Belteshazzar; and the purpose, all the days of Cyrus
king of Persia, …
thing was true, but the time appointed was
long: and he understood the thing, and had
understanding of the vision
447- … even until the reign of Rhesa –Meshullam 3526
Darius king of Persia…
411 ?443-377 [Luke 3/1Chr 3:19
Nehemiah 10:7]
~36 c

411- Xerxes Ezra 4:6 And in the reign of … 3547

395 Ahasuerus, in the beginning of his reign, wrote
they unto him an accusation against the inhabitants
16 S of Judah and Jerusalem…
(26)

409 Est 1:3 In the third year of his reign, he

made a feast unto all his princes and his
servants; the power of Persia and Media, the
nobles and princes of the provinces, being
before him:
405 Est 2:16 So Esther was taken unto king
Ahasuerus into his house royal in the tenth
month, which is the month Tebeth, in the
seventh year of his reign.
Joanna/Hananiah 399-
352 [exilarch until 346]
[Luke 3/1Chr 3:21/Nehemiah 7:2]
398 Est 3:7 In the first month, that is, the month
Nisan, in the twelfth year of king Ahasuerus,
they cast Pur, that is, the lot, before Haman
from day to day, and from month to month, to
the twelfth month, that is, the month Adar.

395- Artaxerxes i 4:7 And in the days of

363 Artaxerxes wrote Bishlam,
32S(41)

389 Ezr 7:7 And there went up some of the Malachi’s ministry The mention of the Peha (i, 8), as
children of Israel, and of the priests, and the The prophet speaks of the the political head of the people
Levites, and the singers, and the porters, and people's governor" (Hebrew takes us back to the Persian period;
pechah, Malachi 1:8), as do the title of Peha was borne by the
the Nethinims, unto Jerusalem, in the seventh
Haggai and Nehemiah (Haggai Persian governor especially at
year of Artaxerxes the king. 7:8 And he 1:1; Nehemiah 5:14; 12:26). The Jerusalem (Haggai 1:1 ; Ezra 5:14 ;
came to Jerusalem in the fifth month, which social conditions portrayed are Nehemiah 5:14-15 ). The date of
was in the seventh year of the king those also of the period of the composition falls within the short
Restoration. time before the mission of
Nehemiah.
376 Neh 2:1 And it came to pass in the month Neh 5:14 Moreover from the time that I was appointed
Nisan, in the twentieth year of Artaxerxes to be their governor in the land of Judah, from the
the king, that wine was before him: and I twentieth year even unto the two and thirtieth year of
took up the wine, and gave it unto the king. Artaxerxes the king, that is, twelve years, I and my
Now I had not been beforetime sad in his brethren have not eaten the bread of the governor
presence.
363 Neh 5:14 Moreover from the time that I was
appointed to be their governor in the land of
Judah, from the twentieth year even unto the Neh 13:6 But in all this time was not I at Jerusalem: for
two and thirtieth year of Artaxerxes the in the two and thirtieth year of Artaxerxes king of
king, that is, twelve years, I and my brethren Babylon came I unto the king, and after certain days
have not eaten the bread of the governor obtained I leave of the king
~363- Darius II Nothus ~18
357
362 Ezr 6:13 Then Tatnai, governor on this side Ezr 4:24 Then ceased the work of the house of God which is at governor of Judah, and to
the river, Shetharboznai, and their Jerusalem. So it ceased unto the second year of the reign of Joshua the son of Josedech,
companions, according to that which Darius Darius king of Persia. the high priest, saying,
the king had sent, so they did speedily. 6:14 Hag 1:1 In the second year of Darius the king, in the
And the elders of the Jews builded, and they sixth month, in the first day of the month, came the word
 prospered through the prophesying of Haggai of the LORD by Haggai the prophet unto Zerubbabel
the prophet and Zechariah the son of Iddo. the son of Shealtiel,
And they builded, and finished it, according to
the commandment of the God of Israel, and
according to the commandment of Cyrus, and
Darius, and Artaxerxes king of Persia.
[Xerxes made no decree]
359 Hanani [Neh 7:2] writes Elephantine Jews in the name of
the King, Darius’ 5th yr
358 Beginning of co-regency with Artaxerxes ii Ezr 6:15 And this house was finished on the third day of the Neh 8:9 Then Nehemiah the
Ochos month Adar, which was in the sixth year of the reign of Darius governor, Ezra the priestly
the king scribe, and the Levites who were
imparting understanding to the
people said to all of them, “This
day is holy to the LORD your
God. Do not mourn or weep.”
For all the people had been
weeping when they heard the
words of the law.
352 Joanna/Hananiah Exiled to Hyrcania in Died as Exilarch in Hyrcania? Jews exiled to Persian Hyrcania
under Ochus7
352 with Juda/Abihud/Obadiah?
350 -The Elephantine papyri mention the high priest
Johanan as a contemporary of Darius II at the 14th
year of his reign
347 -The Elephantine papyri mention the high priest
Johanan as a contemporary of Darius II at the 17th
year of his reign
346 Judah “the Hyrcanian” returns from exile [1Chr 3:21/Matt 1/Luke 3] Juda/Abihud/Obadiah
Overlapping/duplicated 30,000 Gauls burn Rome 3568
reigns
336 Darius iii +4 4 P (7) Neh 12:22 The Levites in the days of Eliashib, Joiada, 3623
and Johanan, and Jaddua, were recorded chief of the
fathers: also the priests, to the reign of Darius the
Persian.
333 Luke 3:26 Joseph I
332 Alexander visits Jerusalem Jaddua met Alexander in 332 BC, is attested by
Josephus Ant., XI, viii, 5/ Neh 12:22
330 Alexander conquers 3627
328 Luke 3:26/[1Chr 3:21-branches Abner-Semei
off]
316 Luke 3:26/Mat 1:13 Eliakim-Mattathias
306 Antigonus I 306-301 Antigonus of Sokho born

305

7
See Solinus [early 3rd century] Polyhistor 35.4 [see Holscher Palsstina in der Pers. u. Hel. Zeit 47, 48.]; Eusebius [before AD 300] Chronicon. ed. Schone II. 112 =Sync. 486.10;Jerome Chronicon “Ochus Apodasmo
Judaiorum capta in Hyrcaniam accolas translates juxta mare Caspium conlocavit”; Orosius iii. 7; Justinus xxxvi. 3; Confirming evidence is also found in the condition of the Jericho valley at this time, as Holscher^ has shown
from Diodorus' who had for his source in this case Hieronymus of Kardia, who wrote in the days of Antigonus, 323-301, a successor of Alexander the Great. No more reliable source could be asked for. According to this
source the whole Jericho valley in the last decade of the fourth century was no longer Jewish but Arabian, whom Hieronymus calls Nabataeans. Holscher ~ has pointed out that their territory included Idumaea, which
extended from Engedi northward. These Idumaeans then pressed into the Jericho valley after its desolation. As in earlier deportations, so now not all Jews were removed, but enough so that the general character of the land
became Arabian. Meanwhile, there was still a large colony of Jews in Hyrcania numbering in the Roman time not only thousands but millions . Jos. Ant. xi. 5. 2.
456 [B.C.] Fall of Babylon; Cyrus year 1 +9 Cyrus’s Decree Ezr 4:5 And hired counsellors against them, to 3517
frustrate their purpose, all the days of Cyrus
king of Persia, even until the reign of Darius
king of Persia. 6 And in the reign of
Ahasuerus, in the beginning of his reign,
wrote they unto him an accusation against the
inhabitants of Judah and Jerusalem. 7 And in
the days of Artaxerxes wrote Bishlam,
Mithredath, Tabeel, and the rest of their
companions, unto Artaxerxes king of Persia;
455 Cambyses starts 8 yr co-regency .....2nd month…building Cyrus>Darius>Xerxes> 3518
on Second Temple Artaxerxes [No Cambyses]
begun [?]
447 Darius 1 +36 3526
Elephantine papyri mention Johanan as a high priest in the 14th and 17th years of
Darius’s reign. If Johanan had been a son of Joiada, this would be impossible.
According to Ezra .10:6, Johanan already had a room in the Tempts precincts in the
7th! year of Darius, so he must have been at least a late teenager at this time. There is
plenty of time for all of this in the short chronology. Here Is a possible chronology:
441 Darius yr. 6 Temple completed Ezr
Jeshua age 80, dies; Joiim 60; Eliaahib 40; Joiada 20; Johanan 18
Darius yr. 7 6:15
Johanan 19, has room in Temple (Ezra. 10:6)
433 Darius yr. 14
Johanan, age 26, has title of high priest, according to Elephantine letters.
Johanan could have been apprenticing at this age (Num. 8:24, assuming
that this rule for the Levites applied to the priests as well).
Darius yr. 17
430 Johanan, age 29, has title of high priest, according to Elephantine letters.
Darius yr. 20
Nehemiah arrives; Joiakim 74; Eliashib 54; Joiada 34; Johanan 32;
427 Joiada’s unnamed son (Jonathan?) 14.
Darius yr. 33
Nehemiah’s second visit; Eliashib 67; Joiada 47; Johanan 45; (Jonathan?),
414 married, 27; Jaddua 2.
According to Josephus (Antiquities 11:7-8), Jaddua was still high priest when
Alexander the Great arrived at Jerusalem, when if we take Daniel’s 70 weeks of years
Literally, was about 85 years after this. Jaddua would be close to 90 years old.
According to Josephus, he died shortly after this event.
411 Xerxes +21 3547
390 Artaxerxes 1-4, Darius 2 +55 Overlapping/duplicated 30,000 Gauls burn Rome 3568
reigns
335 Darius 3 +4 3623
331 Alexander conquers 3627

Cyrus Zerubbabel [b. ~470] 455-397 Zerubbabel 58 Returned to Babylon Zerubabel [1Chr 3:19] Nehemiah 12:10-11 HP
441 [Johanna/Hananiah born Temple completed in 4th yr of Darius Jeshua
~475] Ezr 6:15 443? Exilarch until EZRA
397?
Darius- [Jesaiah born ~455] ?443-377 Rhesa –Meshullam 66 22 yr co-regency Meshullam [1Chr 3:19] Nehemiah 10:7 ~HP Joiakim
Xerxes [son of Z.] with Joanna?
Artaxeres [Rephaiah born ~435] 399-346 Joanna [son of M.] 53 Hananiah [1Chr 3:21. Nehemiah 7:2 ~HP Eliashib
[Arnan born 415] Cp Seder Olam Zutta]8
Jesaiah, Rephaiah,
Arnan, [1Chr 3:21]
Artaxerxes [Juda/Abiud/ Obadiah BOAGAS as Exiled to Hyrcania in Died as Artaxerxes III Ochus 359-338 352 ------ Exiled ~HP Joiada
III Ochus born ~395] “King 352 with Judah? Exilarch in --------- Jews to Persian Hyrcania9
[co-] Maker” Hyrcania?
Abi[h]ud [Shekaniah 346 Juda[Jehuda]-Hyrcanus 14 Judah “the Obadiah ? [1Chr 3:21] ~HP Jonathan
born ~380] Hyrcanian” returns
from exile
Darius iii [Shemaiah born ~365 339 Joseph I 7 Shekaniah ? [1Chr 3:21]
Alexander [Mattathias born ~350] 333 HP Jaddua receives Alexander10
[Abner] – [Maath born 328 [Abner] Semei 11 Shemaiah [1Chr 3:21-
~335] branches off]
Eliakim [Naage born 316 [Elyh] Mattathias 12
~320]
Azor [Esli born ~305] 304 [Aser] Maath 11
I 303 Jaddua dies? Onias I11
I [Naum born ~290] 293 Nagge/gid Artaxat 10 Ptolemy I Soter 305 –
283/2 BC [P1S]
I [Amos born ~275] 283 [Haggai] Helly/Esli/ 8 Neariah [1Chr 3:22] Josephus identified him Simon I, son of Onias, c. 280-
as Simeon the Just 260 BC rebuilt walls torn down
Antiquities. Book 12, by P1S
Chapter 2
I [Matt. Born ~260] 275 [Mashlot] Naum- 7
~Sadoc [Zadok]12 268 Amos-Sirag 14 Tobiah? Eleazar, son of Onias, c. 260-
[Joseph b. ~245] 245 BC
~Achim 254 Mattathias-Siloah 10
~Eliud 244 Joseph II Arses13 [appt. 60 Becomes Tax- Elioenai [1Chr 3:23] Manasseh, son of Jaddua, c. 245-
I [Janna b. ~ 230] “Heir” @ 1yr – uncles collector in 206 240 BC Onias II, son of
~Eleazar ran business until then] //Ptolemy III. (Euergetes) Simon, c. 240-218 BC
I [Melchi b. ~200] 246–222 Simon II, son of Onias, 218-185

I [Levi b. ~175 184 Janna-Hyrcanus 16 Anani [1Chr 3:24] // Seleucus IV Onias III, son of Simon, 185-175
I [Matthat b. ~150] Philopator/iii murdered Jason, son of Simon, 175-172
170 BC-II Macc. iii.-iv

8
K&D: at a very early time, for the LXX had before them our present text, and sought to make sense of it by expressing the four times recurring ‫ּבני‬, 1 Chronicles 3:21, by the singular ‫ ּבנו‬in every case, as follows: καὶ Ἰεσίας
υἱὸς αὐτοῦ, Ῥαφὰλ υἱὸς αὐτοῦ, Ὀρνὰ υἱὸς αὐτοῦ, etc.; according to which, between Hananiah and Shecaniah seven consecutive generations would be enumerated, and Zerubbabel's family traced down through eleven
generations. So also Vulg. and Syr; GILL: in the Targum of 1 Chronicles 3:24, where mention is made of the name of a person, Anani, it is added, "who is the Messiah that is to be revealed;'' according to the Targum the
order is this,"Zorobabel, Hananiah, Jesaiah, Rephaiah, Arnon, Obadiah, Shecaniah, Shemaiah, Neariah, Elioenai, Anani; this is the king Messiah, who is to be revealed.''
9
See Solinus [early 3rd century] Polyhistor 35.4 [see Holscher Palsstina in der Pers. u. Hel. Zeit 47, 48.]; Eusebius [before AD 300] Chronicon. ed. Schone II. 112 =Sync. 486.10;Jerome Chronicon “Ochus Apodasmo
Judaiorum capta in Hyrcaniam accolas translates juxta mare Caspium conlocavit”; Orosius iii. 7; Justinus xxxvi. 3; Confirming evidence is also found in the condition of the Jericho valley at this time, as Holscher^ has shown
from Diodorus' who had for his source in this case Hieronymus of Kardia, who wrote in the days of Antigonus, 323-301, a successor of Alexander the Great. No more reliable source could be asked for. According to this
source the whole Jericho valley in the last decade of the fourth century was no longer Jewish but Arabian, whom Hieronymus calls Nabataeans. Holscher ~ has pointed out that their territory included Idumaea, which
extended from Engedi northward. These Idumaeans then pressed into the Jericho valley after its desolation. As in earlier deportations, so now not all Jews were removed, but enough so that the general character of the land
became Arabian. Meanwhile, there was still a large colony of Jews in Hyrcania numbering in the Roman time not only thousands but millions . Jos. Ant. xi. 5. 2.
10
Josephus ('Ant. Jud.,' 11:8, § 5) and Eusebius ('Chron. Can.,' 2. p. 346)
11
I Macc. xii. 7, 8, 20 regards Onias as a contemporary of the Spartan king Areus (309-265 B.C.).
12
Zadok, a disciple of Antigonus of Sokho (Avoth deRabbi Nathan 5:2) who flourished about the first half of the third century BC, famous for his teaching "Be not like the servants who serve their masters for the sake of the
wages, but be rather like those who serve without thought of receiving wages,” ( Abot i. 3) who was disciple of Simon the Just (Abot i. 2). Antigonus was probably named after the diadocho Antigonus I Monophthalmus’
victory in 306 that established his kingdom, including Judea.
13
So named by his father in honor of Arsaces I [247 BC-211BC] in honor of the Parthia throwing off Seleucid rule, and hope that they would do the same for Judea?
 Matthan→Estha 168 BC Melchi,G3197 Hasmonean Judah Maccabee 167–160 BC 161 to Panther I HP Menelaus, 172-162 BC
I ------Ann? Estha→ Ascendancy Jonathan Maccabee 143
I [Heli b. ~120] ~138-88 Levi, G3017
Simon Maccabee 142 – 135 134 – 104 I
I John Hyrcanus I
I ~108-58 Matthat,G3158 Alexander 103 – 76 BC Bar-Panther
Jannaeus
~118-38 Jacob g ~78-38 Heli,G2242 Salome Alexandra 76 – 67 BC 76-40 BC Joachim of
g John Hycanus II Nazareth→Ann
88 BC born- Joseph → g→ [4 sons, 2 Mary ~20 BC
AD 22 daughters]
5 BC born JESUS
 CHRONOLOGICAL HARMONY OF THE LIFE OF CHRIST

Joh 1:1 In the beginning was the Word, and the Word was with God, and the Word was God. 2 The same was in the beginning with God. 3 All
things were made by him; and without him was not anything made that was made. 4 In him was life; and the life was the light of men. 5 And the
light shineth in darkness; and the darkness comprehended it not.

From Abraham's year 99 to the first year of the

430 years
Exodus
From the year of the Exodus to year 4 of
480 years
Solomon's reign

Add the remainder of Solomon's 40 years' reign 36 years.

Summation of the years for the 19 kings of Judah

393 years
and their reigns from Jerusalem

Then add a "one" year period for harvest after the

1 year
temple's destruction
Then add the prophetic period which comprised
the Babylonian Captivity of the Jews when the
70 years
Land of Judah observed its Sabbatical years of
rest
Finally, add the 69 Weeks of Sabbatical Periods
483
that reach to a Messiah (which should properly
years
begin with the year called Cyrus "one")
Total number of completed years from Adam to
precisely 4000 years
the Messiah of Daniel

8 BC Augustus decrees empire-wide census [Syria, under Saturninus]

 Luk 2:1 And it came to pass in those days, that there went out a decree
from Caesar Augustus, that all the world should be taxed
Luke 2

Tishri 10, 6BC [September 22, Wednesday]

Zacharias’ Vision & Conception of John
Luk 1:5 There was in the days of Herod, the king of Judaea, a certain priest named Zacharias, of the course of Abia: and his wife [was] of the
daughters of Aaron, and her name [was] Elisabeth. 6 And they were both righteous before God, walking in all the commandments and
ordinances of the Lord blameless. 7 And they had no child, because that Elisabeth was barren, and they both were [now] well stricken in years. 8
And it came to pass, that while he executed the priest's office before God in the order of his course, 9 According to the custom of the priest's
office, his lot was to burn incense when he went into the temple of the Lord. 10 And the whole multitude of the people were praying without at
the time of incense. 11 And there appeared unto him an angel of the Lord standing on the right side of the altar of incense. 12 And when
Zacharias saw [him], he was troubled, and fear fell upon him. 13 But the angel said unto him,
Fear not, Zacharias: for thy prayer is heard; and thy wife Elisabeth shall bear thee a son, and thou shalt call his name John. 14 And thou
shalt have joy and gladness; and many shall rejoice at his birth. 15 For he shall be great in the sight of the Lord, and shall drink neither
wine nor strong drink; and he shall be filled with the Holy Ghost, even from his mother's womb. 16 And many of the children of Israel
shall he turn to the Lord their God. 17 And he shall go before him in the spirit and power of Elias, to turn the hearts of the fathers to the
children, and the disobedient to the wisdom of the just; to make ready a people prepared for the Lord.
18 And Zacharias said unto the angel, Whereby shall I know this? for I am an old man, and my wife well stricken in years. 19 And the angel
answering said unto him, I am Gabriel, that stand in the presence of God; and am sent to speak unto thee, and to shew thee these glad tidings. :20
And, behold, thou shalt be dumb, and not able to speak, until the day that these things shall be performed, because thou believest not my words,
which shall be fulfilled in their season.
Luk 1:21 And the people waited for Zacharias, and marvelled that he tarried so long in the temple. 22 And when he came out, he could not speak
unto them: and they perceived that he had seen a vision in the temple: for he beckoned unto them, and remained speechless. 23 And it came to
pass, that, as soon as the days of his ministration were accomplished, he departed to his own house.
February, 5 BC [Shebet 2, Saturday]
Luk 1:24 And after those days his wife Elisabeth conceived, and hid herself five months, saying, 25 Thus hath the Lord dealt with me in the days
wherein he looked on [me], to take away my reproach among men.

March 25, 5BC [Adar ii 16, Saturday]

Annunciation & Conception of Christ Jesus
Mat 1:18 Now the birth of Jesus
Christ was on this wise:

Luk 1:26 And in the sixth month the angel Gabriel was sent from God unto a city of Galilee, named Nazareth, When as his mother Mary was
:27 To a virgin espoused to a man whose name was Joseph, of the house of David; and the virgin's espoused to Joseph,
name [was] Mary.
28 And the angel came in unto her, and said, Hail, [thou that art] highly favoured, the Lord [is] with thee:
blessed [art] thou among women.
29 And when she saw [him], she was troubled at his saying, and cast in her mind what manner of salutation
this should be. 30 And the angel said unto her,
Fear not, Mary: for thou hast found favour with God. 31 And, behold, thou shalt conceive in thy womb,
and bring forth a son, and shalt call his name JESUS. 32 He shall be great, and shall be called the
Son of the Highest: and the Lord God shall give unto him the throne of his father David: 33 And he
shall reign over the house of Jacob forever; and of his kingdom there shall be no end.
34 Then said Mary unto the angel, How shall this be, seeing I know not a man?
35 And the angel answered and said unto her,
The Holy Ghost shall come upon thee, and the power of the Highest shall overshadow thee: therefore
also that holy thing which shall be born of thee shall be called the Son of God. 36 And, behold, thy
cousin Elisabeth, she hath also conceived a son in her old age: and this is the sixth month with her,
who was called barren. 37 For with God nothing shall be impossible.
38 And Mary said, Behold the handmaid of the Lord; be it unto me according to thy word. And the angel before they came together, she was
departed from her. found with child of the Holy Ghost.

Mary visits Elisabeth

Luk 1:39 And Mary arose in those days, and went into the hill country with haste, into a city of Juda; 40 And entered into the house of Zacharias,
and saluted Elisabeth. 41 And it came to pass, that, when Elisabeth heard the salutation of Mary, the babe leaped in her womb; and Elisabeth
was filled with the Holy Ghost: 42 And she spake out with a loud voice, and said,
Blessed [art] thou among women, and blessed [is] the fruit of thy womb. 43 And whence [is] this to me, that the mother of my Lord should
come to me? 44 For, lo, as soon as the voice of thy salutation sounded in mine ears, the babe leaped in my womb for joy. :45 And blessed
[is] she that believed: for there shall be a performance of those things which were told her from the Lord.
Luk 1:46 And Mary said, My soul doth magnify the Lord, 47 And my spirit hath rejoiced in God my Saviour. 48 For he hath regarded the low estate
of his handmaiden: for, behold, from henceforth all generations shall call me blessed. 49 For he that is mighty hath done to me great things; and
holy [is] his name. 50 And his mercy [is] on them that fear him from generation to generation. 51 He hath shewed strength with his arm; he
hath scattered the proud in the imagination of their hearts. 52 He hath put down the mighty from [their] seats, and exalted them of low degree.
 53 He hath filled the hungry with good things; and the rich he hath sent empty away. 54 He hath holpen his servant Israel, in remembrance of
[his] mercy; 55 As he spake to our fathers, to Abraham, and to his seed for ever.

Luk 1:56 And Mary abode with her about three months, and returned to her own house.

Kingdom of
Herod the
Great

June 24, 5 BC [Sivan 19, Saturday]

Nativity of John
Luk 1:57 Now Elisabeth's full time came that she should be delivered; and she brought forth a son. :58 And her neighbours and her cousins heard
how the Lord had shewed great mercy upon her; and they rejoiced with her. 1:59 And it came to pass, that on the eighth day they came to
circumcise the child; and they called him Zacharias, after the name of his father. 60 And his mother answered and said, Not [so]; but he shall be
called John. 61 And they said unto her, There is none of thy kindred that is called by this name. 62 And they made signs to his father, how he
 would have him called. 63 And he asked for a writing table, and wrote, saying, His name is John. And they marvelled all. 64 And his mouth was
opened immediately, and his tongue [loosed], and he spake, and praised God. 65 And fear came on all that dwelt round about them: and all
these sayings were noised abroad throughout all the hill country of Judaea. 66 And all they that heard [them] laid [them] up in their hearts,
saying, What manner of child shall this be! And the hand of the Lord was with him.

Luk 1:67 And his father Zacharias was filled with the Holy Ghost, and prophesied, saying,
Luk 1:68 Blessed [be] the Lord God of Israel; for he hath visited and redeemed his people, 69 And hath raised up an horn of salvation for us
in the house of his servant David; 70 As he spake by the mouth of his holy prophets, which have been since the world began: 71 That we
should be saved from our enemies, and from the hand of all that hate us; 72 To perform the mercy [promised] to our fathers, and to
remember his holy covenant; 73 The oath which he sware to our father Abraham, 74 That he would grant unto us, that we being
delivered out of the hand of our enemies might serve him without fear, 75 In holiness and righteousness before him, all the days of our
life. 76 And thou, child, shalt be called the prophet of the Highest: for thou shalt go before the face of the Lord to prepare his ways; 77 To
give knowledge of salvation unto his people by the remission of their sins, 78 Through the tender mercy of our God; whereby the
dayspring from on high hath visited us, 79 To give light to them that sit in darkness and [in] the shadow of death, to guide our feet into
the way of peace.

