This document is not an ASTM standard and is intended only to provide the user of an ASTM standard an indication of what

changes have been made to the previous version. Because

it may not be technically possible to adequately depict all changes accurately, ASTM recommends that users consult prior editions as appropriate. In all cases only the current version
of the standard as published by ASTM is to be considered the official document.

An American National Standard

Designation:D1000–09 Designation: D1000 – 10

Standard Test Methods for

Pressure-Sensitive Adhesive-Coated Tapes Used for
Electrical and Electronic Applications1
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D1000; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
This standard has been approved for use by agencies of the Department of Defense.

1. Scope*
1.1 These test methods cover procedures for testing pressure-sensitive adhesive-coated tapes to be used as electrical insulation.
These tapes are classified as follows:
1.1.1 Class 1—Non-elastomeric backings made from materials such as:
Paper, flat or creped,
Fabric, uncoated or coated,
Cellulose ester films,
Polyethylene terephthalate (polyester) films,
Fluorocarbon polymer films,
Composite filament films,
Polyamide films,
Polyimide films, and
Combinations thereof.

iTeh Standards
1.1.2 Class 2—Elastomeric backings that are characterized by both high stretch and substantial recovery. These backings are
made from materials such as:

(https://standards.iteh.ai)
Vinyl chloride and co-polymers,
Vinylidene chloride and co-polymers, and
Polyethylene and co-polymers.

1.3 This standard does not purport toDocument Preview

1.2 LTest laminates of Class 1 and Class 2 backings should be tested according to Class 1 test methods.
address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility
of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory
limitations prior to use. For specific hazards see Section 3.
1.4 The procedures appear in the sections indicatedASTM
below D1000-10
and in alphabetical order:
https://standards.iteh.ai/catalog/standards/sist/48e62640-d8c3-4909-8e8c-23f2ed7759b2/astm-d1000-10
Adhesion Strength to Steel and Backing at Room Temperature 46-53
Adhesion Strength to Steel and Backing at Low Temperatures 46-53
Bond Strength After Solvent Immersion 110-115
Breaking Strength and Elongation at Room Temperature 37-45
Breaking Strength and Elongation at Low Temperatures 37-45
Conditioning 6-8
Curling and Twisting 140-146
Dielectric Breakdown Voltage 83-90
Effect of Accelerated Aging on High-Temperature Tapes 97-103
Flagging 66-76
Flammability 104-109
Hazards/Precautions 3
Insulation Resistance at High Humidity 91-96
Length of Tape in a Roll 28-36
Oil Resistance 116-122
Puncture Resistance 123-128
Resistance to Accelerated Aging (Heat and Moisture) 129-139
Sampling 4
Specimen Preparation 5

1
These test methods are under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D09 on Electrical and Electronic Insulating Materials and are the direct responsibility of Subcommittee
D09.07 on Flexible and Rigid Insulating Materials.
Current edition approved Oct. 15, 2009. Published November 2009. Originally approved in 1948. Last previous edition approved in 2004 as D1000–04 ´1. DOI:
10.1520/D1000-09.
Current edition approved Jan. 1, 2010. Published February 2010. Originally approved in 1948. Last previous edition approved in 2009 as D1000–09. DOI:
10.1520/D1000-10.

*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standard.

Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.

1
 D1000 – 10
Thermosetting Properties 77-82
Thickness 21-27
Unwind Force at Room Temperature 54-65
Unwind Force at Low Temperatures 54-65
Width 11-20

NOTE 1—These procedures apply to both Class 1 and Class 2 tapes except as noted above.
1.5 The values stated in SI units are the standard, unless otherwise noted. If a value for measurement is followed by a value
in inch-pound or English units in parentheses, the second value may only be approximate and is for information only. The first
stated value is the preferred unit.
NOTE 2—These test methods are similar to IEC 60454–3, but may differ sometimes in some details.
1.6 This is a fire–test response standard.

