NAME : S.

INIYAVAL

REG No : 122011101463

DEPT : B.tech BIOTECHNOLOGY 2nd YEAR

NAME OF THE INDUSTRY : ARIGNAR ANNA SUGAR MILL.

DATE OF VISIT : 3/2/2024

Aim of the industrial visit :

 To explore the entire sugar production process at XYZ Sugar
Factory,understanding it's manufacturing sustainability.
1.It provides an opportunity for students to ask questions related to their area of
interest.
2. Using the case study approach within the visit to bring out the critical thinking
among students.

Objectives

● Investigate the sugarcane cultivation practices and their impact on sugar

quality.
● Examine the manufacturing flow from sugarcane harvesting to final sugar
packaging.
● Explore the effluent treatment process to understand the factory's
environmental consciousness.
● Analyze various unit operations involved in sugar production, focusing on
efficiency and innovation.
● Evaluate the factory's commitment to sustainability and its efforts to address
industry challenges.

Name of the industry : Aringar anna sugar mill.Manufacturing flow diagram

Pic: Outlook Of The Sugar Mil

Place of the industry: Thanjavur.

Manufacturing flow diagram

Effluent treatment flow diagram

 ABSTRACT:
sugar is one of the old commodities in the world . It can be produced from sugarcane,
sugar beet or other crops having sugar content. Wide applications of sugar make
massive
demand in the domestic including international market. An assessment of
environmental impact for sugar processing industry has done in terms of production,
processing, recycling,
and utilization. Sugarcane mill has a significant contribution on government revenue
and employment opportunities. It has other goodness like the development of
community system and
administrative aspects of the environmental management plan.
The purpose of the study to focus the importance of sugar industry including
process, the resource required and products formed along with sources of pollution
and built-in mitigation
measures with respect to wastewater, gaseous emissions, and solid wastes. Sugar
industry by-products are now being used as raw material in the production of
valuable products, which
provides employment to the rural people and also have a potential to earn forging
exchange by the export. The discussion of this study shows that sugar industry did
not involve in a
generation of harmful chemical substance neither the product has an effect on
surrounding environment. It comes under the green industry, which maintained zero
discharge.
The arignar anna sugar mill is one of the units of the Tamil Nadu sugar corporation
limited. It is ISO 9001-2008 certified industry. To fill the gap this study intended to
asses the role of
material management in arignar anna mill and its over the profitability. The sugar
industry are basically depending upon the agricultural production, geographical and
climate
conditions. Management of material has the biggest problem for many years of the
sugar mill in production of sugar.
UNIT OPERATIONS INVOLVED IN SUGAR INDUSTRY.

INTRODUCTION
Our visit to Arignar anna Sugar Factory provided a fascinating glimpse into the
intricate process of sugar production. Nestled amidst sprawling fields of sugarcane,
the factory stands as a testament to the seamless blend of agriculture and industry.
India has long been regarded as the birthplace of sugar and sugarcane.

Pic:
another phase of the mil

After Brazil, India is the world's second-largest sugarcane producer .As

on 2020, around 28.9 (17%) million tons of sugar is produced in India. The largest
producers are Brazil stands 29.93 (22%) million tons, and the third largest producers
are European Union stands17.3 (10%) million tons.
Materials management is an indispensable business activity that deals with the
procurement, storage, control, and movement of materials and
supplies used in the final products development.
It is extremely significant in the sugar industry and plays a crucial role in the
development of economic growth.
Material management faces numerous problems and challenges in sugar mills,
including a lack of flexibility, a lack of information flow, inadequate material handling,
and improper inventory control, a high cost of sugar production, poor factory
maintenance, a low sugar extraction rate, old technology, insufficient cane storage,
and wastage in the cane yard.
These issues can be solved in the sugar industry by adopting effective material
management with using proper preparation and control.

SUGAR MANUFACTURING PROCESS

1.Extraction
2.Clarification
3.Evaporation
4.Centrifugation
5.Packaging

Objectives

● Investigate the sugarcane cultivation practices and their impact on sugar

quality.
● Examine the manufacturing flow from sugarcane harvesting to final sugar
packaging.
● Explore the effluent treatment process to understand the factory's
environmental consciousness.
● Analyze various unit operations involved in sugar production, focusing on
efficiency and innovation.
● Evaluate the factory's commitment to sustainability and its efforts to address
industry challenges.