Mat 1:18 … Mary was espoused to Joseph; before they came together, she was found with child of the Holy Ghost. 19 Then Joseph her husband,
being a just [man], and not willing to make her a public example, was minded to put her away privily. 20 But while he thought on these things,
behold, the angel of the Lord appeared unto him in a dream, saying,
Joseph, thou son of David, fear not to take unto thee Mary thy wife: for that which is conceived in her is of the Holy Ghost. 21 And she shall
bring forth a son, and thou shalt call his name JESUS: for he shall save his people from their sins.
Mat 1:22 Now all this was done, that it might be fulfilled which was spoken of the Lord by the prophet, saying,
23 Behold, a virgin shall be with child, and shall bring forth a son, and they shall call his name Emmanuel, which being interpreted is, God
with us.
24 Then Joseph being raised from sleep did as the angel of the Lord had bidden him, and took unto him his wife: 25 And knew her not

December 25, 5BC [Kislev 25, Mid-Nite Monday]

Nativity of Christ Jesus
Alexander of Jerusalem [<251 AD] “viij kal. ian. natus est dominus noster lesus Christus, [Sulpitio et Camerino – sic] et baptizatus est
viij id. ian., [Valeriano et Asiatico coss. - sic], passus est x kal. Apr., [Nerone III et Valerio Messala coss. - sic], surrexit viij kal. Apr.” [as
reconstructed by R. H. Connolly Journal of theological studies, Volume 8, p 593]
Theophilus of Caesarea, wrote a paschal epistle after the Synod of AD 195, asserting the churches of Palestine had always celebrated the Nativity
of Christ on December 25th. [See Étienne Baluze Nova Collectio Conciliorum, (Muguet, 1683), p. 13 “sicut Domini natalem, quocunque die VIII Kalend. Ianuariis venerit”;
Magdeburg Historia Ecclesiae 1624, Centuriae II, Cap. VI, p. 89 “dicentes (ut Theophilus indicat): Quid nobis necesse est ad lunae computum cum Judaeis Pascha facere? Quin,
sicut Domini natalem, quocunque die 8 calend. Januariis venerit; ita et 8 calend. April., quando resurrectio accidit, Christi debemus Pascha celebrare?”; Rudolph Hospinianus, De
festis Christianorum (Genevae, 1574/1593), p 110: “Sicut Domini natalem, quocunque die 8. Calend. Januarii venerit, ita et 8. Calend. Aprilis, quando resurrectio accidit, Christi
debemus Pascha celebrare”; Around the same time, Artemon of Rome (2nd cent, fin) affirmed the dates of the Annunciation as March 25 and the Birth as December 25 [Paul of
Taron (ob. 1123), adv. Theopistum, 222 (quoted Conybeare, Key of Truth, clvi)]]
There is evidence that even Cerinthus, a 1st century Judaizing heretic, recognized Dec 25th as the historical date of Jesus’ birth
[Ananias of Shirak (ca. 600-50), Hom. de Nat. (transl. in Expositor, Nov. 1890): cf. Conybeare, Key of Truth,cliv]
Roman Historian Sulpicius Severus, Sac. Hist. ii.39: Sub Herode, anno imperii ejus xxxiii. Christus natus est, Sabino et Rufo Cons., viii.
Kal. Jan. The 1st year of Herod = 1 Nisan 37-36 BC, therefore the 33rd = 1 Nisan 5-4 BC. Sulpicius's date therefore is 25 Dec. BC 5.
Syrian historian John Malalas, (ix. 292): “Augustus, in the 39th year and 10th month of his reign, issued an edict for a general
registration throughout the empire". If Malala, or his Roman authority, reckons from the death of Julius Caesar, this 39th year began 15
Mar BC 6:-— if from the first consulship of Augustus, it began 19 Aug. BC. 5
http://www.cgsf.org/dbeattie/calendar/?roman=5bc -
Kenneth Doig New Testament Chronology, (Lewiston, NY: Edwin Mellen Press, 1990), ch 9 http://doig.net/NTC09.htm: “In 5 BCE the
day of December 25 happened to fall on the Jewish date of Kislev 25.”

Luke 2:2 ([And] this taxing was first made when Cyrenius was governor of Syria.) 3 And all went to be taxed, every one into his own And knew
city. 4 And Joseph also went up from Galilee, out of the city of Nazareth, into Judaea, unto the city of David, which is called her not till
Bethlehem; (because he was of the house and lineage of David:) Luk 2:5 To be taxed with Mary his espoused wife, being great with she had
child. 6 And so it was, that, while they were there, the days were accomplished that she should be delivered. 7 And she brought brought
forth her firstborn son, and wrapped him in swaddling clothes, and laid him in a manger; because there was no room for them in forth her
the inn. firstborn
son: …
8 And there were in the same country shepherds abiding in the field, keeping watch over their flock by night. :9 And, lo, the angel of
the Lord came upon them, and the glory of the Lord shone round about them: and they were sore afraid. Luk 2:10 And the angel said
unto them,
Fear not: for, behold, I bring you good tidings of great joy, which shall be to all people. 11 For unto you is born this day in the
city of David a Saviour, which is Christ the Lord. 12 And this [shall be] a sign unto you; Ye shall find the babe wrapped in
swaddling clothes, lying in a manger.

Luk 2:13 And suddenly there was with the angel a multitude of the heavenly host praising God, and saying,
14 Glory to God in the highest, and on earth peace, good will toward men.
15 And it came to pass, as the angels were gone away from them into heaven, the shepherds said one to another, Let us now go even
unto Bethlehem, and see this thing which is come to pass, which the Lord hath made known unto us. 16 And they came with haste,
and found Mary, and Joseph, and the babe lying in a manger. 17 And when they had seen [it], they made known abroad the saying
which was told them concerning this child. 18 And all they that heard [it] wondered at those things which were told them by the
shepherds. 19 But Mary kept all these things, and pondered [them] in her heart. 20 And the shepherds returned, glorifying and
praising God for all the things that they had heard and seen, as it was told unto them.

January 1, 4BC
Circumcision of Christ Jesus
Luk 2:21 And when eight days were accomplished for the circumcising of the child, his name was called Mat 1:25 . . . and he called his
JESUS, which was so named of the angel before he was conceived in the womb. name JESUS.
2 BC Magi [1/8/2BC]; Massacre of the Innocents14/Flight to Egypt

Mat 2:1 Now when Jesus was born in Bethlehem of Judea in the days of Herod the king, behold, wise men came from the east to Jerusalem,

Matt 2:2 saying, Where is He who is born king of the Jews? For we have seen His star in the east and have come to worship Him. 3 But when Herod
the king heard these things, he was troubled, and all Jerusalem with him. 4 And when he had gathered all the chief priests and scribes of the
people together, he demanded of them where Christ should be born. 5 And they said to him, In Bethlehem of Judea. For so it is written by the
prophet, 6 "And you, Bethlehem, in the land of Judah, are not the least among the governors of Judah. For out of you shall come a Governor
who shall rule My people Israel." 7 Then Herod, when he had secretly called the wise men, inquired of them exactly what time the star appeared.
8 And he sent them to Bethlehem, and said, Go and search diligently for the young child. And when you have found him, bring me word again so
that I may come and worship him also.
9 When they had heard the king, they departed. And lo, the star which they saw in the east went before them until it came and stood over where the
child was. 10 And seeing the star, they rejoiced with exceedingly great joy. 11 And coming into the house, they saw the child with Mary His
mother. And they fell down and worshiped Him. And opening their treasures, they presented gifts to Him, gold and frankincense and myrrh. 12
And being warned of God in a dream that they should not return to Herod, they departed into their own country another way.

Mat 2:13 And when they had departed, behold, the angel of the Lord appeared to Joseph in a dream, saying, Arise and take the young child and His
mother and flee into Egypt. And be there until I bring you word, for Herod is about to seek the child to destroy Him. 14 And he arose and took
the young child and his mother by night and departed into Egypt. 15 And he was there until the death of Herod; so that it might be fulfilled
which was spoken by the LORD through the prophet, "Out of Egypt I have called My Son."

14
Prudentius mentions the Innocents in his hymn on the Epiphany. Leo in his homilies on the Epiphany speaks of the Innocents. Fulgentius of Ruspe (6th century) gives a homily De Epiphania, deque Innocentum nece et
muneribus magorum ("On Epiphany, and on the murder of the Innocents and the gifts of the Magi")
Mat 2:16 Then Herod, when he saw that he was mocked by the wise men, was greatly enraged. And he sent and killed all the boys in Bethlehem, and
in all its districts, from two years old and under, according to the time which he had carefully inquired of the wise men. 17 Then was fulfilled
that which was spoken by Jeremiah the prophet, saying, Mat 2:18 "A voice was heard in Ramah, wailing and weeping and great mourning,
Rachel weeping for her children, and would not be comforted, because they are not."

1 BC Shebat 2 [Jan 2815]: Herod dies16

Mat 2:19 But Herod having expired, behold, an angel of the Lord appeared in a dream to Joseph in Egypt, 20 saying, Arise, and take the child and
His mother. And go into the land of Israel. For the ones who sought the child's life are dead. 21 And he arose and took the child and His mother
and came into the land of Israel. 2 But when he heard that Archelaus reigned in Judea in his father Herod's place, he was afraid to go there. And
being warned by God in a dream, he turned aside into the parts of Galilee. 23 And he came and lived in a city called Nazareth, so that it might be
fulfilled which was spoken by the prophets, "He shall be called a Nazoraean."

15
M. Moise Schwab, who studied Megillath Taanith, felt that it was really the second of the days, Schebat 2 (January 28th) that was the actual day commemorating Herod’s death.[S. Burnaby, The Jewish Calendar, 261.]
16
The Date of Herod's Death: The Errors Corrected Murrell Selden writes: "There has been considerable confusion among scholars as to the date of the death of Herod the Great. However, this writer believes the matter to be
simple. This writer tries to find the date, assuming the traditional date of Shebat 2 for his death. The chief problem has been in finding the correct year. This writer uses the reference information from Antiquities of the Jews
by Josephus ... My anchor for dating the regnal years for Herod the Great is a well known date, the battle for the Roman Empire at Actium. ... Based upon the writings of Josephus (which appear to be mostly accurate), the
anchor date of the war between Antony and Octavius Caesar, and calculations of relevant lunar events, it appears that Herod the Great died on January 26 (Shebat 2) in 1 B.C.E."
Passover AD 9
LUKE 2:41
Every year Jesus’ parents went to Jerusalem for the Festival of the Passover. 42 When he was twelve years old, they
went up to the festival, according to the custom. 43 After the festival was over, while his parents were returning home, the boy
Jesus stayed behind in Jerusalem, but they were unaware of it. 44 Thinking he was in their company, they traveled on for a day.
Then they began looking for him among their relatives and friends. 45 When they did not find him, they went back to Jerusalem
to look for him. 46 After three days they found him in the temple courts, sitting among the teachers, listening to them and asking
them questions. 47 Everyone who heard him was amazed at his understanding and his answers. 48 When his parents saw him,
they were astonished. His mother said to him, “Son, why have you treated us like this? Your father and I have been anxiously
searching for you.” 49 “Why were you searching for me?” he asked. “Didn’t you know I had to be in my Father’s house?” 50 But [f]

they did not understand what he was saying to them.

51
Then he went down to Nazareth with them and was obedient to them. But his mother treasured all these things in her
heart. 52 And Jesus grew in wisdom and stature, and in favor with God and man.

John 30 years old, Sivan 10 [June 13, Thursday AD 26]

John Baptist begins ministry, Fall AD 2617 [Sabbatical Year starts on Y.K. October 9, AD 26]
Mar 1:1 The beginning of the gospel
of Jesus Christ, the Son of God;

Luk 3:1 Now in the fifteenth year of the Joh 1:6 There was a man sent
reign of Tiberius Caesar, Pontius from God, whose name [was]
Pilate being governor of Judaea, and John. 7 The same came for a
Herod being tetrarch of Galilee, and witness, to bear witness of the
his brother Philip tetrarch of Ituraea Light, that all [men] through
and of the region of Trachonitis, and him might believe. 8 He was
Lysanias the tetrarch of Abilene, not that Light, but [was sent]
Luk 3:2 Annas and Caiaphas being the to bear witness of that Light.
high priests, the word of God came …
unto John the son of Zacharias in the Mat 3:1 In those days came
wilderness. John the Baptist, preaching in
Mar 1:2 As it is written in the Luk 3:4 As it is written in the book of the wilderness of Judaea,
prophets, Behold, I send my the words of Esaias the prophet, saying, Mat 3:3 For this is he that was
messenger before thy face, which The voice of one crying in the spoken of by the prophet
shall prepare thy way before thee. 3 wilderness, Prepare ye the way of the Esaias, saying, The voice of
The voice of one crying in the Lord, make his paths straight. 5 Every one crying in the
wilderness, Prepare ye the way of the valley shall be filled, and every mountain wilderness, Prepare ye the
Lord, make his paths straight. :4 and hill shall be brought low; and the way of the Lord, make his
John did baptize in the wilderness, crooked shall be made straight, and the paths straight.
and preach the baptism of repentance rough ways shall be made smooth; 6 15 John bare witness of him,
for the remission of sins. And all flesh shall see the salvation of and cried, saying, This was he
Mar 1:5 And there went out unto him God. Mat 3:2 And saying, Repent ye: of whom I spake, He that

17Luke’s perspective on the “reign” of Annas indicates that he would view the reign of Tiberius from his co-regency with Augustus as functionally reigning. Thus, the “reign” of Tiberius through co-regency with Augustus
would have started in A.D. 11, making his year 15 to be A.D. 26; the testimony of Tertullian (Against Marcion I.xv), that "the Lord has been revealed since the twelfth year of Tiberius Caesar" refers to Jesus' baptism and the
beginning of his public ministry, counting from the death of Augustus, rather than co-regency
 all the land of Judaea, and they of Luk 3:3 And he came into all the for the kingdom of heaven is at cometh after me is preferred
Jerusalem, and were all baptized country about Jordan, preaching the hand…. 5 Then went out to him before me: for he was before
of him in the river of Jordan, baptism of repentance for the Jerusalem, and all Judaea, and me.
confessing their sins. remission of sins; all the region round about
Jordan, 6 And were baptized of Joh 1:19 And this is the record
him in Jordan, confessing their of John, when the Jews
sins. sent priests and Levites
Mar 1:6 And John was clothed with 4 And the same John had his from Jerusalem to ask
camel's hair, and with a girdle of a raiment of camel's hair, and a him, Who art thou?
skin about his loins; and he did leathern girdle about his loins; Joh 1:20 And he confessed,
eat locusts and wild honey; and his meat was locusts and and denied not; but
Mar 1:7 And preached, saying, There Luk 3:7 Then said he to the multitude wild honey. confessed, I am not the
cometh one mightier than I after that came forth to be baptized of him, O Christ.
me, the latchet of whose shoes I generation of vipers, who hath warned Joh 1:21 And they asked him,
am not worthy to stoop down and you to flee from the wrath to come? 8 Mat 3:7 But when he saw many What then? Art thou
unloose. Mar 1:8 I indeed have Bring forth therefore fruits worthy of of the Pharisees and Elias? And he saith, I am
baptized you with water: but he repentance, and begin not to say within Sadducees come to his not. Art thou that prophet?
shall baptize you with the Holy yourselves, We have Abraham to our baptism, he said unto them, And he answered, No.
Ghost. father: for I say unto you, That God is O generation of vipers, who Joh 1:22 Then said they unto
able of these stones to raise up children hath warned you to flee him, Who art thou? that
unto Abraham. from the wrath to come? we may give an answer to
Luk 3:9 And now also the axe is laid Mat 3:8 Bring forth therefore them that sent us. What
unto the root of the trees: every tree fruits meet for repentance: sayest thou of thyself?
therefore which bringeth not forth Mat 3:9 And think not to say Joh 1:23 He said, I am the
good fruit is hewn down, and cast within yourselves, We have voice of one crying in the
into the fire. Abraham to our father: for I wilderness, Make straight
Luk 3:10 And the people asked him, say unto you, that God is the way of the Lord, as
saying, What shall we do then? able of these stones to raise said the prophet Esaias.
Luk 3:11 He answereth and saith unto up children unto Abraham. Joh 1:24 And they which were
them, He that hath two coats, let him Mat 3:10 And now also the axe sent were of the Pharisees.
impart to him that hath none; and he is laid unto the root of the Joh 1:25 And they asked him,
that hath meat, let him do likewise. trees: therefore every tree and said unto him, Why
Luk 3:12 Then came also publicans to be which bringeth not forth baptizest thou then, if thou
baptized, and said unto him, Master, good fruit is hewn down, be not that Christ, nor
what shall we do? and cast into the fire. Elias, neither that
Luk 3:13 And he said unto them, Exact Mat 3:11 I indeed baptize you prophet?
no more than that which is with water unto repentance: Joh 1:26 John answered
appointed you. but he that cometh after me them, saying, I baptize
Luk 3:14 And the soldiers likewise is mightier than I, whose with water: but there
demanded of him, saying, And what shoes I am not worthy to standeth one among you,
shall we do? And he said unto them, bear: he shall baptize you whom ye know not;
Do violence to no man, neither with the Holy Ghost, and Joh 1:27 He it is, who coming
accuse any falsely; and be content with fire: after me is preferred
 with your wages. Mat 3:12 Whose fan is in his before me, whose shoe's
Luk 3:15 And as the people were in hand, and he will throughly latchet I am not worthy to
expectation, and all men mused in purge his floor, and gather unloose.
their hearts of John, whether he were his wheat into the garner; Joh 1:28 These things were
the Christ, or not; but he will burn up the done in Bethabara beyond
Luk 3:16 John answered, saying unto chaff with unquenchable Jordan, where John was
them all, I indeed baptize you with fire. baptizing.
water; but one mightier than I
cometh, the latchet of whose shoes I
am not worthy to unloose: he shall
baptize you with the Holy Ghost and
with fire:
Luk 3:17 Whose fan is in his hand, and
he will throughly purge his floor, and
will gather the wheat into his garner;
but the chaff he will burn with fire
unquenchable.
Luk 3:18 And many other things in his
exhortation preached he unto the
people.

Jesus birthday, Kislev 25, AD 26 [December 23, Monday]

Jesus baptized, Jan 6,18 AD 27, Monday
Mar 1:9 And it came to pass in those Luk 3:21 Now when all the people were Mat 3:13 Then cometh Jesus from Galilee to Jordan unto
days, that Jesus came from Nazareth of baptized, it came to pass, that Jesus also John, to be baptized of him. 14 But John forbad him, saying,
Galilee, and was baptized of John in being baptized, and praying, the heaven I have need to be baptized of thee, and comest thou to me?
Jordan. 10 And straightway coming was opened, 22 And the Holy Ghost 15 And Jesus answering said unto him, Suffer it to be so
up out of the water, he saw the heavens descended in a bodily shape like a dove now: for thus it becometh us to fulfil all righteousness. Then
opened, and the Spirit like a dove upon him, and a voice came from heaven, he suffered him. 16 And Jesus, when he was baptized, went
descending upon him: 11 And there which said, Thou art my beloved Son; in up straightway out of the water: and, lo, the heavens were
came a voice from heaven, saying, thee I am well pleased. 23 And Jesus opened unto him, and he saw the Spirit of God descending
Thou art my beloved Son, in whom I himself began to be about thirty years of like a dove, and lighting upon him: 17 And lo a voice from
am well pleased. age, being (as was supposed) the son of heaven, saying, This is my beloved Son, in whom I am well
Joseph, which was the son [in-law] of Heli, pleased.
The Temptation
Mar 1:12 And Luk 4:1 And Jesus being full of the Holy Ghost returned from Mat 4:1 Then was Jesus led up of the Spirit into the
immediately Jordan, and was led by the Spirit into the wilderness, wilderness to be tempted of the devil.
the Spirit Luk 4:2 Being forty days tempted of the devil. And in those days Mat 4:2 And when he had fasted forty days and forty

18Christ was baptized on the 6th day of January, the same day of the month on which he had been adored by the Magi thirty years before. Whence the Church commemorates the event on that day. The Ethiopians on the
6th of January, in memory of Christ's Baptism, not only sprinkle themselves with water, but immerse themselves in it. The faithful in Greece also were accustomed, about midnight before the 6th of January, to draw water
from the nearest river or fountain, which, by the gift of God, remained sweet for many years, as S. Chrysostom expressly testifies (Hom. de Baptism. Christiano, tom. 5, Opp. Græc.). S. Epiphanius (Hæres. 51) adds, that on
that day the Nile was turned into wine. "About the 11th day of the month Tybus (our 6th of January) Christ's first miracle was wrought in Cana of Galilee, when water was made wine.
 driveth him he did eat nothing: and when they were ended, he afterward nights, he was afterward an hungred.
into the hungered. Mat 4:3 And when the tempter came to him, he said, If
wilderness. Luk 4:3 And the devil said unto him, If thou be the Son of God, thou be the Son of God, command that these stones
Mar 1:13 And he command this stone that it be made bread. be made bread.
was there in Luk 4:4 And Jesus answered him, saying, It is written, That Mat 4:4 But he answered and said, It is written, Man
the wilderness man shall not live by bread alone, but by every word of God. shall not live by bread alone, but by every word that
forty days, Luk 4:5 And the devil, taking him up into an high mountain, proceedeth out of the mouth of God.
tempted of shewed unto him all the kingdoms of the world in a moment Mat 4:5 Then the devil taketh him up into the holy city,
Satan; and was of time. and setteth him on a pinnacle of the temple,
with the wild Luk 4:6 And the devil said unto him, All this power will I give Mat 4:6 And saith unto him, If thou be the Son of God,
beasts; and the thee, and the glory of them: for that is delivered unto me; cast thyself down: for it is written, He shall give his
angels and to whomsoever I will I give it. angels charge concerning thee: and in their hands
ministered Luk 4:7 If thou therefore wilt worship me, all shall be thine. they shall bear thee up, lest at any time thou dash thy
unto him. Luk 4:8 And Jesus answered and said unto him, Get thee foot against a stone.
behind me, Satan: for it is written, Thou shalt worship the Mat 4:7 Jesus said unto him, It is written again, Thou
Lord thy God, and him only shalt thou serve. shalt not tempt the Lord thy God.
Luk 4:9 And he brought him to Jerusalem, and set him on a Mat 4:8 Again, the devil taketh him up into an exceeding
pinnacle of the temple, and said unto him, If thou be the Son high mountain, and sheweth him all the kingdoms of
of God, cast thyself down from hence: the world, and the glory of them;
Luk 4:10 For it is written, He shall give his angels charge over Mat 4:9 And saith unto him, All these things will I give
thee, to keep thee: thee, if thou wilt fall down and worship me.
Luk 4:11 And in their hands they shall bear thee up, lest at any Mat 4:10 Then saith Jesus unto him, Get thee hence,
time thou dash thy foot against a stone. Satan: for it is written, Thou shalt worship the Lord
Luk 4:12 And Jesus answering said unto him, It is said, Thou thy God, and him only shalt thou serve.
shalt not tempt the Lord thy God. Mat 4:11 Then the devil leaveth him, and, behold, angels
Luk 4:13 And when the devil had ended all the temptation, he came and ministered unto him.
departed from him for a season.

March 2nd AD 27, Sunday

Joh 1:29 The next day John seeth Jesus coming unto him, and saith, Behold the Lamb of God, which taketh away the sin of the world.
C. À Lapide “Observe, Christ was baptized on the 6th of January. It was fifty-five days afterwards that John bore this witness to Christ, or
about the 1st of March, when Jesus was absent. On the day following Jesus presented Himself before John, when John renewed his testimony,
saying, Behold “he Lamb of God. (See Epiphan. Hœres. 51.)”
Joh 1:30 This is he of whom I said, After me cometh a man which is preferred before me: for he was before me.
Joh 1:31 And I knew him not: but that he should be made manifest to Israel, therefore am I come baptizing with water.
Joh 1:32 And John bare record, saying, I saw the Spirit descending from heaven like a dove, and it abode upon him.
Joh 1:33 And I knew him not: but he that sent me to baptize with water, the same said unto me, Upon whom thou shalt see the Spirit descending,
and remaining on him, the same is he which baptizeth with the Holy Ghost.
Joh 1:34 And I saw, and bare record that this is the Son of God.
Joh 1:35 Again the next day after John stood, and two of his disciples;
Joh 1:36 And looking upon Jesus as he walked, he saith, Behold the Lamb of God!
Joh 1:37 And the two disciples heard him speak, and they followed Jesus.
Joh 1:38 Then Jesus turned, and saw them following, and saith unto them, What seek ye? They said unto him, Rabbi, (which is to say, being
interpreted, Master,) where dwellest thou?
Joh 1:39 He saith unto them, Come and see. They came and saw where he dwelt, and abode with him that day: for it was about the tenth hour.
Joh 1:40 One of the two which heard John speak, and followed him, was Andrew, Simon Peter's brother.
Joh 1:41 He first findeth his own brother Simon, and saith unto him, We have found the Messias, which is, being interpreted, the Christ.
Joh 1:42 And he brought him to Jesus. And when Jesus beheld him, he said, Thou art Simon the son of Jona: thou shalt be called Cephas, which is
by interpretation, A stone.
Joh 1:43 The day following Jesus would go forth into Galilee, and findeth Philip, and saith unto him, Follow me.
Joh 1:44 Now Philip was of Bethsaida, the city of Andrew and Peter.
Joh 1:45 Philip findeth Nathanael, and saith unto him, We have found him, of whom Moses in the law, and the prophets, did write, Jesus of
Nazareth, the son of Joseph.
Joh 1:46 And Nathanael said unto him, Can there any good thing come out of Nazareth? Philip saith unto him, Come and see.
Joh 1:47 Jesus saw Nathanael coming to him, and saith of him, Behold an Israelite indeed, in whom is no guile!
Joh 1:48 Nathanael saith unto him, Whence knowest thou me? Jesus answered and said unto him, Before that Philip called thee, when thou wast
under the fig tree, I saw thee.
Joh 1:49 Nathanael answered and saith unto him, Rabbi, thou art the Son of God; thou art the King of Israel.
Joh 1:50 Jesus answered and said unto him, Because I said unto thee, I saw thee under the fig tree, believest thou? thou shalt see greater things
than these.
Joh 1:51 And he saith unto him, Verily, verily, I say unto you, Hereafter ye shall see heaven open, and the angels of God ascending and descending
upon the Son of man.
Joh 2:1 And the third day there was a marriage in Cana of Galilee; and the mother of Jesus was there:
Joh 2:2 And both Jesus was called, and his disciples, to the marriage.
Joh 2:3 And when they wanted wine, the mother of Jesus saith unto him, They have no wine.
Joh 2:4 Jesus saith unto her, Woman, what have I to do with thee? mine hour is not yet come.
Joh 2:5 His mother saith unto the servants, Whatsoever he saith unto you, do it.
Joh 2:6 And there were set there six waterpots of stone, after the manner of the purifying of the Jews, containing two or three firkins apiece.
Joh 2:7 Jesus saith unto them, Fill the waterpots with water. And they filled them up to the brim.
Joh 2:8 And he saith unto them, Draw out now, and bear unto the governor of the feast. And they bare it.
Joh 2:9 When the ruler of the feast had tasted the water that was made wine, and knew not whence it was: (but the servants which drew the water
knew;) the governor of the feast called the bridegroom,
Joh 2:10 And saith unto him, Every man at the beginning doth set forth good wine; and when men have well drunk, then that which is worse: but
thou hast kept the good wine until now.
Joh 2:11 This beginning of miracles did Jesus in Cana of Galilee, and manifested forth his glory; and his disciples believed on him.
Joh 2:12 After this he went down to Capernaum, he, and his mother, and his brethren, and his disciples: and they continued there not many days.
MAR 2-9TH AD 27

Jesus’ 1st trip to Jerusalem – Temple cleansing [1st]

Passover Sacrifice (Pesach) - Nisan 14, April 9, AD 27

John Imprisoned
Mar 1:14 Now after that John was Mat 4:12 Now when Joh 4:3 He left Judaea, and
put in prison, Jesus came into Luk 4:14 And Jesus returned in the Jesus had heard that departed again into Galilee
 Galilee, preaching the gospel of power of the Spirit into Galilee: John was cast into Joh 4:46 So Jesus came again into
the kingdom of God, and there went out a fame of him prison, he departed Cana of Galilee, where he made the
Mar 1:15 And saying, The time is through all the region round about. 15 into Galilee; water wine. And there was a certain
fulfilled, and the kingdom of God is at And he taught in their synagogues, nobleman, whose son was sick at
hand: repent ye, and believe the gospel. being glorified of all.
Capernaum.
 Joh 2:13 And the Jews' passover was at hand, and
Jesus went up to Jerusalem,
Joh 2:14 And found in the temple those that sold oxen
and sheep and doves, and the changers of money
sitting:
Joh 2:15 And when he had made a scourge of small
cords, he drove them all out of the temple, and the
sheep, and the oxen; and poured out the changers'
money, and overthrew the tables;
Joh 2:16 And said unto them that sold doves, Take
these things hence; make not my Father's house an
house of merchandise.
Joh 2:17 And his disciples remembered that it was
written, The zeal of thine house hath eaten me up.
Joh 2:18 Then answered the Jews and said unto him,
What sign shewest thou unto us, seeing that thou
doest these things?
Joh 2:19 Jesus answered and said unto them, Destroy
this temple, and in three days I will raise it up.
Joh 2:20 Then said the Jews, Forty and six years was
this temple in building, and wilt thou rear it up in
three days?
Joh 2:21 But he spake of the temple of his body.
Joh 2:22 When therefore he was risen from the dead,
his disciples remembered that he had said this unto
them; and they believed the scripture, and the word
which Jesus had said.
Joh 2:23 Now when he was in Jerusalem at the
passover, in the feast day, many believed in his
name, when they saw the miracles which he did.
Joh 2:24 But Jesus did not commit himself unto them,
because he knew all men,
Joh 2:25 And needed not that any should testify of
man: for he knew what was in man.