2. Referenced Documents
2.1 ASTM Standards:2
A167 Specification for Stainless and Heat-Resisting Chromium-Nickel Steel Plate, Sheet, and Strip
D149 Test Method for Dielectric Breakdown Voltage and Dielectric Strength of Solid Electrical Insulating Materials at
Commercial Power Frequencies
D257 Test Methods for DC Resistance or Conductance of Insulating Materials
D295 Test Methods for Varnished Cotton Fabrics Used for Electrical Insulation
D374 Test Methods for Thickness of Solid Electrical Insulation
D1711 Terminology Relating to Electrical Insulation
D3487 Specification for Mineral Insulating Oil Used in Electrical Apparatus
D5032 Practice for Maintaining Constant Relative Humidity by Means of Aqueous Glycerin Solutions
E691 Practice for Conducting an Interlaboratory Study to Determine the Precision of a Test Method
2.2 IEC Standard:
iTeh Standards
IEC 60454-3 Specification for Pressure-Sensitive Adhesive Tapes for Electrical Purposes3

3. Hazards (https://standards.iteh.ai)
3.1 The following specific substances are flammable liquids. Do not use them in the vicinity of open flames or electrical
Document Preview
contacts: acetone (see 50.1 and 94.1), heptane (see 50.1 and 94.1), and toluene (see 70.6). They must be stored in closed containers,
and it is imperative to clean apparatus in a well-ventilated area.
3.2 As toluene is a toxic substance, toluene should be useduse toluene only where adequate ventilation is provided and in such
manner as to avoid any absorption through the skin (see 70.6). D1000-10
ASTM
3.3 Warning—Lethal It is possible that lethal voltages maywill be present during when conducting test methods which evaluate
https://standards.iteh.ai/catalog/standards/sist/48e62640-d8c3-4909-8e8c-23f2ed7759b2/astm-d1000-10
electrical properties. It is essential that the test apparatus, and all associated equipment that may be electrically connected to it,
be properly designed and installed for safe operation. Solidly ground all electrically conductive parts that any person might come
in contact with during the test. Provide means for use, at the completion of any test, to ground any parts which: were at high
voltage during the test; may have acquired the potential to acquire an induced charge during the test; may or have the potential
to retain a charge even after disconnection of the voltage source. Thoroughly instruct all operators in the proper way to conduct
tests safely. When making high voltage tests, particularly in compressed gas or in oil, it is possible that the energy released at
breakdown maywill be suffıcient to result in fire, explosion, or rupture of the test chamber. Design test equipment, test chambers,
and test specimens so as to minimize the possibility of such occurrences and to eliminate the possibility of personal injury.

SAMPLING

4. Sample and Specimen Requirements

4.1 The producer and consumer shall agree upon the number of rolls selected. Unless otherwise specified a minimum of three
rolls per lot shall be selected.
4.2 For sampling purposes, a lot consists of identifiable materials of the same type, manufactured in one production run and
offered for delivery at the same time.
4.3 All test methods in this standard are intended to produce a test value for a single roll. Any reference to averaging of
measurements refers to the averaging of measurements on a single roll and not to the average of all sample rolls.
4.4 See Table 1 for a summary of standard requirements for the number of test specimens to select from each sample roll, the
number of test measurements to make per test specimen, and the value to be reported.

2
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM Standards
volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on the ASTM website.
3
Available from American National Standards Institute (ANSI), 25 W. 43rd St., 4th Floor, New York, NY 10036, http://www.ansi.org.

2
 D1000 – 10
TABLE 1 Testing and Reporting
Sec- Tests per Specimens
Test ReportB
tion SpecimenA per RollA
Width 14, 19 3 1 avg
Thickness 26 3 1 avg
Length of tape in a roll 35 1 1 value
Breaking strength 44 1 3 avg
Elongation 44 1 3 avg
Adhesion strength 52 1 3 avg
Unwind force
Fast rate of removal 64 1 1 value
Slow rate of removal 64 3 1 avg
Flagging
Class 1 Tape 71 3 1 avg
Class 2 Tape 75 1 3 avg
Thermosetting properties 81 1 3 avg
Dielectric breakdown voltage 89 3 3 avg
Insulation resistance at high humidity 95 5 1 med
Effect of accelerated aging 102 3 2 avg
Flammability 108 1 3 avg
Bond strength after solvent immersion 114 1 3 avg
Oil resistance 121 1 4 avg
Puncture resistance 127 1 5 avg
Resistance to accelerated aging 129, 133 1 6 avg
Curling and twisting 140 1 3 avg
A
When referee testing is involved, use an average of 5 determinations wherever
1 or 3 are specified above.
B
Minimum and maximum values m ayre also be occasionally required when
average values are reported.

iTeh Standards
4.5 Include in every report the complete identification of the tape tested.