EXTRACTION
Pic: Cutter Used To Separate The Juice From The Raw Sugarcane

The extraction process in a sugar factory is a crucial stage where sugarcane is

transformed into raw juice, the precursor to the crystallized sugar we commonly use.
This process involves several steps to ensure efficient extraction and high-quality
juice.
EXTRACTION OF JUICE: The sugarcane is passed through preparatory devices
like knives for cutting the stalks into the chips before being subjected to
crushing in a milling tandem comprising 4 to 6 roller mills. In the best milling
practice, more than 95% of the sugar of cane is extracted into the juice

CLARIFICATION

The clarification process in sugar production is a vital stage where impurities present
in sugarcane juice are removed, leading to a cleaner and more refined product. This
process involves several steps to ensure the elimination of unwanted substances and
the production of a clear juice suitable for further processing.
clarification not only removes undesirable elements but also sets the stage for
subsequent steps in the sugar manufacturing process. The careful control of pH,
heating, settling, and filtration ensures the production of a clear and pure juice that
meets the standards required for the production of high-grade sugar.

STEPS INVOLVED IN CLARIFICATION :

Juice Extraction: Sugarcane is crushed to extract the juice.
Heating: The extracted juice is heated to coagulate proteins and
facilitate the separation of impurities.
Addition of Lime: Lime (calcium hydroxide) is added to the
heated juice to raise its pH and form insoluble calcium salts with
certain impurities, such as pectin and some proteins.
Settling: The juice is then allowed to settle in large tanks, during
which time the insoluble impurities form a layer at the bottom of the
tank, known as "mud".
Filtration: The clarified juice is then filtered to remove any
remaining suspended solids.
Carbonation(Optional): Sometimes, carbon dioxide gas is
bubbled through the juice to remove any remaining impurities and to
adjust the pH further.
 EVAPORATION
The evaporation process is a critical step in sugar production, creating the
concentrated syrup necessary for the subsequent formation of sugar crystals. The
efficiency and precision of this stage significantly impact the quality and yield of the
final sugar product.
Diluted sugar juice becomes raw sugar and molasses in the evaporation process
after a specified amount of water is removed by evaporation. Thermal energy
required for water evaporation is provided by steam condensation.
The boiler generates high-pressure steam that is supplied to the steam turbine
for power generation.
Evaporation usually takes place in a multiple effect evaporator heated with steam.
Evaporators use a lot of heat and if not controlled, this will accumulate a lot of
costs that affect the overall economy of the mill.

CENTRIFUGATION

In Sugar Mill Industries, the main objective of Centrifugal Screens is to separate sugar
crystals from the molasses. This happens to be the commercial form of sugar. This
process is performed in a centrifugal piece of equipment by the code of centrifugal
force .
These are used to separate the sugar and the mother liquor from the crystalline
suspension. The sugar can then be dissolved or mashed in the centrifuge before it is
fed into a
further processing stage.
The centrifuges used in the production of sugar are designed
for processing massecuite, a mixture of sugar crystals and
molasses, which is produced by the crystallization phase of
sugar refining.
The centrifugal spins the massecuite in a perforated basket at speeds of up to
1200 rpm

PACKAGING PROCESS
 The packaging process is crucial for ensuring that the refined sugar reaches
consumers in a convenient and marketable form.
Automation, precision, and quality control measures play vital roles in this
stage, contributing to the overall efficiency and reliability of the sugar production and
distribution process.
Material management plays a critical role in proper shipping and
packaging. Inventory, transportation, and manufacturing are all
integrated in it. The long-term customer loyalty approach is depend
upon product packaging and delivery.
The packaging process involves filling bags or container with the
appropriate amount of sugar.
The bags are then sealed and labeled with relevant information such as weight,
and production date. Quality control is an essential part of the sugar packaging
process.

DISTRIBUTION

In, material management has a responsible role for moving products from the factory
to the point of sale or customer. It is used in warehousing to store and maintain
products properly.
Customer satisfaction and loyalty are extremely important.
Summary of the visit / outcome of the visit:

The visit to Arignar anna Sugar Factory provided a comprehensive understanding of

the sugar production process, from sugarcane cultivation to the final refined product.
The factory's commitment to sustainable practices and its efficient manufacturing
flow showcased the harmonious integration of technology and environmental
responsibility. The effluent treatment process highlighted the factory's dedication to
minimizing its environmental impact. This visit not only deepened our knowledge of
sugar production but also underscored the industry's ongoing efforts to balance
economic viability with ecological sustainability.