MAGNETIC PARTICLE MEO-MT 1

EXAMINATION
Materials PROCEDURE Rev. 1
Engineering office Page 1 OF 10
MEO
Date 20 August, 2005

API NDT Procedure

Magnetic Particle

Examination

Rev. No. Prepared By Approved By Reviewed By

3 Name
Date:
Signature

2 Name
Date:
Signature

1 Name Dr. M. Raafat Elkoussy

Date:20.8 05
Signature

0 Name Dr. M. Raafat Elkoussy

Date:01/01/07
Signature
 MAGNETIC PARTICLE MEO-MT 1
EXAMINATION
Materials PROCEDURE Rev. 1
Engineering office Page 2 OF 10
MEO
Date 20 August, 2005

CONTENTS

S/N SUBJECT

1 SCOPE

2 REFERENCES

3 DEFINITIONS

4 RESPONSIBILITIES

5 PROCEDURE

6 ATTACHMENTS
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1. SCOPE:

1.1 To specify the minimum requirements for magnetic particle inspection of welds and areas in
ferromagnetic materials, to detect discontinuities open to the surface, employing
electromagnetic and / or permanent magnet yoke equipment, with dry or wet systems.

1.2 This procedure is to cover methods to be employed for the magnetic particle inspection of
welds in pressure vessels, boilers, boiler external piping including fitting e.g. flanges, tees,
elbows, valves, etc. and associated steel structures subject to the limitations of access.

2. REFERENCES:

2.1 ASTM 709.

2.2 API 1104

2.3 MEO-PC-01, Qualification and Certification of NDE Personnel.

3. DEFINITIONS:

3.1 MPI: Magnetic particle inspection.

3.2 AC: Alternating current.

3.3 DC: Direct current.

3.4 B & PV Boilers and Pressure Vessels

4. RESPONSIBILITIES:

4.1 The NDE Examiner shall be responsible for conducting and reporting the resultsof
inspection in accordance with ASME-B & PV Code, Section V and / or Client’s
specifications whichever is more stringent.

5. PROCEDURE:

5.1 Personnel Qualifications:

5.1.1 All personnel involved in Magnetic Particle Examinations shall be qualified in
accordance with the requirements of MEO written practice No., MEO-PC-01,
(Written Practice for NDE Personnel Qualification).
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5.1.2 When the written practice is revised, the certification of NDE personnel remains
valid to the requirements of the previous revision until the expiry date of the
personnel qualification certificate; then, recertification to the requirements of the
new revision is required.

5.1.3 Subcontractor’s personnel involved in Magnetic Particle Examinations shall be

qualified in accordance with the requirements of subcontractor’s written practice
which shall be reviewed and accepted by ARESCO NDE Level III or Quality
Control Manager.

5.1.4 The certification of personnel shall be checked by the Quality Control Manager or
NDE Level III prior to work commencement.

5.2 Procedure Qualification :

5.2.1 When qualification of procedure is required by the construction code, the procedure
shall be qualified by actual demonstration and documented on demonstration
record. The procedure shall only be applied within the range of essential variables
qualified.

5.3 Equipment:

5.3.1. Electromagnetic yokes shall be the adjustable leg type magnaflux model Y7 yoke or
equivalent.

5.3.2. The yoke will be capable of lifting a test weight of 40 Ib (18.1 kg.) at a pole spacing
of 4 in. (100 mm.) while on DC, and a test weight 10 Ib (4.5 kg.) at a pole spacing of
4 in. (100 mm.) while on AC.

5.3.3. Permanent magnets either with fixed or adjustable pole shall have a lifting power
capable of lifting a test weight of 40 lbs. (18.1 kg).

5.3.4. Calibration of the said weights shall be in accordance with the relevant calibration
procedure.

5.4 Material:
5.4.1. Only materials of a recognised approved commercial quality shall be used, as
identified by the manufacturer’s name i.e. Ardrox, Ely Chemicals, Magnaflux,
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Date 20 August, 2005

Becotest, or as specified by the client. In any case, the specific type of material to be
used, shall be demonstrated to the satisfaction of A.I. in accordance with API 1104

5.4.2. Ready mixed “wet” consumables contained in aerosol can form are considered
acceptable.

5.4.3. Dry powders of appropriate colors that can make them highly visible against the
background of the surface being examined, may be used for dry applications.

5.4.4. Particles shall be used within the temperature range limitations set by the
manufacturer.

5.5 Surface Condition:

5.5.1. Generally satisfactory results may be obtained when the surface of the part is in the
as-welded, as-rolled, as-cast, or as forged condition. Surface preparation by grinding,
machining, or other methods may be necessary where surface irregularities could
mask the interpretation.

5.5.2 Prior to magnetic particle examination the weld areas that are to be examined and all
adjacent areas within at least 1 in. shall be dry and free of all dirt, grease, lint, scale,
welding flux and spatter, oil, or other extraneous matter that could interfere with the
examination.

5.6 Preparation:

5.6.1 Preparation may include degreasing, removal of scale, weld ripples, spatter, grinding
or chipping marks, etc. that may interfere with the interpretation.

5.6.2. Cleaning may be accomplished using detergents, organic solvents, descaling

solutions, paint removers, sand or grit blasting methods.

5.6.3. If coatings are left on the part in the area being examined, it must be demonstrated
that indications can be detected through the existing maximum coating thickness
applied.

5.6.4. When coatings are applied temporarily to uncoated surfaces only in amounts
sufficient to enhance particle contrast, it must be demonstrated that indications can
be detected through the enhancement coating.

