INTRODUCTION

SECTION 1
1.1 Risky behavior is when we do things that might put ourselves or others in danger, either physically,
mentally, or emotionally. Understanding these risks can help us make better decisions by knowing the
consequences of our actions. This knowledge helps us see how our choices affect not just ourselves but
also others and the world around us. By learning about high-risk behaviors, we can think of safer
alternatives.

1.2

Not having clear, unbiased, and correct information about different substances and their risks, like
alcohol.

The illegal or unregulated status of some substances, which pushes people to get them from unsafe
sources. Sometimes, these substances are easier for young people to get than alcohol.

Movies, music, and TV often show substance use and partying as fun and glamorous, which is not always
true.

False information spread about substances makes it hard to know what’s true or not, leading to mistrust
in authority figures and what they say.

1.3

Substance abuse: Young people often find themselves in situations involving drugs and alcohol. Peer
pressure and curiosity can lead to substance abuse, which can cause addiction, health problems, and
more risky behavior.

Online activities: Many young people spend a lot of time online, which can expose them to risks like
cyberbullying, online predators, identity theft, and harassment. Sharing personal info or doing unsafe
things online can be dangerous.

Unsafe sexual behavior: Doing risky things like having unprotected sex or having multiple partners can
lead to sexually transmitted infections (STIs), unplanned pregnancies, and emotional issues.

Reckless driving: New drivers might engage in dangerous driving like speeding, not wearing seat belts, or
driving drunk, leading to accidents, injuries, or even death.
Peer pressure and risky behaviors: Young people often face pressure from friends to do risky things like
underage drinking, smoking, or illegal activities. This pressure can lead to bad decisions with serious
consequences.

1.4 Teenagers often get involved in risky behaviors for many reasons, such as peer pressure, not knowing
about the risks, poor communication with family, and difficulty dealing with stress or social problems.
Low self-esteem can also play a part.

Risky behaviors are actions that can harm the person doing them or their community. These can include
dangerous driving, drug use, speeding, unhealthy diets, and violence. While risky behavior happens in all
age groups, teenagers and young adults take more risks than others. It’s believed that teens take these
risks because they aren’t always good at understanding the dangers. That’s why it’s important to
communicate with them about the consequences and help them make responsible decisions. Teens also
need to know what to do if they ever feel unsafe or uncomfortable.

1.5 Peers:

Social Support: Friends can give us support and encouragement, helping us make healthier lifestyle
choices like exercising or eating better.

Shared Interests: Friends often enjoy similar activities, which can lead to positive activities like sports,
volunteering, or hobbies that are good for well-being.

Norms and Accountability: Friend groups often have rules about behavior. If a group values healthy
habits, it can encourage everyone to stick to those values.

Exposure to New Ideas: Friends can introduce each other to new things, ideas, and activities that help
with personal growth.

Social Media:

Access to Information: Social media gives us a lot of information about healthy living, nutrition, fitness,
and mental health, helping us make informed choices.

Community Building: Online platforms can create communities around shared interests, offering support
and motivation to stick to our goals.

Influencers and Role Models: Social media influencers who promote healthy lifestyles can inspire others
to adopt similar habits.

Awareness and Activism: Social media can raise awareness about health, social issues, or the
environment, motivating people to make responsible lifestyle choices.

Parents:
Foundation of Values: Parents often teach us important values about health, nutrition, and well-being. A
caring environment that values these things can set us on a good path.

Modeling Behavior: The way parents live their lives—like eating healthy, exercising, and managing stress
—can influence their children to do the same.

Guidance and Education: Parents can guide us in making smart choices and teach us the importance of a
balanced lifestyle, helping us take charge of our health and decisions.

Support Systems: A supportive home lets us talk openly about lifestyle choices, making it easier to
discuss challenges and find solutions.

1.6 Substance Abuse/Alcohol Use and Abuse: Misusing substances or alcohol can cause physical and
mental health issues like addiction, liver damage, and impaired thinking. It can also hurt school or work
performance, damage relationships, and lower the overall quality of life.