{Pentecost?}

0
Joh 3:1 There was a man of the Pharisees, named Nicodemus, a ruler of the Jews: Joh 4:1 When therefore the Lord knew how the
Joh 3:2 The same came to Jesus by night, and said unto him, Rabbi, we know that thou Pharisees had heard that Jesus made and baptized
art a teacher come from God: for no man can do these miracles that thou doest, except more disciples than John,
God be with him. Joh 4:2 (Though Jesus himself baptized not, but his
Joh 3:3 Jesus answered and said unto him, Verily, verily, I say unto thee, Except a man disciples,)
be born again, he cannot see the kingdom of God. Joh 4:3 He left Judaea, and departed again into Galilee.
Joh 3:4 Nicodemus saith unto him, How can a man be born when he is old? can he enter
the second time into his mother's womb, and be born?
Joh 3:5 Jesus answered, Verily, verily, I say unto thee, Except a man be born of water and Joh 4:4 And he must needs go through Samaria.
of the Spirit, he cannot enter into the kingdom of God. Joh 4:5 Then cometh he to a city of Samaria, which is
Joh 3:6 That which is born of the flesh is flesh; and that which is born of the Spirit is called Sychar, near to the parcel of ground that
spirit. Jacob gave to his son Joseph.
Joh 3:7 Marvel not that I said unto thee, Ye must be born again. Joh 4:6 Now Jacob's well was there. Jesus therefore,
Joh 3:8 The wind bloweth where it listeth, and thou hearest the sound thereof, but canst being wearied with his journey, sat thus on the well:
not tell whence it cometh, and whither it goeth: so is every one that is born of the and it was about the sixth hour.
Spirit. Joh 4:7 There cometh a woman of Samaria to draw
Joh 3:9 Nicodemus answered and said unto him, How can these things be? water: Jesus saith unto her, Give me to drink.
Joh 3:10 Jesus answered and said unto him, Art thou a master of Israel, and knowest not Joh 4:8 (For his disciples were gone away unto the city
these things? to buy meat.)
Joh 3:11 Verily, verily, I say unto thee, We speak that we do know, and testify that we Joh 4:9 Then saith the woman of Samaria unto him,
have seen; and ye receive not our witness. How is it that thou, being a Jew, askest drink of me,
Joh 3:12 If I have told you earthly things, and ye believe not, how shall ye believe, if I tell which am a woman of Samaria? for the Jews have
you of heavenly things? no dealings with the Samaritans.
Joh 3:13 And no man hath ascended up to heaven, but he that came down from heaven, Joh 4:10 Jesus answered and said unto her, If thou
even the Son of man which is in heaven. knewest the gift of God, and who it is that saith to
Joh 3:14 And as Moses lifted up the serpent in the wilderness, even so must the Son of thee, Give me to drink; thou wouldest have asked of
man be lifted up: him, and he would have given thee living water.
Joh 3:15 That whosoever believeth in him should not perish, but have eternal life. Joh 4:11 The woman saith unto him, Sir, thou hast
Joh 3:16 For God so loved the world, that he gave his only begotten Son, that whosoever nothing to draw with, and the well is deep: from
believeth in him should not perish, but have everlasting life. whence then hast thou that living water?
Joh 3:17 For God sent not his Son into the world to condemn the world; but that the Joh 4:12 Art thou greater than our father Jacob, which
world through him might be saved. gave us the well, and drank thereof himself, and his
Joh 3:18 He that believeth on him is not condemned: but he that believeth not is children, and his cattle?
condemned already, because he hath not believed in the name of the only begotten Joh 4:13 Jesus answered and said unto her, Whosoever
Son of God. drinketh of this water shall thirst again:
Joh 3:19 And this is the condemnation, that light is come into the world, and men loved Joh 4:14 But whosoever drinketh of the water that I
darkness rather than light, because their deeds were evil. shall give him shall never thirst; but the water that I
Joh 3:20 For every one that doeth evil hateth the light, neither cometh to the light, lest shall give him shall be in him a well of water
his deeds should be reproved. springing up into everlasting life.
Joh 3:21 But he that doeth truth cometh to the light, that his deeds may be made Joh 4:15 The woman saith unto him, Sir, give me this
manifest, that they are wrought in God. water, that I thirst not, neither come hither to draw.
PASSOVER-PENTECOST Joh 4:16 Jesus saith unto her, Go, call thy husband,
Joh 3:22 After these things came Jesus and his disciples into the land of Judaea; and
 there he tarried with them, and baptized. and come hither.
Joh 3:23 And John also was baptizing in Aenon near to Salim, because there was much Joh 4:17 The woman answered and said, I have no
water there: and they came, and were baptized. husband. Jesus said unto her, Thou hast well said, I
Joh 3:24 For John was not yet cast into prison. have no husband:
Joh 3:25 Then there arose a question between some of John's disciples and the Jews Joh 4:18 For thou hast had five husbands; and he
about purifying. whom thou now hast is not thy husband: in that
Joh 3:26 And they came unto John, and said unto him, Rabbi, he that was with thee saidst thou truly.
beyond Jordan, to whom thou barest witness, behold, the same baptizeth, and all men Joh 4:19 The woman saith unto him, Sir, I perceive that
come to him. thou art a prophet.
Joh 3:27 John answered and said, A man can receive nothing, except it be given him from Joh 4:20 Our fathers worshipped in this mountain; and
heaven. ye say, that in Jerusalem is the place where men
Joh 3:28 Ye yourselves bear me witness, that I said, I am not the Christ, but that I am ought to worship.
sent before him. Joh 4:21 Jesus saith unto her, Woman, believe me, the
Joh 3:29 He that hath the bride is the bridegroom: but the friend of the bridegroom, hour cometh, when ye shall neither in this
which standeth and heareth him, rejoiceth greatly because of the bridegroom's voice: mountain, nor yet at Jerusalem, worship the Father.
this my joy therefore is fulfilled. Joh 4:22 Ye worship ye know not what: we know what
Joh 3:30 He must increase, but I must decrease. we worship: for salvation is of the Jews.
Joh 3:31 He that cometh from above is above all: he that is of the earth is earthly, and Joh 4:23 But the hour cometh, and now is, when the
speaketh of the earth: he that cometh from heaven is above all. true worshippers shall worship the Father in spirit
Joh 3:32 And what he hath seen and heard, that he testifieth; and no man receiveth his and in truth: for the Father seeketh such to worship
testimony. him.
Joh 3:33 He that hath received his testimony hath set to his seal that God is true. Joh 4:24 God is a Spirit: and they that worship him
Joh 3:34 For he whom God hath sent speaketh the words of God: for God giveth not the must worship him in spirit and in truth.
Spirit by measure unto him. Joh 4:25 The woman saith unto him, I know that
Joh 3:35 The Father loveth the Son, and hath given all things into his hand. Messias cometh, which is called Christ: when he is
Joh 3:36 He that believeth on the Son hath everlasting life: and he that believeth not the come, he will tell us all things.
Son shall not see life; but the wrath of God abideth on him. Joh 4:26 Jesus saith unto her, I that speak unto thee
am he.
Joh 4:27 And upon this came his disciples, and
marvelled that he talked with the woman: yet no
man said, What seekest thou? or, Why talkest thou
with her?
Joh 4:28 The woman then left her waterpot, and went
her way into the city, and saith to the men,
Joh 4:29 Come, see a man, which told me all things
that ever I did: is not this the Christ?
Joh 4:30 Then they went out of the city, and came unto
him.
Joh 4:31 In the mean while his disciples prayed him,
saying, Master, eat.
Joh 4:32 But he said unto them, I have meat to eat that
ye know not of.
Joh 4:33 Therefore said the disciples one to another,
 Hath any man brought him ought to eat?
Joh 4:34 Jesus saith unto them, My meat is to do the
will of him that sent me, and to finish his work.
Joh 4:35 Say not ye, There are yet four months, and
then cometh harvest? behold, I say unto you, Lift up
your eyes, and look on the fields; for they are white
already to harvest.
Sabbatical year ends - Sabbatical year ends
Joh 4:36 And he that reapeth receiveth wages, and
gathereth fruit unto life eternal: that both he that
soweth and he that reapeth may rejoice together.
Joh 4:37 And herein is that saying true, One soweth,
and another reapeth.
Joh 4:38 I sent you to reap that whereon ye bestowed
no labour: other men laboured, and ye are entered
into their labours.
Joh 4:39 And many of the Samaritans of that city
believed on him for the saying of the woman, which
testified, He told me all that ever I did.
Joh 4:40 So when the Samaritans were come unto him,
they besought him that he would tarry with them:
and he abode there two days.
Joh 4:41 And many more believed because of his own
word;
Joh 4:42 And said unto the woman, Now we believe,
not because of thy saying: for we have heard him
ourselves, and know that this is indeed the Christ,
the Saviour of the world.

Galilee Ministry - Jesus Christ affirms Jubilee Year - [Rosh Ha’Shanah-Y.K, AD 27]
Luk 4:30 But he passing through the midst of them went his way,
Luk 4:31 And came down to Capernaum, a city of Galilee, and taught them on the sabbath days.
Mat 4:13 ….And leaving Nazareth, he came and dwelt in
Capernaum, which is upon the sea coast, in the borders of Zabulon Joh 4:46 So Jesus came again into Cana of Galilee, where he
and Nephthalim: made the water wine. And there was a certain nobleman, whose son
[[Mat 8:5 And when Jesus was entered into Capernaum, there came unto was sick at Capernaum.
him a centurion, beseeching him, Joh 4:47 When he heard that Jesus was come out of Judaea into
Mat 8:6 And saying, Lord, my servant lieth at home sick of the palsy, Galilee, he went unto him, and besought him that he would come
grievously tormented. down, and heal his son: for he was at the point of death.
Mat 8:7 And Jesus saith unto him, I will come and heal him. Joh 4:48 Then said Jesus unto him, Except ye see signs and wonders,
Mat 8:8 The centurion answered and said, Lord, I am not worthy that ye will not believe.
thou shouldest come under my roof: but speak the word only, and my Joh 4:49 The nobleman saith unto him, Sir, come down ere my child
servant shall be healed. die.
Mat 8:9 For I am a man under authority, having soldiers under me: and I Joh 4:50 Jesus saith unto him, Go thy way; thy son liveth. And the
say to this man, Go, and he goeth; and to another, Come, and he man believed the word that Jesus had spoken unto him, and he
cometh; and to my servant, Do this, and he doeth it. went his way.
Mat 8:10 When Jesus heard it, he marvelled, and said to them that Joh 4:51 And as he was now going down, his servants met him, and
followed, Verily I say unto you, I have not found so great faith, no, not told him, saying, Thy son liveth.
in Israel. Joh 4:52 Then enquired he of them the hour when he began to amend.
Mat 8:11 And I say unto you, That many shall come from the east and And they said unto him, Yesterday at the seventh hour the fever left
west, and shall sit down with Abraham, and Isaac, and Jacob, in the him.
kingdom of heaven. Joh 4:53 So the father knew that it was at the same hour, in the which
Mat 8:12 But the children of the kingdom shall be cast out into outer Jesus said unto him, Thy son liveth: and himself believed, and his
darkness: there shall be weeping and gnashing of teeth. whole house.
Mat 8:13 And Jesus said unto the centurion, Go thy way; and as thou hast Joh 4:54 This is again the second miracle that Jesus did, when he was
believed, so be it done unto thee. And his servant was healed in the come out of Judaea into Galilee.
selfsame hour. ]]
Luk 4:16 And he came to Nazareth, where he had been brought up: and, as his custom was, he went into the synagogue on the sabbath day, and
stood up for to read.
Luk 4:17 And there was delivered unto him the book of the prophet Esaias. And when he had opened the book, he found the place where it was
written,
Luk 4:18 The Spirit of the Lord is upon me, because he hath anointed me to preach the gospel to the poor; he hath sent me to heal the
brokenhearted, to preach deliverance to the captives, and recovering of sight to the blind, to set at liberty them that are bruised,
Luk 4:19 To preach the acceptable year of the Lord.
Luk 4:20 And he closed the book, and he gave it again to the minister, and sat down. And the eyes of all them that were in the synagogue were
fastened on him.
Luk 4:21 And he began to say unto them, This day is this scripture fulfilled in your ears.
Luk 4:22 And all bare him witness, and wondered at the gracious words which proceeded out of his mouth. And they said, Is not this Joseph's son?
Luk 4:23 And he said unto them, Ye will surely say unto me this proverb, Physician, heal thyself: whatsoever we have heard done in Capernaum, do
also here in thy country.
Luk 4:24 And he said, Verily I say unto you, No prophet is accepted in his own country.
Luk 4:25 But I tell you of a truth, many widows were in Israel in the days of Elias, when the heaven was shut up three years and six months, when
great famine was throughout all the land;
Luk 4:26 But unto none of them was Elias sent, save unto Sarepta, a city of Sidon, unto a woman that was a widow.
Luk 4:27 And many lepers were in Israel in the time of Eliseus the prophet; and none of them was cleansed, saving Naaman the Syrian.
Luk 4:28 And all they in the synagogue, when they heard these things, were filled with wrath,
Luk 4:29 And rose up, and thrust him out of the city, and led him unto the brow of the hill whereon their city was built, that they might cast him
down headlong.

First Galilee Tour Fall/Winter AD 27-28

RE-CALLING RE-CALLING
Mar 1:16 Now as he walked Matt 4:18 And Jesus,
by the sea of Galilee, he saw walking by the sea of
Simon and Andrew his Galilee, saw two brethren,
brother casting a net into Simon called Peter, and
the sea: for they were Andrew his brother, casting
fishers. a net into the sea: for they
Mar 1:17 And Jesus said were fishers.
unto them, Come ye Mat 4:19 And he saith unto
after me, and I will them, Follow me, and I
make you to become will make you fishers of
fishers of men. men.
Mar 1:18 And straightway Mat 4:20 And they
they forsook their nets, straightway left their
and followed him. nets, and followed him.
Mar 1:19 And when he had Mat 4:21 And going on
gone a little further from thence, he saw
thence, he saw James other two brethren,
the son of Zebedee, and James the son of
John his brother, who Zebedee, and John his
also were in the ship brother, in a ship with
mending their nets. Zebedee their father,
Mar 1:20 And straightway mending their nets; and
he called them: and he called them.
they left their father Mat 4:22 And they
Zebedee in the ship immediately left the
with the hired servants, ship and their father,
and went after him. and followed him.
Mar 1:21 And they went Mat 4:23 And Jesus went
into Capernaum; and about all Galilee,
straightway on the teaching in their
sabbath day he entered synagogues, and
into the synagogue, and preaching the gospel of
taught. the kingdom, and
Mar 1:22 And they were healing all manner of
astonished at his sickness and all manner
 doctrine: for he taught of disease among the
them as one that had people.
authority, and not as Mat 4:24 And his fame
the scribes. went throughout all
Syria: and they brought
unto him all sick people
that were taken with
divers diseases and
Mar 1:23 And there was in torments, and those
their synagogue a man with which were possessed Luk 4:31 And came down to Capernaum, a city of Galilee, and
an unclean spirit; and he with devils, and those taught them on the sabbath days.
cried out, which were lunatick, Luk 4:32 And they were astonished at his doctrine: for his word
Mar 1:24 Saying, Let us and those that had the was with power.
alone; what have we to palsy; and he healed Luk 4:33 And in the synagogue there was a man, which had a
do with thee, thou them. spirit of an unclean devil, and cried out with a loud voice,
Jesus of Nazareth? art Luk 4:34 Saying, Let us alone; what have we to do with thee, thou
thou come to destroy Jesus of Nazareth? art thou come to destroy us? I know thee
us? I know thee who who thou art; the Holy One of God.
thou art, the Holy One
of God.
Mar 1:25 And Jesus Luk 4:35 And Jesus rebuked him, saying, Hold thy peace, and
rebuked him, saying, come out of him. And when the devil had thrown him in the midst,
Hold thy peace, and he came out of him, and hurt him not.
come out of him. Luk 4:36 And they were all amazed, and spake among themselves,
Mar 1:26 And when the saying, What a word is this! for with authority and power he
unclean spirit had torn commandeth the unclean spirits, and they come out.
him, and cried with a
loud voice, he came out
of him.
Mar 1:27 And they were all
amazed, insomuch that
they questioned among
themselves, saying,
What thing is this?
what new doctrine is
this? for with authority Mat 4:25 And there Luk 4:37 And the fame of him went out into every place of the
commandeth he even followed him great country round about.
the unclean spirits, and multitudes of people from
they do obey him. Galilee, and from Decapolis,
Mar 1:28 And immediately and from Jerusalem, and
his fame spread abroad from Judaea, and from
throughout all the beyond Jordan.
region round about
 Galilee.
Mar 1:29 And forthwith, [[Mat 8:14 And when Jesus Luk 4:38 And he arose out of the synagogue, and entered into
when they were come was come into Peter's Simon's house. And Simon's wife's mother was taken with a
out of the synagogue, house, he saw his wife's great fever; and they besought him for her.
they entered into the mother laid, and sick of Luk 4:39 And he stood over her, and rebuked the fever; and it left
house of Simon and a fever. her: and immediately she arose and ministered unto them.
Andrew, with James Mat 8:15 And he touched Luk 4:40 Now when the sun was setting, all they that had any sick
and John. her hand, and the fever with divers diseases brought them unto him; and he laid his
Mar 1:30 But Simon's left her: and she arose, hands on every one of them, and healed them.
wife's mother lay sick of and ministered unto Luk 4:41 And devils also came out of many, crying out, and
a fever, and anon they them. saying, Thou art Christ the Son of God. And he rebuking them
tell him of her. Mat 8:16 When the even suffered them not to speak: for they knew that he was Christ.
Mar 1:31 And he came and was come, they brought Luk 4:42 And when it was day, he departed and went into a desert
took her by the hand, unto him many that place: and the people sought him, and came unto him, and
and lifted her up; and were possessed with stayed him, that he should not depart from them.
immediately the fever devils: and he cast out Luk 4:43 And he said unto them, I must preach the kingdom of
left her, and she the spirits with his word, God to other cities also: for therefore am I sent.
ministered unto them. and healed all that were Luk 4:44 And he preached in the synagogues of Galilee.
Mar 1:32 And at even, sick:
when the sun did set, Mat 8:17 That it might be REMINDING
they brought unto him fulfilled which was Luk 5:1 And it came to pass, that, as the people pressed upon him
all that were diseased, spoken by Esaias the to hear the word of God, he stood by the lake of Gennesaret,
and them that were prophet, saying, Himself Luk 5:2 And saw two ships standing by the lake: but the fishermen
possessed with devils. took our infirmities, and were gone out of them, and were washing their nets.
Mar 1:33 And all the city bare our sicknesses. Luk 5:3 And he entered into one of the ships, which was Simon's,
was gathered together Mat 8:18 Now when Jesus and prayed him that he would thrust out a little from the land.
at the door. saw great multitudes And he sat down, and taught the people out of the ship.
Mar 1:34 And he healed about him, he gave Luk 5:4 Now when he had left speaking, he said unto Simon,
many that were sick of commandment to Launch out into the deep, and let down your nets for a
divers diseases, and depart unto the other draught.
cast out many devils; side. ]] Luk 5:5 And Simon answering said unto him, Master, we have
and suffered not the toiled all the night, and have taken nothing: nevertheless at thy
devils to speak, because word I will let down the net.
they knew him. Luk 5:6 And when they had this done, they inclosed a great
Mar 1:35 And in the multitude of fishes: and their net brake.
morning, rising up a Luk 5:7 And they beckoned unto their partners, which were in the
great while before day, other ship, that they should come and help them. And they
he went out, and came, and filled both the ships, so that they began to sink.
departed into a solitary Luk 5:8 When Simon Peter saw it, he fell down at Jesus' knees,
place, and there prayed. saying, Depart from me; for I am a sinful man, O Lord.
Mar 1:36 And Simon and Luk 5:9 For he was astonished, and all that were with him, at the
they that were with him draught of the fishes which they had taken:
followed after him.
Mar 1:37 And when they Luk 5:10 And so was also James, and John, the sons of Zebedee,
had found him, they which were partners with Simon. And Jesus said unto Simon,
said unto him, All men Fear not; from henceforth thou shalt catch men.
seek for thee. Luk 5:11 And when they had brought their ships to land, they
Mar 1:38 And he said unto forsook all, and followed him.
them, Let us go into the
next towns, that I may
preach there also: for
therefore came I forth.
Mar 1:39 And he preached
in their synagogues
throughout all Galilee,
and cast out devils.

