Example: kinulang sa time

Research Reviewer Example: a researcher wants to make a

Lesson 1 - Scope and Delimitation stamp pad

Scope & Delimitation Delim: narrow down what leaf will be

 2 crucial aspects that define used
the boundaries of the studies. Lim: shelf life, storage etc.
 Help establish clear parameter and
context for researchers. Importance of S. A. D
✓ Focus and Direction
 Kung saan aabot/abot ang study. ✓ Feasibility - kaya siya ng time
✓ Realistic expectation - Research finding
Scope - Breadth of the study
andimplications
Delimitation - Self-imposed restrictionof a
researchers.
Definition of Terms
 Operational Definition
Components of Scope & Delimitation
- terms are being used in a context or
 Pwede siyang mabawasan, pwede siyang
study. (Connotation)
madagdagan but not limited.
- Kung paano nag ooperate
- Context wise
 Research Focus - explains the specific
- Your own opinions/words
variable on research; mas broader; in
general siya.
 Conceptual Definition - Definition based
on dictionary or encyclopedia
 Research Goals
(Denotation)
- explain significant/problems
- Kumukuha sa dictionary
 Timeline & Location - duration of
2 cases in which terms should be defined:
experimental & recall
1. If the term is not commonly/widely
known
 Participants Character - demographics
2. If the term has a specific/ unique
meaning in the context of the study.
 Research Methodology - describe the
methods or instructions you use.
Guidelines in Writing D. O. T
1. Writing the introductory statement
Delimitation
 it must write a context
 Var. that are excluded or included in the
2. Terms should be written alphabetically
study
3. indention should be applied to each
 Restriction that we/you apply
term
 Var. that we/you use or decide kung
4. Term can be underlined/not; italic bold
anong ilalagay mo doon
5. Term should be followed by a period
 To determine the scope
6. Acronym/ initials should be defined
 We have to ensure that our data is
clearly
specific, straight to the point, and
 Acronym- full words siya binabasa
manageble
Ex: AIDS
 Boundaries of the study
 Initial- by letter siya binabasa
 You have to narrow down restrictions
Ex: S. O. P
7. Keep the definition brief and basic.
Limitation
 Inherent problem/contraints beyond
Scope and delimitation
research control are the Limitation.
- General goal of the study
 To determine the weakness associated
- Shows how far ang vinavalue or
to decision made in the study.
ginagawa ng research, unlike sop, na
 Basis of our Recommendations
specific lang, ex. Kung saan lang kayo
 Natural event ; inevitable
hanggang pede magtayo ng bahay
 Things we don’t usually foresee
 - Importanct in chap. 1 : we still have to c. Reliability- if the links are working
set parameters meaning, may - read the context
minemeasure. d. Objectivity- kapag may objectivity, reliable
siya
Scope – dito makikita kung saan aabot ang  Evaluate if it is credible kung meron sa
study and ano ang hindi magagawa ffg.
- Usually starts with “this study addresses..”
General guide of reputable literature
Data Collection Method  Scholarly journal
 Survey/ Questionnaires  Books
 Experimentals  Thesis and dissertation
 Observations  Government Document
 Interview  Policy reports and Presented Paper
 Registration Method - pag need ng
super big information. After Locating possible Resources
 Examine the title!!! Read the abstract; if
Statistics – starts with planning, not only abt helpful read through intro, conclusion
numbers and recommendation
 Identify rational finding/ gaps
Lesson 2 - Chapter 2 (RRL)
How to Review Literature
Review Related Literature ✓ Identify common themes
 “jumping point”  good start to identify the similarities you
 Immersing to the topic observe that fit together
 Delve into different topics ✓ Consider organizing material according to
their research design
Purposes of RRL  Critics of other studies
 Improve understanding of the topic
 Know about the developments in your
✓ Discuss findings of studies
research area
→ sorting literature by finding may have
 Ano na ang mga nagawa o hindi
conflicting results
nagawa sa study?
 okay lang na iba iba ang studies para
 What methodology ang wala o anong
mafill-in yung mga studies natin
meron?
 Learn what has and hasn’t been studied
Elements
and theories & methodologies not yet
1. Introduction →briefly describe the
used
content of the section and how it is
 To identify areas that can be improved
organized
and the gaps to be addressed
2. Topic 1/ independent var. → must
 recommendation
review scholarly reviews
3. Topic 2/ dependent var.
“ A well-written review helps establish the
4. Topic 3/ link between these var. through
researcher’s credibility”
previously conducted study.
5. Summary →highlights the major
Credible - napagkakatiwalaan
themes; the gaps that you have; explain
what your research contributes
Identifying Related Literature
1. Narrow potential sources through
electronic databese search
Lesson 3- Research Ethics, why proper
 We use key words/ find in search
citation matters
engine; find potential sources
2. Consider the following in evaluating
Citation
an internet source.
- allows readers to distinguish the original
work from the work and ideas of others
a. Author
- To acknowledge the original work
b. Purpose -know the motive
Plagiarism
- one of the most common forms How to avoid: develop good documentation
of intellectual dishonesty in research. practices.
- “dishonesty” kasi youre stealing info  do it side to side
- Damages one's credibility  keep track or mag take notes ng links
- when you’re taking credits; you’re a thief; 4. Self-plagiarism
you have to properly cite a) duplication
- Copying/ using materials without proper - copies content of own work which
attribution/ citation has been submitted/published without
proper attribution
Different forms of plagiarism - nag submit ka ng work w/ the same
1. Cut and paste plagiarism content pero diff ung titles or ginamit mo
- copying text word-per-word without as rrl ung work mo pero di ka nag proper
citation. citation

To avoid this: b) Replication

 Use quotation marks and proper - submits one work multiple times
citation if except was directly taken from - example of this is pag nag jjob apply ka,
another source. youre submitting you work ( resume )
 A text containing original words of multiple times to diff. companies
researchers combined with excerpts is still
considered plagiarized. —————————
Well organized notes can help you avoid
If you want to write the thought of the work but plagiarism
doesn’t want to plagiarize:
- If word /sentence: Copy the it then put Source notes: record of necessary information
quotation marks ( “ ” ) of materials gathered. ( links pages, authors)
- If paragraph: indent it to separate it from
the main text then put quotation marks Content notes: all substantive info
and do intext citation ( concepts, methods, main arguments,
definitions) nilalaman.
2. Mosaic Plagiarism
- Copying text from another source More notes:
changing several words while Difference between citation and reference:
maintaining the origin of sentence  Citation - find this when you are writing
structure (even if it is cited)  Reference - back of the book
- copying everything/ quillbot and
changing the synonym Properly functions of citations
- arises due to poor paraphrasing  Properly locate the author’s idea

How to avoid: Main purpose of citation:

- Interpret the material instead of simply - Give credits or to acknowledge the
paraphrasing it. author and look back to the previous
studies
3. Misattributions Plagiarism
- attributing an excerpts, quote, or idea to Possible things kapag nag plagiarized ka:
the wrong author —or worse, a non Ra 8393 Intellectual Properly Code of the
existent source. Phillippines
- Pasa pasa yung mga source.
- When you are not using original source Ra 10175 Cybercrime law →bcs plagiarism is
- May be accidental/ intentional same as copyright
- Careless and poor documentation
- Example: galing kay maring paulita yung
- source na nakita mo tapos sinulat mo sa
research mo tapos ang real na nagsulat ng
source na ‘yon is si Ma’am Ame pala.