Exp. No.
: 1 Plain Turning
Date:
Aim:
To machine a workpiece to the required dimensions by performing facing, turning and chamfering
operations by using a lathe machine.
Materials Required:
Workpiece material: Mild Steel Rod
Tool material: High Speed Steel (HSS)
Design Dimensions:
Raw material size:
Diameter: , Length:
Drawing size:
Diameter: 30 mm, Length: 80 mm
Machine & Tools Required:
Lathe,
Turning tool,
Vernier caliper,
Steel rule,
Chuck key,
Cleaning brush.
Diagram:
Scale 1:1
Size Diameter Length
Raw material
Drawing 30 80
Product
All dimensions are in “mm”.
Procedure:
1. Hold the workpiece in a three-jaw chuck with sufficient overhanging.
2. Adjust the machine to run the workpiece to a required cutting speed.
3. Fix the cutting tool in the tool post and perform the centering operation so that the axis of the
workpiece coincides with axis of the lathe.
4. Switch on the Lathe and start machining process by giving the feed & depth of cut to the cutting
tool.
5. Perform the Facing operation from the center of the workpiece towards outwards or from the
circumference towards the center of the workpiece.
6. Perform the Plain turning operation until the diameter of the workpiece reduces to 30 mm.
7. Then Perform the chamfering operation at the end of the surface with dimension of 1 mm x
45°.
8. Check the dimensions using vernier caliper.
9. Reverse the workpiece in the chuck and again perform facing, turning and chamfering
operations on the workpiece.
10. Check the dimensions using vernier caliper.
11. Switch off the Lathe and remove the workpiece from the chuck.
Result:
Thus, the workpiece is machined successfully to the required dimensions by performing facing,
turning and chamfering operations by using a lathe machine.
Exp. No.: 2 Step Turning
Date:
Aim:
To machine a workpiece to the required dimensions by performing facing, turning, chamfering
and step turning operations by using a lathe machine.
Materials Required:
Workpiece material: Mild Steel Rod
Tool material: High Speed Steel (HSS)
Design Dimensions:
Raw material size:
Diameter: , Length:
Drawing size:
Diameter: D1 = 28 mm, D2 = 26 mm
Length: L1 = 40 mm, L2 = 35 mm, LT = 75 mm
Machine & Tools Required:
Lathe,
Turning tool, Parting tool
Vernier caliper,
Steel rule,
Chuck key,
Cleaning brush.
Diagram:
Scale 1:1
Size Diameter Length Total Length
D1 D2 L1 L2 LT
Raw material
Drawing 28 26 40 35 75
Product
All dimensions are in “mm”.
Procedure:
1. Hold the workpiece in a three-jaw chuck with sufficient overhanging.
2. Adjust the machine to run the workpiece to a required cutting speed.
3. Fix the cutting tool in the tool post and perform the centering operation so that the axis of the
workpiece coincides with axis of the lathe.
4. Switch on the Lathe and start machining process by giving the feed & depth of cut to the cutting
tool.
5. Perform the Facing operation from the center of the workpiece towards outwards or from the
circumference towards the center of the workpiece.
6. Perform the Plain turning operation until the diameter of the workpiece reduces to 28 mm.
7. Then Perform the chamfering operation at the end of the surface with dimension of 1 mm x
45°.
8. Check the dimensions using vernier caliper.
9. Reverse the workpiece in the chuck and Perform the Step turning operation until the diameter
of the workpiece reduces to 26 mm.
10. Then again perform facing and chamfering operations on the workpiece.
11. Check the dimensions using vernier caliper.
12. Switch off the Lathe and remove the workpiece from the chuck.
Result:
Thus, the workpiece is machined successfully to the required dimensions by performing facing,
turning, chamfering and step turning operations by using a lathe machine.
Exp. No.: 3 Knurling with Taper Turning
Date:
Aim:
To machine a workpiece to the required dimensions by performing facing, turning, chamfering,
parting, knurling and taper turning operations by using a lathe machine.