Mat 5:1 And seeing the multitudes, he went up into a Mat 6:1 Take heed that ye do not your alms Mat 7:1 Judge not, that ye be not
mountain: and when he was set, his disciples came before men, to be seen of them: otherwise ye judged.
unto him: have no reward of your Father which is in Mat 7:2 For with what judgment ye
Mat 5:2 And he opened his mouth, and taught them, heaven. judge, ye shall be judged: and with
saying, Mat 6:2 Therefore when thou doest thine alms, what measure ye mete, it shall be
Mat 5:3 Blessed are the poor in spirit: for theirs is the do not sound a trumpet before thee, as the measured to you again.
kingdom of heaven. hypocrites do in the synagogues and in the Mat 7:3 And why beholdest thou the
Mat 5:4 Blessed are they that mourn: for they shall be streets, that they may have glory of men. mote that is in thy brother's eye,
comforted. Verily I say unto you, They have their but considerest not the beam that
Mat 5:5 Blessed are the meek: for they shall inherit the reward. is in thine own eye?
earth. Mat 6:3 But when thou doest alms, let not thy Mat 7:4 Or how wilt thou say to thy
Mat 5:6 Blessed are they which do hunger and thirst left hand know what thy right hand doeth: brother, Let me pull out the mote
after righteousness: for they shall be filled. Mat 6:4 That thine alms may be in secret: and out of thine eye; and, behold, a
Mat 5:7 Blessed are the merciful: for they shall obtain thy Father which seeth in secret himself shall beam is in thine own eye?
mercy. reward thee openly. Mat 7:5 Thou hypocrite, first cast out
Mat 5:8 Blessed are the pure in heart: for they shall see Mat 6:5 And when thou prayest, thou shalt not the beam out of thine own eye;
God. be as the hypocrites are: for they love to pray and then shalt thou see clearly to
Mat 5:9 Blessed are the peacemakers: for they shall be standing in the synagogues and in the cast out the mote out of thy
called the children of God. corners of the streets, that they may be seen brother's eye.
Mat 5:10 Blessed are they which are persecuted for of men. Verily I say unto you, They have Mat 7:6 Give not that which is holy
righteousness' sake: for theirs is the kingdom of their reward. unto the dogs, neither cast ye your
heaven. Mat 6:6 But thou, when thou prayest, enter into pearls before swine, lest they
Mat 5:11 Blessed are ye, when men shall revile you, and thy closet, and when thou hast shut thy door, trample them under their feet,
persecute you, and shall say all manner of evil pray to thy Father which is in secret; and thy and turn again and rend you.
against you falsely, for my sake. Father which seeth in secret shall reward Mat 7:7 Ask, and it shall be given
Mat 5:12 Rejoice, and be exceeding glad: for great is thee openly. you; seek, and ye shall find;
your reward in heaven: for so persecuted they the Mat 6:7 But when ye pray, use not vain knock, and it shall be opened unto
prophets which were before you. repetitions, as the heathen do: for they think you:
Mat 5:13 Ye are the salt of the earth: but if the salt have that they shall be heard for their much Mat 7:8 For every one that asketh
lost his savour, wherewith shall it be salted? it is speaking. receiveth; and he that seeketh
thenceforth good for nothing, but to be cast out, and Mat 6:8 Be not ye therefore like unto them: for findeth; and to him that knocketh
to be trodden under foot of men. your Father knoweth what things ye have it shall be opened.
Mat 5:14 Ye are the light of the world. A city that is set need of, before ye ask him. Mat 7:9 Or what man is there of you,
on an hill cannot be hid. Mat 6:9 After this manner therefore pray ye: whom if his son ask bread, will he
Mat 5:15 Neither do men light a candle, and put it Our Father which art in heaven, Hallowed be give him a stone?
under a bushel, but on a candlestick; and it giveth thy name. Mat 7:10 Or if he ask a fish, will he
light unto all that are in the house. Mat 6:10 Thy kingdom come. Thy will be done give him a serpent?
Mat 5:16 Let your light so shine before men, that they in earth, as it is in heaven. Mat 7:11 If ye then, being evil, know
may see your good works, and glorify your Father Mat 6:11 Give us this day our daily bread. how to give good gifts unto your
which is in heaven. Mat 6:12 And forgive us our debts, as we forgive children, how much more shall
Mat 5:17 Think not that I am come to destroy the law, our debtors. your Father which is in heaven
or the prophets: I am not come to destroy, but to Mat 6:13 And lead us not into temptation, but give good things to them that ask
fulfil. deliver us from evil: For thine is the him?
Mat 5:18 For verily I say unto you, Till heaven and earth kingdom, and the power, and the glory, for Mat 7:12 Therefore all things
pass, one jot or one tittle shall in no wise pass from ever. Amen. whatsoever ye would that men
the law, till all be fulfilled. Mat 6:14 For if ye forgive men their trespasses, should do to you, do ye even so to
Mat 5:19 Whosoever therefore shall break one of these your heavenly Father will also forgive you: them: for this is the law and the
least commandments, and shall teach men so, he Mat 6:15 But if ye forgive not men their prophets.
shall be called the least in the kingdom of heaven: trespasses, neither will your Father forgive Mat 7:13 Enter ye in at the strait gate:
but whosoever shall do and teach them, the same your trespasses. for wide is the gate, and broad is
shall be called great in the kingdom of heaven. Mat 6:16 Moreover when ye fast, be not, as the the way, that leadeth to
Mat 5:20 For I say unto you, That except your hypocrites, of a sad countenance: for they destruction, and many there be
righteousness shall exceed the righteousness of the disfigure their faces, that they may appear which go in thereat:
scribes and Pharisees, ye shall in no case enter into unto men to fast. Verily I say unto you, They Mat 7:14 Because strait is the gate,
the kingdom of heaven. have their reward. and narrow is the way, which
Mat 5:21 Ye have heard that it was said by them of old Mat 6:17 But thou, when thou fastest, anoint leadeth unto life, and few there be
time, Thou shalt not kill; and whosoever shall kill thine head, and wash thy face; that find it.
shall be in danger of the judgment: Mat 6:18 That thou appear not unto men to fast, Mat 7:15 Beware of false prophets,
Mat 5:22 But I say unto you, That whosoever is angry but unto thy Father which is in secret: and which come to you in sheep's
with his brother without a cause shall be in danger of thy Father, which seeth in secret, shall clothing, but inwardly they are
the judgment: and whosoever shall say to his reward thee openly. ravening wolves.
brother, Raca, shall be in danger of the council: but Mat 6:19 Lay not up for yourselves treasures Mat 7:16 Ye shall know them by their
whosoever shall say, Thou fool, shall be in danger of upon earth, where moth and rust doth fruits. Do men gather grapes of
hell fire. corrupt, and where thieves break through thorns, or figs of thistles?
Mat 5:23 Therefore if thou bring thy gift to the altar, and steal: Mat 7:17 Even so every good tree
and there rememberest that thy brother hath ought Mat 6:20 But lay up for yourselves treasures in bringeth forth good fruit; but a
against thee; heaven, where neither moth nor rust doth corrupt tree bringeth forth evil
Mat 5:24 Leave there thy gift before the altar, and go corrupt, and where thieves do not break fruit.
thy way; first be reconciled to thy brother, and then through nor steal: Mat 7:18 A good tree cannot bring
come and offer thy gift. Mat 6:21 For where your treasure is, there will forth evil fruit, neither can a
Mat 5:25 Agree with thine adversary quickly, whiles your heart be also. corrupt tree bring forth good fruit.
 thou art in the way with him; lest at any time the Mat 6:22 The light of the body is the eye: if Mat 7:19 Every tree that bringeth not
adversary deliver thee to the judge, and the judge therefore thine eye be single, thy whole body forth good fruit is hewn down, and
deliver thee to the officer, and thou be cast into shall be full of light. cast into the fire.
prison. Mat 6:23 But if thine eye be evil, thy whole body Mat 7:20 Wherefore by their fruits ye
Mat 5:26 Verily I say unto thee, Thou shalt by no means shall be full of darkness. If therefore the light shall know them.
come out thence, till thou hast paid the uttermost that is in thee be darkness, how great is that Mat 7:21 Not every one that saith
farthing. darkness! unto me, Lord, Lord, shall enter
Mat 5:27 Ye have heard that it was said by them of old Mat 6:24 No man can serve two masters: for into the kingdom of heaven; but
time, Thou shalt not commit adultery: either he will hate the one, and love the he that doeth the will of my Father
Mat 5:28 But I say unto you, That whosoever looketh on other; or else he will hold to the one, and which is in heaven.
a woman to lust after her hath committed adultery despise the other. Ye cannot serve God and Mat 7:22 Many will say to me in that
with her already in his heart. mammon. day, Lord, Lord, have we not
Mat 5:29 And if thy right eye offend thee, pluck it out, Mat 6:25 Therefore I say unto you, Take no prophesied in thy name? and in
and cast it from thee: for it is profitable for thee that thought for your life, what ye shall eat, or thy name have cast out devils?
one of thy members should perish, and not that thy what ye shall drink; nor yet for your body, and in thy name done many
whole body should be cast into hell. what ye shall put on. Is not the life more than wonderful works?
Mat 5:30 And if thy right hand offend thee, cut it off, meat, and the body than raiment? Mat 7:23 And then will I profess unto
and cast it from thee: for it is profitable for thee that Mat 6:26 Behold the fowls of the air: for they them, I never knew you: depart
one of thy members should perish, and not that thy sow not, neither do they reap, nor gather into from me, ye that work iniquity.
whole body should be cast into hell. barns; yet your heavenly Father feedeth Mat 7:24 Therefore whosoever
Mat 5:31 It hath been said, Whosoever shall put away them. Are ye not much better than they? heareth these sayings of mine, and
his wife, let him give her a writing of divorcement: Mat 6:27 Which of you by taking thought can doeth them, I will liken him unto
Mat 5:32 But I say unto you, That whosoever shall put add one cubit unto his stature? a wise man, which built his house
away his wife, saving for the cause of fornication, Mat 6:28 And why take ye thought for raiment? upon a rock:
causeth her to commit adultery: and whosoever shall Consider the lilies of the field, how they Mat 7:25 And the rain descended,
marry her that is divorced committeth adultery. grow; they toil not, neither do they spin: and the floods came, and the
Mat 5:33 Again, ye have heard that it hath been said by Mat 6:29 And yet I say unto you, That even winds blew, and beat upon that
them of old time, Thou shalt not forswear thyself, Solomon in all his glory was not arrayed like house; and it fell not: for it was
but shalt perform unto the Lord thine oaths: one of these. founded upon a rock.
Mat 5:34 But I say unto you, Swear not at all; neither by Mat 6:30 Wherefore, if God so clothe the grass Mat 7:26 And every one that heareth
heaven; for it is God's throne: of the field, which to day is, and to morrow is these sayings of mine, and doeth
Mat 5:35 Nor by the earth; for it is his footstool: neither cast into the oven, shall he not much more them not, shall be likened unto a
by Jerusalem; for it is the city of the great King. clothe you, O ye of little faith? foolish man, which built his house
Mat 5:36 Neither shalt thou swear by thy head, because Mat 6:31 Therefore take no thought, saying, upon the sand:
thou canst not make one hair white or black. What shall we eat? or, What shall we drink? Mat 7:27 And the rain descended,
Mat 5:37 But let your communication be, Yea, yea; Nay, or, Wherewithal shall we be clothed? and the floods came, and the
nay: for whatsoever is more than these cometh of Mat 6:32 (For after all these things do the winds blew, and beat upon that
evil. Gentiles seek:) for your heavenly Father house; and it fell: and great was
Mat 5:38 Ye have heard that it hath been said, An eye knoweth that ye have need of all these the fall of it.
for an eye, and a tooth for a tooth: things. Mat 7:28 And it came to pass, when
Mat 5:39 But I say unto you, That ye resist not evil: but Mat 6:33 But seek ye first the kingdom of God, Jesus had ended these sayings,
whosoever shall smite thee on thy right cheek, turn and his righteousness; and all these things the people were astonished at his
to him the other also. shall be added unto you. doctrine:
Mat 5:40 And if any man will sue thee at the law, and Mat 6:34 Take therefore no thought for the Mat 7:29 For he taught them as one
take away thy coat, let him have thy cloke also. morrow: for the morrow shall take thought having authority, and not as the
Mat 5:41 And whosoever shall compel thee to go a mile, for the things of itself. Sufficient unto the day scribes.
go with him twain. is the evil thereof.
Mat 5:42 Give to him that asketh thee, and from him
that would borrow of thee turn not thou away.
Mat 5:43 Ye have heard that it hath been said, Thou
shalt love thy neighbour, and hate thine enemy.
Mat 5:44 But I say unto you, Love your enemies, bless
them that curse you, do good to them that hate you,
and pray for them which despitefully use you, and
persecute you;
Mat 5:45 That ye may be the children of your Father
which is in heaven: for he maketh his sun to rise on
the evil and on the good, and sendeth rain on the
just and on the unjust.
Mat 5:46 For if ye love them which love you, what
reward have ye? do not even the publicans the same?
Mat 5:47 And if ye salute your brethren only, what do ye
more than others? do not even the publicans so?
Mat 5:48 Be ye therefore perfect, even as your Father
which is in heaven is perfect.

Mark 1:40 And there came a leper to him, beseeching Mat 8:1 When he was come down Luk 5:12 And it came to pass, when he was in a
him, and kneeling down said to him: If thou wilt, thou from the mountain, great certain city, behold a man full of leprosy: who
multitudes followed him. seeing Jesus fell on his face, and besought him,
canst make me clean. 41 And Jesus having Mat 8:2 And, behold, there came a saying, Lord, if thou wilt, thou canst make me
compassion on him, stretched forth his hand; and leper and worshipped him, saying, clean.
touching him, saith to him: I will. Be thou made clean. Lord, if thou wilt, thou canst make Luk 5:13 And he put forth his hand, and touched
42 And when he had spoken, immediately the leprosy me clean. him, saying, I will: be thou clean. And
departed from him, and he was made clean. 43 And he Mat 8:3 And Jesus put forth his immediately the leprosy departed from him.
hand, and touched him, saying, I Luk 5:14 And he charged him to tell no man: but
strictly charged him, and forthwith sent him away. 44 will; be thou clean. And go, and shew thyself to the priest, and offer for thy
And he saith to him: See thou tell no one; but go, shew immediately his leprosy was cleansing, according as Moses commanded, for a
thyself to the high priest, and offer for thy cleansing cleansed. testimony unto them.
the things that Moses commanded, for a testimony to Mat 8:4 And Jesus saith unto him, Luk 5:15 But so much the more went there a fame
them. 45 But he being gone out, began to publish and See thou tell no man; but go thy abroad of him: and great multitudes came
to blaze abroad the word: so that he could not openly way, shew thyself to the priest, and together to hear, and to be healed by him of their
go into the city, but was without in desert places: and offer the gift that Moses infirmities.
commanded, for a testimony unto Luk 5:16 And he withdrew himself into the
they flocked to him from all sides
 them. wilderness, and prayed.

.
Mar 2:1 And again he entered into Capernaum after some days; and it was noised that 17 And it came to pass on a certain day, as he sat teaching,
he was in the house. that there were also Pharisees and doctors of the law
Mar 2:2 And straightway many were gathered together, insomuch that there was no sitting by, that were come out of every town of Galilee,
room to receive them, no, not so much as about the door: and he preached the word and Judea and Jerusalem: and the power of the Lord was
unto them. to heal them. 18 And behold, men brought in a bed a man,
Mar 2:3 And they come unto him, bringing one sick of the palsy, which was borne of four. who had the palsy: and they sought means to bring him
Mar 2:4 And when they could not come nigh unto him for the press, they uncovered the in, and to lay him before him. 19 And when they could not
roof where he was: and when they had broken it up, they let down the bed wherein the find by what way they might bring him in, because of the
sick of the palsy lay. multitude, they went up upon the roof, and let him down
Mar 2:5 When Jesus saw their faith, he said unto the sick of the palsy, Son, thy sins be through the tiles with his bed into the midst before Jesus.
forgiven thee. 20 Whose faith when he saw, he said: Man, thy sins are
Mar 2:6 But there were certain of the scribes sitting there, and reasoning in their hearts, forgiven thee. 21 And the scribes and Pharisees began to
Mar 2:7 Why doth this man thus speak blasphemies? who can forgive sins but God only? think, saying: Who is this who speaketh blasphemies?
Mar 2:8 And immediately when Jesus perceived in his spirit that they so reasoned within Who can forgive sins, but God alone? 22 And when Jesus
themselves, he said unto them, Why reason ye these things in your hearts? knew their thoughts, answering, he said to them: What is
Mar 2:9 Whether is it easier to say to the sick of the palsy, Thy sins be forgiven thee; or to it you think in your hearts? 23 Which is easier to say, Thy
say, Arise, and take up thy bed, and walk? sins are forgiven thee; or to say, Arise and walk? 24 But
Mar 2:10 But that ye may know that the Son of man hath power on earth to forgive sins, that you may know that the Son of man hath power on
(he saith to the sick of the palsy,) earth to forgive sins, (he saith to the sick of the palsy,) I
Mar 2:11 I say unto thee, Arise, and take up thy bed, and go thy way into thine house. say to thee, Arise, take up thy bed, and go into thy house.
Mar 2:12 And immediately he arose, took up the bed, and went forth before them all; 25 And immediately rising up before them, he took up the
insomuch that they were all amazed, and glorified God, saying, We never saw it on bed on which he lay; and he went away to his own house,
this fashion. glorifying God. 26 And all were astonished; and they
glorified God. And they were filled with fear, saying: We
have seen wonderful things to day.

Purim AD 28 John 5:1 After this Joh 5:16 And therefore did the Judeans persecute Jesus, and sought to slay him, because he had done
Adar II 14 – March there was a feast of these things on the sabbath day…. 5:18 Therefore the Judeans sought the more to kill him, because he
28 not only had broken the sabbath, but said also that God was his Father, making himself equal with God.
the Jews; and Jesus Mat 12:14 Then the Pharisees went out, and held a council against him, how they might destroy him.

went up to Mar 3:6 And the Pharisees went forth, and straightway took counsel with the Herodians against him, how they might destroy him
Luk 6:11 And they [Scribes & Pharisees] were filled with madness; and communed one with another what they might do to Jesus.

Jerusalem. 19

19Petavius supposes that the feast of Purim, or lots, is here meant. The feast of John 5 fell on a Sabbath (5:9). The only feast day to fall on a Sabbath between AD 25 and 35 was Purim of 28. (Faulstich, E. W. 1986 Computer
Calendar: IBM Software. Spencer, IA: Chronology Books).
2nd Passover Season 28 AD Nisan 15-21, April 27-May 3, 28

MARK 6:30 The apostles gathered Matt 14: 13 When Jesus heard 6 Some time after this, Jesus crossed
10 When the apostles around Jesus and reported to him all they what had happened, he to the far shore of the Sea of Galilee
returned, they reported to had done and taught. 31 Then, because so withdrew by boat privately to (that is, the Sea of Tiberias), 2 and a
Jesus what they had done. many people were coming and going that a solitary place. Hearing of great crowd of people followed him
Then he took them with him they did not even have a chance to eat, he this, the crowds followed him because they saw the signs he had
and they withdrew by said to them, “Come with me by on foot from the towns. 14 performed by healing the sick. 3 Then
themselves to a town called yourselves to a quiet place and get some When Jesus landed and saw a Jesus went up on a mountainside and
Bethsaida, 11 but the rest.” 32 So they went away by large crowd, he had sat down with his disciples. 4 The
crowds learned about it and themselves in a boat to a solitary place. compassion on them and Jewish Passover Festival was near.
followed him. He welcomed 33 But many who saw them leaving healed their sick. 15 As 5 When Jesus looked up and saw a

them and spoke to them recognized them and ran on foot from all evening approached, the great crowd coming toward him, he
about the kingdom of God, the towns and got there ahead of them. disciples came to him and said to Philip, “Where shall we buy
and healed those who 34 When Jesus landed and saw a large said, “This is a remote place, bread for these people to eat?” 6 He
needed healing. crowd, he had compassion on them, and it’s already getting late. asked this only to test him, for he
12 Late in the afternoon the because they were like sheep without a Send the crowds away, so already had in mind what he was
Twelve came to him and shepherd. So he began teaching them they can go to the villages and going to do. 7 Philip answered him, “It
said, “Send the crowd away many things. 35 By this time it was late buy themselves some food.” would take more than half a year’s
so they can go to the in the day, so his disciples came to him. 16 Jesus replied, “They do not wages[a] to buy enough bread for each
surrounding villages and “This is a remote place,” they said, “and need to go away. You give one to have a bite!” 8 Another of his
countryside and find food it’s already very late. 36 Send the people them something to eat.” 17 disciples, Andrew, Simon Peter’s
and lodging, because we are away so that they can go to the “We have here only five brother, spoke up, 9 “Here is a boy
in a remote place here.” 13 surrounding countryside and villages and loaves of bread and two fish,” with five small barley loaves and two
He replied, “You give them buy themselves something to eat.” 37 But they answered. 18 “Bring small fish, but how far will they go
something to eat.” They he answered, “You give them something them here to me,” he said. 19 among so many?” 10 Jesus said, “Have
answered, “We have only to eat.” They said to him, “That would And he directed the people to the people sit down.” There was
five loaves of bread and two take more than half a year’s wages[e]! sit down on the grass. Taking plenty of grass in that place, and they
fish—unless we go and buy Are we to go and spend that much on the five loaves and the two sat down (about five thousand men
food for all this crowd.” 14 bread and give it to them to eat?” 38 fish and looking up to heaven, were there). 11 Jesus then took the
(About five thousand men “How many loaves do you have?” he he gave thanks and broke the loaves, gave thanks, and distributed to
were there.) But he said to asked. “Go and see.” When they found loaves. Then he gave them to those who were seated as much as
his disciples, “Have them sit out, they said, “Five—and two fish.” 39 the disciples, and the disciples they wanted. He did the same with the
down in groups of about Then Jesus directed them to have all the gave them to the people. 20 fish. 12 When they had all had enough
fifty each.” 15 The disciples people sit down in groups on the green They all ate and were to eat, he said to his disciples, “Gather
did so, and everyone sat grass. 40 So they sat down in groups of satisfied, and the disciples the pieces that are left over. Let
down. 16 Taking the five hundreds and fifties. 41 Taking the five picked up twelve basketfuls of nothing be wasted.” 13 So they
loaves and the two fish and loaves and the two fish and looking up to broken pieces that were left gathered them and filled twelve
looking up to heaven, he heaven, he gave thanks and broke the over. 21 The number of those baskets with the pieces of the five
gave thanks and broke them. loaves. Then he gave them to his who ate was about five barley loaves left over those who had
Then he gave them to the disciples to distribute to the people. He thousand men, besides women eaten. 14 After the people saw the
disciples to distribute to the also divided the two fish among them all. and children., sign Jesus performed, they began to
people. 17 They all ate and 42 They all ate and were satisfied, 43 and say, “Surely this is the Prophet who is
were satisfied, and the the disciples picked up twelve basketfuls to come into the world.” 15 Jesus,
disciples picked up twelve of broken pieces of bread and fish. 44 knowing that they intended to come
basketfuls of broken pieces The number of the men who had eaten and make him king by force, withdrew
that were left over. was five thousand. again to a mountain by himself
Transfiguration [August 19th (Old Calendarists) Thursday, AD 28] Matthew 17:1-8, Mark 9:2-9, Luke 9:28-36, II Peter 1:16-19.
 First year of 5th Millennium20 Yom Teruah, Tishri 10, October 16, 28 AD
John 7:1 After this, Jesus went around in Galilee. He did not want[a] to
go about in Judea because the Jewish leaders there were looking for a
way to kill him. 2 But when the Jewish Festival of Tabernacles [Tishri
15-21, October 21-27] was near, 3 Jesus’ brothers said to him, “Leave
Galilee and go to Judea, so that your disciples there may see the works
you do. 4 No one who wants to become a public figure acts in secret.
Since you are doing these things, show yourself to the world.” 5 For even
his own brothers did not believe in him. 6 Therefore Jesus told them,
“My time is not yet here; for you any time will do. 7 The world cannot
hate you, but it hates me because I testify that its works are evil. 8 You
go to the festival. I am not[b] going up to this festival, because my time
has not yet fully come.” 9 After he had said this, he stayed in Galilee. 10
However, after his brothers had left for the festival, he went also, not
publicly, but in secret. 11 Now at the festival the Jewish leaders were
watching for Jesus and asking, “Where is he?” 12 Among the crowds
there was widespread whispering about him. Some said, “He is a good
man.” Others replied, “No, he deceives the people.” 13 But no one would
say anything publicly about him for fear of the leaders. 14 Not until
halfway through the festival did Jesus go up to the temple courts and
begin to teach. 15 The Jews there were amazed and asked, “How did this
man get such learning without having been taught?”

John 10:22 Then came the Festival of Dedication[Kislev 25-Tebet 2,

December 30, AD 28-January 6 AD 29] at Jerusalem. It was winter, 23
and Jesus was in the temple courts walking in Solomon’s Colonnade. 24
The Jews who were there gathered around him, saying, “How long will
you keep us in suspense? If you are the Messiah, tell us plainly.”… 40
Then Jesus went back across the Jordan to the place where John had been
baptizing in the early days. There he stayed, 41 and many people came to
him. They said, “Though John never performed a sign, all that John said
about this man was true.” 42 And in that place many believed in Jesus.
20 Jerome’s Chronicle: (Olympiad) “202.1 [AD 29] The beginning of the 81st Jubilee, according to the Hebrews” [i.e., the year after the completion of 80 Jubilees=4000 years]
John 11:57 But the chief priests and the Pharisees had
[already] given orders that anyone who found out where
Jesus was should report it so that they might arrest him.
Sunday, February 13, AD 29
TB Sanh.43a On the eve of the Passover Yeshu [the Nasarean] was
hanged. For forty days before the execution took place, a herald went
forth and cried, 'He is going forth to be stoned because he has practised
sorcery and enticed Israel [to idolatry]. Anyone who can say [anything] in
his favour, let him come forward and plead on his behalf.' But since
nothing was brought forward in his favour he was hanged on the eve of
the Passover [and the eve of Sabbath]!
John 11:55 When it was almost time for the Jewish
Passover, many went up from the country to Jerusalem
for their ceremonial cleansing before the Passover. 56
They kept looking for Jesus, and as they stood in the
temple courts they asked one another, “What do you
think? Isn’t he coming to the festival at all?”
Saturday, March 19 [post-Sabbath dinner]
John 12:1 Six days before the Passover, Jesus came to
Bethany, where Lazarus lived, whom Jesus had raised
from the dead. 2 Here a dinner was given in Jesus’ honor.
Martha served, while Lazarus was among those reclining
at the table with him. 3 Then Mary took about a pint[a] of
pure nard, an expensive perfume; she poured it on Jesus’
feet and wiped his feet with her hair. And the house was
filled with the fragrance of the perfume.
Triumphal Entry Sunday: Nisan 9 Palm Sunday, March 20 [eve of lamb-choosing]
[eve of 10th]:
Monday Nisan 10
Tuesday Doctrina Addai: “[Hananiah=Ananias, Jos. Ant. Ant 20.2.3-4] went
forth from Edessa on the fourteenth day of Adar, and entered
Hananiah @ Jerusalem on the twelfth day of Nisan, on the fourth day of the
Gamaliel’s week. And he found Christ at the house of Gamaliel, a chief of the
Jews.”
with Thomas Ardzrouni, an Armenian historian of the tenth cent.,
Christ21 with affirms Abgar's evoys belonged to the group of Gentiles who asked
representatives Philip to present them to Jesus according to John 12:20-22.
from King González thinks that Thomas surely derived these data from ancient
Agbar’s court in sources. González, Leyenda, 76 n. 19. In Acts 2:5 we read that in
Eddessa [Moses AD 29 in Jerusalem there were many Jews coming from
of Khorene, everywhere, also from Mesopotamia and Cappadocia (ibid. 2:9-12):
II.xxx-xxxi]22 it is very probable that Jews from Osrhoene too (in Mesopotamia,
near Cappadocia) visited Jerusalem in AD 29and then, back home,
Nisan 11 related what they saw and heard. For the importance of these Jews
John 12:20 who listened to Peter's first preaching in Jerusalem in relation to the
early spread of Christianity see C.P. Thiede, Ein Fisch für den
römischen Kaiser (München: Luchterhand, 1998), 120 and passim.
J.A.T. Robinson [Twelve New Testament Studies. London: SCM
Press Ltd., 1962. pp.107-125] notes: “They are Greek-speaking
Jews, of whom it is specifically stated that they had ‘come up to
worship at the feast’ (12.20) and there is no suggestion that they are
merely ‘God fearers’ or even that they had once been Gentiles. All
that we can deduce with certainty is that they spoke Greek rather
than Aramaic (and hence presumably the approach through Philip,
with his Hellenistic name and place of origin (12.21) ), and that
they were in Jerusalem for a specifically Jewish reason. In fact, the
Evangelist has already at an earlier point (7.35) equated the term
‘the Greeks’ with ‘the Dispersion among the Greeks’, that is,
Greek-speaking Diaspora Judaism.7 [‘The words m» e„j
Diaspor¦n tîn `Ell»nwn mšllei poreÚesqai kaˆ
did£skein toÝj “Ellhnaj; are unfortunately ambiguous.
‘The Diaspora of the Greeks’ could mean ‘the Greek-speaking
Diaspora’ (i.e. Jews) and ‘the Greeks’ be an abbreviated way of
referring to the same group. Or it could mean ‘the Diaspora resident
among the Greeks’, in which case ‘the Greeks’ would be Gentiles.
H. Windisch comes down in favour of the latter in TWNT (art.
“Ellhn) II, 506. But K. L. Schmidt, ibid. (art. diaspora) II, 102,
insists on leaving both possibilities open (cf. H. J. Cadbury in The
Beginnings of Christianity v (1933), 72 f.). The decision between
them can in fact only be made in the light of the Johannine context
as a whole. As there is no other reference in the Gospel or the
Epistles to a Gentile mission, the probability would seem to be in
favour of the first interpretation.] Cf. the letter of R. Gamaliel I (TJ.
Sanh. 18d) ‘to our brethren, the sons of the diaspora of Babylon, the
Sons of the diaspora of Media, the sons of the diaspora of the
Greeks, and all the rest of the dispersed of Israel’ (quoted A.
Schlatter, Der Evangelist Johannes (1930), p. 198). It is to be
observed that the phrase ‘the diaspora of the Greeks’ (where the
parallels would lead us to expect ‘the diaspora of Greece’) is
exactly that which John also uses in 7.35.