SPECIMEN PREPARATION

5. Test Specimen Preparation(https://standards.iteh.ai)

discard a minimum of three layers before Document Preview

5.1 Place any roll of tape to test on a freely revolving mandrel. Except for determination of length of tape in a roll, remove and
removing tape for preparation of test specimens.
5.2 Remove sufficient length of tape, at the rate of approximately 50 mm/s (2 in./s), to provide the specimens required for all
tests. Cut the tape with a sharp razor blade or scissors, unless otherwise specified. Place the tape on a smooth clean surface,
ASTM
adhesive side up, or suspend it from one end in free air. ProtectD1000-10
the adhesive surface from dust. Do not allow the adhesive surface
https://standards.iteh.ai/catalog/standards/sist/48e62640-d8c3-4909-8e8c-23f2ed7759b2/astm-d1000-10
to contact the operator’s fingers or other foreign objects. From this tape material, prepare specimens as required in the individual
test methods. See also Table 1.
5.3 Use test specimens that are the width of the tape as received, if possible. If it is necessary to prepare narrower specimens
as prescribed in the test method, use extreme care since hand trimming mayhas the potential to materially affect the test results.
Two recommended procedures are (1) to slit the specimen with a sharp razor blade free of nicks while the specimen is held down
with a pattern of the desired width, or ( 2) to slit with mounted parallel sharp razor blades free of nicks to the desired width.

CONDITIONING

6. Terminology
6.1 Definitions:
6.1.1 conditioning, n—the exposure of a material to the influence of a prescribed atmosphere for a stipulated period of time or
until a stipulated relation is reached between material and atmosphere.

7. Significance and Use

7.1 The physical and electrical properties such as adhesion, elongation, breaking strength, and dielectric breakdown will vary
with temperature and moisture content. Actual service results are influenced by these factors. In order that test methods yield
consistent and reproducible results, control the temperature and moisture content of the sample or specimen.

8. Conditioning for Room Temperature Measurements

8.1 Condition all rolls of tape for a minimum of 24 h to a temperature of 23 6 5 °C (73 6 9 °F) before removing specimens
for test.
8.2 Condition all test specimens for a period of 1 h in a controlled atmosphere at 23 6 5 °C (73 6 9 °F) and 50 6 10 % relative
humidity prior to testing.
8.3 Unless otherwise specified, testing shall be conducted at 23 6 5 °C (73 6 9 °F) and 50 6 10 % relative humidity.

3
 D1000 – 10
8.4 For referee testing purposes, subject all sample rolls to a controlled laboratory temperature of 23 6 1°C (73.4 6 1.8 °F)
for a minimum period of 24 h before removing specimens for test.
8.5 Unless otherwise specified, condition all referee test specimens for a period of 1 h in a controlled laboratory atmosphere
at 23 6 1°C (73.4 6 1.8 °F) and 50 6 2 % relative humidity.
8.6 Unless otherwise specified, referee testing shall be conducted at 23 6 1°C (73.4 6 1.8 °F) and 50 6 2 % relative humidity.
9. Conditioning for Low Temperature Measurements
9.1Elastomeric backings of Class 2 tapes may be subject to cold temperature tests. In these cases, place prepared specimens or
rolls of tape in a cold room and condition for at least 2 h at the desired temperature (for example, 10 °C, 0 °C, –10 °C, –18 °C,
etc.).
9.1 Elastomeric backings of Class 2 tapes have the potential to be subject to cold temperature tests. Condition elastomeric
backings of Class 2 tapes for cold temperature tests by placing prepared specimens or rolls of tape in a cold room for at least 2
h at the desired temperature (example temperatures: 10 °C, 0 °C, -10 °C, -18 °C).
10. Apparatus for Low Temperature Conditioning
10.1 Cold room or cold chamber capable of maintaining the desired cold temperatures during testing.
WIDTH OF TAPE
Method A—Steel Ruler
11. Apparatus
11.1 A steel scale having divisions at 0.5 mm or 1⁄64-in. intervals.
12. Test Specimens
12.1 Select test specimens of approximately 450 mm (18-in.) lengths of tape taken from each sample roll in accordance with
iTeh Standards
5.2 and conditioned in accordance with Section 8.
13. Procedure
(https://standards.iteh.ai)
13.1 Place the test specimen, after conditioning, without tension or pressure, adhesive side down on a hard smooth surface.
Measure the width perpendicular to the edge with the steel scale at three approximately equally-spaced points along the length.
14. Report Document Preview
14.1 Report the average width in millimetres or inches, plus the maximum and minimum, if specified.
15. Precision and Bias ASTM D1000-10
15.1https://standards.iteh.ai/catalog/standards/sist/48e62640-d8c3-4909-8e8c-23f2ed7759b2/astm-d1000-10
This test method has been in use for many years, but no statement of precision has been made and no activity is planned
to develop such a statement.
15.2 This test method has no bias because the value for width is defined in terms of this test method.
Method B—Caliper
16. Apparatus
16.1 A pair of calipers with a scale length larger than width of the roll of tape, having divisions at 0.5-mm or 1⁄64-in. intervals.
17. Test Specimen
17.1 One roll of tape, conditioned in accordance with Section 8. Unless damaged, no outer layers need to be removed.
18. Procedure
18.1 The outer turns of the roll must have clean and sharp edges. Discard any damaged or crushed edges. After conditioning
the roll of tape, place it on a table in a vertical position. Open the jaws of the calipers and slide them over the cut edges of the
tape so that the scale shaft is parallel to the table. Close the caliper jaws slowly so as to just touch the sides of the tape roll. Be
careful not to crush the edges and keep the caliper jaws perpendicular to the edges of the tape. Measure the width perpendicular
to the edges in mm (in.) to the nearest 0.5 mm (1⁄64 in.) at three approximately equally-spaced points along the circumference of
the roll.
19. Report
19.1 Report the average width in millimetres or inches, plus the maximum and minimum, if specified.
20. Precision and Bias
20.1 This test method has been in use for many years, but no statement of precision has been made and no activity is planned
to develop such a statement.

