Liverpool City Centre Map

Can you find these famous places on the map? We are visiting the ones in bold.
01 Albert Dock
02 Arena & Convention Centre
03 The Beatles Story
07 Cavern Club
16 International Slavery Museum
18 Liverpool Cathedral
20 Liverpool Town Hall
21 Liverpool Maritime Museum
23 Museum of Liverpool
25 Metropolitan Cathedral
38 Tate Liverpool
41 Victoria Gallery & Museum
44 “Western Approaches” Liverpool War Museum
45 Echo Wheel of Liverpool
 Liverpool Maritime Museum Site Map

Maritime
Dining Rooms Lecture
theatre
Conference
facilities

4 Fourth
floor
Life in
Freedom!
sculpture

Temporary Enslavement Temporary

exhibition West Africa display space
space Legacy and the
International Middle Passage Anthony
Slavery Walker
Museum ↓ Education
Centre
Worksheets

3
Campaign
Third Community Zone
 
floor Space
Builders Learning
of Great base 2
Art and Ships
Special exhibition
the Sea
Titanic and Maritime
Liverpool: the Archives
and Library
untold story

2 Second
floor Worksheets ←
Titanic, Lusitania
and the forgotten
Empress
 
Learning Battle of
base 1 the Atlantic
Life at Sea
Hello

1
Sailor!
First Sea
Urchins
floor
Shop Quayside
gallery
Colonnades

Quayside
café Lockers

G Ground
floor
Main
entrance

Emigrants to
Seized!
a New World
the Border Learning
and Customs base B
uncovered

B Basement
↓
Matt’s Trail
Worksheets
Liverpool Maritime Museum, Basement : “Seized! The Border & Customs Uncovered”
 

Matt’s Trail
There are 12 of me to find on your gallery tour

1 War
Where’s Matt ? Find Matt in each case
1. War !
2. Money !
3. Fakes !
During which war did people 4. Tea Smuggling !
5. Alcohol !
start paying tax? 6. Watching !
The Gulf War ! 7. Customs House !
The English Civil War ! 8. Measure !
World War 2 ! 9. Hiding !
10. Sea Patrol !
Can you see the booklet in this case? 11. Smugglers !
12. Endangered !
What is being taxed ?

2 Money
Look for the Coat
of Arms, draw in
the missing part....
What type of Where’s Matt ?
House would
have displayed
What was stored in
this symbol?
this chest? (Tick your
House choice)

Sweets Money Swords

What have all the objects in this case got in common?

3 They are all fake !

They are all expensive !
They are all Matt’s Christmas presents !
Where’s Matt ? Can you find these?
Polystation !

Fakes
DS !
Batteries !
Danger!! Polystation will
O...................................t
when in use.
 
  

4 Tea
Smuggling Where’s Matt ?

Tea was
smuggled in the
1700's.
How many cups of
tea were smuggled?
..........out of 4
What was this
vest used for?

5 Alcohol
Where’s Matt ? This is an
illicit still. The
main equipment
used for making
illegal alcohol.
Can you guess what it used
to be?

Look for the

officer's cap. Watching
6
Draw in the
missing
piece of the
badge. Where’s Matt ?

Look for this pointed tool.

What is it called? What was it used for?

 
 
 Custom
House 7
Where’s Matt ?

What metal is How many columns

the inkwell made of? can you see on the Custom
House model?
Clue - Look on all sides.

What is Matt using to write

with?

Can you find a real

one of these in the case?
Now complete the picture.

This object is called a

Beam Scale....look at the
8 Where’s Matt ?

crown symbol

Name 3 other objects displaying

a crown.

This symbol appears on

other objects.

Where’s Matt ?
Hiding 9
Objects can be used to hide things.
Diamonds were found in....
Ivory tusk was found in....
Silver watches were found in....

The ivory tusk came from which animal?

 
 Look at the sailing boat.
How many cannons can you
see?

10
Sea Patrol
Customs officers use Where’s Matt ?
special boats, what are they
called?
C...........................s

This boat is named? S....................ly

11 Smugglers
What were the sinking stones used
for?

Look for the painting in this display

What is being landed
on the beach in this
picture?
Tick your choice below

How many can you see?

Where’s Matt ?

Endangered 12
Look for the conch shell similar to
the one Matt is holding.
Why are these shells often bought?

What animals are these bags made from?

A......................r & M….......……...r L….….......…....d

Look for this bird in the case.
What type of bird is it?

