Definition Hygiene is define as ‘science of health , which include all the factors contributing to the healthful living.Type of hygiene > Social hygiene Social hygiene is the control of all the factors in a persons physical environment that have , or can have a damaging effect on their physical mental or social wellbeing > Industrial hygiene Occupational hygiene is about prevention of ill health caused by work» School hygiene School hygiene or school health is an important branc eam health, which facilitating optimum health to school children » Personal hygiene Personal hygiene implies to those principles of physical cleanliness and mental health . Personal hygiene is not only limited to taking care of body and keeping it clean, rather the mental and spiritual aspect are also an integral part ofFactors influencing hygiene practices > Personal prefe! E Each individual has his own desire and preference about when to bath, shave and to perform hair care. Same way each individual select different product according to the personal preferences need and financial resources. The nurse assists the client in delivering individualized care to the client > Social practices Social group influence hygiene practices and preference. During adolescent year, hygiene practices my be influence by the peer group behavior. During adolescent year, work group and friends shape the expectation of people and in the older adult hygiene practices may change because of living conditions and available resourcesThe type of extent of hygiene practices are influenced by a persons ecot » Socioeconomic status resources. The nurse determines which product / supplies , the client car d » Health belief and motivation Knowledge regarding the importance of hygiene for wellbeing influence hygiene procuces . Only knowledge is not enough. The client must be motivated to self-care > Cultural beliefs A clients cultural beliefs and personal values influence hygiene care > Physical condition Certain type of physical limitation or disabilities often lacks the physical energy to perform t ygiene care , eg. a client with traction or who has an intravenous line , need assistance for hygiéne maintenancePERSONAL HYGIENE > Definition Personal hygiene is defined as the healthy practices and lifestyle help in maintenance and promotion of individual health physically, emotionally, socially and spirituallyPurposes of maintaining personal hygiene >To prevent illness >To promote good health > To improve the standard of health >To maintain quality life of an individual >To promote mental well being » To promote social and spiritual health >To improve self esteem in society >To maintain resistance and prevent from illnessPrinciples of personal hygiene » Hygiene practices are learnt ® Changes occur throughout the life span, it also affects the healthcare practices > Individual differences exit from one individual to other » Health practices directly influences the physical, mental, social and spiritual health of an individual > Good health practices prevent entry of microorganism into the body > Nature acts as a first line of defence on human health natural light and and ventilationactors Inmiuencing persona hygiene » Social practices Social group influence including the type of personal care, during childhood , hygiene is influence by family customs & Personal preferences Each person has individual desires and preferences about when to bath, shave and perform hair care. Individual selects different product according to personal preference , needs and financial resources & Body language Body image is a persons subjective concept of his or her physical appearance. These images can change frequently. When individual undergoes surgery, illness or a change in functional status, body image can change dramatically> Socioeconomic status A persons economic resources influences the type and extend of hygiene practi ed . Socioeconomic status may influence his/her ability to regularly maintain hygier » Health belief and motivation Knowledge about importance hygiene and its implication for well-being influences hygiene practices. however knowledge alone is nat enough. The individual also must be motivated to maintain self care. » Cultural variables An individuals cultural belief also affects hygienic_care. People from divers cultural background follows different self care practices . Culturally maintain cleanliness may not hold the same importance for some ethnic group as it does for other > Physical condition Person with certain types of physical limitations or disabilities often lack of physical energy and dexterity to perform hygienic careImportance of personal hygiene > Personal hygiene helps maintenance of physical and psychological homeostasis > Personal hygiene helps to promote individual comfort, safety, and well-being > Healthy hygienic practices and technique, provides economy of time, material and energy > The nurse need to collect further information about the patients identified problemsRole of nurse in personal hygiene > Direct provision of hyg opportunity for daily aésessment of the patients physical and emotional state. » The process of daily bathing, oral hygiene ,care of hair nail and massage forms a vital part of nurse patient relationship > The nurse should assess the need of patients and identify related nursing problems> The nurse also has to motivate the patient to resume independ and responsibility for care as condition permits » The nurse must apply knowledge of pathophysiology to provide good preventive hygienic care. The nurse has to integrate knowledge of anatomy , physiology , and pathology during hygienic care