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Unit 1

Data Structure

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85 views59 pages

Unit 1

Data Structure

Uploaded by

Arise and Shine
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
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Pnedse the tod UMIT 1 yet rp eogeenay eed i. Souckure of Q program 2. Compllokien and Pidkirig promases 3. Constants , Variables 4). Saka kypon. 5. Expressions wing oponakoss utc . 6. Monaguig up and ouk pu openakeons 1. Heciswon Matern and byanchung 3 Looping Statements ce Arrays, - Inthial zatcon —Declarvekion -1D) and Qo CUST AL 3 lo. skywqg 1Q. \3 - stying Oponakrony _ skyenig coNeYs Semple Prgrams Sen Seas chins + Makstig Oponakcons , progeane Skruckuve oF So Cc Pte ~ Tho genanal shuckuye of Q ¢ Psrgsan preprowdor divectives Gilobal declarations ‘une marr (void) vekwen, oF aN 3 > Psepsaore, divectiveg telly tha Preprrarnay to look fox special toda flibvares or prepare the wde fox bramlateyn als machine fanguap D Tha glebat declarations cra visible to ak pasts of the Program . fo) a Sanctions , weluding divided le ew local, dofinitton and dojiciidn Would bo ok Men can bo They are stata mogte . ocak Sectiosy Mra hoguining of the : 4 ot Funckiowy ) which ww! Jolowed f by gtalzment ° Sechtoyy . Sqhe aifresenca. bak ween dejiitton w& enpostount . SS Declouyakioy — cennotLn.cod tho pmpostin Of q doka obyeck OF A Sune - Tho mann Tearo, and Sunct ens a decleuraken and fon declaw unig data ocbyects XS Sor typo. chadecnig . DA dapiiicn actually sets — avide stovoge pac cx uidicallés tp Saquanta of Stalament bo ba camied cub. | , G@mpilakon NA Lerten protenses Qhase awa. oneunly 3% dteps iD weiking che pregran 2) compile. the —_ program =>) Erocaking ah > Fer dotng — thooa steps , SF twarye tomponantS splem ) A kext — editoy spremblay ond iver. b Be_UNeY Some_ Namely ox opanatch’g and the co Compiles 7 >the — editoy A Urad modify tho. Prat coda. Co Creole exneh She compiley Cran form the Pprogtom to object vada ! SOW eg ° Liking pre and ane hh thak eccy ne he erecting ee progam - |. Propmoena.ng Q compiling, 3 ileand jest. ce I corn ; pate | Speer propre I orien fost olgject ql ~bj Luke | 7. Eraukehld Sg reompletien prom. file : tert-ere } thak accepls coda, : : < woth Preproceas Shale and — pod ca “Sa pure Som Of 9 coda) aha Conkougys ® no feat Statomonts ikea hen: eepilas 3 tho ¢ complen ao Hep $i 50m the. ceepts spsctah file cated a Preprocurey Prascn My giv, C progr = meee ole Pruiclude estdis > wel cose - moun > 9 puts (welcome) 5 | 5 - Program exocstton. . The exterswh OF © prysam tw Cc. whe we seus thi progam , anothes, Sie with extasion -bak = get S generated . > Aster compiling and senmng thea progran, wo Siler gee gecenalct and extensions -Oby and -exe , ok) mmeand objech file, D>-ere wean exoutablo silo, > when ve compile 2 sun ™mypwg. co Wo get my prog. MY PY - obj My pw. Se. Pmweks wh A pwegearn | DSommenks — arre Stalamenls ut the, PHA so usbich OTO_ Non emacubordla - Dakwee. | ee x / v 7 and oukpuk cponetsts = ce lok, oy ore by seant 5 soma doko > Fapukkng ae ° on and oukpulhing oe pouting t * ct s “ console. (, dono Ys pounk$ Narnrables) 5 scans (geoma peeiston Newiatlen)s scans (YW 7a", avok’) 5 li Sorrmmak Pe wson Son eX pots Chormas speaset yvarvablos) 5 for ex: poukt (wd va) 3 keyword praywords ara the Standand wordy on cs RTH awa sererved words Whth = howe speao) (reaeuing . + AU \oywords