4
 D1000 – 10
20.2 This test method has no bias because the value for width is defined in terms of this test method.
THICKNESS
21. Terminology
21.1 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard:
21.1.1 thickness, n—the perpendicular distance between the opposite surfaces of pressure-sensitive adhesive tape as determined
in accordance with this test method.
22. Significance and Use
22.1 The thickness is of value in controlling uniformity and providing design data, as well as for use in determining physical
and electrical properties.
23. Apparatus
23.1 Thickness Gauge—A dead weight thickness gauge as prescribed in Apparatus C of Test Methods D374, with the following
modifications:
23.1.1 Presser Foot Diameter—6 mm (1⁄4 in.).
23.1.2 Anvil Diameter—6 mm to 50 mm (1⁄4 to 2 in.).
23.1.3 A weighted presser foot so that the total pressure applied to a specimen is equal to 50 6 5 kPa (7.6 6 0.5 psi). Calibrate
the gauge for the actual load exerted by the presser foot. Note3—Any commercial instrument, including hand-held micrometer,
that satisfies
23.1.3.1 Any commercial instrument that satisfies 23.1.3may be use for the thickness measurement. , including a hand-held
micrometer, is permissible for the thickness measurement.
24. Test Specimens

iTeh Standards
24.1 In accordance with 5.2 and Section 8, prepare and condition specimens of tape of a single thickness a minimum length of
450 mm (18 in.). Let flexible specimens relax for at least 2 min before testing.
25. Procedure
(https://standards.iteh.ai)
25.1 Place the test specimen upon the anvil of the gauge, smoothly, with adhesive side down, but without tension. Lower the

reading to the nearest 0.0025 mm (0.0001Document Preview

presser foot onto the tape gradually to minimize any impact force, allowing it to rest upon the tape for 2 s, and then observe the
in.) of the thickness gauge scale. Make sure no air bubbles are trapped.
25.2 Take three measurements uniformly distributed over the surface of the test specimen.
26. Report ASTM D1000-10
https://standards.iteh.ai/catalog/standards/sist/48e62640-d8c3-4909-8e8c-23f2ed7759b2/astm-d1000-10
26.1 Report the following information:
26.1.1 The average thickness to the nearest 0.0025 mm (0.0001 in.) plus the maximum and minimum, if specified.
27. Precision and Bias
27.1 Data obtained from a round-robin investigation on several types of pressure-sensitive adhesive tape indicate that thickness
measurements within a single laboratory can be expected to fall within 65 % of the mean value, and that measurements between
laboratories can be expected to fall within 610 % of the overall mean value.4
27.2 A statement of bias is not applicable in view of the unavailability of a standard reference material for this property.
LENGTH OF TAPE IN A ROLL
28. Terminology
28.1 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard:
28.1.1 length of tape in a roll, n—the number of linear metres or yards of tape wound into a roll as measured in accordance
with these test methods.
29. Significance and Use
29.1 Measurement of the length of tape in a roll is necessary to ensure receiving correct quantities.
Method A—Balance Method
30. Apparatus
30.1 Balance—Two required, one capable of weighing to the nearest 0.1 g, the other capable of weighing to 1 mg.