Where’s Matt ?
How many are left in the world?
Seized! The Border & Customs Uncovered,
Albert Dock, Liverpool, L3 4AX Telephone 0151 478 4499
www.liverpoolmuseums.org.uk
 
 
Liverpool Maritime Museum, 1st Floor : “Titanic, Lusitania & the forgotten Empress”

 
  
  
  
 
 Merseyside Maritime Museum, International Slavery Museum (3rd Floor)
Transatlantic Slavery Gallery: Enslavement and the Middle Passage

The history of the transatlantic slave trade. (Fill in the gaps to complete the history.)

Between about 1500 and 1900, Europeans forcibly uprooted millions of people from West Africa
and shipped them across the Atlantic in conditions of great cruelty. Before being forced into
slavery, these people were farmers, merchants, priests, soldiers, goldsmiths and musicians.
They were husbands, wives, fathers, mothers, sons and daughters…
European slavers dispersed them across the Americas to lead lives of degradation and brutality.
Millions died in the process. As a result, people of African descent are spread throughout the
Americas and Western Europe. This is called the African D……………..

The trade triangle.

The transatlantic slave trade generally followed a triangular route:

• Traders set out from European ports towards Africa’s west coast. There they bought
people in exchange for goods and loaded them into the ships.
• The voyage across the Atlantic, known as the M………….. P………….., generally took 6
to 8 weeks. Once in the Americas those Africans who had survived the journey were off-
loaded for sale and put to work as slaves.
• The ships the returned to Europe with goods such as s…….., c…….., t…….., r…….. and
later cotton, which had been produced by slave labour.

The triangle, involving three continents, was complete. European capital, African labour, and
American land combined to supply a European market.

Trace the stages (étapes) of the

trade triangle onto the map.
Mark with arrows (flèches) the
direction the routes took.

European traders

The main European nations involved in slaving were

Portugal, Spain, Britain, France, the Netherlands,
Denmark and Sweden. Britain began large-scale slaving
through private trading companies in the ……….’s. The
most important was the R…..….. A…..….. C………...

Important dates

End of the slave trade in G.B. : ……..

Abolishment of slavery in G.B. : ……..

Do you know when slavery was abolished in France? …….

 Merseyside Maritime Museum, International Slavery Museum (3rd Floor)
Transatlantic Slavery Gallery: Enslavement and the Middle Passage KEY

The history of the transatlantic slave trade.

Between about 1500 and 1900, Europeans forcibly uprooted millions of people from West Africa
and shipped them across the Atlantic in conditions of great cruelty. Before being forced into
slavery, these people were farmers, merchants, priests, soldiers, goldsmiths and musicians.
They were husbands, wives, fathers, mothers, sons and daughters…
European slavers dispersed them across the Americas to lead lives of degradation and brutality.
Millions died in the process. As a result, people of African descent are spread throughout the
Americas and Western Europe. This is called the African Diaspora.

The trade triangle.

The transatlantic slave trade generally followed a triangular route:

• Traders set out from European ports towards Africa’s west coast. There they bought
people in exchange for goods and loaded them into the ships.
• The voyage across the Atlantic, known as the Middle Passage, generally took 6 to 8
weeks. Once in the Americas those Africans who had survived the journey were off-
loaded for sale and put to work as slaves.
• The ships the returned to Europe with goods such as sugar, coffee, tobacco, rice and
later cotton, which had been produced by slave labour.

The triangle, involving three continents, was complete. European capital, African labour, and
American land combined to supply a European market.

Trace the stages (étapes) of the

trade triangle onto the map.
Mark with arrows (flèches) the
direction the routes took.

European traders

The main European nations involved in slaving were

Portugal, Spain, Britain, France, the Netherlands,
Denmark and Sweden. Britain began large-scale slaving
through private trading companies in the 1640’s. The
most important was the Royal African Company.

Important dates

End of the slave trade in G.B. : 1807

Abolishment of slavery in G.B. : 1834

Do you know when slavery was abolished in France? 1848

 Merseyside Maritime Museum, International Slavery Museum (3rd Floor)
Objects to find in the Transatlantic Slavery Gallery

Match the number with the corresponding description on the next page.

1 2 3

4 5 6

7 8 9

10 11 12
15

13 14
16 17

18
Object description Number
Carving of a woman and child. From Kakongo, West Africa.

Tea Pot made of china (porcelaine), *c.1800. (*See below.)