Motor Vehicle Accidents: Car accidents can cause serious injuries, disabilities, or death. They can also
lead to emotional trauma, financial problems, and legal issues for those involved. These accidents also
impact public safety and health.

Risky (Abortion, Teenage Pregnancy, and Sexual Activities): Risky sexual behavior can lead to unintended
pregnancies, sexually transmitted infections (STIs), emotional stress, and social stigma. Teen pregnancy
and abortion can disrupt education, limit career options, and cause financial strain, as well as affect
mental and physical health.

Risky Behavior: This includes actions that can lead to harm or danger, like unprotected sex, reckless
driving, extreme sports, or drug use. Risky behavior can cause injuries, diseases, unplanned pregnancies,
legal troubles, and financial problems.

1.7 Illiteracy: Not being able to read or write well can hurt lifestyle choices by making it harder to access
information about health, nutrition, and money management. This can lead to poor decisions about
healthcare, increasing health risks and lowering the quality of life.

High Income: Having a lot of money usually gives access to better resources, but it can also lead to
unhealthy lifestyle choices, like eating too much junk food, drinking alcohol, or using drugs. High-income
people might also be too busy to exercise or manage stress properly.
Property: Owning property can affect lifestyle choices by influencing living conditions and access to
things like parks or recreational facilities. Not owning property might mean living in unstable conditions
with limited access to these amenities, affecting physical and mental well-being.

Culture: Cultural factors shape lifestyle choices through diet, social norms, and attitudes toward health.
Some cultural practices might promote unhealthy behaviors, like eating too much high-calorie food or
avoiding medical help, which can hurt overall well-being.

1.8 The 2008 Youth Risk Behavior Survey (YRBS) gives us valuable information about the behavior of
young people. By looking at the results, we can understand how things have changed since the 2002
survey.

First, we should carefully examine what the 2008 YRBS found. The survey might include data about risky
behaviors like substance abuse, sexual activity, violence, and mental health among young people. We
can compare the numbers or percentages from 2008 with those from 2002 to see any changes.

Next, we can think about why these changes might have happened since 2002. Here are some possible
reasons for different risky behaviors:

Substance abuse:

Changes in societal attitudes and awareness campaigns: Increased awareness about substance abuse,
educational efforts, or stricter law enforcement might have reduced substance abuse or changed the
types of substances used.

Availability and accessibility of substances: Changes in how easy it is to get drugs or alcohol might have
influenced how much young people use them.

Economic factors: Changes in the economy or youth employment might have affected how affordable or
available drugs or alcohol are.

Sexual activity:

Education and awareness programs: Programs that promote safe sex, offer comprehensive sex
education, or provide access to contraceptives might have changed sexual behavior.

Cultural and societal shifts: Changing social norms or greater acceptance of different sexual orientations
might have influenced decisions about sexual activity.
Violence:

Gun control measures: Stricter gun laws might have reduced violent activities among young people.

Changes in community and school environments: More security, anti-bullying efforts, or promoting
conflict resolution in schools and communities might have lowered violence.

Mental health:

Awareness and destigmatization: Better awareness and reduced stigma around mental health might
have led more young people to seek help or report their mental health issues.

Increased stressors: More social, academic, or economic pressures on young people might have led to
more mental health issues or higher reporting.

These reasons are just guesses, and the real reasons might be different based on the survey and its
context. To get a better understanding, it’s important to read the full report or do more research to
accurately analyze the changes seen in the 2008 YRBS compared to 2002.

1.9

Education.

Good parenting.

Mentoring by older adults.

Job training.

After school technology programs.

1.10 To create a bibliography using a well-known reference style, you can follow the APA (American
Psychological Association) format. Here’s an example of how to list your sources with at least four
different resources
THE ROLE OF SOCIAL AND ENVIRONMENTAL
RESPONSIBILITY
SECTION 2
2.1

1. Energy-Efficient Appliances: Use appliances that save energy, like those with high energy efficiency
ratings. These use less electricity but still work well. Examples are LED light bulbs, energy-saving fridges,
and smart thermostats.

2. Unplug Devices: Unplug electronics and chargers when you're not using them. Many devices still use
power even when they’re turned off, which wastes electricity.