4
Supporting data have been filed at ASTM International Headquarters and may be obtained by requesting Research Report RR:D09-1008.

5
 D1000 – 10
30.2 Steel Rule—Capable of measuring to the nearest 2 mm (0.1 in.).
31. Test Specimen
31.1 A test specimen is a single thickness of pressure-sensitive adhesive tape approximately 1 m (3 ft) long removed from a
full roll of tape as received from the manufacturer. Condition each specimen as described in Section 8.
32. Procedure
32.1 Determine the number of rolls to be tested for length in accordance with the schedule described in Section 4.
32.2 Remove the core from the roll. Weigh each roll to the nearest 0.1 g (Note 4Note 3). Remove a specimen of tape
approximately 1 m (3 ft) long from the roll in accordance with the procedure described in Section 5, except DO NOT DISCARD
the first three layers. After conditioning, measure the relaxed length of the specimen to the nearest 2 mm or 0.1 in. and weigh to
the nearest mg.
NOTE4—If 3—If it is desired to run additional tests on the tape in the roll, it is permissible to first weigh the roll with the core in place and then subtract
the weight of the core after all test specimens are removed.
32.3 Calculate the metres per roll as follows:
(1) Metres per roll 5 weight of roll less core 3 length of specimen, mmweight of specimen 3 1000
32.4 Calculate the yards per roll as follows:
Method B—Length Sensor Method
33. Apparatus
33.1 Length Sensor—A device to measure length by using a benchmarked rotating wheel which rolls, with low torque and
contact pressure, against the circumference of the roll as it unwinds. The apparatus includes a spindle for mounting the tape, the
length sensor mechanism, and a read-out and rotating wind-up roll that can be used to either manually or automatically unwind
the roll of tape. See Fig. 1.
34. Procedure iTeh Standards
(https://standards.iteh.ai)
34.1 Determine the number of rolls to be tested for length in accordance with the schedule described in Section 4. Use only full
rolls of tape. Do not remove any outer layer.
34.2 Mount the roll on the shaft adjacent to the sensor. Position the roll and length sensor so that the sensor is in contact with
Document Preview
the circumference of the roll and the leading end of the roll is directly under the sensor. Zero the sensor and manually pull the
leading edge of the tape and fix it to the wind-up roll. At the start of the unwinding, make sure that the length sensor maintains
good contact with the roll and does not slip or bind. After unwinding is completed, take the reading of the length sensor.
35. Report ASTM D1000-10
35.1https://standards.iteh.ai/catalog/standards/sist/48e62640-d8c3-4909-8e8c-23f2ed7759b2/astm-d1000-10
Report the following information:
35.1.1 The length of tape in each roll to the nearest 0.1 m (0.1 yd).
36. Precision and Bias
36.1 These test methods have been in use for many years, but no statement of precision has been made and no activity is planned
to develop such a statement.
36.2 These test methods have no bias because the value for length is defined in terms of these test methods.
BREAKING STRENGTH AND ELONGATION
37. Terminology
37.1 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard:

FIG. 1 Measuring Device for Determination of Length of Tape in a

Roll (Length Sensor Method)

6
 D1000 – 10
37.1.1 breaking strength of pressure-sensitive adhesive tape, n—the force required, per unit width, to break the tape when tested
under prescribed conditions.
37.1.2 elongation of pressure-sensitive adhesive tape, n—the increase in length at break when the tape is tested under prescribed
conditions.
37.1.2.1 Discussion—In the case of Class 1 tapes, the elongation may include creep in the jaws which is often partially
compensated for by “necking” of the specimen.

38. Significance and Use

38.1 Breaking Strength—Breaking strength of tape is important as a measurement of its uniformity, quality, and ability to
withstand tensile stress in application and service.
38.2 Elongation—Elongation of tape is important as a measurement of its uniformity and quality, as well as a rough indication
of its ability to conform to contours of uneven surfaces.
38.3 In the case of Class 2 tapes, testing at low temperature is necessary to ensure that the tape performs well at cold winter
temperatures.
NOTE5—Values obtained in dry ice chambers and walk-in cold rooms may not be equivalent. 4—It is possible that values obtained in dry ice chambers
and walk-in cold rooms will not be equivalent.