Materials Required:
Workpiece material: Mild Steel Rod
Tool material: High Speed Steel (HSS)
Design Dimensions:
Raw material size:
Diameter: , Length:
Drawing size:
Diameter: D1 = 26 mm, D2 = 20 mm, D3 = 24 mm, D4 = 19.63 mm
Length: L1 = 35 mm, L2 = 10 mm, L3 = 25 mm, LT = 75 mm
Machine & Tools Required:
Lathe,
Turning tool, Parting tool, Knurling tool,
Vernier caliper,
Steel rule,
Chuck key,
Cleaning brush.
Diagram:
Scale 1:1
Size Diameter Length Total
Length
D1 D2 D3 D4 L1 L2 L3 LT
Raw
material
Drawing 26 20 24 19.63 35 10 25 75
Product
All dimensions are in “mm”.
Procedure:
1. Hold the workpiece in a three-jaw chuck with sufficient overhanging.
2. Adjust the machine to run the workpiece to a required cutting speed.
3. Fix the cutting tool in the tool post and perform the centering operation so that the axis of the
workpiece coincides with axis of the lathe.
4. Switch on the Lathe and start machining process by giving the feed & depth of cut to the cutting
tool.
5. Perform the Facing operation from the center of the workpiece towards outwards or from the
circumference towards the center of the workpiece.
6. Perform the Plain turning operation until the diameter of the workpiece reduces to 26 mm.
7. Perform the Knurling operation over the length of 35 mm.
8. Then Perform the chamfering operation at the end of the surface with dimension of 1 mm x
45°.
9. Check the dimensions using vernier caliper.
10. Reverse the workpiece in the chuck and Perform the Step turning operation until the diameter
of the workpiece reduces to 24 mm.
11. Perform parting till 20 mm using parting tool and then again perform facing operation.
12. Perform taper turning operation by swiveling the compound rest to the 5° angle.
13. Check the dimensions using vernier caliper.
14. Switch off the Lathe and remove the workpiece from the chuck.
Result:
Thus, the workpiece is machined successfully to the required dimensions by performing facing,
turning, chamfering, parting, knurling and taper turning operations by using a lathe machine.
Exp. No.: 4 Spur Gear Cutting
Date:
Aim:
To machine the spur gear teeth by using a milling machine.
Materials Required:
Workpiece material: Cast Iron
Tool material: High Speed Steel
Machine & Tools Required:
Milling machine,
Simple indexing chuck,
Involute milling cutter,
Gear tooth vernier,
Spanners,
Lathe, turning tool, drill bit (for preparing the blank),
Steel rule.
Diagram:
Scale 1:1
All dimensions are in “mm”.
Calculations:
Given data:
Module, M = 2 mm
Number of teeth, Z = 72
Calculations:
i) Blank diameter, D = M(Z+2) = 148 mm
ii) Teeth depth, h = 2.25M = 4.5 mm
iii) Face width, b = 6M to 10M
b = 10M = 20 mm
iv) Index crank
movement, T = 40 / N = 10 / 18
Note:
Here 40 turns of the crank pin are necessary to rotate the index head spindle through one revolution
i.e. one complete turn of the index crank will cause the worm wheel to move 1/40th of a revolution.
Index plates are used to facilitate indexing to fractions of a turn.
In this case, T = 10 / 18.
Now select the 18 holes circle in the index plate and move the index crank up to 10th hole and fix
the crank in that hole.
Procedure:
1. Prepare the blank for spur gear cutting by performing facing, turning, chamfering and drilling
by using the lathe machine.
2. Hold the blank in a simple indexing chuck which is fixed on the bed of the milling machine.
3. Adjust the speed ratio to the desired spur gear tooth profile.
4. Place the index pin to the calculated hole on the index plate.
5. Switch on the machine.
6. Give the depth of cut on the workpiece.
7. Switch off the machine when the spur gear teeth are machined.
8. Check the gear tooth using gear tooth vernier.
Result:
Thus, the spur gear teeth are machined successfully by using a milling machine.
Exp. No.: 5 Cube Milling
Date:
Aim:
To machine a workpiece and make a cube by performing milling operation by using horizontal
milling machine.