21
22
Wednesday Nisan 12
Greeks” [Greek-speaking Jews of the Diaspora] who
had an audience with Christ just prior to Passover
Maundy Thursday Nisan 13
Christ Crucified - March 25, AD 29 - Passover Friday
Resurrection Harmony

Matt 28 Mark 16 Luke 23ff John 20ff ETc

1 ¶ (AVRLE) And when the sabbath was 55 (AVRLE) And the women also, which
past,23 Mary Magdalene, and Mary the came with him from Galilee, followed
mother of James, and Salome, had bought after, and beheld the sepulchre, and how his
sweet spices,24 that they might come and body was laid. 56 And they returned, and
anoint him. prepared spices and ointments; and rested
the sabbath day according to the
commandment.
1 ¶ (AVRLE) In the end of the 2 (Rotherham) And, very early, on the first 1 ¶ (Darby) But on the morrow of the 1 ¶ (AVRLE) The first day of the week28 [The so-called Gospel of Peter has
sabbath,25 as it began to dawn of the week, they are coming towards the sabbath, very early indeed in the morning,27 cometh Mary Magdalene early, when it was επιφωσκω in the same sense as Matthew
toward the first day of the week, tomb--when, the sun, arose. 26 they came to the tomb, bringing the yet dark, unto the sepulchre, . . . and Luke as does a late papyrus]. XII. 50
came Mary Magdalene and the 3 (Douay) And they said one to another: aromatic spices which they had prepared. Now early on the Lord's day Mary
other Mary to see the sepulchre Who shall roll us back the stone from the Magdalene, a disciple (fem.) of the Lord-
door of the sepulchre? which, being afraid because of the Jews,
for they were inflamed with anger, had
not performed at the sepulchre of the
Lord those things which women are
accustomed to do unto them that die and
are 51 beloved of them-took with her the
women her friends and 52 came unto the
tomb where he was laid. And they feared
lest the Jews should see them, and said:
Even if we were not able to weep and
lament him on that day whereon he was
53 crucified, yet let us now do so at his
tomb. But who will roll away for us the
stone also that is set upon the door of the
tomb, that we may enter in and sit beside
him and perform 54 that which is due?
for the stone was great, and we fear lest
any man see us. And if we cannot do so,
yet let us cast down at the door these
things which we bring for a memorial of
him, and we will weep and lament until
we come unto our house.
2 (AVRLE) And, behold, there [[Tert Apol 21: But, lo, on the third day Ascension of Isaiah 3:13 and that He G.Pet 35 Now in the night whereon the
was a great earthquake: (σεισμος there a was a sudden shock of earthquake, should before the sabbath be crucified upon Lord's day dawned, as the soldiers were
εγενετο μεγας29 for the angel of and the stone which sealed the sepulchre the tree, and should be crucified together keeping guard two by two in every
the Lord descended from heaven, was rolled away, and the guard fled off in with wicked men, and that He should be watch, 36 there came a great sound in
and came and rolled back the terror; (apud Acts of Pilate?)]] buried in the sepulchre, 14. And the twelve the heaven, and they saw the heavens
stone from the door, and sat upon who were with Him should be offended opened and two men descend thence,
it. because of Him: and the watch of those shining with (lit. having) a great light,

23
TB "What is that, that is allowed as to the living [on the sabbath day], but as to the dead it is not? It is anointing."
24 (διαγενομενου του σαββατου). Genitive absolute, the sabbath having come in between, and now over. For this sense of the verb (common from Demosthenes on) see #Ac 25:13 27:9. It was therefore after sunset.
Bought spices (ηγορασαν αρωματα). They had returned from the tomb after the watching late Friday afternoon and had prepared spices. {#Lu 23:56} Now they secured a fresh supply.
25
οψε δε σαββατων. After the end of the week: this is the translation given by several eminent critics; and in this way the word οψε is used by the most eminent Greek writers. Thucydides, lib. iv. chap. 93, της ημερας οψε
ην—the day was ended. Plutarch, οψε των βασιλεως χρονων— after the times of the king. Philostratus οψε των τροικων—after the Trojan war. In the Jerusalem Talmudists it is in the coming forth of the sabbath; vulgarly,
in the going out of the sabbath: On a certain eve of the sabbath, namely, when the sabbath began, "there was not wine to be found in all Samaria: but at the end of the sabbath there was found abundance, because the Aramites
had brought it, and the Cuthites had received it"… [Towards the first day of the week.] The Jews reckon the days of the week thus; One day (or the first day) of the sabbath: two (or the second day) of the sabbath: "Two
witnesses come and say, The first of the sabbath this man stole, &c., and, on the second day of the sabbath, judgment passed on him."
26It was some two miles from Bethany to the tomb. Probably they started while it was still dark and the sun was coming up when they arrived at the tomb.
27 At early dawn (ορθρου βαθεος). Genitive of time. Literally, at deep dawn. The adjective βαθυς (deep) was often used of time. This very idiom occurs in Aristophanes, Plato, et cetera.
28 In all three instances also we have the genitive plural των σαββατων for "the week" as in #Ac 20:7. The singular σαββατον also occurs for "the week" as in #Lu 18:12; Mr 16:9
29 Cornelius A’Lapide dares to say: "The earth, which trembled with sorrow at the Death of Christ as it were leaped for joy at His Resurrection."
 who watched the sepulchre: 15. And the and drawing near unto the sepulchre. 37
descent of the angel of the Christian And that stone which had been set on the
Church, which is in the heavens, whom He door rolled away of itself and went back
will summon in the last days.16. And that to the side, and the sepulchre was X. 38
(Gabriel) the angel of the Holy Spirit, and opened and both of the young men
Michael, the chief of the holy angels, on entered in.
the third day will open the sepulchre: 17.
And the Beloved sitting on their shoulders
will come forth and send out His twelve
disciples.

3 (Rotherham) Now his

appearance, was, as lightning,30
and, his clothing, white as snow;31
4 (AVRLE) And for fear of him Sahidic Fragments of the Falling Asleep of Ascension of Isaiah 3:14…and the watch G.Pet: When therefore those soldiers saw
the keepers did shake, and became Mary, V: “Now as he was yet saying these of those who watched the sepulchre: that, they waked up the centurion and the
as dead men. things, a great and sweet savour was given elders [of the Jews] (for they also were
forth from the tomb of Jesus. Cleopas saw there keeping 39 watch); and while
with his eyes a figure of the Cross come they were yet telling them the things
forth from the tomb of Jesus” which they had seen, they saw again
15. And the descent of the angel of the three men come out of the sepulchre,
Christian Church, which is in the heavens, and two of them sustaining the other (lit.
Gospel of the Hebrews [Jerome de viri illust
whom He will summon in the last days.16. the 40 one), and a cross following, after
2] 'Now the Lord, when he had given the
And that (Gabriel) the angel of the Holy them. And of the two they saw that their
linen cloth unto the servant of the priest,
Spirit, and Michael, the chief of the holy heads reached unto heaven, but of him
went unto James and appeared to him (for
angels, on the third day will open the that 41 was led by them that it overpassed
James had sworn that he would not eat bread
sepulchre: 17. And the Beloved sitting on the heavens. And they 42 heard a voice
from that hour wherein he had drunk the
their shoulders will come forth and send out of the heavens saying: Hast thou (or
Lord's cup until he should see him risen
out His twelve disciples. Thou hast) preached unto them that
again from among them that sleep)', and
sleep? And an answer was heard from the
again after a little, 'Bring ye, saith the Lord,
cross, saying: Yea.
a table and bread', and immediately it is
added, 'He took bread and blessed and brake
and gave it unto James the Just and said
unto him: My brother, eat thy bread, for the
Son of Man is risen from among them that
sleep'.
4 (Douay) And looking, they saw the stone 2 (Douay) And they found the stone rolled . . . and seeth the stone taken away from G.Pet: XIII. 55 And they went and found
rolled back. For it was very great.32 5 back33 from the sepulchre. the sepulchre. the sepulchre open: and they drew near
(AVRLE) And entering into the sepulchre, and looked in there, and saw there a
they saw a young man sitting on the right young man sitting in the midst of the
side, clothed in a long white garment στολη; sepulchre, of a fair countenance and clad
and they were affrighted. (εξεθαμβηθησαν). in very bright raiment, which said unto
They were utterly (εξ in composition) them:
amazed.
5 (Rotherham) But the messenger, 6 (Darby) but he says to them, Be not G.Pet: 56 Wherefore are ye come? whom
answering, said unto the women-- alarmed. Ye seek Jesus, the Nazarene, the seek ye? not him that was crucified?
Be not, ye, afraid! For I know that, crucified one.
Jesus the crucified34, ye are
seeking:

30 Coruscations of glory continually flaming from his face.

31 Celestial beings are usually represented as clothed in white, #Ac 1:10 Da 7:9 Re 3:4 6 4:4 7:13 14.
32 For it was very great This clause should be read immediately after the third verse, according to D, three copies of the Itala, Syriac, Hier., and Eusebius. "Who shall roll us away the stone from the door of the sepulchre?

for it was very great. And when they looked, they saw that the stone was rolled away."
33 Rolled away (αποκεκυλισμενον). Perfect passive participle of αποκυλιω, late verb and in the N.T. only in this context (#Mr 16:3; Mt 28:2) while #Joh 20:1 has ηρμενον (taken away).
34 (ιησουν τον εσταυρωμενον). Perfect passive participle, state of completion. This he will always be. So Paul will preach as essential to his gospel "and this one crucified" (και τουτον εσταυρωμενον, #1Co 2:2).
6 (AVRLE) He is not here: for he He is risen, he is not here; behold the place G.Pet: He is risen and is departed; but if
is risen, as he said. Come, see the where they had put him. ye believe it not, look in and see the
place where the Lord lay. place where he lay, that he is not here:
for he is risen and is departed thither
whence he was sent..
3 (Darby) And when they had entered they
found not the body of the Lord Jesus. 4
(Rotherham) And it came to pass, while they
were perplexing themselves35 concerning
this, that lo! two men, stood near them, in
dazzling raiment. 5 (Darby) And as they
were filled with fear and bowed their faces
to the ground, they said to them, Why seek
ye the living one among the dead?36
6 (AVRLE) He is not here, but is risen:
remember how he spake unto you when he
was yet in Galilee, 6 (AVRLE) He is not
here, but is risen: remember how he
spake unto you when he was yet in
Galilee, 8 (Rotherham) And they
remembered his sayings;

7 (AVRLE) And go quickly, and 7 (Rotherham) But go your way, tell his
tell his disciples that he is risen disciples, and Peter38--He is going before
from the dead;37 and, behold, he you into Galilee: there, shall ye yourselves
goeth before you into Galilee; see him,--according as he said unto you.
there shall ye see him: lo, I have
told you.
8 (Rotherham) And, departing 8 And they went out quickly, and fled from G.Pet: 57 Then the women were
quickly from the tomb with fear the sepulchre; for they trembled and were affrighted and fled
and great joy,39 amazed: neither said they any thing to any
man; for they were afraid.

they ran to bring tidings unto his

disciples.

35
While they were perplexed thereabout (εν τω απορεισθαι αυτας περι τουτου). Luke’s common Hebraistic idiom, εν with the articular infinitive (present passive απορεισθαι from απορεω, to lose one’s way) and the
accusative of general reference. In dazzling apparel (εν εσθητι αστραπτουση). This is the correct text. This common simplex verb occurs only twice in the N.T., here and #Lu 17:24 (the Transfiguration). It has the same root
as αστραπη (lightning).
36
TB A parable. A certain priest (who had a foolish servant) went somewhere without the city. The servant seeking about for his master, goes into the place of burial, and there calls out to people standing there. ‘Did you
see my master here?’ They say unto him, ‘Is not thy master a priest?’ He said, ‘Yes.’ Then said they unto him, ‘Thou fool, who ever saw a priest among tombs?’ So say Moses and Aaron to Pharaoh; ‘Thou fool, is it the
custom to seek the dead among the living? (or perhaps the living among the dead?) Our God is the living God; but the gods of whom thou speakest are dead,’ &c.
37
There is a remarkable saying of R. Judah Hakkodesh, which some critics quote on this subject: "After THREE DAYS the SOUL of the Messiah shall RETURN to its body, and he shall GO OUT of that STONE in which he
shall be BURIED."
38
In the margin of the later Syriac version, there is a remarkable addition after verse 8; it is as follows:—And they declared briefly all that was commanded, to them that were with Peter. Afterward Jesus himself published by
them, from east to west, the holy and incorruptible preaching of eternal salvation. Amen.
39 At the mention of unexpected good news, fear and joy are generally intermingled. ——Vix sum apud me, ita animus commotus est metu, Spe, gaudio, mirando hoc tanto, tam repentino bono.TERANT. Andr. v. 945: "I am

almost beside myself, my mind is so agitated with fear, hope , and joy, at this unexpected good news."
 9 (AVRLE) And returned from the
sepulchre, and told all these things unto the
eleven, and to all the rest.
9 (AVRLE) And as they went to
tell his disciples, behold, Jesus
met them, saying, All hail. χαιρετε
40
And they came and held him by
the feet,41 and worshipped him.
10 (Rotherham) Then, Jesus saith
unto them--Be not afraid!42 Go
your way, bear tidings unto my
brethren, that they may depart into
Galilee; and, there, shall they
themselves see me.
11 ¶ (Rotherham) Now as they Dial Tim et Aquila 54.12 The Christian G.Pet: XI. 43 Those men therefore took
were, going, lo! certain of the said: Toward the first day), the faithful counsel one with another to go and report
guard,43 went into the city and people, together with his disciples, and the these things unto Pilate. And while they
reported unto the High-priests all women with the Magdalene on the first day yet thought thereabout, again the heavens
the things that had come to pass; of the week. 13 Hearing of his were opened and a 45 man descended and
resurrection, they cast aside sorrow and entered into the tomb. And they that were
received the good news of joy from the with the centurion (or the centurion and
angels first, and then from the soldiers they that were with him) when they saw
guarding the tomb. [extra-biblical that, hasted to go by night unto Pilate
tradition of guards reporting to disciples] and left the sepulchre whereon they were
keeping watch, and told all that they had
seen, and were in great agony, saying: Of
a truth he was the son of God.
12 (Rotherham) and, being
gathered together with the Elders
and taking counsel, sufficient
pieces of silver,44 gave they unto
the soldiers,--
13 (AVRLE) Saying, Say ye, His
disciples came by night, and stole
him away while we slept.
14 (AVRLE) And if this come to 46 Pilate answered and said: I am clear
the governor’s ears, [YLT] we will from the blood of 47 the son of God, but
persuade him, and you keep free thus it seemed good unto you. Then all
from anxiety.’45 they came and besought him and
exhorted him to charge the centurion and
the soldiers to tell nothing of that they
had 48 seen: For, said they, it is
expedient for us to incur the greatest sin
before God, rather than to (and not to)
fall into 49 the hands of the people of the
Jews and to be stoned. Pilate therefore
charged the centurion and the soldiers

40
[All hail.] In the vulgar dialect of the Jews, "The Rabbins saw a certain holy man of Caphar Immi, and said All hail." How do they salute an Israelite? All hail.
41 [They held him by the feet.] This seems to have been done to kiss his feet. So #2Ki 4:27. For this was not unusual: "As R. Janni and R. Jonathan were sitting together, a certain man came and kissed the feet of R.
Jonathan."
42 (μη φοβεισθε). They were still afraid for joy and embarrassment. Jesus calms their excitement by the repetition of the charge from the angel for the disciples to meet him in Galilee.
43 Probably the rest still remained at the tomb, waiting for orders to depart, and had sent these to intimate to their employers the things that had taken place.

44
The use of the plural for pieces of silver (αργυρια) is common. The papyri have many instances of ικανα for considerable (from ικανω, to reach to, attain to).
45The grammatical form of this clause implies that the thing supposed was expected to happen. The meaning then is, "If this come before the governor—as it likely will —we shall see to it that," etc. The "persuasion" of
Pilate meant, doubtless, quieting him by a bribe,
 that they should say nothing.
15 (Rotherham) And, they, taking
the pieces of silver, did as they
were instructed. And this account
was spread abroad among the
Jews…until this [[very]] day.46
10 (Rotherham) Now they were the 2 (Rotherham) She runneth, therefore, and
Magdalene Mary, and Joana, and Mary the cometh unto Simon Peter, and unto the
mother of James; and, the other women with other disciple whom Jesus dearly loved,
them, were telling, unto the apostles, these and saith unto them--They have taken away
things. the Lord out of the tomb, and WE know not
11 (AVRLE) And their words seemed to where they have laid him.
them as idle tales,48 and they believed them
not.
11 (Rotherham) And, they, hearing that he
was living, and had been looked upon by her,
disbelieved.47
12 (AVRLE) Then arose Peter, and ran 3 (AVRLE) Peter therefore went forth, and
unto the sepulchre; that other disciple, and came to the
sepulchre. 4 (AVRLE) So they ran both
together: and the other disciple did outrun
Peter, and came first to the sepulchre. 5
(Darby) and stooping down50 he sees the
linen cloths lying; he did not however go
in. 6 (AVRLE) Then cometh Simon Peter
following him, and went into the
sepulchre, and seeth the linen clothes lie, 7
(AVRLE) And the napkin, that was about
his head, not lying with the linen clothes,
and stooping down, he beheld49 the linen but wrapped together in a place by itself. 8
clothes laid by themselves, and departed, (Rotherham) Then, entered, therefore, the
wondering in himself at that which was other disciple also, who had come first unto
come to pass. the tomb, and he saw and believed.
9 (AVRLE) For as yet they knew not the
Scripture, that he must rise again from
the dead. 10 (Rotherham) The disciples,
therefore, departed again, by themselves.
9 ¶ (AVRLE) Now when Jesus was risen 11 ¶ (AVRLE) But Mary stood without at
early the first day of the week, he appeared the sepulchre weeping: and as she wept,
first to Mary Magdalene, out of whom he she stooped down, and looked into the
had cast seven devils.51 sepulchre, 12 And seeth two angels in
white sitting, the one at the head, and the
other at the feet,52 where the body of Jesus
had lain. 13 (AVRLE) And they say unto
her, Woman, why weepest thou? She saith

46
They lived up to their bargain and this lie lives on through the ages. JUSTIN MARTYR says, in his Dialogue with Trypho 108, that the Jews dispersed the story by means of special messengers [apostles] sent to every
country. Bengel: Quam laboriosum bellum mendacii contra veritatem.
47
Disbelieved (ηπιστησαν). This verb is common in the ancient Greek, but rare in the N.T. and here again verse #Mr 16:16 and nowhere else in Mark.
48
As idle talk (ως ληρος). Old word for nonsense, only here in the N.T. Medical writers used it for the wild talk of those in delirium or hysteria.
49 Stooping and looking in (παρακυψας). First aorist active participle of παρακυπτω, to stoop besides and peer into.
50 Stooping and looking in (παρακυψας). Originally to stoop and look, but in the LXX (#Ge 26:8; Jud 5:28; 1Ki 6:4, etc.) and the papyri rather just to peep in and so Field (Ot. Norv.) urges here. Standing within the cave, he

bowed himself to look down into the place where the body was laid, which was four cubits lower than the floor of the cave itself. See Bava Bathra about places of burial;
51 This description of Mary Magdalene is like that in #Lu 8:2 and seems strange in Mark at this point, described as a new character here, though mentioned by Mark three times just before. {#Mr 15:40,47 16:1} The

appearance to Mary Magdalene is given in full by #Joh 20:11-18.

52 [The one at the head, and the other at the feet.] So were the cherubims placed at each end of the mercy seat, #Ex 25:18,19. As to those cherubims that were in Solomon’s Temple, #2Ch 3:10, I cannot but by the way

observe what I meet with in Bava Bathra: "Onkelos the proselyte saith, ‘The cherubims are like children going from their master.’"
 unto them, Because they have taken away
my Lord, and I know not where they have
laid him. 14 (AVRLE) And when she had
thus said, she turned herself back, and saw
Jesus standing, and knew not that it was
Jesus. 15 (AVRLE) Jesus saith unto her,
Woman, why weepest thou? whom seekest
thou? She, supposing him to be the
gardener, saith unto him, Sir, if thou have
borne him hence, tell me where thou hast
laid him, and I will take him away. 16
10 (WEY) She went and brought the tidings Jesus saith unto her, Mary. She turned
to those who had been with Him, as they herself, and saith unto him, Rabboni; which
were mourning and weeping. is to say, Master.[[After Mary’s
exclamation of Rabboni, one MS., the later
Syriac, Syriac Hieros., and three copies of
the Itala, add και προσεδραμεν αθασθαι
αυτου, And she ran to embrace, or cling to
him]]
17 (Rotherham) Jesus saith unto her--Be
not detaining me53, for, not yet, have I
ascended unto the Father; but be going
unto my disciples, and say unto them--I
am ascending unto my Father and your
Father, and my God and your God. 18 [[G.Pet: XV. 58 Now it was the last day
(AVRLE) Mary Magdalene came and told of unleavened bread, and many were
the disciples that she had seen the Lord, coming forth of the city and returning
and that he had spoken these things unto unto their 59 own homes because the
her. feast was at an end. But we, the twelve
disciples of the Lord, were weeping and
were in sorrow, and each one being
grieved for that which had befallen 60
departed unto his own house]]
12 (Rotherham) But, after these things, unto 13 ¶ And lo! two from among them, on the
two from among them, as they were walking, selfsame day, were journeying unto a
was he manifested, in a different form,54 as village, distant sixty furlongs from
they were going unto a country place; Jerusalem, the name of which, was
Emmaus; 14 and, they, were conversing
one with another, about all these things
which had occurred. 15 And it came to
pass, as they were conversing and reasoning
together, that, Jesus himself, drawing near,
was journeying with them; 16 but, their
eyes, were held, so as not to know him. 17
And he said unto them--What are these
things which ye are debating one with
another, as ye walk along? And they came
to a stand, sad in countenance. 18 But one,
by name Cleopas, answering, said unto him-
-Art, thou, lodging, alone, in Jerusalem, and
knowest not the things which have come to
pass therein in these days? 19 And he said
unto them--What things? And, they, said

53 Verse 17. Touch me not μη μου απτου, Cling not to me. απτομαι has this sense in #Job 31:7, where the Septuagint use it for the Hebrew dabak, which signifies to cleave, cling, stick, or be glued to. From #Mt 28:9, it
appears that some of the women held him by the feet and worshipped him.
54 In another form (εν ετερα μορφη). It was not a μεταμορφωσις or transfiguration like that described in #Mr 9:2 In a form unlike his ordinary appearance, so much so that they did not at first know him.
 unto him--The things concerning Jesus the
Nazarene, who became a prophet, mighty in
work and word, before God and all the
people: 20 In what way also our High-
priests and Rulers delivered him up unto a
sentence of death, and crucified him. 21
We, however, were hoping that, he, was the
one destined to redeem Israel! But indeed,
even with all these things, this brings on, the
third, day, since these things happened:-- 22
Nay! certain women also, from amongst us,
have made us beside ourselves, in that they
went early unto the tomb;
23 and, not finding his body, came, saying--
that, a vision of angels, they had seen, who
were affirming him to be alive. 24 And
certain of them who were with us
departed unto the tomb,--and found so,
according as, the women, had said; but,
him, they saw not. 25 And, he, said unto
them--O thoughtless ones! and slow in heart
to rest your faith upon all things which the
prophets have spoken:-- 26 Was it not
needful for the Christ, these very things, to
suffer, and to enter into his glory? 27 And,
beginning from Moses, and from all the
prophets, he thoroughly explained to them,
in all the Scriptures, the things concerning
himself. 28 And they drew near unto the
village, whither they were journeying; and,
he, made for journeying, further. 29 And
they constrained him, saying--Abide with
us; because it is, towards evening, and the
day hath already declined. And he went in to
abide with them.
30 And it came to pass, when he reclined
with them, taking the loaf, he blessed, and,
breaking it, went on to give unto them. 31
And, their, eyes were opened, and they
knew him; and, he, vanished from them. 32
And they said one to another--Was not, our
heart, burning, as he was speaking to us in
the way, as he was opening to us the
Scriptures?
13 (Rotherham) and, they, departing, bare 33 And, arising in that very hour, they
tidings unto the rest,--but, even them, they returned unto Jerusalem,--and found,
believed not. gathered together, the eleven, and them who
were with them, 34 saying--In truth, the
Lord hath arisen, and hath appeared unto
Simon! 35 And, they, went on to relate the
things, that had passed on the journey, and
how he was made known unto them in the
breaking of the loaf.
14 ¶ (Noyes) Afterward he manifested 36 ¶ (AVRLE) And as they thus spake, 19 ¶ (AVRLE) Then the same day at
himself to the eleven themselves, as they Jesus himself stood in the midst of them, evening, being the first day of the week,
were reclining at table, and saith unto them, Peace be unto you. when the doors were shut where the
disciples were assembled for fear of the
Jews, came Jesus and stood in the midst,
 and saith unto them, Peace be unto you.
37 (Rotherham) But, being agitated and
becoming, afraid, they began to imagine,
that, upon a spirit,55 they were looking.
38 (Rotherham) And he said unto them--
Why are ye troubled? and for what cause
do reasonings arise in your hearts?
and upbraided them with their unbelief and 39 (AVRLE) Behold my hands and my
hardness of heart, because they did not feet, that it is I myself: handle me, and
believe those who had seen him after he had see; for a spirit hath not flesh and bones,56
risen. as ye see me have.
40 (AVRLE) And when he had thus 20 (AVRLE) And when he had so said, he
spoken, he shewed them his hands and his shewed unto them his hands and his side.
feet. 41 And while they yet believed not for Then were the disciples glad, when they
joy, [—as we phrase it, they thought the saw the Lord.
news too good to be true.] and wondered, he
said unto them, Have ye here any meat?57
42 And they gave him a piece of a broiled
fish, and of an honeycomb. 43 (Douay) And
when he had eaten before them, taking the
remains, he gave to them.
44 (AVRLE) And he said unto them, These
are the words which I spake unto you,
while I was yet with you, that all things
must be fulfilled, which were written in
the law of Moses, and in the prophets, and
in the psalms, concerning me. 45
(Rotherham) Then, opened he their mind, to
understand the Scriptures; 46 And said unto
them, Thus it is written, and thus it
behoved Christ to suffer, and to rise from
the dead the third day:
16 ¶ (Rotherham) And, the eleven
disciples, went into Galilee, unto
the mountain which, Jesus, had
appointed58 them;
17 (YLT) and having seen him, St. Jerome mentions certain Greek copies,
they bowed to him, but some did which have the following remarkable
waver. addition to #Mr 16:14, after these words—
and reproached them for their unbelief and
hardness of heart, because they did not
believe those who had seen him after he was
raised up: Et illi satisfaciebant dicentes:
seculum istud iniquitatis et incredulitatis
substantia est, quae non sinit per immundos
spiritus verem Dei apprehendi virtutem.
Idcirco, jam nunc revela justitiam tuam.
"And they confessed the charge, saying:

55 And supposed that they had seen a spirit. But if there be no such thing as a disembodied spirit, would not our Lord have shown them their error? Instead of this, he confirms them in their opinion, by saying, A spirit hath
not flesh and bones as you see me have, {#Lu 24:39}; therefore he says, handle me and see me.
56 —He says not "flesh and blood"; for the blood is the life of the animal and corruptible body (#Ge 9:4), which "cannot inherit the kingdom of God" (#1Co 15:50); but "flesh and bones," implying the identity, but with

diversity of laws, of the resurrection body. (See on #Joh 20:24-28).