39. Apparatus
39.1 Testing Machine—A testing machine of the constant-rate-of-extension (CRE) type is preferred. Equip the machine with a
device for recording the tensile load and the amount of separation of the grips (Note 6Note 5) such that both of these measuring
systems are accurate to 62 % of the breaking load or the amount of separation of the grips. The apparatus must be capable of
providing smooth, uniform jaw movement during testing, and the rate adjustable in increments necessary to produce strain rates
that are specified for the materials under test. Equip the machine with a load cell with a capacity such that the breaking load of
the material under test falls between 10 and 90 % of the maximum capacity of the load cell.
iTeh Standards
NOTE6—A 5—A high response speed in the recording system is desirable, particularly when relatively high strain rates are employed. The speed of
pen response for recorders is supplied by manufacturers of this equipment. Take care to conduct tests at conditions such that response time (ability of

(https://standards.iteh.ai)
recorder to follow actual load) will produce less than 2 % error.
39.2 Extension Indicator—A suitable instrument for determining the distance between two fixed points located within the gauge

this distance as a function of the load onDocument

the test specimen, or of thePreview
length of the test specimen at any time during the test. It is desirable, but not essential, that this instrument automatically record
elapsed time for the start of the test, or both. If only the latter
is obtained, also take load-time data. The extension indicator will usually have a separation of 25 mm (1 in.) between points and
be a minimum of 25 mm (1 in.) from both the top and bottom jaws.
39.3 Holding Fixtures—The—Use holding fixturesASTM may be D1000-10
of any one of the following types, provided that the fixture does not
cut https://standards.iteh.ai/catalog/standards/sist/48e62640-d8c3-4909-8e8c-23f2ed7759b2/astm-d1000-10
the specimen or cause slippage:
39.3.1 Air Jaws—A device that can be fitted with various types of grips that will clamp onto a specimen through lever arms
actuated by compressed air cylinders built into the body. The design provides a high gripping force with standard air pressure.
Increased air pressure raises the gripping force to accommodate materials that are often difficult to hold in other types of grips.
39.3.2 Drum Jaws—Two smooth cylindrical metallic drums, 50 mm (2 in.) in diameter with a minimum length of 38 mm (11⁄2
in.), suitably marked to aid in proper specimen alignment.
NOTE7—While 6—While drum jaws are permissible, they are not preferred. The design of drum jaws makes it extremely difficult to identify accurately
the gauge length between jaws.
39.3.3 Manual Jaws—A device that can be fitted with various types of grips that will clamp onto a specimen through a manually
operated lever.
39.3.4 Grips—For manual jaws.
39.3.4.1 Line Contact grips have faces designed to concentrate the entire gripping force along a single line perpendicular to
the direction of testing stress. This is usually done by combining one standard flat face with an opposing face from which protrudes
a half-round.
39.3.4.2 Flat Faced grips have their surfaces finished in order to give the best clamping force on the material for test. The
choice is determined largely by practical experience with the materials tested. The It is acceptable for the faces mayto be
smooth-ground, rubber-coated, or serrated. In general, the smooth-ground surface offers high gripping efficiency with most flat
materials. The rubber-coated surface is of value with materials that tend to be weakened by pinching at the edge of the jaw face.
The serrated surface is recommended for stronger materials that require the greatest gripping action. Note8—Double coated tape
may be used
It is acceptable to use double-coated tape to reinforce gripping, by applying a thin piece of tape on each side of the flat grips.
39.3.4.3 Cold Chamber—For cold temperatures testing, if a cold chamber is used for conditioning, it must be equipped with
a slot suitable for inserting the tape.
39.3.4.4 Gloves—White cotton for handling very cold samples.

7
 D1000 – 10
40. Conditioning
40.1 Condition rolls of tape or specimens according to Sections 6-10 for either room or low temperature testing.

41. Test Specimens

41.1 Select specimens in accordance with 5.2 and Section 8. Use specimens that are the width of the tape as received if possible.
If it is necessary to trim the specimens due to the machine or jaw width limitations, take extreme care since hand trimming mayhas
the potential to materially affect the test results. See 5.3 for recommended procedures to slit narrower widths. Put benchmarks on
the specimens, if needed.

42. Procedure
42.1 Air Jaws or Manual Jaws—Position the crosshead at the desired gauge length and insert the specimen in the grips. Tighten
the movable grip first. If this process applies a preload on the specimen, do not change the balance adjustment to compensate for
it. Adjust the initial length of the specimen between contact points to 100 mm (4 in.).
42.2 Drum Jaws—Hold the test specimen in place by placing approximately three quarters of a turn of the tape around each
holding fixture with the adhesive side in contact with the drum. Place the tape in the center of the drums with the edges parallel
to the scribed lines. Adjust the initial length of the specimen between contact points to 100 mm (4 in.).
42.3 Use a constant jaw speed of 300 6 13 mm/min (12 6 1⁄2 in./min), unless otherwise specified.
42.4 Discard breaks that occur at the jaws. Make a minimum of three acceptable determinations.