ames uj Lowen cang ex — cane. counko bseale Contunne_ choy aeons dowbls lof aude do Qoto elso enum dong slook ee Sherk: wetwsn Sieh c wegutet Sjeeop Ex pod, sgnod Sut ch void shouck hd, une 1 unswnod, come ned : Bo colle etcor of ob phanmestic chataclers uw ustch the sivsh — chanactey mush nob bo quunenj c a % The MAME of the — idontigies Meant wot bo We kegeoorch ‘ Gollewey while deciding bry Feiler oiuloy anno vanviollo Namen . DMWe. Cyst Meg of Vo Yarsrablo must Rok bbe. digit os any spec tak chetractor especial — chareqciosS Such AD ta 4 aoe nok allowed, excep} under s como |e vevriable name w caso somitive. 4) Sho dongth os fhe Vorsjoblo, Nemo gq sacaty can be afwy, bul only Sisdk 3B) Charactes ame = yecognizad . s)c e owe hoyoords ame pok valk varrable. name Bl ) spac Row speetal Character s,commar guoter are pol otlocued oe Counts , tan_ id, zwse x Complants 2 Xyz The Speafic alpha batical or mumorrcof Naluo that nauent gets — changad — cur moe ty J Ma prermug OF the Uihuctoonn | Venialblos ‘ > program — oparate on cata - > Voniable Gan idenigiey for a memery Recaisy . Variables arma q wory OF sesonvinlg moemosy to hold eye) iN or Gi) names to thom - We variable dafiristeon us Wk selayy = 65000 5 AW vasrables hove 3 cmpestank abbyibule% 4 A data typo trot vw establihad when tho Vaniakla dy dofenad) - 2.9 lesan, weal) chasactox * A name of the. yorsrablo * A Nelua — thok = con a changed by anngrung a new Value bo the variable >In ¢) a vecoviable runt lho Aaclarred pefeve ak can ho wrod > varviaba can bo lacked ak tho stax ef any block of coda. ThA SENVAD Q pursposos, D>Fivst > UE gwen the cornpiley precsa Whesmakwo abou: he amount oF Memes y Mek will bo Quien owen cl Vaniabla secondly, “uk pw dey — tho vompy lox Lei Hy a EBT og the aniable . Lom hes : ot o a Ege) aS vor gaka kypon can be broadly closntfeac «98? oa ee vy ¥ Deka typa Sizo (bye) Ronga_ chan S —las Fo 1acd st : — 2 74e3b4yR. FO "a a ee 2) yA SSby 7 floak BQ 1. eT Sya k [53% be 3. yorerxtoz® doubla by 3.22507 Kr CO void 3 \tatbq xie Voluclery - TN additroy c has’ 4 type. speettrers ov modifiers and 3 byepe gralipiar S. Tha bygo epentfions OTe 2 KSi20 _SpedfiewS _ehest and Long ~ SBN spectfieys -syred ond unsignad, Gho wee — rolifters oo * Type quelisi ss — const volalibe and sorbet . fre St gquebisiers atken Eno. si2a. OF Xho pantie doko kypan: * chee ae two gqucdifes can bo une win tho data typa mb ; treac. cra short and ong , DS Tha Spectfiar Short, uh feomt of the cab teof the compiloy that the particulars Variable ub c a eS ee eee Steve smell uilGgon volluos « Allowed combuatiom of barre Mmodtfeas uy co Beka Lope che unsigned choy stnod clhooy cite tansened We sgred we shot cht uns@red — shest ink Sgnod sherk tnt Jong ail: unsigned Long wk Sgnad — Plone at Feak dloublo ong double 4 dloka types cand gen 16 Bie compuldx ai: hits) aya ryt) gb bat BERR o Program — stoterrenk wee statement wa syntactta commu ction >A v that performs an action odhon program % erecuted - SS AY c paorarh slatemonts ase lesmnalad witty Sem colon C5) SA pwqram — statesronk on Ga can ha cloanitied 1. selection staternonk S Q- stevation stalasnant S a. Jump stolamank S og H Declaration s Expression stole nent ee compound lola ment 4. lelbeled — stalarmanks S. Gontrs\ stokarnank Siffenonk typos a — * 13 eclarohon 5st a program statement: thak Serves to He Sanguaga tramplakey bo communicala kypa of bho formation about to nana and doko, objecis neaded dweeng