57 Anything to eat (βρωσιμον). Only here in the N.T., though an old word from βιβρωσκω, to eat.
58 This appointment is recorded in #Mt 26:32. That the interview here recorded was the same as that referred to in one place only—#1Co 15:6 —when "He was seen of above five hundred brethren at once; of whom the

greater part remained unto that day, though some were fallen asleep," is now the opinion of the ablest students of the evangelical history. Nothing can account for such a number as five hundred assembling at one spot
but the expectation of some promised manifestation of their risen Lord: and the promise before His resurrection, twice repeated after it, best explains this immense gathering.
 This age is the substance of iniquity and
unbelief, which, through the influence of
impure spirits, does not permit the true
influence of God to be apprehended.
Therefore, even now, reveal thy
righteousness."
18 (YLT) And having come
near,59 Jesus spake to them,
saying, ‘Given to me was all
authority in heaven and on
earth;
19 (Rotherham) Go ye, 15 (AVRLE) And he said unto them, Go ye 47 (Rotherham) And that repentance for 21 (AVRLE) Then said Jesus to them
therefore, and disciple all the into all the world, and preach the gospel remission of sins should be proclaimed again, Peace be unto you: as my Father
nations, κηρυξατε το ευαγγελιον to every creature.61 upon his name unto all the nations,-- hath sent me, even so send I you. 22 And
beginning from Jerusalem. when he had said this, he breathed on
them,62 and saith unto them, Receive ye the
Holy Ghost: 23 Whose soever sins ye
Immersing them into60 the name remit, they are remitted unto them; and
of the Father, and of the Son, 16 (AVRLE) He that believeth and is whose soever sins ye retain, they are
and of the Holy Spirit,-- baptized shall be saved; but he that retained.
believeth not shall be damned.
24 (AVRLE) But Thomas, one of the
twelve, called Didymus, was not with them
when Jesus came. 25 (Rotherham) The
other disciples, therefore, were saying unto
him--We have seen the Lord! But, he, said
unto them--Except I see, in his hands, the
print of the nails, and press my finger into
the print of the nails, and press my hand
into his side, in nowise will I believe.
26 ¶ (AVRLE) And after eight days again XV. 58 Now it was the last day of
his disciples were within, and Thomas with unleavened bread, and many were
them: then came Jesus, the doors being coming forth of the city and returning
shut, and stood in the midst, and said, unto their 59 own homes because the
Peace be unto you. 27 Then saith he to feast was at an end. But we, the twelve
Thomas, Reach hither thy finger, and disciples of the Lord, were weeping and
behold my hands; and reach hither thy were in sorrow, and each one being
hand, and thrust it into my side: and be grieved for that which had befallen
not faithless, but believing. 28 And
Thomas answered and said unto him, My
Lord and my God.
17 (Darby) And these signs shall follow 29 (AVRLE) Jesus saith unto him,
those that have believed: in my name they Thomas, because thou hast seen me, thou
shall cast out demons; they shall speak hast believed: blessed are they that have
with new tongues; 18 (AVRLE) They shall not seen, and yet have believed.66
take up serpents;63 and if they drink any
deadly thing,64 it shall not hurt them;65 they

59
(πασα εξουσια). Jesus came close to them (προσελθων) and made this astounding claim. Hath been given (εδοθη) is a timeless aorist (Robertson, Grammar, pp. 836f.). It is the sublimist of all spectacles to see the Risen
Christ without money or army or state charging this band of five hundred men and women with world conquest and bringing them to believe it possible and to undertake it with serious passion and power.
60 "into the name"; as in #1Co 10:2, "And were all baptized unto (or rather ‘into’) Moses"; and #Ga 3:27, "For as many of you as have been baptized into Christ."
61 To every creature, a manner of speech most common among the Jews:
62 It was a symbolic art with the same word used in the LXX when God breathed the breath of life upon Adam (#Ge 2:7). It occurs also in #Eze 37:9
63 Several MSS. add ενταις χερσιν, in their hands .This was literally fulfilled when Paul shook the viper from his hand. See #Ac 28:5,6. Lu 10:19 Lo! I have given you the authority--to be treading upon serpents and scorpions,

and over all the power of the enemy, and, nothing, unto you, shall in anywise do harm;
64 (καν θανασιμον τι πιωσιν). This is the only N.T. instance of the old Greek word θανασιμος (deadly). #Jas 3:8 has θανατηφορος, deathbearing.
65
There is a similar promise in #Isa 43:2. Lu 10:19 Lo! I have given you the authority--to be treading upon serpents and scorpions, and over all the power of the enemy, and, nothing, unto you, shall in anywise do harm;
 shall lay hands on the sick, and they shall
recover.
[[16 ¶ (Rotherham) And, the [[40 (AVRLE) And when he had thus 1 ¶ After these things Jesus shewed G.Pet: 15.60 departed unto his own
eleven disciples, went into spoken, he shewed them his hands and his himself again to the disciples at the sea of house. . But I, Simon Peter, and Andrew
Galilee, unto the mountain which, feet. 41 And while they yet believed not for Tiberias; and on this wise shewed he my brother, took our nets and went unto
Jesus, had appointed67 them;]] joy, [—as we phrase it, they thought the himself. 2 There were together Simon the sea: and there was with us Levi the
news too good to be true.] and wondered, he Peter, and Thomas called Didymus, and son of Alphaeus, whom the Lord
said unto them, Have ye here any meat?68 Nathanael of Cana in Galilee, and the sons
42 And they gave him a piece of a broiled of Zebedee, and two other of his disciples.
fish, and of an honeycomb. 43 (Douay) And 3 Simon Peter saith unto them, I go a
when he had eaten before them, taking the fishing. They say unto him, We also go
remains, he gave to them.]] with thee. They went forth, and entered into
a ship immediately; and that night they
caught nothing. 4 But when the morning
was now come, Jesus stood on the shore:
but the disciples knew not that it was Jesus.
5 Then Jesus saith unto them, Children,
have ye any meat? They answered him,
No. 6 And he said unto them, Cast the net
on the right side of the ship, and ye shall
find. They cast therefore, and now they
were not able to draw it for the multitude of
fishes. 7 Therefore that disciple whom
Jesus loved saith unto Peter, It is the Lord.
Now when Simon Peter heard that it was
the Lord, he girt his fisher’s coat unto him,
(for he was naked,) and did cast himself
into the sea. 8 And the other disciples
came in a little ship; (for they were not far
from land, but as it were two hundred
cubits,) dragging the net with fishes. 9 As
soon then as they were come to land, they
saw a fire of coals there, and fish laid
thereon, and bread. 10 Jesus saith unto
them, Bring of the fish which ye have
now caught. 11 Simon Peter went up, and
drew the net to land full of great fishes, an
hundred and fifty and three: and for all
there were so many, yet was not the net
broken. 12 Jesus saith unto them, Come
and dine. And none of the disciples durst
ask him, Who art thou? knowing that it was
the Lord. 13 Jesus then cometh, and taketh
bread, and giveth them, and fish likewise.
14 This is now the third time that Jesus
shewed himself to his disciples, after that
he was risen from the dead. 15 ¶ So when
they had dined, Jesus saith to Simon Peter,
Simon, son of Jonas, lovest thou me

66
Rab. Tanchum: "Rab. Simeon ben Lachesh saith, The proselyte is more beloved by the holy blessed God than that whole crowd that stood before Mount Sinai; for unless they had heard the thundering, and seen the flames
and lightning, the hills trembling, and the trumpets sounding, they had not received the law. But the proselyte hath seen nothing of all this, and yet he hath come in, devoting himself to the holy blessed God, and hath taken
upon him (the yoke of) the kingdom of heaven."
67 This appointment is recorded in #Mt 26:32. That the interview here recorded was the same as that referred to in one place only—#1Co 15:6 —when "He was seen of above five hundred brethren at once; of whom the

greater part remained unto that day, though some were fallen asleep," is now the opinion of the ablest students of the evangelical history. Nothing can account for such a number as five hundred assembling at one spot
but the expectation of some promised manifestation of their risen Lord: and the promise before His resurrection, twice repeated after it, best explains this immense gathering.
68 Anything to eat (βρωσιμον). Only here in the N.T., though an old word from βιβρωσκω, to eat.
 more than these? He saith unto him, Yea,
Lord; thou knowest that I love thee. He
saith unto him, Feed my lambs. 16 He
saith to him again the second time, Simon,
son of Jonas, lovest thou me? He saith
unto him, Yea, Lord; thou knowest that I
love thee. He saith unto him, Feed my
sheep. 17 He saith unto him the third time,
Simon, son of Jonas, lovest thou me?
Peter was grieved because he said unto him
the third time, Lovest thou me? And he said
unto him, Lord, thou knowest all things;
thou knowest that I love thee. Jesus saith
unto him, Feed my sheep. 18 Verily,
verily, I say unto thee, When thou wast
young, thou girdedst thyself, and
walkedst whither thou wouldest: but
when thou shalt be old, thou shalt stretch
forth thy hands, and another shall gird
thee, and carry thee whither thou
wouldest not. 19 This spake he, signifying
by what death he should glorify God. And
when he had spoken this, he saith unto him,
Follow me. 20 ¶ Then Peter, turning
about, seeth the disciple whom Jesus loved
following; which also leaned on his breast
at supper, and said, Lord, which is he that
betrayeth thee? 21 Peter seeing him saith
to Jesus, Lord, and what shall this man do?
22 Jesus saith unto him, If I will that he
tarry till I come, what is that to thee?
follow thou me. 23 Then went this saying
abroad among the brethren, that that
disciple should not die: yet Jesus said not
unto him, He shall not die; but, If I will that
he tarry till I come, what is that to thee?
20. (YLT) teaching them to 48 (AVRLE) And ye are witnesses of 4 (AVRLE) And, being assembled ACTS 1: 3 (AVRLE) To whom also he
observe all, whatever I did these things. 49 And, behold, I send the together70 with them, commanded them that shewed himself alive after his passion71
command you; and lo, I am with promise of my Father upon you: but they should not depart from Jerusalem, but by many infallible proofs,72 being seen of
you all the days69—till the full tarry ye in the city of Jerusalem, until ye wait for the promise of the Father, which, them forty days, and speaking of the
end of the age.’ be endued with power from on high. saith he, ye have heard of me. things pertaining to the kingdom of God:

In the MSS. and versions there are

various subscriptions, or
epigraphs, to this Gospel: the
following are the principal:—

"The Gospel according to

69 και ιδου εγω μεθυμων ειμι πασας τας ημερας—literally, Behold, I am with you every day
70 Being assembled together with them (συναλιζομενος). Present passive participle from συναλιζω, an old verb in Herodotus, Xenophon, etc., from sun, with, and αλιζω, from αλης, crowded. The margin of both the
Authorized and the Revised Versions has "eating with them" as if from συν and αλς (salt). Salt was the mark of hospitality. There is the verb αλισθητε εν αυτω used by Ignatius Ad Magnes. X, "Be ye salted in him." But it is
more than doubtful if that is the idea here though the Vulgate does have convescens illis "eating with them," as if that was the common habit of Jesus during the forty days.
71 After his passion (μετα το παθειν αυτον). Neat Greek idiom, μετα with the articular infinitive (second aorist active of πασχω) and the accusative of general reference, "after the suffering as to him." For παθειν used

absolutely of Christ’s suffering see also #Ac 17:3; 26:23

72
Luke does not hesitate to apply the definite word "proofs" to the evidence for the Resurrection of Christ after full investigation on the part of this scientific historian. Aristotle makes a distinction between τεκμηριον (proof)
and σημειον (sign) as does Galen the medical writer.
Matthew—written by him in
Jerusalem —in Palestine—in the
east—in the Hebrew dialect—in
Hebrew —eight years after the
ascension of Christ—interpreted
by John—by James the brother of
the Lord."

The subscription in some copies

of the Arabic version is very full:
"The end of the copy of the
Gospel of Matthew the Apostle.
He wrote it in the land of
Palestine, by inspiration of the
Holy Spirit, in the Hebrew tongue,
eight years after the bodily
ascension of Jesus the Messiah
into heaven, in the first year of the
reign of Claudius Caesar, king of
Rome."
50 ¶ (Rotherham) And he led them forth as
far as unto Bethany; and, uplifting his
hands, he blessed them. 51 (AVRLE) And
it came to pass, while he blessed them, he
was parted from them, and carried up into
heaven.
19 ¶ (AVRLE) So then after the Lord had
spoken unto them, he was received up into 52 (AVRLE) And they worshipped him,
heaven, and sat on the right hand of God.73 and returned to Jerusalem with great joy:
53 (AVRLE) And were continually in the
temple, praising and blessing God. Amen.

20 (AVRLE) And they went forth, and

preached every where, the Lord working
with them,74 and confirming the word with
signs following. Amen.

There are various subscriptions to this book

in the MSS. and versions; the principal are
the following: "The holy Gospel according to
Mark is ended written by him—in EGYPT—
in ROME—in the Latin tongue-directed by
Peter the 10th-12th year after the ascension
of Christ—preached in Alexandria, and all
its coasts."

73 In that exalted attitude He appeared to Stephen (#Ac 7:55,56); and it is thereafter perpetually referred to as His proper condition in glory. Ro 8:34 Eph 1:20 Col 3:1 Heb 1:3 8:1 10:12 12:2 1Pe 3:22 Re 3:21}
74 The Lord working with them (του κυριου συνεργουντος). Genitive absolute. This participle not in Gospels elsewhere nor is βεβαιουντος nor the compound επακολουθουντων, all in Paul’s Epistles. πανταχου once in Luke.
Resurrection Harmony

Matt 28 Mark 16 Luke 23ff John 20ff ETc

55 (AVRLE) And the women also,
which came with him from Galilee,
followed after, and beheld the
sepulchre, and how his body was
laid. 56 And they returned, and
prepared spices and ointments; and
rested the sabbath day according to
the commandment.
1 ¶ (AVRLE) In the end of the 1 ¶ (AVRLE) And when the sabbath 1 ¶ (Darby) But on the morrow of 1 ¶ (AVRLE) The first day of the [The so-called Gospel of Peter has
sabbath,75 as it began to dawn toward was past,76 Mary Magdalene, and the sabbath, very early indeed in the week80 cometh Mary Magdalene επιφωσκω in the same sense as
the first day of the week, came Mary Mary the mother of James, and morning,79 they came to the tomb, early, when it was yet dark, unto the Matthew and Luke as does a late
Magdalene and the other Mary to see Salome, had bought sweet spices,77 bringing the aromatic spices which sepulchre, . . . papyrus]. XII. 50 Now early on the
the sepulchre that they might come and anoint they had prepared. Lord's day Mary Magdalene, a
him. disciple (fem.) of the Lord-which,
2 (Rotherham) And, very early, on being afraid because of the Jews, for
the first of the week, they are coming they were inflamed with anger, had
towards the tomb--when, the sun, not performed at the sepulchre of the
arose. 78 Lord those things which women are
3 (Douay) And they said one to accustomed to do unto them that die
another: Who shall roll us back the and are 51 beloved of them-took with
stone from the door of the sepulchre? her the women her friends and 52
came unto the tomb where he was
laid. And they feared lest the Jews
should see them, and said: Even if we
were not able to weep and lament
him on that day whereon he was 53
crucified, yet let us now do so at his
tomb. But who will roll away for us
the stone also that is set upon the
door of the tomb, that we may enter
in and sit beside him and perform 54
that which is due? for the stone was
great, and we fear lest any man see
us. And if we cannot do so, yet let us
cast down at the door these things
which we bring for a memorial of
him, and we will weep and lament
until we come unto our house.
2 (AVRLE) And, behold, there was [[Tert Apol 21: But, lo, on the third Ascension of Isaiah 3:13 and that He G.Pet 35 Now in the night whereon
a great earthquake: (σεισμος εγενετο day there a was a sudden shock of should before the sabbath be the Lord's day dawned, as the
μεγας81 for the angel of the Lord earthquake, and the stone which crucified upon the tree, and should be soldiers were keeping guard two by

75
οψε δε σαββατων. After the end of the week: this is the translation given by several eminent critics; and in this way the word οψε is used by the most eminent Greek writers. Thucydides, lib. iv. chap. 93, της ημερας οψε
ην—the day was ended. Plutarch, οψε των βασιλεως χρονων— after the times of the king. Philostratus οψε των τροικων—after the Trojan war. In the Jerusalem Talmudists it is in the coming forth of the sabbath; vulgarly,
in the going out of the sabbath: On a certain eve of the sabbath, namely, when the sabbath began, "there was not wine to be found in all Samaria: but at the end of the sabbath there was found abundance, because the Aramites
had brought it, and the Cuthites had received it"… [Towards the first day of the week.] The Jews reckon the days of the week thus; One day (or the first day) of the sabbath: two (or the second day) of the sabbath: "Two
witnesses come and say, The first of the sabbath this man stole, &c., and, on the second day of the sabbath, judgment passed on him."
76 TB "What is that, that is allowed as to the living [on the sabbath day], but as to the dead it is not? It is anointing."
77 (διαγενομενου του σαββατου). Genitive absolute, the sabbath having come in between, and now over. For this sense of the verb (common from Demosthenes on) see #Ac 25:13 27:9. It was therefore after sunset.

Bought spices (ηγορασαν αρωματα). They had returned from the tomb after the watching late Friday afternoon and had prepared spices. {#Lu 23:56} Now they secured a fresh supply.
78It was some two miles from Bethany to the tomb. Probably they started while it was still dark and the sun was coming up when they arrived at the tomb.
79 At early dawn (ορθρου βαθεος). Genitive of time. Literally, at deep dawn. The adjective βαθυς (deep) was often used of time. This very idiom occurs in Aristophanes, Plato, et cetera.
80 In all three instances also we have the genitive plural των σαββατων for "the week" as in #Ac 20:7. The singular σαββατον also occurs for "the week" as in #Lu 18:12; Mr 16:9
81 Cornelius A’Lapide dares to say: "The earth, which trembled with sorrow at the Death of Christ as it were leaped for joy at His Resurrection."
descended from heaven, and came sealed the sepulchre was rolled away, crucified together with wicked men, two in every watch, 36 there came a
and rolled back the stone from the and the guard fled off in terror; and that He should be buried in the great sound in the heaven, and they
door, and sat upon it. (apud Acts of Pilate?)]] sepulchre, 14. And the twelve who saw the heavens opened and two
were with Him should be offended men descend thence, shining with
because of Him: and the watch of (lit. having) a great light, and
those who watched the sepulchre: drawing near unto the sepulchre. 37
15. And the descent of the angel of And that stone which had been set on
the Christian Church, which is in the the door rolled away of itself and
heavens, whom He will summon in went back to the side, and the
the last days.16. And that (Gabriel) sepulchre was X. 38 opened and both
the angel of the Holy Spirit, and of the young men entered in.
Michael, the chief of the holy angels,
on the third day will open the
sepulchre: 17. And the Beloved
sitting on their shoulders will come
forth and send out His twelve
disciples.

3 (Rotherham) Now his appearance,

was, as lightning,82 and, his clothing,
white as snow;83
4 (AVRLE) And for fear of him the Sahidic Fragments of the Falling Ascension of Isaiah 3:14…and the G.Pet: When therefore those soldiers
keepers did shake, and became as Asleep of Mary, V: “Now as he was watch of those who watched the saw that, they waked up the
dead men. yet saying these things, a great and sepulchre: centurion and the elders [of the
sweet savour was given forth from Jews] (for they also were there
the tomb of Jesus. Cleopas saw with keeping 39 watch); and while they
his eyes a figure of the Cross come were yet telling them the things
forth from the tomb of Jesus” which they had seen, they saw again
15. And the descent of the angel of three men come out of the
the Christian Church, which is in the sepulchre, and two of them
Gospel of the Hebrews [Jerome de
heavens, whom He will summon in sustaining the other (lit. the 40 one),
viri illust 2] 'Now the Lord, when he
the last days.16. And that (Gabriel) and a cross following, after them.
had given the linen cloth unto the
the angel of the Holy Spirit, and And of the two they saw that their
servant of the priest, went unto
Michael, the chief of the holy angels, heads reached unto heaven, but of
James and appeared to him (for
on the third day will open the him that 41 was led by them that it
James had sworn that he would not
sepulchre: 17. And the Beloved overpassed the heavens. And they 42
eat bread from that hour wherein he
sitting on their shoulders will come heard a voice out of the heavens
had drunk the Lord's cup until he
forth and send out His twelve saying: Hast thou (or Thou hast)
should see him risen again from
disciples. preached unto them that sleep? And
among them that sleep)', and again
an answer was heard from the cross,
after a little, 'Bring ye, saith the Lord,
saying: Yea.
a table and bread', and immediately it
is added, 'He took bread and blessed
and brake and gave it unto James the
Just and said unto him: My brother,
eat thy bread, for the Son of Man is
risen from among them that sleep'.
4 (Douay) And looking, they saw the 2 (Douay) And they found the stone . . . and seeth the stone taken away G.Pet: XIII. 55 And they went and
stone rolled back. For it was very rolled back85 from the sepulchre. from the sepulchre. found the sepulchre open: and they
great.84 5 (AVRLE) And entering drew near and looked in there, and
into the sepulchre, they saw a young saw there a young man sitting in the
man sitting on the right side, clothed midst of the sepulchre, of a fair

82 Coruscations of glory continually flaming from his face.

83 Celestial beings are usually represented as clothed in white, #Ac 1:10 Da 7:9 Re 3:4 6 4:4 7:13 14.
84 For it was very great This clause should be read immediately after the third verse, according to D, three copies of the Itala, Syriac, Hier., and Eusebius. "Who shall roll us away the stone from the door of the sepulchre?

for it was very great. And when they looked, they saw that the stone was rolled away."
85 Rolled away (αποκεκυλισμενον). Perfect passive participle of αποκυλιω, late verb and in the N.T. only in this context (#Mr 16:3; Mt 28:2) while #Joh 20:1 has ηρμενον (taken away).
 in a long white garment στολη; and countenance and clad in very bright
they were affrighted. raiment, which said unto them:
(εξεθαμβηθησαν). They were utterly
(εξ in composition) amazed.
5 (Rotherham) But the messenger, 6 (Darby) but he says to them, Be G.Pet: 56 Wherefore are ye come?
answering, said unto the women--Be not alarmed. Ye seek Jesus, the whom seek ye? not him that was
not, ye, afraid! For I know that, Jesus Nazarene, the crucified one. crucified?
the crucified86, ye are seeking:
6 (AVRLE) He is not here: for he is He is risen, he is not here; behold the G.Pet: He is risen and is departed;
risen, as he said. Come, see the place place where they had put him. but if ye believe it not, look in and
where the Lord lay. see the place where he lay, that he
is not here: for he is risen and is
departed thither whence he was sent..
3 (Darby) And when they had
entered they found not the body of
the Lord Jesus. 4 (Rotherham) And
it came to pass, while they were
perplexing themselves87 concerning
this, that lo! two men, stood near
them, in dazzling raiment. 5 (Darby)
And as they were filled with fear and
bowed their faces to the ground, they
said to them, Why seek ye the living
one among the dead?88
6 (AVRLE) He is not here, but is
risen: remember how he spake unto
you when he was yet in Galilee, 6
(AVRLE) He is not here, but is
risen: remember how he spake
unto you when he was yet in
Galilee, 8 (Rotherham) And they
remembered his sayings;

7 (AVRLE) And go quickly, and tell 7 (Rotherham) But go your way, tell
his disciples that he is risen from the his disciples, and Peter90--He is
dead;89 and, behold, he goeth before going before you into Galilee: there,
you into Galilee; there shall ye see shall ye yourselves see him,--
him: lo, I have told you. according as he said unto you.
8 (Rotherham) And, departing 8 And they went out quickly, and G.Pet: 57 Then the women were
quickly from the tomb with fear and fled from the sepulchre; for they affrighted and fled
great joy,91 trembled and were amazed: neither
said they any thing to any man; for

86 (ιησουν τον εσταυρωμενον). Perfect passive participle, state of completion. This he will always be. So Paul will preach as essential to his gospel "and this one crucified" (και τουτον εσταυρωμενον, #1Co 2:2).
87
While they were perplexed thereabout (εν τω απορεισθαι αυτας περι τουτου). Luke’s common Hebraistic idiom, εν with the articular infinitive (present passive απορεισθαι from απορεω, to lose one’s way) and the
accusative of general reference. In dazzling apparel (εν εσθητι αστραπτουση). This is the correct text. This common simplex verb occurs only twice in the N.T., here and #Lu 17:24 (the Transfiguration). It has the same root
as αστραπη (lightning).
88
TB A parable. A certain priest (who had a foolish servant) went somewhere without the city. The servant seeking about for his master, goes into the place of burial, and there calls out to people standing there. ‘Did you
see my master here?’ They say unto him, ‘Is not thy master a priest?’ He said, ‘Yes.’ Then said they unto him, ‘Thou fool, who ever saw a priest among tombs?’ So say Moses and Aaron to Pharaoh; ‘Thou fool, is it the
custom to seek the dead among the living? (or perhaps the living among the dead?) Our God is the living God; but the gods of whom thou speakest are dead,’ &c.
89
There is a remarkable saying of R. Judah Hakkodesh, which some critics quote on this subject: "After THREE DAYS the SOUL of the Messiah shall RETURN to its body, and he shall GO OUT of that STONE in which he
shall be BURIED."
90
In the margin of the later Syriac version, there is a remarkable addition after verse 8; it is as follows:—And they declared briefly all that was commanded, to them that were with Peter. Afterward Jesus himself published by
them, from east to west, the holy and incorruptible preaching of eternal salvation. Amen.
91 At the mention of unexpected good news, fear and joy are generally intermingled. ——Vix sum apud me, ita animus commotus est metu, Spe, gaudio, mirando hoc tanto, tam repentino bono.TERANT. Andr. v. 945: "I am

almost beside myself, my mind is so agitated with fear, hope , and joy, at this unexpected good news."
 they were afraid.

they ran to bring tidings unto his

disciples.

9 (AVRLE) And returned from the

sepulchre, and told all these things
unto the eleven, and to all the rest.
9 (AVRLE) And as they went to tell
his disciples, behold, Jesus met them,
saying, All hail. χαιρετε 92And they
came and held him by the feet,93 and
worshipped him.
10 (Rotherham) Then, Jesus saith
unto them--Be not afraid!94 Go your
way, bear tidings unto my brethren,
that they may depart into Galilee;
and, there, shall they themselves see
me.
11 ¶ (Rotherham) Now as they were, Dial Tim et Aquila 54.12 The G.Pet: XI. 43 Those men therefore
going, lo! certain of the guard,95 Christian said: Toward the first day), took counsel one with another to go
went into the city and reported unto the faithful people, together with his and report these things unto Pilate.
the High-priests all the things that disciples, and the women with the And while they yet thought
had come to pass; Magdalene on the first day of the thereabout, again the heavens were
week. 13 Hearing of his resurrection, opened and a 45 man descended and
they cast aside sorrow and received entered into the tomb. And they that
the good news of joy from the angels were with the centurion (or the
first, and then from the soldiers centurion and they that were with
guarding the tomb. [extra-biblical him) when they saw that, hasted to
tradition of guards reporting to go by night unto Pilate and left the
disciples] sepulchre whereon they were keeping
watch, and told all that they had seen,
and were in great agony, saying: Of a
truth he was the son of God.
12 (Rotherham) and, being gathered
together with the Elders and taking
counsel, sufficient pieces of silver,96
gave they unto the soldiers,--
13 (AVRLE) Saying, Say ye, His
disciples came by night, and stole
him away while we slept.
14 (AVRLE) And if this come to the 46 Pilate answered and said: I am
governor’s ears, [YLT] we will clear from the blood of 47 the son of

92
[All hail.] In the vulgar dialect of the Jews, "The Rabbins saw a certain holy man of Caphar Immi, and said All hail." How do they salute an Israelite? All hail.
93 [They held him by the feet.] This seems to have been done to kiss his feet. So #2Ki 4:27. For this was not unusual: "As R. Janni and R. Jonathan were sitting together, a certain man came and kissed the feet of R.
Jonathan."
94 (μη φοβεισθε). They were still afraid for joy and embarrassment. Jesus calms their excitement by the repetition of the charge from the angel for the disciples to meet him in Galilee.
95 Probably the rest still remained at the tomb, waiting for orders to depart, and had sent these to intimate to their employers the things that had taken place.