43. Calculation
43.1 Read the breaking strength directly from the recording chart or digital readout.
43.2 Read the percent elongation from the chart or digital readout or record the distance between benchmarks at the instant of
break or rupture, and note the jaw separation or the distance between benchmarks at the instant of break or rupture, and calculate
the percent elongation as follows:
where: iTeh Standards
D 1 = original distance between jaws or benchmarks, and
(https://standards.iteh.ai)
D2 = distance at instant of break or rupture between jaws or benchmarks.

44. Report
44.1 Report the following information:Document Preview
44.1.1 Temperature conditions,
44.1.2 Average breaking strength expressed in newtons per 10 mm of width (N/10 mm) or in pounds-force per inch of width,
plus the maximum and minimum, if specified, and ASTM D1000-10
https://standards.iteh.ai/catalog/standards/sist/48e62640-d8c3-4909-8e8c-23f2ed7759b2/astm-d1000-10
44.1.3 Average percent elongation, plus the maximum and minimum, if specified.

45. Precision and Bias

45.1 Data obtained from a round-robin investigation on several types of pressure-sensitive adhesive tape indicate that
breaking-strength measurements within a single laboratory can be expected to fall within 615 % of the mean value, and elongation
measurements to within 625 % of the mean value. Among different laboratories they can be expected to fall within 620 % and
630 %, respectively, of the overall mean value.4
45.2 A statement of bias is not applicable in view of the unavailability of a standard reference material for these properties.

ADHESION STRENGTH TO STEEL AND BACKING

46. Terminology
46.1 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard:
46.1.1 adhesion strength of pressure-sensitive adhesive tape, n—the force necessary to remove the tape from a prescribed
surface when measured in accordance with this test method.

47. Significance and Use

47.1 In many applications the use of a pressure-sensitive adhesive tape depends upon adhesion strength to give satisfactory
performance. The adhesion property is also important in determining the uniformity of quality.

48. Apparatus
48.1 Testing Machine—A crosshead type (constant rate of extension) testing machine, with two clamps with centers in the same
plane, parallel with the direction of the motion of the stressing clamp, and so aligned that the clamps will hold the specimen entirely
in the same plane, and with a graduated tension weighing device having an accuracy of at least 45 g (0.1 lb) or less per scale
division, and preferably 23 g (0.05 lb) or less per scale division. Equip the machine with a device that allows a head separation

8
 D1000 – 10

FIG. 2 Suggested Construction of Roller for Adhesion Strength

Test

of a minimum of 250 mm (10 in.). —A constant rate of extension (CRE) testing machine shall be used. The testing machine shall
have two clamps with centers in the same plane, parallel with the direction of the motion of the stressing clamp, and so aligned
that the clamps will hold the specimen entirely in the same plane. The instrument shall be calibrated to an accuracy of 1 % of full
scale and the scale range of any test shall be such that the mean test level falls within 10 to 90 % of full scale. Equip the machine
with a device that allows a head separation of a minimum of 250 mm (10 in.).
48.2 Test Panel5—A flat steel sheet having a bright annealed finish, 50 by 125 by 1.5 mm (2 by 5 by 1⁄16 in.). Use stainless steel
Type 302 or 304 as prescribed in Specification A167 with surface roughness height of 0.0506 0.025 µm (2.0 6 1.0 µin.) arithmetic
average deviation from the mean line.
iTeh Standards
48.3 Rubber Covered Steel Roller—A steel roller, Fig. 2, 80 6 2.5 mm (3.25 6 0.1 in) in diameter and 45 mm 6 1 mm (1.75

(https://standards.iteh.ai)
6 0.05 in.) wide, covered with rubber approximately 6 mm (1⁄4 in.) in thickness having a durometer hardness of 80 6 5 Shore A.
To apply pressure to the specimen, use a roller weighing 2000 6 50 g (4.56 0.1 lb). Construct the roller so that the weight of the
handle is not added to the weight of the roller during use.