Materials Required:
Workpiece material: Cast Iron
Tool material: High Speed Steel
Design Dimensions:
Raw material size:
Length = ,
Width = ,
Depth =
Drawing size:
Length = # mm,
Width = # mm,
Depth = # mm
Machine & Tools Required:
Horizontal milling machine,
Slab / Plain milling cutter,
Vernier caliper,
Chalk,
Ball peen hammer,
Center punch,
Try square,
Steel rule.
Diagram:
Scale 1:1
Size Length Width Depth
Raw material
Drawing # # #
Product
All dimensions are in “mm”.
Procedure:
1. Measure the initial dimensions of the raw material using vernier caliper and note down.
2. Mark the cutting line on the workpiece using a center punch.
3. Hold the workpiece in a vice which is fixed on the bed of the milling machine.
4. Adjust the height of the machine vice so that the workpiece just touches the milling cutter and
set the particular height as zero i.e. reference point.
5. Switch on the machine.
6. Give depth of cut on the workpiece and then give feed on the workpiece throughout the length.
7. Repeat the sixth step until the required dimension is achieved.
8. Switch off the machine.
9. Remove the workpiece and measure the dimensions.
10. Repeat the same procedure to machine other sides of the workpiece.
Result:
Thus, the workpiece is machined successfully, thereby cube is obtained by performing milling
operation by using a horizontal milling machine.
Exp. No.: 6 Cube Shaping
Date:
Aim:
To machine a workpiece and make a cube by performing shaping operation by using shaping
machine.
Materials Required:
Workpiece material: Cast Iron
Tool material: High Speed Steel
Design Dimensions:
Raw material size:
Length = ,
Width = ,
Depth =
Drawing size:
Length = # mm,
Width = # mm,
Depth = # mm
Machine & Tools Required:
Shaping machine,
Single point cutting tool,
Vernier caliper,
Chalk,
Ball peen hammer,
Center punch,
Try square,
Steel rule.
Diagram:
Scale 1:1
Size Length Width Depth
Raw material
Drawing # # #
Product
All dimensions are in “mm”.
Procedure:
1. Measure the initial dimensions of the raw material using vernier caliper and note down.
2. Mark the cutting line on the workpiece using a center punch.
3. Hold the workpiece in a vice which is fixed on the bed of the shaping machine.
4. Switch on the machine.
5. Move the cross – rail slowly and remove excess material.
6. Switch off the machine.
7. Remove the workpiece and measure the dimensions.
8. Repeat the same procedure to machine other sides of the workpiece.
Result:
Thus, the workpiece is machined successfully, thereby cube is obtained by performing shaping
operation by using a shaping machine.
Exp. No.: 7 Surface Grinding
Date:
Aim:
To machine a workpiece by performing surface grinding operation to reducing the thickness and
increasing the surface finish by using a surface grinding machine.
Materials Required:
Workpiece material: Mild Steel Blank
Tool material: Abrasive grinding wheel
Design Dimensions:
Raw material size:
Length = ,
Breadth = ,
Thickness =
Drawing size:
Length = # mm,
Breadth = # mm,
Thickness = # mm
Machine & Tools Required:
Surface grinding machine,
Abrasive grinding wheel,
Vernier caliper,
Steel rule,
Cleaning brush.
Diagram:
Scale 1:1
Size Length Breadth Thickness
Raw material
A
B
C (Product) # # #
All dimensions are in “mm”.
Procedure:
1. Measure the initial dimensions of the raw material using vernier caliper and note down.
2. Hold the workpiece in a magnetic chuck of the surface grinding machine.
3. Adjust the depth of cut of the wheel to 1 mm.
4. Do the grinding operation continuously without stopping in the middle of the operation.
5. Remove the workpiece and clear the chuck.
6. Flip the workpiece so that the other side can grind.
7. Follow the same steps mentioned above to grind the other surface.
Result:
Thus, the workpiece is machined successfully, thereby surface finish is increased by performing
surface grinding operation by using a surface grinding machine.