96
The use of the plural for pieces of silver (αργυρια) is common. The papyri have many instances of ικανα for considerable (from ικανω, to reach to, attain to).
persuade him, and you keep free God, but thus it seemed good unto
from anxiety.’97 you. Then all they came and
besought him and exhorted him to
charge the centurion and the soldiers
to tell nothing of that they had 48
seen: For, said they, it is expedient
for us to incur the greatest sin before
God, rather than to (and not to) fall
into 49 the hands of the people of the
Jews and to be stoned. Pilate
therefore charged the centurion and
the soldiers that they should say
nothing.
15 (Rotherham) And, they, taking
the pieces of silver, did as they were
instructed. And this account was
spread abroad among the Jews…until
this [[very]] day.98
10 (Rotherham) Now they were the 2 (Rotherham) She runneth,
Magdalene Mary, and Joana, and therefore, and cometh unto Simon
Mary the mother of James; and, the Peter, and unto the other disciple
other women with them, were telling, whom Jesus dearly loved, and saith
unto the apostles, these things. unto them--They have taken away
11 (AVRLE) And their words the Lord out of the tomb, and WE
seemed to them as idle tales,100 and know not where they have laid him.
they believed them not.
11 (Rotherham) And, they, hearing
that he was living, and had been
looked upon by her, disbelieved.99
12 (AVRLE) Then arose Peter, and 3 (AVRLE) Peter therefore went
ran unto the sepulchre; forth, and that other disciple, and
came to the sepulchre. 4 (AVRLE)
So they ran both together: and the
other disciple did outrun Peter, and
came first to the sepulchre. 5
(Darby) and stooping down102 he sees
the linen cloths lying; he did not
however go in. 6 (AVRLE) Then
cometh Simon Peter following him,
and went into the sepulchre, and
seeth the linen clothes lie, 7
and stooping down, he beheld101 the (AVRLE) And the napkin, that was
linen clothes laid by themselves, and about his head, not lying with the
departed, wondering in himself at linen clothes, but wrapped together
that which was come to pass. in a place by itself. 8 (Rotherham)
Then, entered, therefore, the other
disciple also, who had come first

97 The grammatical form of this clause implies that the thing supposed was expected to happen. The meaning then is, "If this come before the governor—as it likely will —we shall see to it that," etc. The "persuasion" of
Pilate meant, doubtless, quieting him by a bribe,
98
They lived up to their bargain and this lie lives on through the ages. JUSTIN MARTYR says, in his Dialogue with Trypho 108, that the Jews dispersed the story by means of special messengers [apostles] sent to every
country. Bengel: Quam laboriosum bellum mendacii contra veritatem.
99 Disbelieved (ηπιστησαν). This verb is common in the ancient Greek, but rare in the N.T. and here again verse #Mr 16:16 and nowhere else in Mark.
100
As idle talk (ως ληρος). Old word for nonsense, only here in the N.T. Medical writers used it for the wild talk of those in delirium or hysteria.
101 Stooping and looking in (παρακυψας). First aorist active participle of παρακυπτω, to stoop besides and peer into.
102 Stooping and looking in (παρακυψας). Originally to stoop and look, but in the LXX (#Ge 26:8; Jud 5:28; 1Ki 6:4, etc.) and the papyri rather just to peep in and so Field (Ot. Norv.) urges here. Standing within the cave, he

bowed himself to look down into the place where the body was laid, which was four cubits lower than the floor of the cave itself. See Bava Bathra about places of burial;
 unto the tomb, and he saw and
believed.
9 (AVRLE) For as yet they knew not
the Scripture, that he must rise
again from the dead. 10
(Rotherham) The disciples, therefore,
departed again, by themselves.
9 ¶ (AVRLE) Now when Jesus was 11 ¶ (AVRLE) But Mary stood
risen early the first day of the week, without at the sepulchre weeping:
he appeared first to Mary Magdalene, and as she wept, she stooped down,
out of whom he had cast seven and looked into the sepulchre, 12
devils.103 And seeth two angels in white sitting,
the one at the head, and the other at
the feet,104 where the body of Jesus
had lain. 13 (AVRLE) And they say
unto her, Woman, why weepest
thou? She saith unto them, Because
they have taken away my Lord, and I
know not where they have laid him.
14 (AVRLE) And when she had thus
said, she turned herself back, and saw
Jesus standing, and knew not that it
was Jesus. 15 (AVRLE) Jesus saith
unto her, Woman, why weepest
thou? whom seekest thou? She,
supposing him to be the gardener,
saith unto him, Sir, if thou have
10 (WEY) She went and brought the borne him hence, tell me where thou
tidings to those who had been with hast laid him, and I will take him
Him, as they were mourning and away. 16 Jesus saith unto her, Mary.
weeping. She turned herself, and saith unto
him, Rabboni; which is to say,
Master.[[After Mary’s exclamation
of Rabboni, one MS., the later
Syriac, Syriac Hieros., and three
copies of the Itala, add και
προσεδραμεν αθασθαι αυτου, And
she ran to embrace, or cling to him]]
17 (Rotherham) Jesus saith unto her-
-Be not detaining me105, for, not yet, [[G.Pet: XV. 58 Now it was the last
have I ascended unto the Father; day of unleavened bread, and many
but be going unto my disciples, and were coming forth of the city and
say unto them--I am ascending unto returning unto their 59 own homes
my Father and your Father, and my because the feast was at an end. But
God and your God. 18 (AVRLE) we, the twelve disciples of the Lord,
Mary Magdalene came and told the were weeping and were in sorrow,
disciples that she had seen the Lord, and each one being grieved for that
and that he had spoken these things which had befallen 60 departed unto
unto her. his own house]]
12 (Rotherham) But, after these 13 ¶ And lo! two from among them,

103 This description of Mary Magdalene is like that in #Lu 8:2 and seems strange in Mark at this point, described as a new character here, though mentioned by Mark three times just before. {#Mr 15:40,47 16:1} The
appearance to Mary Magdalene is given in full by #Joh 20:11-18.
104 [The one at the head, and the other at the feet.] So were the cherubims placed at each end of the mercy seat, #Ex 25:18,19. As to those cherubims that were in Solomon’s Temple, #2Ch 3:10, I cannot but by the way

observe what I meet with in Bava Bathra: "Onkelos the proselyte saith, ‘The cherubims are like children going from their master.’"
105 Verse 17. Touch me not μη μου απτου, Cling not to me. απτομαι has this sense in #Job 31:7, where the Septuagint use it for the Hebrew dabak, which signifies to cleave, cling, stick, or be glued to. From #Mt 28:9, it

appears that some of the women held him by the feet and worshipped him.
 things, unto two from among them, on the selfsame day, were
as they were walking, was he journeying unto a village, distant
manifested, in a different form,106 as sixty furlongs from Jerusalem, the
they were going unto a country place; name of which, was Emmaus; 14
and, they, were conversing one with
another, about all these things which
had occurred. 15 And it came to
pass, as they were conversing and
reasoning together, that, Jesus
himself, drawing near, was
journeying with them; 16 but, their
eyes, were held, so as not to know
him. 17 And he said unto them--
What are these things which ye are
debating one with another, as ye
walk along? And they came to a
stand, sad in countenance. 18 But
one, by name Cleopas, answering,
said unto him--Art, thou, lodging,
alone, in Jerusalem, and knowest not
the things which have come to pass
therein in these days? 19 And he
said unto them--What things? And,
they, said unto him--The things
concerning Jesus the Nazarene, who
became a prophet, mighty in work
and word, before God and all the
people: 20 In what way also our
High-priests and Rulers delivered
him up unto a sentence of death, and
crucified him. 21 We, however,
were hoping that, he, was the one
destined to redeem Israel! But
indeed, even with all these things,
this brings on, the third, day, since
these things happened:-- 22 Nay!
certain women also, from amongst
us, have made us beside ourselves, in
that they went early unto the tomb;
23 and, not finding his body, came,
saying--that, a vision of angels, they
had seen, who were affirming him to
be alive. 24 And certain of them
who were with us departed unto
the tomb,--and found so, according
as, the women, had said; but, him,
they saw not. 25 And, he, said unto
them--O thoughtless ones! and slow
in heart to rest your faith upon all
things which the prophets have
spoken:-- 26 Was it not needful for
the Christ, these very things, to
suffer, and to enter into his glory? 27
And, beginning from Moses, and
from all the prophets, he thoroughly
explained to them, in all the

106 In another form (εν ετερα μορφη). It was not a μεταμορφωσις or transfiguration like that described in #Mr 9:2 In a form unlike his ordinary appearance, so much so that they did not at first know him.
 Scriptures, the things concerning
himself. 28 And they drew near unto
the village, whither they were
journeying; and, he, made for
journeying, further. 29 And they
constrained him, saying--Abide with
us; because it is, towards evening,
and the day hath already declined.
And he went in to abide with them.
30 And it came to pass, when he
reclined with them, taking the loaf,
he blessed, and, breaking it, went on
to give unto them. 31 And, their,
eyes were opened, and they knew
him; and, he, vanished from them. 32
And they said one to another--Was
not, our heart, burning, as he was
speaking to us in the way, as he was
opening to us the Scriptures?
13 (Rotherham) and, they, departing, 33 And, arising in that very hour,
bare tidings unto the rest,--but, even they returned unto Jerusalem,--and
them, they believed not. found, gathered together, the eleven,
and them who were with them, 34
saying--In truth, the Lord hath arisen,
and hath appeared unto Simon! 35
And, they, went on to relate the
things, that had passed on the
journey, and how he was made
known unto them in the breaking of
the loaf.
14 ¶ (Noyes) Afterward he 36 ¶ (AVRLE) And as they thus 19 ¶ (AVRLE) Then the same day at
manifested himself to the eleven spake, Jesus himself stood in the evening, being the first day of the
themselves, as they were reclining at midst of them, and saith unto them, week, when the doors were shut
table, Peace be unto you. where the disciples were assembled
for fear of the Jews, came Jesus and
stood in the midst, and saith unto
them, Peace be unto you.
37 (Rotherham) But, being agitated
and becoming, afraid, they began to
imagine, that, upon a spirit,107 they
were looking.
38 (Rotherham) And he said unto
them--Why are ye troubled? and
and upbraided them with their for what cause do reasonings arise
unbelief and hardness of heart, in your hearts?
because they did not believe those 39 (AVRLE) Behold my hands and
who had seen him after he had risen. my feet, that it is I myself: handle
me, and see; for a spirit hath not
flesh and bones,108 as ye see me
have.
40 (AVRLE) And when he had thus 20 (AVRLE) And when he had so
spoken, he shewed them his hands said, he shewed unto them his hands

107 And supposed that they had seen a spirit. But if there be no such thing as a disembodied spirit, would not our Lord have shown them their error? Instead of this, he confirms them in their opinion, by saying, A spirit hath
not flesh and bones as you see me have, {#Lu 24:39}; therefore he says, handle me and see me.
108 —He says not "flesh and blood"; for the blood is the life of the animal and corruptible body (#Ge 9:4), which "cannot inherit the kingdom of God" (#1Co 15:50); but "flesh and bones," implying the identity, but with

diversity of laws, of the resurrection body. (See on #Joh 20:24-28).

 and his feet. 41 And while they yet and his side. Then were the disciples
believed not for joy, [—as we phrase glad, when they saw the Lord.
it, they thought the news too good to
be true.] and wondered, he said unto
them, Have ye here any meat?109 42
And they gave him a piece of a
broiled fish, and of an honeycomb.
43 (Douay) And when he had eaten
before them, taking the remains, he
gave to them.
44 (AVRLE) And he said unto them,
These are the words which I spake
unto you, while I was yet with you,
that all things must be fulfilled,
which were written in the law of
Moses, and in the prophets, and in
the psalms, concerning me. 45
(Rotherham) Then, opened he their
mind, to understand the Scriptures;
46 And said unto them, Thus it is
written, and thus it behoved Christ
to suffer, and to rise from the dead
the third day:
16 ¶ (Rotherham) And, the eleven
disciples, went into Galilee, unto the
mountain which, Jesus, had
appointed110 them;
17 (YLT) and having seen him, they St. Jerome mentions certain Greek
bowed to him, but some did waver. copies, which have the following
remarkable addition to #Mr 16:14,
after these words— and reproached
them for their unbelief and hardness
of heart, because they did not
believe those who had seen him after
he was raised up: Et illi
satisfaciebant dicentes: seculum
istud iniquitatis et incredulitatis
substantia est, quae non sinit per
immundos spiritus verem Dei
apprehendi virtutem. Idcirco, jam
nunc revela justitiam tuam.
"And they confessed the charge,
saying: This age is the substance of
iniquity and unbelief, which, through
the influence of impure spirits, does
not permit the true influence of God
to be apprehended. Therefore, even
now, reveal thy righteousness."
18 (YLT) And having come near,111
Jesus spake to them, saying, ‘Given

109 Anything to eat (βρωσιμον). Only here in the N.T., though an old word from βιβρωσκω, to eat.
110 This appointment is recorded in #Mt 26:32. That the interview here recorded was the same as that referred to in one place only—#1Co 15:6 —when "He was seen of above five hundred brethren at once; of whom the
greater part remained unto that day, though some were fallen asleep," is now the opinion of the ablest students of the evangelical history. Nothing can account for such a number as five hundred assembling at one spot
but the expectation of some promised manifestation of their risen Lord: and the promise before His resurrection, twice repeated after it, best explains this immense gathering.
111 (πασα εξουσια). Jesus came close to them (προσελθων) and made this astounding claim. Hath been given (εδοθη) is a timeless aorist (Robertson, Grammar, pp. 836f.). It is the sublimist of all spectacles to see the Risen

Christ without money or army or state charging this band of five hundred men and women with world conquest and bringing them to believe it possible and to undertake it with serious passion and power.
to me was all authority in heaven
and on earth;
19 (Rotherham) Go ye, therefore, 15 (AVRLE) And he said unto them, 47 (Rotherham) And that 21 (AVRLE) Then said Jesus to
and disciple all the nations, Go ye into all the world, and repentance for remission of sins them again, Peace be unto you: as
preach the gospel κηρυξατε το should be proclaimed upon his my Father hath sent me, even so
ευαγγελιον to every creature.113 name unto all the nations,-- send I you. 22 And when he had
beginning from Jerusalem. said this, he breathed on them,114 and
Immersing them into112 the name saith unto them, Receive ye the Holy
of the Father, and of the Son, and Ghost: 23 Whose soever sins ye
of the Holy Spirit,-- remit, they are remitted unto
16 (AVRLE) He that believeth and them; and whose soever sins ye
is baptized shall be saved; but he retain, they are retained.
that believeth not shall be damned.
24 (AVRLE) But Thomas, one of
the twelve, called Didymus, was not
with them when Jesus came. 25
(Rotherham) The other disciples,
therefore, were saying unto him--We
have seen the Lord! But, he, said
unto them--Except I see, in his hands,
the print of the nails, and press my
finger into the print of the nails, and
press my hand into his side, in
nowise will I believe.
26 ¶ (AVRLE) And after eight days XV. 58 Now it was the last day of
again his disciples were within, and unleavened bread, and many were
Thomas with them: then came Jesus, coming forth of the city and returning
the doors being shut, and stood in the unto their 59 own homes because the
midst, and said, Peace be unto you. feast was at an end. But we, the
27 Then saith he to Thomas, Reach twelve disciples of the Lord, were
hither thy finger, and behold my weeping and were in sorrow, and
hands; and reach hither thy hand, each one being grieved for that which
and thrust it into my side: and be had befallen
not faithless, but believing. 28 And
Thomas answered and said unto him,
My Lord and my God.
17 (Darby) And these signs shall 29 (AVRLE) Jesus saith unto him,
follow those that have believed: in Thomas, because thou hast seen
my name they shall cast out me, thou hast believed: blessed are
demons; they shall speak with new they that have not seen, and yet
tongues; 18 (AVRLE) They shall have believed.118
take up serpents;115 and if they drink
any deadly thing,116 it shall not hurt
them;117 they shall lay hands on the
sick, and they shall recover.
[[16 ¶ (Rotherham) And, the eleven 1 ¶ After these things Jesus shewed G.Pet: 15.60 departed unto his own

112 "into the name"; as in #1Co 10:2, "And were all baptized unto (or rather ‘into’) Moses"; and #Ga 3:27, "For as many of you as have been baptized into Christ."
113
To every creature, a manner of speech most common among the Jews:
114 It was a symbolic art with the same word used in the LXX when God breathed the breath of life upon Adam (#Ge 2:7). It occurs also in #Eze 37:9
115 Several MSS. add ενταις χερσιν, in their hands .This was literally fulfilled when Paul shook the viper from his hand. See #Ac 28:5,6. Lu 10:19 Lo! I have given you the authority--to be treading upon serpents and

scorpions, and over all the power of the enemy, and, nothing, unto you, shall in anywise do harm;
116 (καν θανασιμον τι πιωσιν). This is the only N.T. instance of the old Greek word θανασιμος (deadly). #Jas 3:8 has θανατηφορος, deathbearing.
117
There is a similar promise in #Isa 43:2. Lu 10:19 Lo! I have given you the authority--to be treading upon serpents and scorpions, and over all the power of the enemy, and, nothing, unto you, shall in anywise do harm;
118
Rab. Tanchum: "Rab. Simeon ben Lachesh saith, The proselyte is more beloved by the holy blessed God than that whole crowd that stood before Mount Sinai; for unless they had heard the thundering, and seen the flames
and lightning, the hills trembling, and the trumpets sounding, they had not received the law. But the proselyte hath seen nothing of all this, and yet he hath come in, devoting himself to the holy blessed God, and hath taken
upon him (the yoke of) the kingdom of heaven."
disciples, went into Galilee, unto the himself again to the disciples at the house. . But I, Simon Peter, and
mountain which, Jesus, had sea of Tiberias; and on this wise Andrew my brother, took our nets
appointed119 them;]] shewed he himself. 2 There were and went unto the sea: and there was
together Simon Peter, and Thomas with us Levi the son of Alphaeus,
called Didymus, and Nathanael of whom the Lord
Cana in Galilee, and the sons of
Zebedee, and two other of his
disciples. 3 Simon Peter saith unto
them, I go a fishing. They say unto
him, We also go with thee. They
[[40 (AVRLE) And when he had went forth, and entered into a ship
thus spoken, he shewed them his immediately; and that night they
hands and his feet. 41 And while they caught nothing. 4 But when the
yet believed not for joy, [—as we morning was now come, Jesus stood
phrase it, they thought the news too on the shore: but the disciples knew
good to be true.] and wondered, he not that it was Jesus. 5 Then Jesus
said unto them, Have ye here any saith unto them, Children, have ye
meat?120 42 And they gave him a any meat? They answered him, No.
piece of a broiled fish, and of an 6 And he said unto them, Cast the
honeycomb. 43 (Douay) And when net on the right side of the ship,
he had eaten before them, taking the and ye shall find. They cast
remains, he gave to them.]] therefore, and now they were not
able to draw it for the multitude of
fishes. 7 Therefore that disciple
whom Jesus loved saith unto Peter, It
is the Lord. Now when Simon Peter
heard that it was the Lord, he girt his
fisher’s coat unto him, (for he was
naked,) and did cast himself into the
sea. 8 And the other disciples came
in a little ship; (for they were not far
from land, but as it were two hundred
cubits,) dragging the net with fishes.
9 As soon then as they were come to
land, they saw a fire of coals there,
and fish laid thereon, and bread. 10
Jesus saith unto them, Bring of the
fish which ye have now caught. 11
Simon Peter went up, and drew the
net to land full of great fishes, an
hundred and fifty and three: and for
all there were so many, yet was not
the net broken. 12 Jesus saith unto
them, Come and dine. And none of
the disciples durst ask him, Who art
thou? knowing that it was the Lord.
13 Jesus then cometh, and taketh
bread, and giveth them, and fish
likewise. 14 This is now the third
time that Jesus shewed himself to
his disciples, after that he was risen
from the dead. 15 ¶ So when they

119 This appointment is recorded in #Mt 26:32. That the interview here recorded was the same as that referred to in one place only—#1Co 15:6 —when "He was seen of above five hundred brethren at once; of whom the
greater part remained unto that day, though some were fallen asleep," is now the opinion of the ablest students of the evangelical history. Nothing can account for such a number as five hundred assembling at one spot
but the expectation of some promised manifestation of their risen Lord: and the promise before His resurrection, twice repeated after it, best explains this immense gathering.
120 Anything to eat (βρωσιμον). Only here in the N.T., though an old word from βιβρωσκω, to eat.
 had dined, Jesus saith to Simon
Peter, Simon, son of Jonas, lovest
thou me more than these? He saith
unto him, Yea, Lord; thou knowest
that I love thee. He saith unto him,
Feed my lambs. 16 He saith to him
again the second time, Simon, son of
Jonas, lovest thou me? He saith
unto him, Yea, Lord; thou knowest
that I love thee. He saith unto him,
Feed my sheep. 17 He saith unto
him the third time, Simon, son of
Jonas, lovest thou me? Peter was
grieved because he said unto him the
third time, Lovest thou me? And he
said unto him, Lord, thou knowest all
things; thou knowest that I love thee.
Jesus saith unto him, Feed my sheep.
18 Verily, verily, I say unto thee,
When thou wast young, thou
girdedst thyself, and walkedst
whither thou wouldest: but when
thou shalt be old, thou shalt stretch
forth thy hands, and another shall
gird thee, and carry thee whither
thou wouldest not. 19 This spake
he, signifying by what death he
should glorify God. And when he
had spoken this, he saith unto him,
Follow me. 20 ¶ Then Peter, turning
about, seeth the disciple whom Jesus
loved following; which also leaned
on his breast at supper, and said,
Lord, which is he that betrayeth thee?
21 Peter seeing him saith to Jesus,
Lord, and what shall this man do? 22
Jesus saith unto him, If I will that he
tarry till I come, what is that to
thee? follow thou me. 23 Then went
this saying abroad among the
brethren, that that disciple should not
die: yet Jesus said not unto him, He
shall not die; but, If I will that he
tarry till I come, what is that to thee?
20. (YLT) teaching them to observe 48 (AVRLE) And ye are witnesses 4 (AVRLE) And, being assembled ACTS 1: 3 (AVRLE) To whom also
all, whatever I did command you; of these things. 49 And, behold, I together122 with them, commanded he shewed himself alive after his
and lo, I am with you all the send the promise of my Father them that they should not depart from passion123 by many infallible
days121—till the full end of the age.’ upon you: but tarry ye in the city Jerusalem, but wait for the promise proofs,124 being seen of them forty

121 και ιδου εγω μεθυμων ειμι πασας τας ημερας—literally, Behold, I am with you every day
122 Being assembled together with them (συναλιζομενος). Present passive participle from συναλιζω, an old verb in Herodotus, Xenophon, etc., from sun, with, and αλιζω, from αλης, crowded. The margin of both the
Authorized and the Revised Versions has "eating with them" as if from συν and αλς (salt). Salt was the mark of hospitality. There is the verb αλισθητε εν αυτω used by Ignatius Ad Magnes. X, "Be ye salted in him." But it is
more than doubtful if that is the idea here though the Vulgate does have convescens illis "eating with them," as if that was the common habit of Jesus during the forty days.
123 After his passion (μετα το παθειν αυτον). Neat Greek idiom, μετα with the articular infinitive (second aorist active of πασχω) and the accusative of general reference, "after the suffering as to him." For παθειν used

absolutely of Christ’s suffering see also #Ac 17:3; 26:23

124
Luke does not hesitate to apply the definite word "proofs" to the evidence for the Resurrection of Christ after full investigation on the part of this scientific historian. Aristotle makes a distinction between τεκμηριον (proof)
and σημειον (sign) as does Galen the medical writer.
 of Jerusalem, until ye be endued of the Father, which, saith he, ye days, and speaking of the things
In the MSS. and versions there are with power from on high. have heard of me. pertaining to the kingdom of God:
various subscriptions, or epigraphs,
to this Gospel: the following are the
principal:—
"The Gospel according to
Matthew—written by him in
Jerusalem —in Palestine—in the
east—in the Hebrew dialect—in
Hebrew —eight years after the
ascension of Christ—interpreted by
John—by James the brother of the
Lord."
The subscription in some copies of
the Arabic version is very full: "The
end of the copy of the Gospel of
Matthew the Apostle. He wrote it in
the land of Palestine, by inspiration
of the Holy Spirit, in the Hebrew
tongue, eight years after the bodily
ascension of Jesus the Messiah into
heaven, in the first year of the reign
of Claudius Caesar, king of Rome."
19 ¶ (AVRLE) So then after the 50 ¶ (Rotherham) And he led them
Lord had spoken unto them, he was forth as far as unto Bethany; and,
received up into heaven, and sat on uplifting his hands, he blessed them.
the right hand of God.125 51 (AVRLE) And it came to pass,
while he blessed them, he was parted
from them, and carried up into
heaven.
52 (AVRLE) And they worshipped
him, and returned to Jerusalem with
great joy: 53 (AVRLE) And were
20 (AVRLE) And they went forth, continually in the temple, praising
and preached every where, the Lord and blessing God. Amen.
working with them,126 and
confirming the word with signs
following. Amen.
There are various subscriptions to
this book in the MSS. and versions;
the principal are the following: "The
holy Gospel according to Mark is
ended written by him—in EGYPT—
in ROME—in the Latin tongue-
directed by Peter the 10th-12th year
after the ascension of Christ—
preached in Alexandria, and all its
coasts."

