PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY
BC2333
Program ADS-I
Credit Hours 2
Duration 16 Weeks
Prerequisites N/A
1
Course Introduction
This is a course in basic Physical Chemistry, with emphasis on elementary thermodynamics
and chemical kinetics. Physical chemistry serves as the foundation of advanced subjects in all
areas of chemistry
Course Objectives
After studying this course the students should be able to:
Understand the fundamental concepts of physical chemistry
Explain the applications of important terms and laws in physical chemistry
science such as Ideal gas, entropy, enthalpy
Learning Outcomes
After learning this course, students will be able to understand:
States of Matter
Chemical Kinetics
Chemical Thermodynamics
Solutions
Text Books:
Modern Physical Chemistry by Bhatti H.N and Z.H. Farooqi Published by Caravan
Book House
A Text Book of Physical Chemistry by Rasool. G. Published by Azeem Publishers
Essentials of Physical Chemistry by Arun Bahl & B. S. Bahl
A Text Book of Physical Chemistry by Sana-Ullah Published by Markazi Kutab
Khana
Reference Books:
1. Physical Chemistry by Castellan
2. Barrante, J. R. 1998. Applied Mathematics for Physical Chemistry. Prentice Hall (3rd
Ed.) USA.
3. Peter, T. 1998. Basic Mathematics for Chemists. John Wiley and Sons (2nd Ed) USA.
4. Nabi, G.; M. N. Akhtar and B. A. Khokhar. 2010. Physical Chemistry. Ilmi Kitab
Khana Pakistan.
5. . Bahl, A; B. S. Bahl and G. D. Tuli. 2012. Essentials of Physical Chemistry. S.
Chand & Company Ltd. India.
2
6. Laidler, K. J.; J. PI. Meiser and B. C. Sanctuary. 2002. Physical Chemistry. Houghton
Mifflin Harcourt USA.
7. Silbey, R. J.; R. A. Alberty and M. G. Bawendi. 2004. Physical Chemistry. John
Wiley and Sons USA.
8. Bhatti H. N. and K. Hussain. 2006. Principles of Physical Chemistry. Caravan Book
House Pakistan.
9. Maeder, M. and Neuhold, Y-M. 2007. Practical Data Analysis in Chemistry. Elsevier
UK.
10. Vogel, A. I. A. 1995. Text Book of Macro and Semi micro Qualitative Inorganic
Analysis, Longamn, Green & Co England.
11. Skoog, D. A.; West, D. M. and. Holler, F. J. 1994. Analytical Chemistry. Saunders
College Publications (6th Ed).
12. Amin, I. J. 2002. Theory and Practice of Chromatography, Higher Education
Commission Pakistan,
13. Bhatti, IT. N. and Rahman, R. 2013. Text Book of Inorganic Chemistry. Caravan
Book House Pakistan.
14. Pass, G., Sutcliffe, II. 1975. Practical Inorganic Chemistry, Preparations, Reactions
and Instrumental Methods, 2nd ed., Chapman and Hall England
3
Calendar of Activities & (Session Plan)
Week Contents Activities
Chemical Thermodynamics:
Equation of states
Ideal and real gases
1 The virial equation and the van der waals equation for real
gases
Critical phenomena and critical constants
Four laws of thermodynamics and their applications
2 Thermochemistry
Calorimetry
Heat capacities and their dependence on temperature
3 Pressure and volume
Assignment 1
Reversible and non-reversible processes
Spontaneous and non-spontaneous processes
4 Relations of entropy Quiz 1
Gibbs free energy with equilibrium constant
Gibbs Helmholtz equation
5 Fugacity and activity
Chemical Equilibrium:
General equilibrium expressions
6 Reaction quotients Assignment 2
Examples of equilibrium reactions in solid, liquid and gas
phases
Extent of reactions and equilibrium constants
Gibbs energies of formation and calculations of equilibrium
7 constants Quiz 2
Effect of temperature and pressure on the equilibrium
constants/compositions
8 Van’t Hoff equation
Le-Chatelier’s principle
9 Mid-Term
Solution Chemistry:
Physical properties of liquids, surface tension, viscosity,
10 Refractive index, dipole moment and their applications
11 Brief account of interactions among the molecules in liquids Assignment 3
4
Ideal and non-ideal solutions
Raoult’s law and its applications
12 Lowering of vapor pressure Quiz 3
Elevation of boiling point
Depression of freezing point
13 Osmotic pressure
Vapor pressure of non-ideal solutions and Henry’s law
Abnormal colligative properties
Degrees of association and dissociation of solutes Assignment 4
14 Osmotic pressure and its measurement
Fractional distillation and concept of azeotropic mixtures
Chemical Kinetics:
The rates of reactions
15 Zero, first, second and third order reactions with same and Quiz 4
different initial concentrations
Half-lives of reactions
Experimental techniques for rate determination
Methods for determination of order of reaction (integration,
16 half-life, initial rate, and graphical methods)
Arrhenius equation
17 Final Term