prgram emacukion + Eyvesswon Stalaront An expression Ba Sequence Os oprtakors cand, opetands tak specttzs — Compukalcwen OF A Volue, wah wD June an expresso . bub men, Ga Stokerrank - Compound — slolasnant” Te db a Sequonce OF Stolaments thal # AY may bo bred an a Sinaloa stobemonk of Phe Comsuctey OF =~ Mewsgont stolerneaks - Jobsled stalamonks — ees can bo wad bo mak any Stalament moan, be bramfessed 6 the stolamenk - ze so ‘ral cont oh clolamencé by switch contes| stolarmant: st a Statement j whith — dekerrmeng flow OF conol un a program. | z the, selection Stalasnants 1 I et ake celects posti cube exaruktore path Foor & eck of cra WH MNS odkornabivey ee en else — Stallanant - Stevakion skalarronks Vesa Slalasnanks va. una to execuila Q grup OF PH OF HESS ctolarnonk S xopeatedly ex. while » fo and do. whrda Sump Stalasnents Ze commen an unconditwral Yemp bo Soma other place oF HO Geeta . goto Stalameat Selly . 4 wy Managing cape ond oukput operations 1s Baric scsaan and “\tauboad Zlo wie Low © poudon several Function thek Que ' Aeggerank «sds OF NB and pvp AE Capelility . x. stddn + Connectsl — Eo he hoxlooous A %skdoul | Lonreclod ko the seseen Aether : wnneclad to tho Semeon. he, Follaroueg a deka shams ce awaitabla. of menos laneod compekess - Buk nol of MIA. ‘ob KSA QU + conrecisd to tho Sisst sew Communication we y%stdprn : comneclad bo ho Sivsk poss attol, pon ken, Posk - > We stds. > hssdor Silo, bonrann’ bho Nous ekow> declsrokenn — MEcrneescs for tha Sunckeny 5 qha npae| curpak Suncitoriy howe Ewe Cakegori er - s& Non Soxmotited —-seoch. Comput and duiplay Coukput) Sunckons - % Formnabted soak Conput > and display Coulpud) Sanckoom « 4 | : a ee eEeeEEEeeeee eee Tee Seuatlt np anh auth eS ab can handle ore charactes ab a dunn. For Kho npue forces does nok vequive to be pooorad —eftex tha. enhy of whe chavactey - S for oatprt functeoms , ae peaks a singlo, on he. Con: charactor ewgle chenacter mpi ond owe A numbas OF Sancta poovidko Soy oviensd unpule and oukpuk - charactor Somat The doclawaton Wk gotcha (oid), cats gubchas Cate SD 3 5 pte BON input Sunctesip Ehek ready aA mput a ete chor ack or feory na 9 ‘Suanchort input — oukpue Suncetwh thak uosites -> pakchas wd an a swdlo characte, on Hho standard ovtpak dovica )» Be dd Ploy Soret cee le functor» gees ey & parsc> thak asso unad to wea and voribe Shugs fron and to the houpoasd and by gesnon . Sud plays Sema —-veopectively , chasacter anpue Vy go sead Ot sung lo. chovracher Srom the genoxal Sor OF the stesamant Suncton 3 gwen *sarilo og hoa A ) re gokchevs ©) uaad to cath the om Sollrvos chovt _xantable = gokchoy cys ->Mre — getchas unpae functe? 5 e coi Moy thy, oronactet dak a entered ,through the_ \eeuporsd and — placa Re cy Es Gataad) leet attotkat co Me yootialle char -variable - Gre. Solow) toda Ae oN oha O| = aakchoy 6 > oun i “ hawactot scead S50 the eyo ua the Dude uke 5 tthe yoniaalo © ch, guns. chasactes oukpe > eukchar ° writes & cher actos co the. Beg | cone temeam > ensuccer? puchar wekurny Khe chewattes > on esrort pukeher sewers EoF Sho gpronck Sos D puch (chase _vastable) 5 gt eg bytes attested ee . £1 chegecnone, foo a I ghoradios Hw Stewed Uy howen percha Ceh)5 2 chesackas A pooled on dho Ssemean . ee Addiorias Suncton a8 — sergle chawactos unpuk end outpile” . getchey > dhis unpuk — Sunctwd seads, without echong | on tho Sevoag , a single, chasactey SIN Ne. keyboard and mmediakely sekusny thak characte, oO tho