5.7 Temperature
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Date 20 August, 2005

5.6.1 The temperature during application of particles and examination shall be as

recommended by the manufacturer of the magnetic particles.
5.6.2 For guidance, the temperature should not exceed 50°C for wet particles and
300°Cfor dry particles

5.8 Examination:

5.8.1 The method of magnetisation shall be done using either electromagnetic yoke or
permanent magnet, with pole spacing to be no greater than 4 in. (100 mm).
Continuous magnetisation method shall be utilised.

 For electromagnetic yoke, the yoke is energised, and the ink or powder is
applied to the area between the poles. The application of the ink/powder shall
be stopped and the excess of the medium shall be removed before the yoke is
de-energised.

 For permanent magnets, the magnet shall be placed across the area and the ink
or powder is applied to the area between the poles. The application of the
ink/powder shall be stopped and the excess of the medium shall be removed
before the magnet is removed.
5.8.2 For the application of powder in either technique, the powder shall be introduced to
the area very lightly and sparingly so as not to disturb any lightly held powder
patterns.

5.8.3 With the ink method, care shall be exercised to avoid “flooding” of the area.

5.8.4 The examination shall be repeated with the magnet/ yoke being relocated at 90 to
the first magnetisation direction.

5.8.5 To ensure full coverage of the area under examination, overlap of at least 1 inch
between successive yoke shots shall be maintained.

5.8.6 The adequacy or direction of the magnetising field, when necessary, shall be
demonstrated by using the magnetic particle field indicator.

5.8.7 Good lighting, when using nonfluorescent particles, shall be available to ensure that
shadows do not obstruct the test areas. The intensity of the visible light at the surface
of the part / work piece undergoing examination shall be a minimum of 100 foot
candles (1000 lux). The light level verification shall be demonstrated one time,
documented, and maintained on file.
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5.8.8 With fluorescent particles, the examination is performed using black light. The
examination shall be performed as follows:

 It shall be performed in a darkened area.

 The examiner shall be in the darkened area for at lest 5 min. prior to performing
the examination to enable his eyes to adapt to dark viewing. If the examiner
wears glasses or lenses, they shall not be photosensitive.
 The black light shall be allowed to warm up for a minimum of 5 min. prior to
use or measurement of the intensity of the ultraviolet emitted.
 The black light intensity shall be measured at least once every 8 hours, and
whenever the shift is changed. The measured intensity shall be at least 1000
W/cm2 on the surface of the part being examined.
5.8.9 Demagnetisation shall be required after the completion of the examination when the
residual magnetic field could interfere with subsequent processing or usage.

5.9 Interpretation:

5.9.1. All indications shall be considered as discontinuities, until investigated, where they
shall then be defined as relevant to the specification / codes, and shall be evaluated
in terms of the acceptance standards of the referencing Code Section.

5.9.2 Non-relevant indications may be caused by change of section, property of material,

inadequate preparation i.e., slag scale, etc. and therefore not considered detrimental
to the weld area examined.

5.9.3 Broad areas of particle accumulation which might mask indications from
discontinuities are prohibited, and such areas shall be cleaned and re-examined.

5.8.4 Should any indication not be identified then it shall be rejected and reported as a
defect and investigated with an alternative NDE method.

5.10 Acceptance Criteria:

5.10.1 Acceptance criteria shall be as specified in the API 1104

5.11 Post Cleaning:

5.11.1 Upon the completion of the examination, a suitable technique for post cleaning
shall be employed such as water rinse or solvent dwell.
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5.12 Documentation:

5.12.1. Each examination shall be reported together with interpretation of flaws/defects

encountered, and where necessary diagrammatic sketches shall be made to show the
location of defects.

6. ATTACHMENTS:
6.1 Magnetic Particle Examination Report.
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Date 20 August, 2005

6.1 Magnetic Particle Examination Report

Client:: Project : Job No.:

Part Examined: Drawing No.:

Material: Thickness:
Reference Procedure Specification: Surface Condition:
Acceptance Criteria : Surface Temperature: C
Method Description Equipment and Products
Magnetizing Method: Continuous / Residual Equipment Type:
Examination Method: Wet / Dry / Visible / Fluorescent Manufacturer:
Current Type : AC / DC Particles :
Magnetic Field Direction : Manufacturer:
Magnetizing Time: Color:
Lighting equipment: Contrast Medium:
Post Cleaning: Demagnetization : Manufacturer:
Date examination performed Time from: TO:
Weld ID Welder ID Judgement Remarks

SKETCH

Name Signature Level Date

NDE Examiner

Client Representative

Authorized Inspector
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Summary of MT procedure
_________________________________________________________________
Part Examined:
Material: Carbon steel
________________________________________________________________
Acceptance standard: ASME B31.1
Thickness:
_________________________________________________________________
Surface condition: As welded, brushed
Initial cleaning: Solvent
lightening equipment: Lamp W.
__________________________________________________________________
Equipment type YOKE
Manufacturer:
Magnetizing method : Continuous (apply particles hile current on)
Current type. AC
__________________________________________________________________
Background: white dye
Maufacturer:
Applicatrion method: Light Spray from about 30 cm
___________________________________________________________________
Magnetig field direction: parallel and perpendicular to the weld.
Magnetizing time: Repeated on -off for few seconds each time
___________________________________________________________________

Magnetic particles: Wet. Visible (black)

Manufacturer:
Application method: Spray
___________________________________________________________________
Evaluation:
Observe while applaying magnetic particles
Evaluate after 3-5 minutes and after full drying