49. Test Specimens Document Preview

49.1 Use test specimens that are 250 mm (10 in.) long and no more than 25 mm (1 in.) wide. Remove each specimen from the
roll in accordance with 5.2 so that neither surface inASTM
the test D1000-10
area contacts the operator’s fingers nor any other foreign object.
49.2 Prepare three test specimens from each roll.
https://standards.iteh.ai/catalog/standards/sist/48e62640-d8c3-4909-8e8c-23f2ed7759b2/astm-d1000-10
50. Procedure
50.1 Adhesion to Steel Panel—Prepare the polished surface of the steel panel by scrubbing it thoroughly, using a clean piece
of surgical gauze saturated with any solvent capable of facilitating the removal of adhesive residue (Warning —see 3.1). Scrub
the panel again using a clean piece of surgical gauze saturated with heptane or any other appropriate solvent (Warning—see 3.1).
Discard the gauze after each cleaning step. After all traces of solvent evaporate, wipe the surface of the panel with a clean dry piece
of surgical gauze.
NOTE9—For 7—For referee testing, use new cleaned steel panels.
50.2 Remove the specimen from the roll. Let it relax for about 2 min or more. Apply it, adhesive side down, to the polished
surface of the panel. Apply the specimen so that a 125-mm (5-in.) length extends beyond one end of the panel.
50.3 For tapes less than 25 mm (1 in.) wide, cut other strips from the same sample roll and apply parallel and adjacent to the
test specimen to provide a total width of approximately 25 mm (1 in.) for rolling purposes only. Then, pass the roller, without
application of additional pressure, over the backing of the tape lengthwise, once in each direction at the rate of approximately 300
mm/min (12 in./min). After the tape is on the panel for 20 min (Note 1050.3.1), double back the free end of the test specimen at
an angle of 180° and peel 25 mm (1 in.) of the tape off the panel at the doubled end. Clamp this portion of the exposed panel in
the lower jaw of the testing machine and place the free end of the tape in the upper jaw. Use a jaw travel rate of 300 mm/min (12
in./min). After the first 25 mm (inch) (1 in.) of tape is removed from the panel, read the specimen adhesion over approximately
the next 50 mm (2 in.) at approximately 13-mm (1⁄2 in.) intervals. in.). Do not take any readings during the removal of the last 25
mm (inch) of tape from the panel.

5
The sole source of supply of the test panels meeting these requirements known to the committee at this time is Chemsultants International, 9349 Hamilton Drive,
Mentor,9079 Tylor Blvd., Mentor OH 44061-1118.44060 or at www.chemsultants.com. If you are aware of alternative suppliers, please provide this information to ASTM
International Headquarters. Your comments will receive careful consideration at a meeting of the responsible technical committee, which you may attend.

9
 D1000 – 10
50.3.1
NOTE10—In It is acceptable, in order to expedite testing, the adhesion may be measuredto measure the adhesion immediately after application of the
tape to the panel, except for referee testing. This procedure results in slightly lower and more variable values.
50.4 Test double-sided tapes by removing the liner material and covering the adhesive surface not under test with soft tissue
paper, such as facial tissue.
50.5Reinforce glass cloth tapes which may break on 180° pullback with another thickness of the same tape. Report this
modification.
50.5 If the glass tapes have the potential to break on 180º pullback, reinforce them with another thickness of the same tape.
Report this modification.
50.6 Adhesion to Backing—Conduct the test of the adhesion of a tape to its own backing in a similar manner, except first affix
a strip of the tape under test to each test panel with both ends wrapped around the ends of the panel. Use clean steel plates. Follow
the procedure described in 50.1-50.3 except apply the test specimen to the tape backing rather than to the steel panel. Both test
specimen and tape backing are to be used once.
51. Procedure for Low Temperatures Testing
51.1 For low temperature measurements, specimens prepared in Section 49 will be conditioned for 2 h according to Sections
9 and 10 before testing. Use white cotton gloves for handling very cold samples.
52. Report
52.1 Report the following information:
52.1.1 Testing temperatures,
52.1.2 Kind of test (to steel or to backing), and
52.1.3 Average of the three test values for each kind of test expressed in newtons per 10 mm of width (N/10 mm) or in
ounces-force per inch of width, plus the maximum or minimum, if specified.

iTeh Standards
(https://standards.iteh.ai)
Document Preview
ASTM D1000-10
https://standards.iteh.ai/catalog/standards/sist/48e62640-d8c3-4909-8e8c-23f2ed7759b2/astm-d1000-10

FIG. 3 Test Machine for Unwind Force Test (Method A)

53. Precision and Bias

53.1 For adhesion to steel, in a round-robin investigation involving two laboratories and several types of pressure-sensitive

10