SIDDHIVINAYAK SUSHIKSHIT BEROJGAR
AND BAHUUDESHIYA SAHAKARI SANSTHA
MARYADIT, BEED.
CONFINED
SPACE ENTRY
What is a Confined Space?
A space that:
Is large enough for a person to enter:
Has limited or restricted means of entry or exit;
(hard to get into and/or out of)
Is not designed for continuous human occupancy.
Examples of Confined Spaces:
Tanks Vaults
Manholes Pipes
Boilers Trenches
Furnaces Tunnels
Sewers Ducts
Silos Bins
Hoppers Pits
Potential Hazards in Confined Spaces
Oxygen Deficiency Toxic Materials
➢ oxygen concentration ➢ Carbon Monoxide
<20% or >23.5% ➢ Hydrogen Sulfide
Combustibles ➢ Welding fumes
➢ Methane ➢ Corrosives
➢ Hydrogen Electricity
➢ Acetylene Mechanical Hazards
➢ Propane ➢ Mixers
➢ Gasoline fumes ➢ Crushers
ENTRY
When a person passes through an
opening into a permit required confined
space.
Any part of the body passing through the
opening is considered entry.
ENTRANT
Person who will physically enters the confined space
STAND BY MAN
The employee who remains outside the confined space and monitors the
entrant(s);
• guards the space against unauthorized entry;
➢ Entry Logbook
• warns the entrants of any unusual conditions;
➢ Inside and out
• and summons the rescue personnel if needed.
➢ Is NOT an rescuer – NEVER enters the space
Entry Supervisor
Responsible for coordinating the entry
➢ Directly responsible for the work being
performed in the confined space.
➢ Must be a team leader or foreman
➢ Qualified by training and experience.
➢ Reviews or develops Entry Procedure
➢ Monitors Entry
➢ Performs Critique
➢ Recommends Improvements
Permit-Required Confined
Space Entry Procedure
CSE Preplanning
Isolate the space
Ventilate the space
Test the atmosphere
Complete permit
Enter the space
Perform required work
Close Space
Critique Procedure
Isolate the Space
from all Hazards
Close Valves
➢ Blind or drop spool pieces
➢ Double block & bleed
Empty the Space
➢ Depressurize, vent & drain
Lockout/Tagout Equipment
➢ Electrical sources
➢ Rotating/reciprocating parts
➢ Valves
➢ ALL Energy Sources
Clean space prior to entry
Ventilate the Space
Use mechanical ventilation
➢Fans
➢Air horns
➢Blow, don’t suck, when possible
Ventilate at the rate of at least four (4) volumes per
hour
➢Larger spaces require more
ventilation
Make sure air supply is not contaminated
➢Clean air supply: fresh
uncontaminated air
Confined Space Entry
Preplanning
Pre-plan the entire job
➢ Identify Hazards, Develop Controls, Isolation,
Ventilation, Who, When, Why, Rescue
Entire crew must attend
➢Attendants, entrants, entry supervisor
Review hazards of entry and work
Review PPE
Review procedure for contacting rescue
➢Verify rescue available
Complete permit
Test the Atmosphere
In this order:
Oxygen Content:
➢ At least 20% and less than 23.5%
Combustibles:
➢ Less than 5% of the LEL for Entry
➢ 0% LEL for Hot Work
Toxic Gasses:
➢ Most commonly Hydrogen Sulfide <10 ppm
➢ or any other hazardous materials as determined by the
use of the space.
Complete Entry
Permit Form
Permit must be correctly and completely
filled out prior to entry.
No entry is allowed without a valid permit.
Permits are valid for up to 12 hours.
When work is completed, permit should
be closed properly.
NOTICE:
Any time a limit is exceeded, no matter what the
reason, all personnel shall immediately exit the
space, and no others shall enter until atmospheric
conditions are returned to safe levels.
THERE ARE NO EXCEPTIONS TO THIS!
Atmosphere Testing Shall Be
Performed:
Prior to every entry
➢After 10 + minutes of ventilation, shut off
ventilation and check atmosphere
At least hourly for permit-required confined spaces
More frequently, if conditions or suspicions warrant
Always test the
air at various levels
to be sure that the
entire space is safe. Good Air
Poor Air
Good air near the
opening does NOT mean
there is good air at the
bottom! Deadly Air
Enter the Space and Proceed
with work:
A stand by man posted near the entrance
➢ for the duration of the work.
➢ Must in constant communication with the entrants
➢ Must call entrants out if conditions inside or outside
of space changes
Maintain a log of those entering and exiting the space
Maintain the permit at site
When the Job is Done
Remove all personnel, tools, and debris from the space.
Make Final Inspection
Close the space.
Remove Isolation
Supervisor Responsibilities
Pre-plan the Job
➢ Use drawings, Blind List, Lockout List
Assure adequate protection is provided to the entrants
➢ Isolate the space
➢ Ventilate the space
➢ Clean Space
➢ atmosphere is tested
➢ rescue services are available prior to entry.
Supervisor Responsibilities
That all personnel involved are aware of the hazards
associated with the space.
Support the attendant’s authority in controlling access to a
confined space.
Required Permit(s) in place
Monitor the entry
To verify that all personnel have exited prior to closing the
space.
Stand by Man
Responsibilities
NEVER ENTER THE SPACE
Control access to the confined space.
Monitor entrants when entering, exiting, and while in the space.
Never leave his space unattended with people in the space
➢ unless relieved by another qualified attendant.
Stand by Man
Responsibilities
To assess hazards in and around the space,
➢ take action to correct
Call entrants out of space do to hazards in or out of space
To summon emergency assistance as needed.
May monitor atmospheric in the space
NEVER ENTER THE SPACE
Entrant Responsibilities
Be sure that the space has been isolated, ventilated, safe for entry.
Immediately exit a space, without question, when directed to
attendant, no matter what the reason.
To follow all safety rules and procedures that apply to the job.
To be familiar with the work to be performed and procedures for
the job.
To use the appropriate PPE whenever necessary.
Thank You