Funerary Mask, Peru c.900-1500. Copper (cuivre) and gold. Many objects like these
were looted (volés) by the Spanish and shipped to Europe often to be melted down.

Slaving Ship cross-section diagram.

Yoke from West Africa, 19th century. Captives were marched, often in yokes, from
inland areas of Africa to the coast for sale to Europeans.

Calabash Guitar, West African stringed instrument with bow.

Guinea Coin, minted by the Royal African Company, which was allowed to mint
guineas from the West African gold brought back from the Guinea coast.

Carved Ivory Tusk showing chained figures. From Gabon, 19th century, 340mm.

Table Centre-Piece. Made by Pitts & Greedy. Engraved with the arms of the Town
of Liverpool. Presented to James Penny in recognition of his support for the slave
trade.

Stool of carved wood with snake motif. Made by Sarmaccer people, Dutch Guyana.

Foot Rest, made of carved wood. Found in a cave in the Bahamas c.1820 by
James Thompson, a slave.

Punishment Collar made of wrought iron (fer forgé), 18th century, 188mm x 310mm

Robe, made of cotton, from Nigeria. Around 88A.D.*, Arab traders brought Islam to
Northern parts of West Africa. Africans who converted to Islam later took their
Muslim faith to the Caribbean and the Americas when they were enslaved.

Gin Bottle, green glass, Dutch, 18th century. Found on the New Calabar River near
Iba, present day Nigeria. Alcohol was one of the main items exported to West Africa
to the coast for sale to the Europeans.

Sugar Bowl, c.1800, white china with gilt decoration (decoration dorée).

Plaque, brass (laiton), from Benin, showing European with gun. 16th/17th century.

Banshee Ship Model, c.1863. The paddle steamer (bateau à vapeur) Banshee was
built by Jones, Quiggen & Co. of Liverpool. First of the “Blockade Runners” ordered
by the Confederate States to beat the blockade imposed by the Federal navy during
the American Civil War. A number were built on Merseyside, where there was much
support for their cause (cotton trade links…)

Talking about dates

c. = circa, Latin word meaning “around”.
A.D. = Anno Domini, Latin expression used to denote the years after the birth of Jesus Christ.
It is the opposite of B.C. = Before Christ.
 
 ANSWERS
Object description Number
Carving of a woman and child. From Kakongo, West Africa. 5
Tea Pot made of china (porcelaine), *c.1800. (*See below.) 15
Funerary Mask, Peru c.900-1500. Copper (cuivre) and gold. Many objects like these 1
were looted (volés) by the Spanish and shipped to Europe often to be melted down.

Slaving Ship cross-section diagram. 12

Yoke from West Africa, 19th century. Captives were marched, often in yokes, from 9
inland areas of Africa to the coast for sale to Europeans.

Calabash Guitar, West African stringed instrument with bow. 3

Guinea Coin, minted by the Royal African Company, which was allowed to mint 11
guineas from the West African gold brought back from the Guinea coast.

Carved Ivory Tusk showing chained figures. From Gabon, 19th century, 340mm. 7
Table Centre-Piece. Made by Pitts & Greedy. Engraved with the arms of the Town 18
of Liverpool. Presented to James Penny in recognition of his support for the slave
trade.

Stool of carved wood with snake motif. Made by Sarmaccer people, Dutch Guyana. 14
Foot Rest, made of carved wood. Found in a cave in the Bahamas c.1820 by 2
James Thompson, a slave.

Punishment Collar made of wrought iron (fer forgé), 18th century, 188mm x 310mm 10
Robe, made of cotton, from Nigeria. Around 88A.D.*, Arab traders brought Islam to 4
Northern parts of West Africa. Africans who converted to Islam later took their
Muslim faith to the Caribbean and the Americas when they were enslaved.

Gin Bottle, green glass, Dutch, 18th century. Found on the New Calabar River near 8
Iba, present day Nigeria. Alcohol was one of the main items exported to West Africa
to the coast for sale to the Europeans.

Sugar Bowl, c.1800, white china with gilt decoration (decoration dorée). 16
Plaque, brass (laiton), from Benin, showing European with gun. 16th/17th century. 13
Banshee Ship Model, c.1863. The paddle steamer (bateau à vapeur) Banshee was 17
built by Jones, Quiggen & Co. of Liverpool. First of the “Blockade Runners” ordered
by the Confederate States to beat the blockade imposed by the Federal navy during
the American Civil War. A number were built on Merseyside, where there was much
support for their cause (cotton trade links…)
N.B.There is no description for object n°6. Were you tricked? Did you confuse it with n°8?!