3. Optimize Cooling and Heating: In hot weather, use natural ways to cool down, like opening windows
during the cooler parts of the day. In cold weather, wear warm clothes instead of turning up the heat too
much.

4. **Conservative Lighting**: Switch to energy-saving lights like LED or CFL bulbs. Also, remember to
turn off lights when you leave a room and use sunlight whenever possible.

5. **Load Management**: Don’t use too many high-energy appliances at the same time. Spread out
their use during the day to avoid putting too much pressure on the electricity supply.

**2.2**

1. **Infrastructure Development**: Governments can build, fix, and expand electricity systems, like
power plants, transmission lines, and distribution networks. By improving these systems, every home
and business can have electricity all the time.

2. **Diversified Power Generation**: Depending on just one source of power can make electricity
supplies unstable. The government can promote using a mix of energy sources like fossil fuels,
renewable energy, and nuclear power to ensure a steady supply of electricity.

3. **Smart Grid Implementation**: Smart grids use advanced technology to monitor and manage
electricity in real-time. This helps respond quickly to changes in electricity use and supply.

4. **Energy Efficiency and Demand Management**: Encouraging people to save energy and managing
demand can help reduce the pressure on the electricity supply.

5. **Emergency Preparedness and Resilience**: Creating strong emergency plans and having backup
power systems can reduce the impact of unexpected problems like natural disasters or equipment
breakdowns.
---

CONTEMPORARY SOCIAL ISSUES THAT

1. **Global warming**

2. **Pollution**

3. **Loss of habitats**

**3.2**

1. **Hotter temperatures**

2. **More health risks**

3. **Not enough food**

2. **Property loss and damage**

2. **Infrastructure**

3. **Service costs and risks to financial stability**

3. **Changing Weather Patterns**

2. **Changing Demand for Goods**

3. **Changing Public Perceptions**

---
SKILLS THAT ARE NECESSARY TO
PARTICIPATE IN CIVIC LIFE
SECTION 4
**4.1**

1. **CDWP (Community Development Worker Programme)**

2. **LoveLife**

**4.2.1 Effectiveness**

1. **CDWP**: Helps make public services better and easier to access; helps different parts of the
government work together; supports community development and stronger partnerships between the
government and communities; and encourages people to participate in democracy.

2. **LoveLife**: Focuses on keeping youth active and healthy. GroundBREAKERS work on physical
development and health by getting young people involved in sports and recreational activities. They
organize events and leagues for young people, and the youth center offers computer skills through the
Cyber Wise program, which benefits the local community and neighboring villages.

**4.2.2 Ineffectiveness**

1. **CDWP**: It might not focus on individual needs and instead looks at the community as a whole,
which could exclude some people.

2. **LoveLife**: Some kids might lie about attending the program and instead do bad things elsewhere.

4.3

1. Needs Analysis and Community Involvement: Do detailed studies to understand what the community
needs. Involve community members, local leaders, and other groups to find out what’s really important.

2. Diversification of Services and Programs: Recognize that different communities have different needs.
Offer a variety of programs and activities for different age groups, skills, and interests.

3. Partnerships and Collaborations: Work with organizations both inside and outside the community to
share resources, knowledge, and networks. This can help youth programs reach more people and have a
bigger impact.
CONCLUSION
SECTION 5
5.1

I learned why it’s important to save electricity and ways to do it. I also learned about what causes global
warming and loss of habitats, and how they affect people, the economy, and local businesses.

5.2

1. Choose one day of the week for ironing.

2. Cook enough food to last two to three days.

3. Turn off lights when you’re not in the room.

4. Don’t boil water on the stove.

5. Don’t waste electricity by boiling more water than you need.

RECOMMENDATIONS
SECTION 6
**6.1**

1. **Public Education Campaigns**

2. **Incentive-Based Programs for Energy Efficiency**

3. **Smart Technology and Real-Time Monitoring**

4. **Energy Efficiency Standards and Regulations**

5. **Community Engagement Initiatives**

reference
7.1
1. https://lovelife.org.za/

2. https://recentvacancies.com/

3. https://brainly.in/

4. https://sapartners.org/