125In that exalted attitude He appeared to Stephen (#Ac 7:55,56); and it is thereafter perpetually referred to as His proper condition in glory. Ro 8:34 Eph 1:20 Col 3:1 Heb 1:3 8:1 10:12 12:2 1Pe 3:22 Re 3:21}
126The Lord working with them (του κυριου συνεργουντος). Genitive absolute. This participle not in Gospels elsewhere nor is βεβαιουντος nor the compound επακολουθουντων, all in Paul’s Epistles. πανταχου once in
Luke.
Event Date Bible Ref. Para-Biblical Secular
Augustus decrees census 8 BC Syria, under Saturninus [TERTULLIAN]
Conception of John 6 BC [~Yom Kippur: September 22127]
Annunciation/Conception 5 BC [March 25]:
Herodian enrollment [under Quirinius]
Birth of John the Baptist June 24 http://www.cgsf.org/dbeattie/calendar/?roman=5bc
Birth of Jesus Christ December [& Kislev]
25th
Circumcision of Christ 4 BC Jan 1st
Magi; Massacre of the 2 BC, Jan 6th
Innocents128/Flight to Egypt
Herod dies 1 BC Shebat 2129 [Jan 28]:130
Holy Family attend Feast March 4, AD 9 AD Luke 2:42
John Baptist begins ministry Fall 26 AD131 Luke 3:1ff Josephus
Jesus baptized Jan 6, 27 AD Matt 3 by John [John 1:15]
Jesus’ 1st Temple cleansing [1st] Passover 27 AD John 2 Talmudic references to Temple disturbances
{Pentecost?} John 4
Jubilee Year begins Sabbatical year ends [John 4:34]
Jesus Christ affirms Jubilee September 29, AD 27 [Luke 4]
Purim? Mar 29, AD 28 John 5:1132 Joh 5:16 And therefore did the Judeans persecute Jesus, and sought to slay
him, because he had done these things on the sabbath day…. 5:18 Therefore the
Judeans sought the more to kill him, because he not only had broken the
sabbath, but said also that God was his Father, making himself equal with God.
Mat 12:14 Then the Pharisees went out, and held a council against him, how
they might destroy him. Mar 3:6 And the Pharisees went forth, and straightway
took counsel with the Herodians against him, how they might destroy him. Luk
6:11 And they [Scribes & Pharisees] were filled with madness; and communed
one with another what they might do to Jesus. Choosing the 12 [Matt
10:1ff=Mark 3:13=Luk 6:12]. John inquires of Christ [Matt 11:2ff]
Commissioning the 12 [Mark 6:7ff=Luke 9:1ff] John beheaded [Matt
14:1ff=Mark 6:7ff=Luke 9:7-9]
John Imprisoned Matt 4:12 John inquires of Christ [Matt 11:2ff] Josephus, Josippon

127
http://www.cgsf.org/dbeattie/calendar/?roman=-5
128
Prudentius mentions the Innocents in his hymn on the Epiphany. Leo in his homilies on the Epiphany speaks of the Innocents. Fulgentius of Ruspe (6th century) gives a homily De Epiphania, deque Innocentum nece et
muneribus magorum ("On Epiphany, and on the murder of the Innocents and the gifts of the Magi")
129
M. Moise Schwab, who studied Megillath Taanith, felt that it was really the second of the days, Schebat 2 (January 28th) that was the actual day commemorating Herod’s death.[S. Burnaby, The Jewish Calendar, 261.]
130
The Date of Herod's Death: The Errors Corrected Murrell Selden writes: "There has been considerable confusion among scholars as to the date of the death of Herod the Great. However, this writer believes the matter to be
simple. This writer tries to find the date, assuming the traditional date of Shebat 2 for his death. The chief problem has been in finding the correct year. This writer uses the reference information from Antiquities of the Jews
by Josephus ... My anchor for dating the regnal years for Herod the Great is a well known date, the battle for the Roman Empire at Actium. ... Based upon the writings of Josephus (which appear to be mostly accurate), the
anchor date of the war between Antony and Octavius Caesar, and calculations of relevant lunar events, it appears that Herod the Great died on January 26 (Shebat 2) in 1 B.C.E."
131 Luke’s perspective on the “reign” of Annas indicates that he would view the reign of Tiberius from his co-regency with Augustus as functionally reigning. Thus, the “reign” of Tiberius through co-regency with Augustus

would have started in A.D. 11, making his year 15 to be A.D. 26; the testimony of Tertullian (Against Marcion I.xv), that "the Lord has been revealed since the twelfth year of Tiberius Caesar" refers to Jesus' baptism and the
beginning of his public ministry, counting from the death of Augustus, rather than co-regency
132 Petavius supposes that the feast of Purim, or lots, is here meant. The feast of John 5 fell on a Sabbath (5:9). The only feast day to fall on a Sabbath between AD 25 and 35 was Purim of 28. (Faulstich, E. W. 1986

Computer Calendar: IBM Software. Spencer, IA: Chronology Books).

 Commissioning the 12 [Mark 6:7ff=Luke 9:1ff]
John beheaded [Matt 14:1ff=Mark 6:7ff=Luke 9:7-9]

Jesus Christ feeds 5000 [2nd] Passover Season Matt 14:14ff, John
28 AD 6:3ff
Conspiracy “hatched” Matt 12:14
First year of fifth Yom Teruah, 28 AD John 7:1 After this Jesus traveled throughout Galilee. He stayed out
of Judea because the Judeans wanted to kill him.
Millennium133 Luk 13:31 The same day there came certain of the Pharisees,
saying unto him, Get thee out, and depart hence: for Herod will kill
thee
Sukkot John 7:2ff
Execution of John Late 28 AD Matt 14:3-13 John beheaded [Matt 14:1ff=Mark 6:7ff=Luke 9:7-9] Josephus, Josippon
Jesus at Temple for Winter 28 AD John 10:22
“Chanukah”
Raising of Lazarus Early 29 AD John 11
Conspiracy finalized Early 29 AD John 11:49-53
Arrest Warrant for Jesus 40 days before John 11:57 T.B. Sanh 43a “On the eve of the Passover Yeshu the
Nazorean was hanged. For forty days before the execution
Passover 29 AD] took place, a herald went forth and cried, 'He is going forth to
be stoned because he has practiced sorcery and enticed Israel
to apostacy. Any one who can say anything in his favor, let
him come forward and plead on his behalf.'”
[Purim]
Triumphal Entry Sunday: Nisan 9
[eve of 10th]:
Monday Nisan 10
Tuesday Nisan 11
Wednesday Nisan 12 – “Greeks” [John 12:20] Hananiah @ Gamaliel’s with Christ134 with representatives from
[Greek-speaking Jews of the King Agbar’s court in Eddessa [Moses of Khorene, II.xxx-xxxi]135

133 Jerome’s Chronicle: (Olympiad) “202.1 [AD 29] The beginning of the 81st Jubilee, according to the Hebrews” [i.e., the year after the completion of 80 Jubilees=4000 years]
134
Doctrina Addai: “[Hananiah=Ananias, Jos. Ant. Ant 20.2.3-4] went forth from Edessa on the fourteenth day of Adar, and entered Jerusalem on the twelfth day of Nisan, on the fourth day of the week. And he found Christ
at the house of Gamaliel, a chief of the Jews.” According to Clem Hom 2.1, Zaccaeus had a brother Sophonias [Zephaniah], and was ordained Bishop of Caesarea Maratima [Hom 3.63]. Also among Peter’s entourage at
Caesarea were “Ananias and Haggæus the Jamminians” [Clem Hom 2.1], otherwise said to be from Edessa and Panaeas respectively.
135 Thomas Ardzrouni, an Armenian historian of the tenth cent., affirms Abgar's evoys belonged to the group of Gentiles who asked Philip to present them to Jesus according to John 12:20-22. González thinks that Thomas

surely derived these data from ancient sources. González, Leyenda, 76 n. 19. In Acts 2:5 we read that in AD 29 in Jerusalem there were many Jews coming from everywhere, also from Mesopotamia and Cappadocia (ibid.
2:9-12): it is very probable that Jews from Osrhoene too (in Mesopotamia, near Cappadocia) visited Jerusalem in AD 29and then, back home, related what they saw and heard. For the importance of these Jews who
listened to Peter's first preaching in Jerusalem in relation to the early spread of Christianity see C.P. Thiede, Ein Fisch für den römischen Kaiser (München: Luchterhand, 1998), 120 and passim. J.A.T. Robinson [Twelve New
Testament Studies. London: SCM Press Ltd., 1962. pp.107-125] notes: “They are Greek-speaking Jews, of whom it is specifically stated that they had ‘come up to worship at the feast’ (12.20) and there is no suggestion that
they are merely ‘God fearers’ or even that they had once been Gentiles. All that we can deduce with certainty is that they spoke Greek rather than Aramaic (and hence presumably the approach through Philip, with his
Hellenistic name and place of origin (12.21) ), and that they were in Jerusalem for a specifically Jewish reason. In fact, the Evangelist has already at an earlier point (7.35) equated the term ‘the Greeks’ with ‘the Dispersion
among the Greeks’, that is, Greek-speaking Diaspora Judaism.7 [‘The words m» e„j Diaspor¦n tîn `Ell»nwn mšllei poreÚesqai kaˆ did£skein toÝj “Ellhnaj; are unfortunately ambiguous.
‘The Diaspora of the Greeks’ could mean ‘the Greek-speaking Diaspora’ (i.e. Jews) and ‘the Greeks’ be an abbreviated way of referring to the same group. Or it could mean ‘the Diaspora resident among the Greeks’, in
which case ‘the Greeks’ would be Gentiles. H. Windisch comes down in favour of the latter in TWNT (art. “Ellhn) II, 506. But K. L. Schmidt, ibid. (art. diaspora) II, 102, insists on leaving both possibilities open (cf. H. J.
 Diaspora] who had an audience
with Christ just prior to Passover
Nisan 13
Maundy Thursday Nisan 14
Lord’s Supper
Christ Crucified March 25, 29 AD Passover Friday: Phlegon Olympiads 13
Christ crucified
Christ Resurrected March 27, 29 AD “Wave sheaf”
Sunday
Ascension
Sunday

Church founded Pentecost, 29 Acts 2

AD
Christianity was being After Pentecost, Clementine Homilies 1.6-7 Tacitus Annales 15.44;
proclaimed at Rome 29 AD cf CIL VI 24944
Stephen martyred; 31 AD Acts 7,8
Simon Magus challenged
Paul converted 31 AD Acts 9 In Damascus and Arabia 35-38
Senatusconsultam & Tiberian 31 AD Moses Khorene PH 2.33, Justin (I Apol. 35; 48) and Tertullian (Apol. Porphyrian F64,
5.2; 21.24), Jerome's Chronicon (176-77 Helm), Chron. Pasch. 430
Veto [Harnack], in Macarius’
Sejanus removed
Apocriticus (II 14)
Paul in Arabia 31-34
Paul’s return & escape 34 2 Corinthians 11:32-33 Douglas Campbell, “An Anchor for Pauline Chronology: Paul’s
Flight from ‘the Ethnarch of King Aretas’ (2 Corinthians 11:32-33),”
from Damascus Journal of Biblical Literature 121.2 (2002): 279-302.
Caiphas and Pilate 37 AD
deposed
Paul returns to Jerusalem 38 AD Acts 9:26; Gal 1:18
In Tarsus and the regions of Syria and Cilicia
Caligula orders Temple 40 AD Philo ad Gaius
desecration
-[Peter & John in
Antioch]
-Paul in Antioch [Acts A year in Antioch with Barnabas

Cadbury in The Beginnings of Christianity v (1933), 72 f.). The decision between them can in fact only be made in the light of the Johannine context as a whole. As there is no other reference in the Gospel or the Epistles to
a Gentile mission, the probability would seem to be in favour of the first interpretation.] Cf. the letter of R. Gamaliel I (TJ. Sanh. 18d) ‘to our brethren, the sons of the diaspora of Babylon, the Sons of the diaspora of Media,
the sons of the diaspora of the Greeks, and all the rest of the dispersed of Israel’ (quoted A. Schlatter, Der Evangelist Johannes (1930), p. 198). It is to be observed that the phrase ‘the diaspora of the Greeks’ (where the
parallels would lead us to expect ‘the diaspora of Greece’) is exactly that which John also uses in 7.35.
11]
-Peter freed, [ordains
Evodius, then to Upper
Galatia [1Pet 1:1-3]]
-Nazoreans first called
“Christians”; Didache
written [Acts 11:26, Did
Solomonic Psalms/Odes?
12:4]
Matthew composes 41 AD Mss Coliphons
Hebrew Gospel
Mark evangelizes 41 AD Philo (via Eusebius) Claudius’ Letter to the
Alexandria Alexandrians
James bar Zebedee 42 AD Acts 12 [12:17, Gal Origen, Jerome
martyred; [Peter goes to 2:11,]
Antioch]
Simon Magus goes to 42 AD 1Pet 5 JusM (Apologia 1.26 & 56), Irenaeus
Rome; Adv.Haer. 1.23; Jerome’s Chronicon: 2nd year
Peter (& Mark) go to of Claudius [Papias, ClemA]
Rome; writes I Peter
James the Just writes “the 42 AD James 1:1 [During Claudian campaign in Britain?]
12 tribes”
[Peter returns to Jerusalem] 43 AD [Acts 12:1-3] Mss Coliphons,
Mark composes gospel at Theophylact
Rome [Syriac Teaching of Simon Cephas has Peter arriving in 3rd year of
Claudius]
Herod Agrippa dies 44 AD Acts 12 Josephus
Mark publishes Alexandrian 45 AD [Acts 13:13] Chrysostom, Mss Coliphons, Isadore
edition of gospel
Paul’s 1st missionary 45-48 AD Acts 13-14 Sergius Paulus is proconsul of Cyprus when Barnabas and Saul visit
the island (Ac 13:7). The proconsul Paulus is mentioned in a Greek
journey inscription of Soloi (Hogarth, Devia Cypria, 1889, 114) and Lucius
Sergius Paulus in CIL, VI, 31, 545, but, as no mention of his being
proconsul is here made, it is probably earlier than that time. The Soloi
inscription bears the date 53 AD, but Sergius Paulus was not
proconsul in 51 or 52 AD. It could not be later and may have been
earlier.

In Antioch “a long time,” A.D. 48 fall – A.D. 49

spring/summer (Perhaps Galatians written at Antioch,
A.D. 49 [early date])
Thecla, then Tryphaena 46-7 Acts of Thecla One daughter, Pythodoris II, and
Rhoemetalces II became the new
&Tryphosa converted
Roman Client Rulers of Thrace from
 38 until 46, when she was possibly
murdered alongside her husband,
when Rhoemetalces II was murdered
by insurgents
Luke publishes gospel in 48 AD Acts 15 Mss Coliphons; Nicephorus Callistus; Acts of 48/49 was a sabbatical year and his
explains why there was a need for
Achaia, Greece; Apostolic Thomas; ClemA (Stromata 3.4). Paul to “remember the poor” (Gal
Council at Jerusalem; 2:10) (Sabbatical years caused
poverty) and it also explains why
Mary dies; Matthew’s gospel
Paul recalls the time interval of “14
translated into Greek; Thomas years” (two Sabbatical year cycles).
heads for India; Nicholas rejects
council and forms sect
Paul’s 2nd missionary journey 48-52 AD Acts 15:36-18:22; & 2
Thessalonians

Barnabas and Mark go to 48 AD Acts 15:39 Acts of Barnabas

Cyprus
Paul writes “Romans”??? 49 AD Act 16:12 and from there we went to the
city of Philippi. Philippi is a leading city
1Co 16:24 My love be with you all in Christ Jesus. Amen. «The first
epistle to the Corinthians was written from Philippi by Stephanas and
in that part of Macedonia, and it is a Fortunatus and Achaicus and Timotheus.»
Roman colony. We were in this city for a
number of days.
Famine in Rome seen as divine 49 AD [Acts 11, 18] [Josephus], Suetonius,
judgment; Claudius issues Nazareth
decree against tomb desecration; Tacitus, Dio, Nazareth
Claudius expels Jews from Rome136 as a Decree
result of continued controversy about
“Chrestus”
1 Thessalonians, written 49-50 AD Acts 17; 1Thess 3:1 1st [From Laodicea.—Cod. Claromont; and sent by the hands of
from Athens Timotheus.—SYRIAC. sent by Silvanus and Timotheus.—COPTIC],
2nd written from Corinth —Author of the SYNOPSIS.
2Thessalonians, written «The first & second epistle to the Thessalonians was written from
from Athens Athens. Common Greek text» and sent by Silvanus and Timotheus.
—COPTIC;. The Second Epistle to the Thessalonians, which was
written at Laodicea in Pisidia, was sent by the hands of Tychicus.—
SYRIAC. —sent by Titus and Onesimus.—Latin Prologue
Paul at Corinth; 50-52 AD Acts 18:1-11
Didache published?
Paul brought before Gallio at July 51 AD Acts 18:12 Suet (Claudius 25); Claudius
Corinth Letter to Delphi
John bar Zebedee preaches at 51 AD [Shelemon Book of the Bee]; Apringius of Barry Danylak : a severe food
shortage in Corinth in 51 (“Tiberius
Rome Beja; Abbot Beatus of Liebana Claudius Dinippus and the food
shortages in Corinth”, Tyn Bul 59.2
(2008). causing civil unrest and
attacks on the rich. This explains
why the Jews attacked Sosthenes
(Acts 18:17), who, being the
synagogue ruler, had been the

136
Paulus Orosius Historiarum adversum paganos libri VII 7.6.15-16
 benefactor of the Jews, but had
defected to the Christians
Paul’s 3rd Missionary journey 52/3-56 AD Acts 18:22-21:17
-Romans [from Corinth]
-Paul at Ephesus
-Colossians [from Wherever he was, he writes uncertain how long he may be detained
from coming to Timothy (#1Ti 3:14,15). BIRKS shows the
Ephesus, during Colophons: The first to Timothy, written probability that he wrote from Corinth, between which city and
imprisonment Col_4:3,18] from Laodicea.-A. The first to Timothy, Ephesus the communication was rapid and easy. His course, as on
written from Ladikia.-CLAROMONT. both former occasions, was from Macedon to Corinth. He finds a
-1 Cor ? [from Ephesus, Written from Laodicea, which is the coincidence between #1Ti 2:11-14, and #1Co 14:34, as to women
after imprisonment metropolis of Phrygia.-The first to being silent in Church; and #1Ti 5:17,18, and #1Co 9:8-10, as to the
Timothy, written from Laodicea, which maintenance of ministers, on the same principle as the Mosaic law,
1Co_15:32] is the metropolis of Phrygia of that the ox should not be muzzled that treadeth out the corn; and #1Ti
-1 Tim [from Laodicea, Pacatiana.-Common GREEK TEXT, and 5:19,20, and #2Co 13:1-4, as to charges against elders. It would be
several MSS; Probably from Nympha’s natural for the apostle in the very place where these directions had
after release from Ephesus] house [Col 4:15] been enforced, to reproduce them in his letter.
Felix's tenure in office 53-54 Sordi Nero became Emperor Oct. 13, A.D.
54. Poppaea, his Jewish mistress and
finally wife, may have had
something to do with the recall of
Felix at the request of the Jews.
John Bar Zebedee receives 54 AD Epiphanius; Apringius of Beja; Abbot Beatus
vision of Apocalypse on isle of of Liebana; Dionysius Areopagite
Patmos, where he was banished
for violating Claudius’ decree;
Dionysius writes him letter
Paul writes “pre-Corinthians” Late 54 AD Cp 1Cor5:9&2Cor6:14-7:1
Paul writes I Corinthians Spring 55 Cp Acts 16:12 & Acts 20:6; 1Co 16:8 1Co 16:24 My love be with you all in Christ Jesus. Amen. «The first Ac 20:6 And we sailed away from
shows it was written at Ephesus. epistle to the Corinthians was written from Philippi – in Macedonia Philippi after the days of unleavened
from Philippi AD BENGEL conjectures that perhaps, - by Stephanas and Fortunatus and Achaicus and Timotheus.» bread, and came unto them to Troas
however, it was sent from Philippi (#1Co 1Co 16:5 ¶ Now I will come unto you, as soon as I have passed in five days; where we abode seven
16:5), because the deputies of the through Macedonia,--for I do pass through Macedonia, days.
Corinthians had accompanied Paul
thither. From Ephesus there was a road
to Corinth above Philippi.
Paul writes “severe letter” to Summer 55 Cp. 2Cor2:3-4&2Cor 10-
Corinthians AD 13
Paul writes 2 Corinthians Late 55 AD Mss Coliphons: To the Corinthians, the second.—The second to the 2 Cor 12:2 was written during a
Corinthians is completed.—The second to the Corinthians is Sabbatical year 55/56
from Philippi finished.—To the Corinthians, the second, written from Philippi.—
Written from Philippi by Titus.—Written from Philippi by Titus and
Luke.—By Titus, Barnabas, and Luke.— The Second Epistle to the
Corinthians was written from Philippi of Macedonia, and sent by
Titus, SYRIAC.—The End of the Epistle. It was written from the city
of Philippi by Titus and Luke. Praise be to God for ever, ARABIC. - -
Written in Philippi of Macedonia, and sent by Titus and Luke,
COPTIC.—The Second Epistle to the Corinthians is ended; which
was written from Philippi of Macedonia, by Titus and Luke, SYR.
PHILOX.
Paul tried under Porcius first half of Ac 24:27 Antiq. xx.viii. & 9.

Festus 55.
transferred to Rome, start of 56 Acts-27-28:16; Ephesians/ In 56, the Praetorian prefect was Afranius Burrus, a friend of Seneca,
a tolerant and wise man - which explains the conditions of Paul's
arrives; Philippians Laodiceans, Colossians, captivity, a rather mild form of house arrest in which he was under
Philemon, surveillance by a Praetorian guard but he could meet with anyone he
wished
Apocalypse of John 56 AD Mss Coliphons; Toledoth Yeshu [Hebrew Version?]

published in 2nd year of

Nero’s Reign
Paul appoints Linus (& 57 AD [2Tim4.21] Iren (Adv Haer3.3.3); Liberian Catalogue; Rufinus (pref to
Clementina) Apostolic Constitutions, 7:46 "Concerning the bishops
Anancletus) over church at
[overseers] who have been ordained in our lifetime, . . . OF THE
Rome CHURCH OF ROME, LINUS, SON OF CLAUDIA, WAS FIRST
ORDAINED BY PAUL, . . .”
Seneca made consul suffectus Second-half Inscription: DeRossi Bull.Chris. 1866, p.62

57
Correspondence with Seneca 58-64 A.D Hebrews Existed in the fourth century, for Jerome mentions it, says it was 'read
by many', and is led by it to insert Seneca in his catalogue of
Christian authors; Augustine also, quoting the genuine Seneca, says,
'of whom some letters to the apostle Paul are current read'. The
Pseudo-Linus inserts a paragraph in his Passion of Paul telling how
Seneca frequently conversed and corresponded with Paul, admired
him much, and read some of his writings to Nero.
Paul released, heads for Spain 58-61 AD [Rom 15:24,28 - The Ethiopic Theodoret (on #Php 1:25 2Ti 4:17) among others, say that after he Acts of Xanthippe 7
was released from his captivity, when he was brought before Nero, he
version reads it, "Lasitania", designing,
passed two years in Spain Clement of Rome speaks of the apostle as
no doubt, Lusitania, which was
having reached "the extreme limit of the West" (I Epistle, v).
formerly a part of Spain, now called
Portugal.]
Hebrews [Hebrew version] 59 AD [Heb_10:34]
Hebrews [Luke’s Greek ~60
Translation in Egypt]
Jude AD 61-2
James the martyred in 62 AD Apostles convene and appoint Simon, Hegessipus, Muratori Fragment Josephus
son of Cleopas, head of the Jerusalem
Jerusalem:
church “of the circumcision.” Greek
gospels of Matthew, Mark [revised], and
Luke are officially recognized; gospel of
John commissioned
Jerusalem (and Judaean) church 62-66 AD Eusebius; Epiphanius
migrate to Pella
Paul arrested - taken to II Timothy 4:16-17 [63]

Rome; preliminary hearing

2 Timothy137 autumn of 63 (cf. 2Tm 4, 21). Symeon Metaphrastes
Peter returns to Rome shortly
after; 2 Peter

137M. SORDI: The first victim of Nero’s decision to attack the Christians on the basis of the old senatusconsultum was, in my view, Paul, who was well known in court circles: the incrimination is testified to in the Second
Epistle to Timothy, written in the autumn of a year that could well be 63 (cf. 2Tm 4, 21). Paul was once more in prison in Rome, but this time awaiting sentence, but certainly not for the fire (precisely because he was under
“civil” arrest Paul could ask for books and a cloak).
Paul beheaded under “the January 25, Sept 23, 64? ClemR 5:4; martyr. Pauli; Mss Coliphons; The first victim of Nero’s decision to
Liber Pontificalis attack the Christians on the basis of
governors” of Nero; Linus (& 64? the old senatusconsultum was Paul,
Cletus) martyred who was well known in court circles
Peter appoints Clement; October 13, Apostolic Constitutions, 1:46 Tert (Praescr 22); Jer (deVirIll 15) The arrest and the sentence of Isadore Chronicon 70 “Because of
"Concerning the bishops [overseers] who Peter, together with that of the other Christians of Rome, was instead Simon [Magus]'s death, Peter was
crucified head down138 64 have been ordained in our lifetime, . . . to take place after the fire of 64: his martyrdom, by crucifixion in the crucified by Nero and Paul was
AND AFTER LINUS'S DEATH, horti neroniani (the gardens of Nero), cannot be separated - as killed with a sword. In this same
CLEMENT THE SECOND, collation of the description of Clemens Romanus (1Cor 5) and that of storm, Persius the poet died [AD
ORDAINED BY ME, PETER. – Tacitus (Annales XV, 44) reveals - from that of the multitudo ingens 64?]. In addition, Lucan [April 30, 65
Seneca, “Dial. Ad Marcia” in Moral (enormous crowd) – poly plethos that Nero offered as entertainment, AD] and Seneca [AD 65] were killed
Essays 6.20.3 with Origen (via Eusebius, along with a circense ludicrum (circus show), to the people of Rome, by order of Nero”
Eccl Hist 3:1) making available hortos suos (his gardens): Guarducci has suggested
the festivities of 13 October 64
Gospel of John the 65 AD published in Ephesus: Mss Coliphons

Beloved Disciple
1-2John
Apocalypse of Peter

66 Jewish Revolt begins

Ascension of Isaiah ~67 AD Tradition makes Philemon the bishop of Colosse (Apostolical
Constitutions, vii, 46), and the Greek Martyrology (Menae) for
Gospel of Peter November 22 tells us that he together with his wife and son and
Onesimus were martyred by stoning before Androcles, the governor,
in the days of Nero. With this the Latin Martyrology agrees (compare
Lightfoot, Ignatius, II, 535).
Acts of Paul AD 68 Ceresa-Gastaldo has shown that Jerome’s “care for the chronology is Shalom
constant and fundamental”; from this he was able to deduce from the
156421 and Chronicon that the “History of Paul” [incorporating the
earlier Acts of Paul and Thecla] was originally published between
AD 68-98 [Studia Patristica 15 (1984) 55-68]
Clements writes letter to 69-70 AD [Phil 4:3] Orig (comm. In Joan 1.29) Eus (Hist 3:15-16)
Corinthians;
70 Jerusalem/Temple destroyed
Pella church starts to migrate 72 Masada falls
back to Jerusalem;
Barnabas written in protest 74 AD

c. AD 85 Shepherd
[Preaching of Peter
[Preaching of Paul

138
Margherita Guarducci, who led the research leading to the rediscovery of Peter’s tomb in its last stages (1963-1968), concludes Peter died on October 13 A.D. 64 during the festivities on the occasion of the “dies imperii”
of Emperor Nero. This took place three months after the disastrous fire that destroyed Rome for which the emperor wished to blame the Christians. This “dies imperii” (regnal day anniversary) was an important one, exactly
ten years after Nero acceded to the throne, and it was ‘as usual’ accompanied by much bloodshed. M. SORDI: The arrest and the sentence of Peter, together with that of the other Christians of Rome, was instead to take place
after the fire of 64: his martyrdom, by crucifixion in the horti neroniani (the gardens of Nero), cannot be separated - as collation of the description of Clemens Romanus (1Cor 5) and that of Tacitus (Annales XV, 44) reveals -
from that of the multitudo ingens (enormous crowd) – poly plethos that Nero offered as entertainment, along with a circense ludicrum (circus show), to the people of Rome, making available hortos suos (his gardens):
AD 90 Papias’ Exegeses
AD 95-6 Revelation - Greek

c. 100 Acts of Andrew of Xenocharides & Leonidas

Acts of John at Rome

c. 138 Justin’s Dial. with R. Tarphon

C. 150 Leucian Acts of John

Epistle of the Apostles