Talking about dates

c. = circa, Latin word meaning “around”.
A.D. = Anno Domini, Latin expression used to denote the years after the birth of Jesus Christ.
It is the opposite of B.C. = Before Christ.
 The Beatles Story, Liverpool

Complete this quiz about the Beatles.

1. What are the names of the four Beatles and when were they born?
i. ………………………………………………………………………
ii. ………………………………………………………………………
iii. ………………………………………………………………………
iv. ………………………………………………………………………
2. Which instrument did each of them play?
i. ………………………………………………………………………
ii. ………………………………………………………………………
iii. ………………………………………………………………………
iv. ………………………………………………………………………
3. Who wore round glasses? …………………………………………
4. What was the name of John’s first band (that Paul later joined)? ……………………
5. Name two instruments played in a skittle band?
i. …………………………………………
ii. …………………………………………
6. What was Mersey Beat? …………………………………………
7. Who was Brian Epstein? …………………………………………
8. Who is George Martin? …………………………………………
9. How many times did the Beatles play in the Cavern Club? ……………………………
HJ<<:HI:98A6HHGDDB68I>K>I>:H
10. Where is Abbey Road? What is it? …………………………………………………….
>9:6H;DGBJH>8
11. What was the Beatles’ first UK number one record? ……………………………………
Edebjh^XWZXVbZedejaVg^ci]Z&.*%Éh#GZXdgYhWZXVbZX]ZVeZgi]Vci]Zn]VYWZZcWZ[dgZVcY
bdgZeZdeaZlZgZVWaZidWjni]Zb#8]ZVe!edgiVWaZgZXdgYeaVnZghlZgZbVYZ[dgi]ZÒghii^bZ

12. When was it? …………………………………………

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I]gdj\]djii]Z&.*%ÉhVcY&.+%ÉhiZaZk^h^dcegd\gVbbZhhjX]Vh@ka[8en@kho"H[WZoIj[WZo=e
VcYaViZgJefe\j^[JefieaVnZYVc^bedgiVcieVgi^cWg^c\^c\edebjh^Xidi]ZbVhhZh#
13. Who married Yoko6Xi^k^in&/
Ono? …………………………………………
6Xi^k^in'/
Ldg`h]ZZi6 Ldg`h]ZZih7!8VcY9

14. Who is Julia Baird? …………………………………………

15. Who designed the cover to the Sgt. Pepper album? ……………………………………
16. How many peopleDci]Z@ka[8en@khoh]dlgZXdgYhlZgZ
are on it? …………………………………………
eaVnZYVcYV_jgnd[(eZdeaZ\VkZi]Zb
VhXdgZWZilZZc&kZgnWVYid*kZgn
17. How many people\ddY#>[i]ZidiVahXdgZlVh\ddY!i]Z
climbed aboard the magical
gZXdgYlVhV]^i!Wji^[^ilVhWVY^ilVh Mystery Tour? …………………..
GZXZciani]Z<dkZgcbZci]VhhjeedgiZY
Vb^hh#I]Zegd\gVbbZlVhedejaVg i]ZcVi^dcVah^c\^c\egd\gVbbZ!I_d]
l^i]bVcneZdeaZ_d^c^c\^cVi]dbZ# Kflll#h^c\je#dg\l]^X]^begdkZh
18. Which Beatle played the sitar? …………………………………………
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bdidgh`^aahVcYaVc\jV\ZYZkZadebZci#
™ 8]ddhZ&dg'7ZViaZhhdc\hVcY&
 dg'bdgZgZXZciedehdc\h L]ncdieg^cidjiV[Vkdjg^iZ7ZViaZhhdc\VcY
19. When did Paul announce the Beatles hadZcXdjgV\Zi]ZXaVhhidh^c\Vadc\#IdbV`Zi]Z
broken up? ………………………………
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™ <^kZZVX]hdc\VhXdgZWZilZZc&VcY* VcYVh`i]ZXaVhhidÒaa^ci]ZWaVc`heVXZh#
™ A^hiVcnh^b^aVg^i^ZhVcYY^[[ZgZcXZh
20. Who wrote “Imagine”? …………………………………………
 WZilZZci]ZgZXdgYh

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 The Beatles Story, Liverpool ANSWERS

Complete this quiz about the Beatles.