prgsagn. gEnotak — Lorry ch =gekchey', Bekchec) S shy wmpuk Funct seads j wilh echo on the = Sevoan pa Single chasactey 4som the hoyboasd and mmodiately wekweny thal chasactos bo the peogram . genenal Sesry on = gekcha oO, parche> Sunctoy writes tha davectly to tho Scmoon . characte, on succeay tha — functeon prbches wobusy pouiled . On essox jak vekturny EOP. General SB Lose the Charrackos pukch (ch) 5 when 3k W Unrad tH PeEgraws , tho above Lunes saguise the hacdoy file word to la UWcludod | “Formatted ‘uipwt and oukpur functor 19 momenee ‘Ap oie SEONGFC) function urad tO weed Soxmattad doka, Seon — tho reaboord - The sy nto oO Scan ¢ C8 contra sheng \ argt) aga .-: aan) ; > tonhel shug — apecitids type and fotmel of tho Gata to lea. oblamad oom tho ray boovtd The postetype A LExToain) Croditon} Egre Sf a an opreoped orgumon = widiih Gan opreenal asqumony hak speditws The maximum pumas of cheracters bo ba read , - snodtcan 3 am opteerial oveguarek j which modi fas dha Aypo Speedy aw Ch,zes Ly hh for Shore unk | Tw fey dong uw | nod for done dole - | Type Buodifone wapel | Le suple chow actey | Ya, Yd Ube gon Volvos YESLF 79 Floakeng — pore Velira_ | Lo Lox octal numbo! 7.8 saqyene 06 Shug 1 ZO fos vasansd wank 7K homa decimal value wake ot Sean RAZ yg, anum >» | PESO , Fhe pak funcesh 4 wad fo clus plecy the ut formake'y regres by the W301 | Pe paats Com sunken | ee Dertp CO conrsel sheng, oe) a cg a) | The!" prostypa’ Aaslersten : 1 legs} Loidin L-pvecisei’) Dreditea] tone shu tmasl bogs with 97) S49, Seach woteul gields ore optoral 5 Hegs, width » preciste) » s Steak X= BIOS , ranks 7") (slalelo| -| 7] 6] poars ( Ze$" XY) CP Jala]o Jol -| ae x] ( operators and expresses ay Lee oes symbek thok Spect{tas An — opanekox wn : nccladcosad oparationy tro. grothamelicad » degi cod ) os to ba perfowrad Aho clans $izokwon OF opontator S wie Asitiernetic = oparakots Wc Nsvomatic OPA S ; Bee om F ee OF anivnrnoric, OPSTALNS vac Shey aro. BUOY, , ENON and bemasty, Binal oponakors sy C provides F basic anithmale buiony — oparators - eines ome example + Add! 1244.4 - subkractten 8-48 4 a Mali pli cakion, Qxzy / divisor A]a.c x. Rarnan' don 13 %2 Ilsives 4 rernarn cton 0%) 7 th : Except Se a mit of AGiar an opt apontalesS can — eecceP' cstitveete — OP™ poiands and we ct openaters > Tho unatg S~ ' openoley NAN © ni rand reget o> ne Nabiio 8 § Ws Op ~ Anpihon gqroeep oO nog oponct as awatahle, He UO annt mcsesnont an decnasront opsrator, cme uneny “++ "! and * —~" opeiabts cpeme moar docsomonk the ov wy Naniable by : Vore+ DS tu & post memament> tivet > pre wWeseemoanl- Boric nulen Gor asing a+ and —— operates % The opsiand pust bo 4 Voantable buk nok a cemtank oF an expyession | * Tha opatatoy +4 and __ may precoad or succeadh the. oparend , Bee ieee Saf sk a pre openates | tha velo of the opmrand = ty leramontad byore ak YW fetched for tha fornputatron > when the Opanatoy & placad eyters tho Oparand , the Nalue of tha cparand hongad ates sk UWrad | ° 23 > C psuid Shc selakwnal opsiaters foy compucene} Dumostic ZUantitwis - ~> Relatosiob opaiakors Volyala tol, ~wepsancnting tho, Kua ouktoma.) os © 4 epreascatig tha fala outcome. ee) acteoty exomple. = Eequok sats [* aves teh Sias Hauer o%f - VW = wot equak 2 ein 6 6.5 Peawes 1) fn Joan Wren of eqpoh «= S SES 1 gwkos 1% > gseals Shan goss Fou OF Se qooatsn dhon os each Gs>es [FIMO IY > The selckwie) oporctors, crould rot ho wach Sox composi srg dogicd opmatess SS 5 C guides 