NAME......................................................................ADM NO..........CLASS...........
HISTORY AND GOVERNMENT
END OF TERM 2 2024 EXAMINATIONS
FORM TWO
TIME: 2 HOURS
INSTRUCTIONS
1. This paper consists of three sections. A, B and C.
2. Answer ALL questions in section A, B and C.
3. All answers must be written in English and in the spaces provided.
SECTION A: 25 MARKS.(ANSWER ALL QUESTIONS
1. Identify one type of early manuscript which is likely to contain information
on History and Government. (2mks)
the scroll
stone tablet
parchment.
2. Identify two types of artefacts that are likely to be found in an archeological
site. (2mks)
Remains of pottery
Remains of tools
Remains of weapons
Remains of garments
Remains of coins
Remains of humans/animals
3. Name one site where remains of Kenyapithecus were found in Kenya.(1mk)
Fort Ternan
Samburu hills
Lake Turkana
Near lake Baringo
4. Give one reason why early man lived on trees. (1mk)
For security as majority of the animals could not reach him.
The trees provided man with food especially fruits and nuts.
5. Name the method used to plant cereals crops when early Agriculture
began. (1mk)
Broadcasting
6. Name two ways in which the Nandi and the Abaluyia communities
interacted during the pre-colonial period. (2mks)
Trade
Intermarriages
Wars/raids
7. Name the title given to the luo war leader. (1mk)
Osumba Mrwayi
8. Give two documentaries of historical information about the East Africa
coast before the 16th Century. (2mks)
Periplus of erythreas sea
Graeco-Roman documentary
Geography by Claudius Ptolemy
Documents by Arab merchants
Christian topography of cosmos Indico-pleustes.
9. Identify two ways through which one can become citizen of Kenya.(2mks)
By birth
By registration
10.Identify one symbol of unity as illustrated in the new constitution (2010)
(1mk)
The court of arms
the national flag
The national anthem
The public seal
11.State two disadvantages of using barter trade. (2mks)
It is cumbersome carrying goods to and fro market.
Frequent lack of double coincidence of goods.
Some goods may not be divided into smaller quantities.
It is difficult to determine the exact value of goods.
12.Name two countries that were formed as slave free centres after the
abolition of slave trade. (2mks)
Liberia
Sierra Leone
13.Identify one traditional form of water transport. (1mk)
Sailing boats
Rafts/logs
Canoes
Sailing ships
14.State the main advantage of using air transport. (1mk)
It is the quickest in terms of speed.
15.Identify two earliest writings invented in the ancient civilization. (2mks)
Cuineform
Hierographic
16.State one way in which man used bronze. (1mk)
To cast the statutes of the pharaohs
to make tools
To make weapons eg swords
To make items for decorations.
17.Name the scientist who invented electricity in 1831. (1mk)
Micheal Farady
SECTION B: 45 MARKS
18.(a) State five reasons which influenced the migration of the cushites from
their original homeland into Kenya during the pre-colonial period.(5 mks)
In search of pasture and water for their livestock.
There was drought and famine in their original land.
There was outbreak of diseases and epidemics on their original
homeland.
Escape from constant attacks from their neighbours.
In search of land for settlement as their population increased.
Were influenced by the spirit for adventure.
(b) Explain five results of the migration and settlement of the highland
nilotes in Kenya. (10mks)
They displaced other communities they found in areas they settled.
They traded with their neighbours ie expansion of trade in the
region.
They were absorbed by their neighbors eg Terik and Tachoni were
assimilated by the Bantu.
Led to increase in population in areas they settled.
They intermarried with their neighbours eg Abagusii, Abaluhya thus
strengthening their relationships.
There was cultural exchange leading to enrichment of their lives.
It led to ethnic wars/conflicts due to cattle raids with their
neighbours.
19.(a) Give three factors that promoted the growth and development of Trans-
Atlantic trade. (3mks)
Availability of items of trade.
Demand of slaves in the new world
Availability of sailing ships
The discovery of compass
Availability of fire arms.
(b) Explain six negative results of the trans-atlantic trade on African
communities. (12mks)
Traditional industries decreased as African acquired taste of
Europeans goods.
There was increased instability/conflicts among communities as
traders raided for slaves.
There was fear and insecurity due to frequent raids on African
settlements.
The trade exposed west African communities to new diseases.
There was a serious depopulation in west and parts of central Africa
due to slave trade.
There was decline in agricultural protection as the able based people
were taken away into slavery.
It contributed to the decline of trans-saharan trade as many people
found it more profitable.
There was destruction of property as communities raided each other
for trade items.
Some kingdoms declined due to the continuous attacks from their
neighbors in search of trade items.
Some kingdoms declined due to the continuous attacks from their
neighbors in search of trade items.
There was increased suffering among families as their loved ones
were separated/sold to slavery.
20.(a) State three disadvantage of coal as a source of energy. (3mks)
Coal is bulky to transport
Coal causes environmental pollution
Mining of coal can lead to injuries /death
It is a non-renewable source of energy
Coal was expensive to mine and transport.
(b)Explain six factors that promoted industialization in Germany in the 19 th
Century. (12mk)
The establishment of Zollverein removed trade barriers leading to
free trade and economic growth.
Availability of coal and hydro-electric power as a source of industrial
energy.
Political unity of all German states under the leadership of Bismark
after the Franco-Prussian war.
Existence of high population which provided skilled and unskilled
labour in industries.
Availability of local market from the large population and the
external markets.
Development of good transport and communication net work.
The government supported and encouraged German
entrepreneurs/enterprising nature of the German Population.
SECTION C: 30 MARKS
21.(a) Identify five basic human rights that are guaranteed by the Kenya
constitution (2010) (5mks)
Right to life
Right to humanity
Right to privacy
Freedom from slavery, servitude and forced labour.
Freedom of expression
Freedom of movement
Right to language and culture.
(b) Explain six reasons why it is important to respect human rights.(10mks)
It promote human dignity as rights of people are observed
/entrenched in the constitution.
It promotes the rule of law by enhancing justice/good governance in
society.
Promotes respect for other people culture by appreciating cultural
diversity.
It promotes tolerance of accommodating other people’s views/ideas
to humans.
It promotes democracy as other people’s views are respected.
It promotes international relations by observing conventions/treaties
on human rights.
It promotes development by creating a conducive environment.
22.(a)Give three symbols of Buganda royal authority that were kept in the
King’s court. (3mks)
The throne(Namulondo)
Royal drum
Royal spear
Royal stool
(b)Explain six factors that led to the rise and growth of the Asante empire.
(12mks)
Trans-Atlantic trade generated a lot of wealth which enables the
empire to prosper.
It had able/shrewd rulers who were courageous and development
conscious.
They had a symbol of unity, the garden stool, which bonded the
people together.
The centralized system of administration ensured stability as there
was a clear command.
The strong agricultural base ensured regular food supply leading
to the growth of the population.
The availability of gold enabled the kingdom to generate wealth that
was used for development.
The Odwira festival brought the leaders/people together thereby
making the empire more cohesive.