1. What are the names of the four Beatles and when were they born?
i. John Winston Lennon, 9th October 1940
ii. (James) Paul McCartney, 18th June 1942
iii. George Harrison, 25th February 1943
i. Richard Starky (Ringo Starr), 7th July 1940
2. Which instrument did each of them play?
i. John : guitar  (+keyboards, harmonica, bass, percussion)
ii. Paul : bass guitar, guitar (+keyboards, drums)
iii. George : guitar (+sitar, keyboards, bass, ukulele)
iv. Ringo  :  Drums, (+keyboards)
3. Who wore round glasses? John Lennon
What was the name of John’s first band (that Paul later joined)? the Quarrymen

4. Name two instruments played in a skittle band?

i. a wash-board
i. double bass made from a broom stick and tea chest
5. What was Mersey Beat? It was a music publication in Liverpool in the early 1960s.
6. Who was Brian Epstein? The Beatles’ manager.
7. Who is George Martin? The Beatles’ record producer.
8. How many times did the Beatles play in the Cavern Club? 292 times.
9. Where is Abbey Road? What is it? Abbey Road is a recording studio located at 3
Abbey Road, London.
10. What was the Beatles’ first UK number one record? Love Me Do
11. When was it? 5 October 1962
12. Who married Yoko Ono? John Lennon
13. Who is Julia Baird? John Lennon’s half sister
14. Who designed the cover to the Sgt. Pepper album? Peter Blake
15. How many people are on it? A collage depicts around 60 famous people, including
writers, musicians, film stars, and gurus.
16. How many people climbed aboard the magical Mystery Tour? 292
17. Which Beatle played the sitar? George Harrison
18. When did Paul announce the Beatles had broken up? 10th April 1970
19. Who wrote “Imagine”? John Lennon
 
 Popular Music
Worksheet E

POPULAR MUSIC

Imagine a third column entitled “2014”. What comments could sum up popular music today?
………………………………………….…………………………………………………………………
………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
……………………………………………………………………………………………………………
 “Western Approaches” Liverpool War Museum

 
1. Explain what the “Western Approaches” area
is, and why it was important during WW2.

………………………………………………………………………..
………………………………………………………………………..  
………………………………………………………………………..  
………………………………………………………………………..  
………………………………………………………………………..  
………………………………………………………………………..
………………………………………………………………………..  
Map showing the area of the Western Approaches Source:
  Gouhmah, CC BY SA 3.0, by Wikimedia Commons
2. What are the English and then German words for “la marine de guerre”
……………………..……………………..……………………..………………………………..
3. What is a “U-Boat”? …………………………..……..
4. What are the 3 military groups making up Combined Operations?
a) …………………….. b) …………………….. c) …………………..
5. At the beginning of WW2 Combined Operations, which was responsible for control of the
Western Approaches, was not in Liverpool, but in another town in the south of England. In
which town was it located? ………………..…………..
6. When was the Western Approaches Command HQ transferred to Liverpool?
……………………..……………………..……………………..……………………………….
7. HQ means “headquarters”. What is the French word? ……………………………………
8. Why was this Command HQ nicknamed the "Citadel" or "Fortress"?
…………………..…………………..…………………..…………………..…………………..
9. During the war, three different men held the position of Commander-in-Chief for Western
Approaches Command. Who were they? a) ……………………….………….
b) ……………..……………………….. c) …………………………………………..
10. Who were the “wrens”? ……………………..……………………..……………………..
11. What can you see in the “telecommunications room”?
……………………..……………………..……………………..…
…………………..……………………..…………………………
……..……………………..…………………………….……….
12. What happened to top secret messages before they
were sent out? ……………………..……………………..
……………………..………………………………………..
13. What can you see in the centre of the “map
room”, and what is on it?
……………………..……………………..………
……………..………………………………………
………………………………………………………
………………………………………….…….….
14. What does the Aircraft State Board at the rear of the room show?
……………………..……………………..……………………..……………………………….
15. What are “Faroes”, “Fair Isle” and “Bailey” on this
weather report? ……………………………

16. In the school room, you can see and handle

genuine artifacts from the Second World War.
Name as many of them as you can.