3 Segicad oporalers He Sovmuna, — Sogicad expression > Like ‘welakiodah — oparrbers, Logical oponas evaluated b© | oF O- os => oce pagakwh Ga unary opmabar 2 A 7 s vt Tat eerie / 4 on > dogicad ® AND producon O 44 ONO ay.” Yor ats opotands — eyadue, FO 0, othetwi so _ produc 1 > dogi cal oR porducon ob, 4 bor aly Opariend evaluate Lo 0. othoswiso de: produ cos 1. opsrakos Action excepto. Panu \ Jogiecd cagakiop 1 (s2=5) ° ze dogical AWD BL a2 646 ° \ dogicak oR & 2b\\ 645 1 Ribvise opmakors oh C < goovidon 6 bitwise eparalers for Maas pubakig We Wdividuch bits Gi an Hlegey gpeatity, . WexOkox acken Somple = Biwise pepkon 3 Bikwisea And 1 Bitwisa oR x Bituise Beloive og “& Bitwise. My shigte > Bitwise Pgh sha: We gpranal = Losin OF Ka ehL shyt anc Myl gig lebron Newsies — nesna SD cumboy of Kit posibiony Noniaile name & neuslaox of bk postion . 2 ——— Ss Assenmank — Opanrckor 2 he gonanol fern Of eargnenont: Stallimoat g Nasioble. namo = eupsessen > Sey example Leo by Ataris oonignmonk Opanaked can ha. divrelad enly Aiea, lypon Dsumple ospgnmont - > = Q) Compound — araunmoat AS pS aks Je yp MEP RSIANG, S)eupwessien 209 § NMa_ I A = 5+ Co=84 Co=2y -y She compound — a@angnmonk —-erpvessund a Frag wonky Neco y wy compuker¥ pry ko trae == Bo ¥nrnosik Sur AD nenas can ba elno written cy axr=5 N*=5 nj/=s Ny=S 5 example Huvcludo Letdw-hS me mari C) F cae Cte epi See neo eos a 2 _ — F — — enamel Wocnet 7 Yaz ae Posesi 5 Z aed -ly 4 pres OYSQ ae yd boyd eax dend, Ay b, oe, ADS veklurn 0} 2 outpul: AeA bay es a= 4 > psiosits OF FHA aang nment Oponaboy ko ha Dowes han tha priowtws of all the ors\Ynrnay cc Openekoy S Sex enomple_ Ks rKstyes ) Tho products ABs anh eS CMA evoluabed — fivst, bho sum 6+ o enpuiah — out , Levatly tre aaagynmank of Q6 Wy mada to *. ne ) 2 Keak CBA) *SY us “210 5 Mionditwiot oparahor as 24 Tho cwnditerial operates has 3 expression). Te han tre — gern §— Soven. expresso | 2 expression | expresstop 8 & evolluated » He vs bwoolad Fissk express | aD a Jogica conbitton . 4§ tre senulk & non Zero, tran expression Q & eraduolsg and th value WB bho fural soot. Otheswise, expression 3” i evaluated and Wh value & Ye Siwwal — -wenubl. oh, wk mal, HQ mA J mh a Cm enim if) 3 puma | renoes Ghis operates allows, tho Qvaluat cori og srt ply expressios , seporahad by the comma , Foor SAE bo sgh ety onlay and Era evolualad Value of the Wghk Mosk expression acceplos A tha Fuial, Sodus: - Tha. geratoh Sogn 09 Cupuession “aly comma, oporokow w expression Wa (euprosnioi 1, exproontcnQ) .- 6. exprornton 0) whore o- = XP GOMDeND awe. valuatss ~ to o . Shiely Avot) diye Frye ond iy valiuny divcenrded) cmap dey dhe Sizeof opmiakor 5 se ead for Coleulaking be Si2a. op deka Mein os type. Sst thoy A sale oponand thak mey toa. a taupe nema oF ON expression and. sears the clze of Hho Speette annity i Ryko: Huidada 2etdth 12 | We wean C) g = yarpytest, si2e0r Cehan)), pouk¢ Cichor Size = 7.a& bytes", a\2a0g (short); prenk § (usher size wekwen 0) 3 ol == cha, size =! byte shosk Size =? byker- Expression Evalluabied) - precedents & atyectativihy when Move ts move then ONO oparatoy jak wd the selakve. ocetuseng uA an expression Piovit’, of tho opanakors SAY ssespect to exch otha, thet with Aokenrmn che ordar vill bee FT . precadanca A whith — hee expression prioky \enson\ as > the poocadence, eS operators Aokesminas ice eee geo eNaUKEA: Th priosty B Kroon Prerodonca .

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