……………………..……………………..…………..……………………..…………………..
……………………..……………………..……………………..……………………………….
……………………..……………………..…………..……………………..…………………..
17. At the Chandler's shop you can see many of the day-to-day items that were scarce during
the war. Give some examples. ……………………..……………………………..
……………………..……………………..……………………..……………………………….
18. What is an Anderson Shelter?
……………………..……………………..……………………..……………………………….
19. When was the first aerial bombing of Liverpool? ……………………..……………………

20. What happened in the Liverpool docks on May 3rd 1941?

……………………..……………………..……………………..……………………………….
 “Western Approaches” Liverpool War Museum ANSWERS

 
1. Explain what the “Western Approaches” area is,
and why it was important during WW2.

The Western Approaches is a rectangular

area of the Atlantic Ocean lying on the western
coast of the United Kingdom, starting directly
from the coast and ending in the Atlantic
roughly at Iceland. The area is particularly
important to the UK, because many of its larger
shipping ports (like Liverpool) lie in this area.  
Map showing the area of the Western Approaches Source:
  Gouhmah, CC BY SA 3.0, by Wikimedia Commons

2. What are the English and then German words for “la marine de guerre”
The Royal Navy, and the “Kriegsmarine”.

3. What is a “U-Boat”? It’s a German submarine, or “Unterseeboot” (=undersea boat).

4. What are the 3 military groups making up Combined Operations?

a) Royal Navy. b) Royal Air Force. c) Royal Marines.

5. At the beginning of WW2 Combined Operations, which was responsible for control of the
Western Approaches, was not in Liverpool, but in another town in the south of England. In
which town was it located? Plymouth.

6. When was the Western Approaches Command HQ transferred to Liverpool?

On the 7th February 1941.

7. HQ means “headquarters”. What is the French word? Quartier Général.

8. Why was this Command HQ nicknamed the "Citadel" or "Fortress"? It was due to the
extensive reinforced-concrete protection given to the basement, designed to be bomb proof
and gas proof, with a 7-foot thick roof and 3-foot thick walls.

9. During the war, three different men held the position of Commander-in-Chief for Western
Approaches Command. Who were they? a) Admiral Sir Martin Dunbar-Smith
b) Admiral Sir Percy Noble c) Admiral Sir Max Horton.
10. Who were the “wrens”? They were the Women's Royal Naval Service (WRNS; popularly
and officially known as the Wrens) the women's branch of the Royal Navy

11. What can you see in the “telecommunications room”?

Telephones, radios, radars, transmitters, morse code
machines, encoding machines …

12. What happened to top secret messages before they

were sent out? They were encoded. (Of course!)

13. What can you see in the centre of the “map

room”, and what is on it? There is a massive
table with the ‘situation map’; on this chart
enemy locations could be pin-pointed as total
accuracy was necessary to enable the Royal
Navy to contact and destroy the enemy.

14. What does the Aircraft State Board at the rear of the room show? Here the readiness of all
the RAF stations could be displayed as well as up to the minute information about current air
operations.

15. What are “Faroes”, “Fair Isle” and “Bailey” on this

weather report? These are areas around the coast of
Britain. (shipping areas)

16. In the school room, you can see and handle genuine
artifacts from the Second World War.
Name as many of them as you can.
a gas mask, ….

17. At the Chandler's shop you can see many of the day-to-day items that were scarce during
the war. Give some examples. soap powder, ……..……………………………..
……………………..……………………..……………………..……………………………….

18. What is an Anderson Shelter? It was a special steel air-raid shelter designed in 1938,
named after Sir John Anderson who had special responsibility for preparing air-raid
 precautions immediately prior to the outbreak of WW2. Anderson shelters were designed to
accommodate up to six people. Dimensions: 6 ft (1.8 m) high, 4 ft 6 in (1.4 m) wide, and 6 ft
6 in (2 m) long. They were buried 4 ft (1.2 m) deep in the soil and then covered with a
minimum of 15 in (0.4 m) of soil above the roof. 1.5 million shelters of this type were
distributed from February 1939 to the outbreak of war. During the war a further 2.1 million
were erected.
An unburied Anderson shelter An Anderson shelter standing intact after an air raid.

19. When was the first aerial bombing of Liverpool? August 9th 1940

20. What happened in the Liverpool docks on May 3rd 1941?

During a raid, the SS Malakand (a munitions ship berthed at Huskisson Dock for unloading)
exploded: the cargo of 1,000 tons of bombs destroyed the dock and the surrounding area, and
the explosion was so violent that some pieces of the ship’s plating were carried over a mile
away.
(After the May Blitz, the attacks stopped. Access to secret documents after the war has enabled
historians to establish that the Nazi strategy was aimed at this all-out effort to destroy the main
port involved in the reception and dispatch of the Atlantic convoys, before turning the focus on
to the invasion of Russia.)